JP2009092370A - Waste feeding method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a waste feeding method allowing wastes caught in an upper damper having a seal function of obstructing inflow of ambient air into a gasifying furnace to be easily removed without providing extra equipment and apparatuses. <P>SOLUTION: When a damper close signal is not received from a limit switch 11<SB>SW</SB>although an upper cylinder 11 is operated in a direction of closing the upper damper 11, it is determined that wastes are caught in the upper damper 11 and input of wastes into a vertical chute unit 6 is temporally stopped. During the input stop of wastes, the upper damper 11 is opened for removing the caught wastes and the opened upper damper 11 is operated in the closing direction. When the damper close signal is received from the limit switch 11<SB>SW</SB>, it is determined that the wastes caught in the upper damper 11 are removed and input of wastes into the vertical chute unit 6 is started. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&amp;INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste supply method for continuously supplying waste, such as sewage sludge and municipal waste, to a gasification furnace, and more specifically, a sealing function for preventing external air from flowing into the gasification furnace. The present invention relates to a waste supply method that makes it possible to easily remove waste caught in an upper damper and a lower damper.

  In recent years, gasification and melting furnaces that can simultaneously achieve volume reduction of waste such as sewage sludge and municipal waste and detoxification of ash have attracted attention. This gasification and melting furnace gasifies waste such as sewage sludge and municipal waste in a gasification furnace (500 to 600 ° C.), and decomposes the waste into combustible gas, fixed carbon and ash. Next, by burning the decomposed combustible gas and fixed carbon in the melting furnace, the temperature in the melting furnace is raised to 1300 ° C. or higher to melt the ash, and the molten slag is made into water-cooled slag by cooling with water, for example. is there.

A waste supply device that supplies waste to a gasification furnace is required to have a fixed amount of waste and a sealing property.
(1) Quantitative supply of waste Stabilize combustion by minimizing fluctuations in the supply of waste. Thereby, since the temperature of a melting furnace is also stabilized, the meltability of ash is also stabilized.
(2) to prevent the inflow of external air into the sealability gasifier, combustible gas from the gasifier (CO, H, CH _4, etc.) leakage of.
As a waste gas supply apparatus for a gasification furnace, for example, one having a configuration in which a double damper is provided in a chute is known.

  Hereinafter, a waste gas supply device (combustible material supply device) according to a conventional example will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. FIG. 4 shows a schematic configuration of a fluidized bed gasification furnace according to a conventional example and a combustible material supply apparatus (hereinafter referred to as a waste supply apparatus) that supplies combustible material (hereinafter referred to as waste) to the fluidized bed gasification furnace. FIG. Reference numeral 50 shown in FIG. 4 is a fluidized bed gasification furnace (hereinafter referred to as a gasification furnace), and includes a screw conveyor 64 driven by a motor 68 at a waste charging port 53 of the gasification furnace 50. An article supply mechanism 62 is provided, a chute 63 including double dampers 59 and 59 connected to the waste supply mechanism 62 is provided, and a conveyor 65 connected to the chute 63 is provided.

  The waste 54 put into the hopper 66 by the crane 61 or the like is carried up by the conveyor 65 and is put into the upper opening of the chute 63 from the tip of the conveyor 65. The waste 54 thrown into the chute 63 is intermittently thrown into the waste supply mechanism 62 by the operation of the double dampers 59 and 59 having a sealing function. The waste supply mechanism 62 relaxes the intermittentness of the intermittently input waste by the screw conveyor 64 and continuously (quantitatively) input the gasification furnace 50 with a predetermined amount.

The waste 54 thrown into the gasification furnace 50 is gasified in a reducing atmosphere in the fluidized bed 51 flowing by the fluidizing gas 52 flowing from the bottom wind box, and the product gas generated by the gasification 57 exits through the fluidized bed 51, passes through the free board 55, and is led from the product gas outlet 56 to a melting furnace (not shown). In this case, since the waste 54 intermittently supplied from the chute 63 is continuously (quantitatively) supplied in a substantially constant amount by the action of the screw conveyor 64 of the waste supply mechanism 62, the fluidized gas 52 Control for performing stable gasification operation of the gasification furnace 50 such as supply control and in-furnace temperature control becomes extremely easy. In addition, the sealing function of the double dampers 59 and 59 can also prevent external air leaking from the waste inlet 5 into the gasification furnace 50 (see, for example, Patent Document 1).
JP 2003-56822 A

  The gasification furnace waste supply apparatus according to the above-described conventional example is provided with a double damper composed of an upper damper and a lower damper that are alternately opened and closed on the chute. Since the waste supply mechanism includes a screw conveyor, it is considered that the quantitative supply of waste to the gasification furnace is also excellent. However, when the waste is caught in the damper, the sealing performance cannot be ensured, and the inflow of external air into the gasification furnace cannot be prevented. As described above, when the waste is caught in the damper, the operation of the waste supply device must be stopped and, for example, a manhole provided in the chute must be opened to remove the waste stuck in the damper. Therefore, not only the operating rate of the waste supply apparatus is lowered, but also a great amount of labor is required for the work of removing the waste, which is not preferable. Therefore, in the case of the waste gas supply apparatus for a gasification furnace according to the above-described conventional example, the following operation is performed so as to avoid the waste biting by the damper.

That is, when the open damper is closed, the operation of the upstream equipment that supplies waste to the chute provided with the damper is temporarily stopped. After confirming that the damper is completely closed, the upstream equipment is operated. When the waste supply apparatus is operated in this way, the following problems occur.
(1) Since the life of the waste source supply means decreases due to an increase in the number of times of starting and stopping the upstream equipment, that is, the waste source supply means, the running cost increases.
(2) Not only is the quantitative supply of waste impaired, but also the waste treatment efficiency is reduced and the amount of product gas that is gasified in the gasifier increases greatly, which stabilizes the gasifier. Therefore, it becomes difficult to perform the gasification operation control and the stable operation control of the melting furnace following the gasification furnace.

  Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to make it possible to easily remove the waste caught in the upper and lower dampers having a sealing function for preventing the flow of external air into the gasification furnace. It is to provide a waste supply method.

  If the upper and lower dampers are opened and closed once every 15 seconds, for example, the inventors open and close each damper 240 times per hour. It has been found that the number of times the waste is caught in the upper damper is at most twice (1/120). Therefore, the inventors have solved the problems described in paragraphs [0008] (1) and (2) by eliminating at least 238 unnecessary startups / stops per hour of upstream equipment. The present invention has been realized by thinking that it can be greatly improved. In addition, it can be understood that the number of times per hour that the waste is caught in the upper damper is at most twice, which is as follows. That is, since the lump of waste roughly crushed by the crusher is dropped and supplied to the upper damper at intervals, the frequency of the lump of waste falling to a predetermined position at the moment when the upper damper is closed is low. . Moreover, a muddy thing may adhere to a lower damper by long-term driving | operation.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. Therefore, in order to solve the above problems, the gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 1 of the present invention is the gasification of external air. A vertical chute having a sealing function to prevent inflow into the furnace and alternately opened and closed is provided with a vertical chute provided at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, and the vertical chute is In a waste supply method using a waste supply device including a waste transfer device for transferring waste supplied via the gasification furnace, a direction in which an upper cylinder that opens and closes the upper damper closes the upper damper When the damper close signal cannot be received despite being operated, the waste dumping into the vertical chute is temporarily stopped by judging that the upper damper has stuck the waste. During the stoppage of input, the upper damper is opened to remove the bitten waste, and the opened upper damper is operated in the closing direction, and when the damper close signal is received, the upper damper is bitten. It is determined that the waste has been removed, and the introduction of the waste into the vertical chute is started.

  The gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 2 of the present invention is that, in the waste supply method according to claim 1, a timer is used from the start of operation of the upper cylinder in the direction of closing the upper damper. The elapsed time is started to be counted, and when the damper closing signal is not transmitted even though a preset time has elapsed, the counting is stopped, and it is determined that the waste is caught in the upper damper. It is what.

  The gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 3 of the present invention is the waste supply method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein the damper close signal of the upper damper is The transmission is made from a limit switch that detects the stroke of the upper cylinder.

  The gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 4 of the present invention is that, in the waste supply method according to claim 1, the lower cylinder that opens and closes the lower damper is operated in a direction to close the lower damper. However, when the damper close signal cannot be received, it is determined that the waste is caught in the lower damper, and the lower damper is opened and the lower damper opened to remove the stuck waste. When the damper closing signal is received, it is determined that the waste bitten by the lower damper has been removed, and the upper damper is operated in the opening direction.

  The gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 5 of the present invention is that, in the waste supply method according to claim 4, a timer is used from the start of operation of the lower cylinder in the direction of closing the lower damper. The elapsed time is started to be counted, and when the damper closing signal is not transmitted even though the preset time has elapsed, the counting is stopped and it is determined that the waste is caught in the lower damper. It is what.

  The gist of the means adopted by the waste supply method according to claim 6 of the present invention is the waste supply method according to any one of claims 4 and 5, wherein the damper closing signal of the lower damper is The transmission is made from a limit switch that detects the stroke of the lower cylinder.

  In the waste supply method according to claim 1 of the present invention, when the upper cylinder that opens and closes the upper damper is operated in the direction of closing the upper damper, but the damper closing signal cannot be received, the upper damper is disposed of. It is determined that an object has been caught, and the introduction of waste into the vertical chute is temporarily stopped. When the waste dumping is stopped, the upper damper is opened to remove the bitten waste, and the opened upper damper is operated to close the upper damper. It is determined that the waste bitten in is removed and the upper damper is completely closed, and the introduction of the waste into the vertical chute is started.

Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 1 of the present invention, when the waste is not caught in the upper damper, the waste is continuously charged into the vertical chute and is discarded in the vertical chute. Since the operation of the upstream waste source supply means for supplying the product is not stopped, the following effects can be obtained.
(1) Since the number of times of starting / stopping the upstream waste source supply means is reduced, a decrease in the life of the waste source supply means is suppressed, which can contribute to a reduction in running cost.
(2) Since the rate at which the quantitative supply of waste is impaired is reduced, the waste processing efficiency is improved, and fluctuations in the amount of product gas gasified in the gasification furnace can be suppressed. Stable gasification operation control of the gasification furnace and stable operation control of the melting furnace following the gasification furnace are facilitated.

  In the waste supply method according to claim 2 of the present invention, the elapsed time is started to be counted by a timer from the operation start time of the upper cylinder in the direction of closing the upper damper, and the preset time has passed, When the damper closing signal is not transmitted, the counting is stopped and it is determined that the waste is caught in the upper damper. Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 2 of the present invention, it is possible to reduce the wasteful stop time of the waste supply device, so that the time required for removing the waste caught in the upper damper is shortened. An effect can be obtained.

  In the waste supply method according to claim 3 of the present invention, the damper closing signal of the upper damper is transmitted from the limit switch that detects the stroke of the upper cylinder. Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 3 of the present invention, since only one limit switch is required, the configuration of the control system for controlling the damper actuating means becomes extremely complicated or expensive. There is nothing to do.

  In the waste supply method according to claim 4 of the present invention, when the lower cylinder that opens and closes the lower damper is operated in the direction of closing the lower damper, but the damper closing signal cannot be received, the waste is discarded to the lower damper. When it is determined that an object has been bitten and the lower damper is opened to remove the bitten waste and the lower damper is opened and a damper close signal is received, the lower damper is It is judged that the bitten waste has been removed, and the upper damper is operated in the opening direction.

  Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 4 of the present invention, in addition to the effect of the waste supply method according to claim 1, it is possible to know that the waste is caught in the lower damper. , And the waste caught in the lower damper can be reliably removed. Therefore, the waste does not accumulate and stay on the lower damper due to the biting of the waste, and it can be reliably transported by the waste transport device and put into the waste inlet of the gasifier. Therefore, the rate at which the quantitative supply of waste is impaired is reduced, and the waste processing efficiency is improved.

  In the waste supply method according to claim 5 of the present invention, the elapsed time is started to be counted by the timer from the operation start time of the lower cylinder in the direction of closing the lower damper, and the preset time has passed, When the damper closing signal is not transmitted, the counting is stopped, and it is determined that the waste is caught in the lower damper. Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 5 of the present invention, the wasteful stop time of the waste supply device can be reduced, and therefore the time required for removing the waste caught in the lower damper is shortened. An effect can be obtained.

  In the waste supply method according to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the damper closing signal of the lower damper is transmitted from the limit switch that detects the stroke of the lower cylinder. Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to claim 6 of the present invention, since only two limit switches are required, the configuration of the control system for controlling the damper actuating means becomes extremely complicated or expensive. There is nothing to do.

  Hereinafter, a waste supply apparatus according to an embodiment for carrying out the waste supply method of the present invention will be described with reference to the attached drawings. FIG. 1 relates to the first embodiment of the present invention, and is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of a waste supply apparatus that also shows a gasification furnace for gasifying waste, and FIG. 2 is a first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 3 is a schematic configuration explanatory diagram of a pressure generator that operates upper and lower cylinders of an upper damper and a lower damper of a waste supply apparatus and a controller that controls the pressure generator.

Reference numeral 1 shown in the figure is a waste supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 for implementing the waste supply method of the present invention. This waste supply device 1 is connected to the vertical chute 6 described later, the waste transport device 7 to which waste is supplied from the vertical chute 6, and the waste transport device 7. A waste supply chute 8 for supplying the waste 9 in an oblique communication with the waste input port 21 is provided. That is, the waste 9 thrown into the waste hopper 2 by a waste throwing device (not shown) such as a crane is pushed out by the pusher 3, and the pushed waste 9 is roughly crushed by the crusher 4. The waste 9 roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is conveyed obliquely upward by a conveyor 5 provided in an airtight conveyor housing, and is dropped and supplied to the vertical chute 6. Has been. In the case of the first embodiment, the waste source supply means includes the waste hopper 2, the pusher 3, the crusher 4, and the conveyor 5.

  The vertical chute 6 is provided with a double damper having a sealing function, which will be described later, and has a rectangular cross section. And the waste conveyance apparatus 7 which is connected to the lower part of this vertical chute part 6, and conveys the waste 9 to the said gasification furnace 20 side, and the screw conveyor and waste crusher which are mentioned later are installed is provided. Yes. Further, an upper end of a waste supply chute 8 that communicates obliquely downward with a waste inlet 21 of the gasification furnace 20 is connected to a lower end of the tip of the waste transport device 7.

  The double damper provided in the vertical chute 6 is an upper damper 11 and a lower damper 12 provided below the upper damper 11 at a predetermined interval. First, the upper damper 11 is 75 ° from a closed position inclined by 15 ° with respect to the horizontal line with an upper support shaft 11p provided on the inner wall side of the vertical chute 6 on the direction of the gasification furnace 20 as a rotation fulcrum. It is configured to rotate downward and open until it reaches a vertical position orthogonal to the horizontal line.

  Further, the lower damper 12 is provided at a position spaced apart from the upper damper 11 of the vertical chute 6 by a predetermined distance, and a lower support shaft provided on the inner wall side of the vertical chute 6 in the direction of the gasification furnace 20. 12p is used as a rotation fulcrum, and it is configured to rotate 75 ° downward from a closed position inclined 15 ° with respect to the horizontal line and to be opened until it reaches a vertical position orthogonal to the horizontal line.

By the way, in the case of this Embodiment 1, as above-mentioned, both the upper support shaft 11p and the lower support shaft 12p are the direction side of the vertical chute part 6 of the gasification furnace 20 (in FIG. 1, 2). (Right side) on the inner wall side. However, on the contrary, even if the vertical chute 6 is provided on the inner wall side on the opposite side (the left side in FIGS. 1 and 2) of the gasification furnace, the same effect can be obtained. In the case of the first embodiment, the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are set to be inclined by 15 ° with respect to the horizontal line in the closed state. Since the inclination angle of 11 and the lower damper 12 can be set as appropriate, it is not limited to 15 °.

The upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12, upper and lower cylinder 11j which operates at a pressure generator P _U is switched the supply of compressed air under the control of the control unit C _L as shown in FIG. 2 is operated, the opening and closing by 12j It is configured to be. More specifically, one end of the upper arm 11i is fixed to a shaft end protruding outward from the vertical chute portion 6 of the upper support shaft 11p that pivotally supports the upper damper 11, and the upper cylinder is attached to the tip of the upper arm 11i. The tip of the 11j telescopic rod is pivotally attached. That is, due to the expansion and contraction of the telescopic rod of the upper cylinder 11j, the upper damper 11 is rotated by 75 ° via the upper arm 11i and the upper support shaft 11p to be opened and closed. ). When the upper arm 11i rotates the upper damper 11 to the closed position, the upper arm 11i comes into contact with the upper arm 11i to detect that the upper damper 11 is located at the closed position, and the detection signal will be described later. A limit switch 11sw is provided for transmission to the apparatus.

  One end of the lower arm 12i is fixed to the shaft end of the lower support shaft 12p that pivotally supports the lower damper 12 and protrudes outward from the vertical chute 6, and the lower cylinder is attached to the tip of the lower arm 12i. The tip of a 12j telescopic rod is pivotally attached. That is, the expansion / contraction of the expansion / contraction rod of the lower cylinder 12j causes the lower damper 12 to be rotated by 75 ° via the lower arm 12i and the lower support shaft 12p (the lower damper 12 is closed by expansion / contraction of the expansion / contraction rod and opened by expansion) It is configured to be. As can be understood from the above description, the configuration of the damper operating mechanism for opening and closing the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 is exactly the same except for the limit switch 11sw.

The telescopic rods of the upper and lower cylinders 11j and 12j that open and close the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are both transmitted from the limit switch 11sw and are arm detection signals that contact the upper arm 11i, that is, the upper damper 11 It is configured to be controlled by compressed air which is supplied and drained from the pressure generator P _U controlled by the control device C _L for receiving No. damper closing signal that closed. More specifically, the control unit C _L, when receiving the No. damper close signal from the limit switch 11sw determines that waste in the upper damper 11 is not written mesh, upper and lower cylinder according to the normal program 11j, controls the pressure generator _{P U} to actuate alternately 12j.

On the other hand, when the damper close signal cannot be received from the limit switch 11sw, it is determined that the upper damper 11 is stuck with the waste, and the upper and lower cylinders 11j and 12j are normally operated by the program. stop control of the generator P _U, it controls the pressure generator P _U as described below, the pusher 3, and the conveyor 5 is configured to control as follows.

  In this case, the determination that the waste is stuck in the upper damper 11 is performed as follows. That is, the elapsed time starts to be counted by a timer (not shown) from the time when the operation of the upper cylinder 11j is started in the direction in which the upper damper 11 is closed (extension of the telescopic rod), and a preset time (for example, 5 to 10) is started. When the damper closing signal is not transmitted from the limit switch 11sw in spite of elapse of the second), the counting is stopped and it is determined that the waste is stuck in the upper damper 11. The set time of the timer is appropriately changed according to the opening / closing speed of the upper damper 11. According to this configuration, the wasteful stop time of the waste supply device 1 can be reduced, so that the effect of shortening the time required for removing the waste caught in the upper damper 11 can be obtained.

If it is determined that the waste to the upper damper 11 is written meshes, the pusher 3 by the control device C _L, the deactivation of the conveyor 5, temporarily stopping the introduction of waste 9 to the vertical chute section 6 . Then, while stopping the introduction of waste 9, by controlling the pressure generator P _U, the open upper damper 11 by the upper cylinder 11j is operated, the waste that is written engage in the upper damper 11 The object 9 is dropped and removed, and the upper damper 11 opened for removing the bitten waste 9 is closed, and then the introduction of the waste 9 to the vertical chute 6 is started. For this purpose, the pusher 3 and the conveyor 5 are controlled to start operation.

  In this case, the removal of the waste bitten by the upper damper 11 is determined by receiving a damper closing signal transmitted from the limit switch 11sw. The upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 are alternately opened and closed so that one of the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 is always closed in order to prevent external air from flowing into the gasification furnace 20. It is configured to be.

  Furthermore, a screw conveyor 13 for conveying the waste supplied from the lower damper 12 in the direction of the gasification furnace 20 is accommodated in the waste transfer device 7. The screw conveyor 13 includes a pair of conveying screws 13a (only one conveying screw 13a is shown in FIG. 1) having rotation axes parallel to each other on a horizontal plane. Further, a waste crusher 14 for crushing the waste extruded by the screw conveyor 13 is provided on the distal end side of the screw conveyor 13 and at an outer position thereof. In addition, although the waste crusher 14 in this Embodiment 1 is a rotary type, the thing of a rocking | swiveling structure is employable.

  Hereinafter, an operation mode of the waste supply apparatus 1 having the above-described configuration for carrying out the waste supply method of the present invention will be described. The waste 9 supplied to the waste hopper 2 is extruded by the pusher 3, and the extruded waste is roughly crushed by the crusher 4. The waste roughly crushed by the crusher 4 is conveyed obliquely upward by the conveyor 5 and is dropped and supplied onto the upper damper 11 of the vertical chute unit 6.

  When a predetermined amount of waste accumulates on the upper damper 11, the upper damper 11 opens and closes several seconds after opening, but during this time, a predetermined amount of waste is accumulated on the upper damper 11 and the conveyor. The waste carried obliquely upward by 5 is put on the lower damper 12. Next, several seconds after the upper damper 11 is closed, the lower damper 12 is opened, and is held open for several seconds after being opened. Therefore, the waste thrown in on the lower damper 12 falls on the screw conveyor 13, specifically on the pair of conveying screws 13a.

  The waste dropped on the pair of transport screws 13a is transported by the rotation of the pair of transport screws 13a. And the waste discharged | emitted from the front-end | tip of the screw conveyor 13 is crushed further finely by the waste crusher 14, and is thrown into the gasifier 20 from the waste inlet 21 via the waste supply chute 8. The waste thrown into the gasification furnace 20 is gasified at a temperature of 500 to 600 ° C. and decomposed into combustible gas, fixed carbon and ash. Next, the decomposed combustible gas and the fixed carbon are burned in a melting furnace (not shown), and the ash is melted at a temperature of 1300 ° C. or higher in the melting furnace to form molten slag.

  By the way, in the first embodiment, the lower damper 12 closes in a few seconds after supplying the waste to the screw conveyor 13, and the upper damper 11 previously closed is opened. 11 and the lower damper 12 are repeatedly opened and closed once every 15 seconds to 3 minutes, for example. It should be noted that the time interval for opening and closing the upper damper 11 and the lower damper 12 once is to be set as appropriate, and is not limited to the time interval for opening and closing once.

During the process as described above, when the waste 9 is caught in the upper damper 11, the telescopic rod is moved to the minimum stroke (maximum) even though the upper damper 11 is closed. not limit switches 11sw causes activated to not a contracted state), No. damper closing signal is no longer transmitted to the control device C _L. Then, the pusher 3 by operation stop command signal from the controller C _L, actuation of the conveyor 5 is stopped, stop waste 9 to the vertical chute portion 6 is temporarily stopped.

Then, while the introduction of waste 9 is stopped, the control of the control unit C _L, the upper damper 11 is switched to the upper damper 11 opening operation of a pressure generator P _U is extendable rod of the upper cylinder 11j extends By opening, the waste 9 bitten by the upper damper 11 is removed. Then, by reducing the extendable rod of the upper cylinder 11j, close the upper damper 11 is opened to remove waste 9 being written mesh, the control unit C _L receives the No. damper closing signal, a vertical chute section 6 The operation of the pusher 3 and the conveyor 5 is started in order to start the introduction of the waste 9 into the vehicle, and thereafter returns to the normal operation state.

In the case of the waste supply apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment that implements the waste supply method of the present invention, the open upper damper 11 is also operated to close in order to remove the bitten waste. Regardless, the waste may not be removed and the damper close signal may not be received.
In such a case, the opening / closing operation of the upper damper 11 is repeated until a damper closing signal is received. By repeating the opening and closing operation of the upper damper 11, it is possible to reliably prevent the external air from flowing into the gasification furnace 20. However, the operating rate of the waste supply device 1 and the waste processing amount are reduced. Will come. However, since it takes much shorter time compared with the waste removal operation with the manhole opened, the adverse effect on the reduction of the operation rate of the waste supply apparatus 1 and the amount of waste can be reduced.

According to the waste supply method by the waste supply apparatus 1 according to the first embodiment of the present invention, when the waste 8 is caught in the upper damper 11, the operation is performed as described above. C _L has received the No. damper closing signal, when the waste 9 to the upper damper 11 upper damper 11 is closed completely is determined not to written engage the waste into the vertical chute 6 Since the input is continued and the operation of the upstream waste source supply means, that is, the pusher 3 and the conveyor 5 is not stopped, the following effects can be obtained.

(1) Since the number of times of starting / stopping the upstream waste source supply means is reduced, the life of the upstream waste source supply means is suppressed from being reduced, which can contribute to a reduction in running cost.
(2) Since the case where the quantitative supply capability of waste is impaired is reduced, the processing efficiency of waste is improved, and variation in the amount of generated gas gasified in the gasification furnace 20 can be suppressed. Stable gasification operation control of the gasification furnace 20 and stable operation control of the melting furnace following the gasification furnace 20 are facilitated.
(3) Since it is only necessary to provide at least one limit switch, the configuration of the control system including the pressure generating device and the control device for controlling the operation of the upper cylinder 11j becomes extremely complicated or expensive. There is nothing.

  Next, the waste supply apparatus according to the second embodiment for carrying out the waste supply method of the present invention is controlled by controlling the pressure generator and the pressure generator for operating the upper and lower cylinders of the upper damper and the lower damper. A description will be given with reference to FIG. 3 of the schematic configuration diagram of the apparatus. The second embodiment is different from the first embodiment in the arrangement position of the lower support shaft that rotatably supports the lower damper, and other configurations are completely the same. The same reference numerals are given to the same components and the components having the same functions, and different points will be mainly described.

  That is, the upper damper 11 rotates the upper support shaft 11p provided on the inner wall side of the vertical chute 6 on the gasification furnace direction side (right side in FIG. 7) as in the case of the first embodiment. As described above, it is configured to rotate 75 ° downward from a closed position inclined by 15 ° with respect to the horizontal line and to be opened until reaching a vertical position orthogonal to the horizontal line. On the other hand, the lower damper 12 is inclined by 15 ° with respect to the horizontal line with the lower support shaft 12p provided on the inner wall side of the vertical chute 6 on the opposite side (left side in FIG. 3) of the gasification furnace as a rotation fulcrum. It is configured to rotate 75 ° downward from the closed position until it reaches a vertical position orthogonal to the horizontal line.

  Therefore, in the waste supply apparatus according to the second embodiment that implements the waste supply method of the present invention, only the arrangement position of the lower support shaft 12p that rotatably supports the lower damper 12 is different. An effect equivalent to that of the waste supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 can be obtained. Furthermore, in the waste supply apparatus according to Embodiment 2 of the present invention, the waste falling from the upper damper 11 to the lower support shaft 12p side of the lower damper 12 slides down the upper surface of the lower damper 12 and falls to the subsequent process side. To do. Therefore, not only the adhesion of the waste to the upper surface of the lower damper 12 is suppressed, but also the waste adhering due to the wiping action caused by the sliding of the waste is removed from the upper surface of the lower damper 12, so that the lower damper 12 is cleaned. The interval is extended, which can contribute to a reduction in the running cost of the waste supply device and an improvement in the operating rate.

  By the way, in the first and second embodiments, when waste is caught in the upper damper 11, the upper damper 11 is opened and closed, and the waste stuck by the damper closing signal from the limit switch 11sw is removed. The case of making a judgment has been described as an example. However, it is preferable to add a configuration for removing the waste caught in the lower damper 12 to the waste supply device configured to remove the waste caught in the upper damper 11. Of course, the occurrence frequency of waste biting trouble is much lower than that of the upper damper 11. However, this is because the damper may not be completely closed due to, for example, mud deposits on the damper surface during long-term operation.

That is, in Embodiment 3 of the present invention, it is detected that the lower damper 12 is in the closed position by contacting the lower arm 12i at the time of the minimum stroke of the lower cylinder 12j, and the detection signal is transmitted to the control device C. A limit switch (not shown) for transmission to _L is provided. Then, the lower cylinder 12j for opening and closing the lower damper 12 is operated in the closing direction the lower damper 12, even though a preset time has elapsed by the timer, the control unit C _L damper closing signal from the limit switch When the lower damper 12 is not received, it is determined that the waste is stuck in the lower damper 12, and the lower damper 12 is opened and the opened lower damper 12 is closed in order to remove the stuck waste. . After the operation, when the control unit C _L receives a No. damper close signal from the limit switch, by operating in the opening direction of the upper damper 11 determines that the waste is written meshes in the lower damper 12 is removed, the upper The waste accumulated on the damper 11 is dropped onto the lower damper 12 and supplied.

Therefore, according to the waste supply method according to the third embodiment of the present invention, in addition to the effects of the waste supply method according to the first and second embodiments, the waste is caught in the lower damper 12. And the waste caught in the lower damper 12 can be surely removed.
Therefore, the waste does not accumulate and stay on the lower damper 12 due to the bite of the waste, and is reliably transported by the waste transport device and put into the waste inlet of the gasifier. Therefore, the rate at which the quantitative supply of waste is impaired is reduced, and the waste processing efficiency is improved. Moreover, since the wasteful stop time of the waste supply device can be reduced, the effect of shortening the time required for removing the waste caught in the lower damper 12 can be obtained. Since only two limit switches are required, the configuration of the control system for controlling the damper actuating means does not become extremely complicated or expensive.

  In the waste supply apparatuses according to Embodiments 1, 2, and 3 that implement the waste supply method of the present invention, when the upper and lower cylinders are reduced, the upper and lower dampers are closed, and the upper and lower cylinders are extended. The case where the upper and lower dampers are opened has been described as an example. However, conversely, when the upper and lower cylinders are extended, the upper and lower dampers are closed, and when the upper and lower cylinders are contracted, the upper and lower dampers are opened (for example, the direction of the arm is opposite to that shown in FIGS. When the direction of the arm is the same as that shown in FIGS. 2 and 3, the upper and lower cylinders can be arranged so that the telescopic rod expands and contracts downward. Accordingly, the configuration of the waste supply apparatus according to the above embodiment is merely a specific example of the present invention, and is not limited to the configuration of the waste supply apparatus 1 according to the above embodiment, and the present invention. It is possible to freely change the design within a range that does not deviate from the above technical idea.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is typical structure explanatory drawing of the waste supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention and also shows the gasification furnace which gasifies waste. It is typical structure explanatory drawing of the control apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention and operates the upper damper of a waste supply apparatus, and the upper and lower cylinders of a lower damper, and a pressure generator. It is typical structure explanatory drawing of the control apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention and operates the upper damper of a waste supply apparatus, and the upper and lower cylinders of a lower damper, and a pressure generator. It is a figure which shows schematic structure of the fluid bed gasification furnace which concerns on a prior art example, and the waste supply apparatus which supplies a waste material to this fluidized bed gasification furnace.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Waste supply apparatus 2 ... Waste hopper 3 ... Pusher 4 ... Crusher 5 ... Conveyor 6 ... Vertical chute part 7 ... Waste conveyance apparatus 8 ... Waste supply chute 9 ... Waste 11 ... Upper damper, 11i ... Upper part Arm, 11j ... Upper cylinder, 11p ... Upper support shaft, 11sw ... Limit switch 12 ... Lower damper, 12i ... Lower arm, 12j ... Lower cylinder, 12p ... Lower support shaft 13 ... Screw conveyor, 13a ... Conveying screw 14 ... Waste crusher 20 ... (fluidized bed) gasifier, 21 ... waste inlet C L _... controller P U _... pressure generator

Claims (6)

  It has a sealing function to prevent the flow of external air into the gasification furnace, and includes a vertical chute portion in which upper and lower dampers that are alternately opened and closed are provided at predetermined intervals in the vertical direction, In a waste supply method by a waste supply device including a waste transport device that transports waste supplied through the vertical chute in the direction of the gasification furnace, an upper cylinder that opens and closes the upper damper is When the damper closing signal cannot be received despite the operation in the direction of closing the upper damper, it is determined that the waste has been caught in the upper damper and the waste is temporarily put into the vertical chute. When the upper damper is opened and the opened upper damper is closed in order to remove the bitten waste, and the damper closing signal is received while the waste input is stopped. , Waste feed method characterized by initiating the introduction of it is determined that the waste was written meshes in the upper damper has been removed waste into the vertical chute portion. The timer starts counting elapsed time from the start of operation of the upper cylinder in the direction of closing the upper damper, and stops counting when a damper closing signal is not transmitted even though a preset time has elapsed. Te, the waste feed method according to claim 1 waste to the upper damper has and determines that were written meshes.   The waste supply method according to any one of claims 1 and 2, wherein a damper close signal of the upper damper is transmitted from a limit switch that detects a stroke of the upper cylinder.   Even though the lower cylinder that opens and closes the lower damper is operated in the direction to close the lower damper, when it is not possible to receive the damper closing signal, it is determined that the waste is caught in the lower damper, and is Open the lower damper to remove the waste, operate in the direction of closing the opened lower damper, and when receiving the damper close signal, determine that the waste bitten by the lower damper has been removed 2. The waste supply method according to claim 1, wherein the waste damper is operated in a direction to open the upper damper.   The timer starts counting elapsed time from the start of operation of the lower cylinder in the direction of closing the lower damper, and stops counting when a damper closing signal is not transmitted even though a preset time has elapsed. The waste supply method according to claim 4, wherein it is determined that waste is caught in the lower damper.   6. The waste supply method according to claim 4, wherein a damper closing signal of the lower damper is transmitted from a limit switch that detects a stroke of the lower cylinder.

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