JP2009079600A - Natural gas feeder - Google Patents

Natural gas feeder Download PDF

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JP2009079600A
JP2009079600A JP2007246990A JP2007246990A JP2009079600A JP 2009079600 A JP2009079600 A JP 2009079600A JP 2007246990 A JP2007246990 A JP 2007246990A JP 2007246990 A JP2007246990 A JP 2007246990A JP 2009079600 A JP2009079600 A JP 2009079600A
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natural gas
storage container
liquefied natural
pressure
pressurized evaporator
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JP4969383B2 (en
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Kazutomi Tanaka
一臣 田中
Kojiro Murakami
幸二郎 村上
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UD Trucks Corp
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UD Trucks Corp
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    • Y—GENERAL TAGGING OF NEW TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENTS; GENERAL TAGGING OF CROSS-SECTIONAL TECHNOLOGIES SPANNING OVER SEVERAL SECTIONS OF THE IPC; TECHNICAL SUBJECTS COVERED BY FORMER USPC CROSS-REFERENCE ART COLLECTIONS [XRACs] AND DIGESTS
    • Y02—TECHNOLOGIES OR APPLICATIONS FOR MITIGATION OR ADAPTATION AGAINST CLIMATE CHANGE
    • Y02T—CLIMATE CHANGE MITIGATION TECHNOLOGIES RELATED TO TRANSPORTATION
    • Y02T10/00—Road transport of goods or passengers
    • Y02T10/10—Internal combustion engine [ICE] based vehicles
    • Y02T10/30—Use of alternative fuels, e.g. biofuels

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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To ease restrictions on the arrangement position of a pressurized vaporizer for a storage tank. <P>SOLUTION: A natural gas feeder comprises the storage tank 10 for storing liquefied natural gas, the pressurized vaporizer 16 disposed in a communication passage 12 communicating between the lower part and the upper part, an evaporator 28 for generating natural gas by evaporating the liquefied natural gas stored in the storage tank 10, and a temporary storage tank 30 for temporarily storing natural gas generated by the evaporator 28 in which the supply port is formed. A throttle valve 34 and a solenoid valve 36 are disposed in a bypass passage 32 branching from a communication passage 12 positioned downstream of the pressurized vaporizer 16 to the temporary storage tank 30. When a pressure p in the upper space of the storage tank 10 falls below a predetermined pressure, the solenoid valve 36 disposed in the bypass passage 32 is opened to reduce the pressure in the communication passage 12 positioned downstream of the pressurized vaporizer 16 so as to suck in the liquefied natural gas from the storage tank 10 into the pressurized vaporizer 16. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、天然ガスを燃料とするエンジンなどに対して、貯蔵容器に貯蔵された液化天然ガスを気化しつつ供給する天然ガス供給装置に関する。   The present invention relates to a natural gas supply device that supplies liquefied natural gas stored in a storage container while vaporizing it to an engine using natural gas as fuel.

天然ガスを燃料とするエンジンは、排気性状が良好なことから、都市部の物流を行う商用車などに広く利用されている。天然ガスを供給する供給装置として、特開２００３−９０４９６号公報（特許文献１）に記載されるように、貯蔵容器に貯蔵される液化天然ガスを加圧蒸発器で気化しつつ上部空間へと戻し、その圧力で液化天然ガスを貯蔵容器から気化器へと押し出してエンジンなどに供給するものが提案されている。
特開２００３−９０４９６号公報 Engines that use natural gas as fuel are widely used in commercial vehicles for logistics in urban areas because of their good exhaust properties. As a supply device for supplying natural gas, as described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-90496 (Patent Document 1), liquefied natural gas stored in a storage container is vaporized by a pressurized evaporator into an upper space. It has been proposed that the liquefied natural gas is pushed out from the storage container to the vaporizer by the pressure and supplied to the engine or the like.
JP 2003-90496 A

しかしながら、従来提案技術では、重力を利用して貯蔵容器から加圧蒸発器に液化天然ガスを供給する方式を採用していたため、貯蔵容器における液化天然ガスの液面より加圧蒸発器を鉛直下方に配設しなければならず、レイアウト上の制約があった。このため、貯蔵容器の鉛直下方に加圧蒸発器を配設することが困難な車両においては、液化天然ガスを搭載することができず、燃料搭載性及び走行可能距離などが多少劣っていることに目を瞑り、圧縮天然ガスを搭載しなければならなかった。   However, in the conventionally proposed technology, the method of supplying liquefied natural gas from the storage container to the pressurized evaporator using gravity is adopted, so the pressurized evaporator is vertically lowered from the liquid level of the liquefied natural gas in the storage container. There are restrictions on the layout. For this reason, in a vehicle in which it is difficult to dispose a pressurized evaporator vertically below the storage container, liquefied natural gas cannot be mounted, and the fuel mounting ability and the travelable distance are somewhat inferior. Had to meditate on and load with compressed natural gas.

そこで、本発明は以上のような従来の問題点に鑑み、加圧蒸発器と貯蔵容器の上部空間とを連通する連通路内の圧力を低下させ、貯蔵容器に貯蔵される液化天然ガスを加圧蒸発器に吸引することで、貯蔵容器に対する加圧蒸発器の配設位置の制約を緩和した天然ガス供給装置を提供することを目的とする。   Therefore, in view of the conventional problems as described above, the present invention reduces the pressure in the communication path that connects the pressurized evaporator and the upper space of the storage container, and adds liquefied natural gas stored in the storage container. An object of the present invention is to provide a natural gas supply apparatus that relaxes the restriction on the position of the pressurized evaporator with respect to the storage container by sucking into the pressure evaporator.

このため、請求項１記載の発明では、液化天然ガスを貯蔵する貯蔵容器と、前記貯蔵容器内の下部と上部とを連通する連通路に配設された加圧蒸発器と、前記貯蔵容器に貯蔵された液化天然ガスを気化させて天然ガスを生成する気化器と、前記気化器により生成された天然ガスを一時的に貯蔵すると共に、該天然ガスの供給口が形成された一時貯蔵容器と、前記加圧蒸発器と貯蔵容器上部との間に位置する連通路から分岐し前記一時貯蔵容器へと至るバイパス通路に配設された絞り弁と、前記バイパス通路に配設された電子制御可能な開閉弁と、前記貯蔵容器の上部空間内の圧力を検出する圧力検出手段と、前記圧力検出手段により検出された圧力が所定圧力未満となったときに、前記開閉弁を開弁させる制御手段と、を含んで構成されたことを特徴とする。   Therefore, according to the first aspect of the present invention, the storage container for storing the liquefied natural gas, the pressurized evaporator disposed in the communication path that connects the lower part and the upper part in the storage container, and the storage container A vaporizer that vaporizes the stored liquefied natural gas to produce natural gas; and a temporary storage container that temporarily stores the natural gas produced by the vaporizer and is formed with a supply port for the natural gas; A throttle valve disposed in a bypass passage that branches from a communication passage located between the pressurized evaporator and the upper portion of the storage container and leads to the temporary storage container; and electronically controllable disposed in the bypass passage Open / close valve, pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure in the upper space of the storage container, and control means for opening the open / close valve when the pressure detected by the pressure detecting means becomes less than a predetermined pressure. And The features.

請求項２記載の発明では、前記加圧蒸発器に液化天然ガスが供給されているか否かを判定する判定手段をさらに備え、前記制御手段は、前記開閉弁を開弁させた後、前記判定手段により加圧蒸発器に液化天然ガスが供給されていると判定されたときに、前記開閉弁を閉弁させることを特徴とする。
請求項３記載の発明では、前記加圧蒸発器における液化天然ガスの水位を検出する水位検出手段をさらに備え、前記判定手段は、前記水位検出手段により検出された水位が所定値以上になったときに、前記加圧蒸発器に液化天然ガスが供給されていると判定することを特徴とする。 According to a second aspect of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises a determination unit that determines whether or not liquefied natural gas is supplied to the pressurized evaporator, and the control unit opens the open / close valve and then performs the determination. When the means determines that liquefied natural gas is being supplied to the pressurized evaporator, the on-off valve is closed.
The invention according to claim 3 further comprises a water level detection means for detecting the level of the liquefied natural gas in the pressurized evaporator, wherein the determination means has a water level detected by the water level detection means equal to or greater than a predetermined value. In some cases, it is determined that liquefied natural gas is supplied to the pressurized evaporator.

請求項４記載の発明では、前記加圧蒸発器の温度を検出する温度検出手段をさらに備え、前記判定手段は、前記温度検出手段により検出された温度が所定温度未満になったときに、前記加圧蒸発器に液化天然ガスが供給されていると判定することを特徴とする。
請求項５記載の発明では、前記加圧蒸発器と貯蔵容器上部との間に位置する連通路には、前記貯蔵容器内の下部から上部へと向かう方向にのみ開弁する逆止弁がさらに配設されたことを特徴とする。 According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, the apparatus further comprises temperature detection means for detecting the temperature of the pressurized evaporator, and the determination means is configured to detect the temperature when the temperature detected by the temperature detection means is less than a predetermined temperature. It is determined that liquefied natural gas is supplied to the pressurized evaporator.
According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, a check valve that opens only in a direction from the lower part to the upper part in the storage container is further provided in the communication path located between the pressurized evaporator and the upper part of the storage container. It is arranged.

請求項６記載の発明では、前記貯蔵容器は、密閉した内側容器及び外側容器からなり、該内側容器と外側容器との間が減圧されていることを特徴とする。
請求項７記載の発明では、前記加圧蒸発器及び気化器には、夫々、エンジン冷却水が循環されることを特徴とする。 The invention according to claim 6 is characterized in that the storage container comprises a sealed inner container and an outer container, and the pressure between the inner container and the outer container is reduced.
The invention according to claim 7 is characterized in that engine cooling water is circulated through the pressurized evaporator and the vaporizer, respectively.

請求項１記載の発明によれば、貯蔵容器に貯蔵される液化天然ガスの消費に伴ってその液面が低下することで、上部空間内の圧力が所定圧力未満になると、加圧蒸発器と貯蔵容器上部との間に位置する連通路から分岐して一時貯蔵容器へと至るバイパス通路に配設された開閉弁が開弁される。開閉弁が開弁されると、加圧蒸発器と貯蔵容器上部との間に位置する連通路内に存在する天然ガスは、絞り弁によりその圧力が低下されつつ、バイパス通路を通過して一時貯蔵容器へと流れ出す。このため、加圧蒸発器と貯蔵容器との間に位置する連通路内の圧力が低下し、貯蔵容器に貯蔵された液化天然ガスが吸引されて加圧蒸発器へと供給される。従って、貯蔵容器に貯蔵された液化天然ガスは、重力を利用しなくとも加圧蒸発器へと吸引されるため、貯蔵容器に対する加圧蒸発器の配設位置の制約を緩和させることができる。よって、レイアウト的に厳しい車両であっても、液化天然ガスを搭載することが可能となり、例えば、走行可能距離を伸ばすことができる。   According to the first aspect of the present invention, when the pressure in the upper space becomes lower than the predetermined pressure due to the liquid level being lowered with the consumption of the liquefied natural gas stored in the storage container, The on-off valve disposed in the bypass passage that branches from the communication passage positioned between the upper portion of the storage container and reaches the temporary storage container is opened. When the on-off valve is opened, the natural gas existing in the communication passage located between the pressurized evaporator and the upper part of the storage container passes through the bypass passage while being temporarily reduced by the throttle valve. Flow out into storage container. For this reason, the pressure in the communication path located between the pressurized evaporator and the storage container is reduced, and the liquefied natural gas stored in the storage container is sucked and supplied to the pressurized evaporator. Therefore, since the liquefied natural gas stored in the storage container is sucked into the pressurized evaporator without using gravity, the restriction on the position of the pressurized evaporator with respect to the storage container can be relaxed. Therefore, even a vehicle with a strict layout can be equipped with liquefied natural gas, and for example, the travelable distance can be extended.

請求項２記載の発明によれば、バイパス通路に配設された開閉弁を開弁させた後、加圧蒸発器に液化天然ガスが供給され始めると、加圧蒸発器による液化天然ガスの気化が可能となったので、開閉弁が閉弁される。このため、開閉弁の開弁時間が短くなり、一時貯蔵容器内の天然ガスの圧力低下を抑制することができる。
請求項３記載の発明によれば、加圧蒸発器における液化天然ガスの水位が所定値以上になったか否かを介して、加圧蒸発器に液化天然ガスが供給されているか否かを間接的かつ高精度に判定することができる。 According to the second aspect of the present invention, when the liquefied natural gas starts to be supplied to the pressurized evaporator after opening the on-off valve disposed in the bypass passage, the liquefied natural gas is vaporized by the pressurized evaporator. Therefore, the on-off valve is closed. For this reason, the valve opening time of the on-off valve is shortened, and the pressure drop of the natural gas in the temporary storage container can be suppressed.
According to the third aspect of the present invention, it is indirectly determined whether or not the liquefied natural gas is supplied to the pressurized evaporator through whether or not the water level of the liquefied natural gas in the pressurized evaporator is equal to or higher than a predetermined value. And accurate determination can be made.

請求項４記載の発明によれば、加圧蒸発器の温度が所定温度未満になったか否かを介して、加圧蒸発器に液化天然ガスが供給されているか否かを間接的かつ高精度に判定することができる。
請求項５記載の発明によれば、加圧蒸発器と貯蔵容器上部との間に位置する連通路に、貯蔵容器内の下部から上部へと向かう方向にのみ開弁する逆止弁が配設されているため、貯蔵蔵容器の上部空間に存在する天然ガスがバイパス通路へと流れることが防止され、貯蔵容器の上部空間内の圧力低下を抑制することができる。 According to the fourth aspect of the present invention, whether or not the liquefied natural gas is supplied to the pressurized evaporator indirectly through high accuracy through whether or not the temperature of the pressurized evaporator has become lower than a predetermined temperature. Can be determined.
According to the fifth aspect of the present invention, the check valve that opens only in the direction from the lower part to the upper part in the storage container is disposed in the communication path located between the pressurized evaporator and the upper part of the storage container. Therefore, the natural gas existing in the upper space of the storage container is prevented from flowing to the bypass passage, and the pressure drop in the upper space of the storage container can be suppressed.

請求項６記載の発明によれば、貯蔵容器は、密閉した内側容器及び外側容器からなり、その間が減圧されているため、いわゆる「魔法瓶構造」となり、極低温で貯蔵される液化天然ガスの気化を抑制することができる。
請求項７記載の発明によれば、加圧蒸発器及び気化器にエンジン冷却水が循環されるため、ここに供給された液化天然ガスを効率的に気化させることができる。 According to the sixth aspect of the present invention, the storage container is composed of a sealed inner container and an outer container, and the pressure between them is reduced, so that a so-called “magic bottle structure” is formed, and vaporization of liquefied natural gas stored at a cryogenic temperature is achieved. Can be suppressed.
According to the seventh aspect of the invention, the engine cooling water is circulated through the pressurized evaporator and the vaporizer, so that the liquefied natural gas supplied thereto can be efficiently vaporized.

以下、添付された図面を参照して本発明を詳述する。
図１は、本発明を具現化した天然ガス供給装置の一実施形態を示す。
液化天然ガスを貯蔵する貯蔵容器１０には、下部と上部とを連通する連通路１２が接続される。連通路１２には、貯蔵容器１０の下部から上部へと向かう方向に、開閉弁１４，エンジン冷却水が循環される加圧蒸発器１６，この方向にのみ開弁する逆止弁１８及び開閉弁２０が夫々配設される。ここで、開閉弁１４及び２０としては、エンジン停止中に貯蔵容器１０を密閉して液化天然ガスの気化を抑制すべく、エンジン始動に連動して開弁する常閉式電磁弁を利用することができる。 Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings.
FIG. 1 shows an embodiment of a natural gas supply apparatus embodying the present invention.
A communication passage 12 that connects the lower part and the upper part is connected to the storage container 10 that stores the liquefied natural gas. The communication path 12 includes an on-off valve 14, a pressure evaporator 16 through which engine coolant is circulated in a direction from the lower part to the upper part of the storage container 10, a check valve 18 and an on-off valve that opens only in this direction. 20 are arranged respectively. Here, as the on-off valves 14 and 20, a normally-closed solenoid valve that opens in conjunction with engine start-up is used to seal the storage container 10 while the engine is stopped and to suppress vaporization of liquefied natural gas. it can.

一方、貯蔵容器１０の下部に接続された払出通路２２には、２つの開閉弁２４及び２６，エンジン冷却水が循環される気化器２８並びに一時貯蔵容器３０がこの順番で夫々配設される。ここで、２つの開閉弁２４及び２６としては、エンジン停止中に貯蔵容器１０から液化天然ガスが漏出することを確実に防止すべく二重化されたものであって、エンジン始動に連動して開弁する常閉式電磁弁を利用することができる。また、気化器２８は、エンジン冷却水を利用して、液化天然ガスを気化させて天然ガスを生成する。さらに、一時貯蔵容器３０は、エンジンの過渡運転時における燃料供給を担保すべく、気化器２８により生成された天然ガスを一時的に貯蔵すると共に、その周壁に形成された供給口からエンジンへと天然ガスを供給する。   On the other hand, in the discharge passage 22 connected to the lower part of the storage container 10, two on-off valves 24 and 26, a vaporizer 28 through which engine coolant is circulated, and a temporary storage container 30 are arranged in this order. Here, the two on-off valves 24 and 26 are doubled in order to surely prevent the liquefied natural gas from leaking from the storage container 10 while the engine is stopped, and are opened in conjunction with the engine start. A normally closed solenoid valve can be used. Moreover, the vaporizer | carburetor 28 produces | generates a natural gas by vaporizing a liquefied natural gas using engine cooling water. Further, the temporary storage container 30 temporarily stores the natural gas generated by the carburetor 28 in order to ensure the fuel supply during the transient operation of the engine, and from the supply port formed in the peripheral wall to the engine. Supply natural gas.

かかる天然ガス供給装置において、エンジン始動に連動して開閉弁１４，２０，２４及び２６が夫々開弁すると、貯蔵容器１０に貯蔵された液化天然ガスが加圧蒸発器１６に供給される。そして、加圧蒸発器１６において、エンジン冷却水を利用して液化天然ガスが効率的に気化されて天然ガスとなり、これが逆止弁１８を通過して貯蔵容器１０の上部へと供給される。このため、貯蔵容器１０に貯蔵された液化天然ガスは、その上部へと供給された天然ガスの圧力で払出通路２２へと押し出され、気化器２８に供給される。気化器２８において、エンジン冷却水を利用して液化天然ガスが効率的に気化されて天然ガスとなり、これが一時貯蔵容器３０を経てエンジンへと供給される。   In such a natural gas supply device, when the on-off valves 14, 20, 24 and 26 are opened in conjunction with engine startup, the liquefied natural gas stored in the storage container 10 is supplied to the pressurized evaporator 16. In the pressurized evaporator 16, the liquefied natural gas is efficiently vaporized using engine cooling water to become natural gas, which passes through the check valve 18 and is supplied to the upper portion of the storage container 10. For this reason, the liquefied natural gas stored in the storage container 10 is pushed out to the discharge passage 22 by the pressure of the natural gas supplied to the upper portion thereof and supplied to the vaporizer 28. In the carburetor 28, the liquefied natural gas is efficiently vaporized using engine cooling water to become natural gas, which is supplied to the engine via the temporary storage container 30.

本発明の特徴として、加圧蒸発器１６と貯蔵容器１０の上部、具体的には、加圧蒸発器１６と逆止弁１８との間に位置する連通路１２から分岐し一時貯蔵容器３０へと至るバイパス通路３２には、その流路を絞って圧力を低下させる絞り弁３４及び電子制御可能な電磁開閉弁３６が夫々配設される。また、天然ガス供給装置の制御系として、貯蔵容器１０には、その上部空間内の圧力ｐを検出する圧力計３８が取り付けられると共に、加圧蒸発器１６には、液化天然ガスの水位Ｌを検出する水位計４０が取り付けられる。そして、圧力計３８及び水位計４０の出力信号は、コンピュータを内蔵したコントロールユニット４２へと入力され、そのＲＯＭ（Read Only Memory）などに記憶された制御プログラムにより電磁開閉弁３６が適宜制御される。なお、絞り弁３４及び電磁開閉弁３６の位置関係は、図示の逆であってもよい。   As a feature of the present invention, an upper portion of the pressurized evaporator 16 and the storage container 10, specifically, a branch from the communication passage 12 located between the pressurized evaporator 16 and the check valve 18 is branched to the temporary storage container 30. In the bypass passage 32, a throttle valve 34 for reducing the pressure by restricting the flow path and an electronically controllable electromagnetic opening / closing valve 36 are provided. As a control system for the natural gas supply device, a pressure gauge 38 for detecting the pressure p in the upper space is attached to the storage container 10, and a water level L of liquefied natural gas is set to the pressurized evaporator 16. A water level gauge 40 to be detected is attached. The output signals of the pressure gauge 38 and the water level gauge 40 are input to a control unit 42 incorporating a computer, and the electromagnetic on-off valve 36 is appropriately controlled by a control program stored in a ROM (Read Only Memory) or the like. . The positional relationship between the throttle valve 34 and the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 36 may be the reverse of the illustration.

図２は、コントロールユニット４２において、エンジン始動を契機として繰り返し実行される制御プログラムの処理内容を示す。
ステップ１（図では「Ｓ１」と略記する。以下同様）では、圧力計３８から貯蔵容器１０の上部空間内の圧力ｐを読み込む。
ステップ２では、圧力ｐが所定圧力未満であるか否かを判定する。ここで、所定圧力は、貯蔵容器１０の上部空間に存在する天然ガスの圧力により液化天然ガスを気化器２８に供給できるか否かを判定するための閾値であって、例えば、エンジンが最大出力で運転されるときに必要とする天然ガス流量を確保可能な値に設定される。そして、圧力ｐが所定圧力未満であればステップ３へと進む一方（Ｙｅｓ）、圧力ｐが所定圧力以上であればステップ１へと戻る（Ｎｏ）。 FIG. 2 shows the processing contents of a control program that is repeatedly executed in the control unit 42 when the engine is started.
In Step 1 (abbreviated as “S1” in the figure, the same applies hereinafter), the pressure p in the upper space of the storage container 10 is read from the pressure gauge 38.
In step 2, it is determined whether or not the pressure p is less than a predetermined pressure. Here, the predetermined pressure is a threshold value for determining whether or not the liquefied natural gas can be supplied to the vaporizer 28 by the pressure of the natural gas existing in the upper space of the storage container 10. It is set to a value that can secure the flow rate of natural gas required when the vehicle is operated at. If the pressure p is less than the predetermined pressure, the process proceeds to step 3 (Yes), while if the pressure p is equal to or higher than the predetermined pressure, the process returns to step 1 (No).

ステップ３では、電磁開閉弁３６を開弁させる。
ステップ４では、水位計４０から加圧蒸発器１６における液化天然ガスの水位Ｌを読み込む。
ステップ５では、水位Ｌが所定値以上であるか否かを判定する。ここで、所定値は、水位Ｌを介して加圧蒸発器１６に貯蔵容器１０から液化天然ガスが供給されているか否かを間接的に判定するための閾値であって、例えば、加圧蒸発器１６の性能に応じて適宜設定される。そして、水位Ｌが所定値以上であればステップ６へと進む一方（Ｙｅｓ）、水位Ｌが所定値未満であればステップ４へと戻る（Ｎｏ）。 In step 3, the electromagnetic on-off valve 36 is opened.
In step 4, the water level L of the liquefied natural gas in the pressurized evaporator 16 is read from the water level meter 40.
In step 5, it is determined whether or not the water level L is greater than or equal to a predetermined value. Here, the predetermined value is a threshold value for indirectly determining whether or not the liquefied natural gas is supplied from the storage container 10 to the pressurized evaporator 16 through the water level L. It is appropriately set according to the performance of the device 16. And if the water level L is more than a predetermined value, while progressing to step 6 (Yes), if the water level L is less than a predetermined value, it will return to step 4 (No).

ステップ６では、電磁開閉弁３６を閉弁させる。
かかる天然ガス供給装置によれば、貯蔵容器１０に貯蔵される液化天然ガスの消費に伴ってその液面が低下し、上部空間内の圧力ｐが所定圧力未満になると、加圧蒸発器１６へ液化天然ガスを供給することが困難になったと判断して、バイパス通路３２に配設された電磁開閉弁３６が開弁される。電磁開閉弁３６が開弁されると、加圧蒸発器１６と逆止弁１８との間に位置する連通路１２内に存在する天然ガスは、絞り弁３４によりその圧力が低下されつつ、バイパス通路３２を通過して一時貯蔵容器３０へと流れ出す。このため、加圧蒸発器１６と逆止弁１８との間に位置する連通路１２内の圧力が低下し、貯蔵容器１０に貯蔵された液化天然ガスが吸引されて加圧蒸発器１６へと供給される。 In step 6, the electromagnetic opening / closing valve 36 is closed.
According to such a natural gas supply device, when the liquid level of the liquefied natural gas stored in the storage container 10 decreases and the pressure p in the upper space becomes less than a predetermined pressure, the pressure evaporator 16 is supplied. When it is determined that it has become difficult to supply liquefied natural gas, the electromagnetic on-off valve 36 disposed in the bypass passage 32 is opened. When the electromagnetic on-off valve 36 is opened, the natural gas present in the communication passage 12 located between the pressurized evaporator 16 and the check valve 18 is bypassed while its pressure is reduced by the throttle valve 34. It passes through the passage 32 and flows out to the temporary storage container 30. For this reason, the pressure in the communication path 12 located between the pressurized evaporator 16 and the check valve 18 decreases, and the liquefied natural gas stored in the storage container 10 is sucked into the pressurized evaporator 16. Supplied.

従って、貯蔵容器１０に貯蔵された液化天然ガスは、重力を利用しなくとも加圧蒸発器１６へと吸引されるため、貯蔵容器１０に対する加圧蒸発器１６の配設位置の制約を緩和させることができる。このため、レイアウト的に厳しい車両であっても、液化天然ガスを搭載することが可能となり、例えば、走行可能距離を伸ばすことができる。
一方、電磁開閉弁３６を開弁させることで、加圧蒸発器１６に液化天然ガスが供給され始めると、加圧蒸発器１６による液化天然ガスの気化が可能となるので、電磁開閉弁３６が閉弁される。このため、電磁開閉弁３６の開弁時間が短くなり、一時貯蔵容器３０内の天然ガスの圧力低下を抑制することができる。このとき、連通路１２に逆止弁１８が配設されているため、貯蔵容器１０の上部空間に存在する天然ガスがバイパス通路３２へと流れることが防止され、貯蔵容器１０の上部空間内の圧力低下を抑制することができる。 Therefore, since the liquefied natural gas stored in the storage container 10 is sucked into the pressure evaporator 16 without using gravity, the restriction of the arrangement position of the pressure evaporator 16 with respect to the storage container 10 is relaxed. be able to. For this reason, even if the vehicle is strict in terms of layout, it is possible to mount liquefied natural gas, and for example, it is possible to increase the travelable distance.
On the other hand, when the liquefied natural gas starts to be supplied to the pressurized evaporator 16 by opening the electromagnetic on-off valve 36, the liquefied natural gas can be vaporized by the pressurized evaporator 16, and the electromagnetic on-off valve 36 The valve is closed. For this reason, the valve opening time of the electromagnetic on-off valve 36 is shortened, and the pressure drop of the natural gas in the temporary storage container 30 can be suppressed. At this time, since the check valve 18 is disposed in the communication passage 12, natural gas existing in the upper space of the storage container 10 is prevented from flowing to the bypass passage 32, and the inside of the upper space of the storage container 10 is A pressure drop can be suppressed.

なお、貯蔵容器１０としては、良好な断熱性を確保すべく、密閉した内側容器及び外側容器からなり、内側容器と外側容器との間が減圧されていることが望ましい。このようにすれば、貯蔵容器１０は、いわゆる「魔法瓶構造」となり、極低温で貯蔵される液化天然ガスの気化を抑制することができる。また、加圧蒸発器１６に貯蔵容器１０から液化天然ガスが供給されているか否かを判定するために、水位計４０の代わりに加圧蒸発器１６の温度Ｔを検出する温度計を取り付け、その温度Ｔが所定温度未満となったときに、液化天然ガスが供給されていると判定するようにしてもよい。   In addition, as the storage container 10, in order to ensure favorable heat insulation, it is desirable that the storage container 10 includes a sealed inner container and an outer container, and the space between the inner container and the outer container is reduced. If it does in this way, the storage container 10 will be what is called a "magic bottle structure", and can suppress vaporization of the liquefied natural gas stored at cryogenic temperature. In addition, in order to determine whether or not liquefied natural gas is being supplied from the storage container 10 to the pressurized evaporator 16, a thermometer that detects the temperature T of the pressurized evaporator 16 is attached instead of the water level gauge 40, You may make it determine with the liquefied natural gas being supplied when the temperature T becomes less than predetermined temperature.

本発明を具現化した天然ガス供給装置の全体構成図Overall configuration diagram of a natural gas supply apparatus embodying the present invention 制御プログラムの処理内容を示すフローチャートFlow chart showing processing contents of control program

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１０ 貯蔵容器
１２ 連通路
１６ 加圧蒸発器
１８ 逆止弁
２８ 気化器
３０ 一時貯蔵容器
３２ バイパス通路
３４ 絞り弁
３６ 電磁開閉弁
３８ 圧力計
４０ 水位計
４２ コントロールユニット DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Storage container 12 Communication path 16 Pressure evaporator 18 Check valve 28 Vaporizer 30 Temporary storage container 32 Bypass path 34 Throttle valve 36 Electromagnetic on-off valve 38 Pressure gauge 40 Water level gauge 42 Control unit

Claims (7)

液化天然ガスを貯蔵する貯蔵容器と、
前記貯蔵容器内の下部と上部とを連通する連通路に配設された加圧蒸発器と、
前記貯蔵容器に貯蔵された液化天然ガスを気化させて天然ガスを生成する気化器と、
前記気化器により生成された天然ガスを一時的に貯蔵すると共に、該天然ガスの供給口が形成された一時貯蔵容器と、
前記加圧蒸発器と貯蔵容器上部との間に位置する連通路から分岐し前記一時貯蔵容器へと至るバイパス通路に配設された絞り弁と、
前記バイパス通路に配設された電子制御可能な開閉弁と、
前記貯蔵容器の上部空間内の圧力を検出する圧力検出手段と、
前記圧力検出手段により検出された圧力が所定圧力未満となったときに、前記開閉弁を開弁させる制御手段と、
を含んで構成されたことを特徴とする天然ガス供給装置。 A storage container for storing liquefied natural gas;
A pressurized evaporator disposed in a communication path that connects the lower part and the upper part in the storage container;
A vaporizer that vaporizes the liquefied natural gas stored in the storage container to produce natural gas;
A temporary storage container in which natural gas generated by the vaporizer is temporarily stored and a supply port for the natural gas is formed;
A throttle valve disposed in a bypass passage that branches from the communication passage located between the pressurized evaporator and the upper portion of the storage container and leads to the temporary storage container;
An electronically controllable on-off valve disposed in the bypass passage;
Pressure detecting means for detecting the pressure in the upper space of the storage container;
Control means for opening the on-off valve when the pressure detected by the pressure detection means is less than a predetermined pressure;
A natural gas supply device comprising: 前記加圧蒸発器に液化天然ガスが供給されているか否かを判定する判定手段をさらに備え、
前記制御手段は、前記開閉弁を開弁させた後、前記判定手段により加圧蒸発器に液化天然ガスが供給されていると判定されたときに、前記開閉弁を閉弁させることを特徴とする請求項１記載の天然ガス供給装置。 A determination means for determining whether or not liquefied natural gas is supplied to the pressurized evaporator;
The control means opens the on-off valve and then closes the on-off valve when the judging means determines that liquefied natural gas is supplied to the pressurized evaporator. The natural gas supply device according to claim 1. 前記加圧蒸発器における液化天然ガスの水位を検出する水位検出手段をさらに備え、
前記判定手段は、前記水位検出手段により検出された水位が所定値以上になったときに、前記加圧蒸発器に液化天然ガスが供給されていると判定することを特徴とする請求項２記載の天然ガス供給装置。 A water level detecting means for detecting the level of liquefied natural gas in the pressurized evaporator;
The said determination means determines that the liquefied natural gas is supplied to the said pressurized evaporator when the water level detected by the said water level detection means becomes more than predetermined value. Natural gas supply equipment. 前記加圧蒸発器の温度を検出する温度検出手段をさらに備え、
前記判定手段は、前記温度検出手段により検出された温度が所定温度未満になったときに、前記加圧蒸発器に液化天然ガスが供給されていると判定することを特徴とする請求項２記載の天然ガス供給装置。 A temperature detecting means for detecting the temperature of the pressurized evaporator;
The said determination means determines that liquefied natural gas is supplied to the said pressurization evaporator, when the temperature detected by the said temperature detection means becomes less than predetermined temperature. Natural gas supply equipment. 前記加圧蒸発器と貯蔵容器上部との間に位置する連通路には、前記貯蔵容器内の下部から上部へと向かう方向にのみ開弁する逆止弁がさらに配設されたことを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項４のいずれか１つに記載の天然ガス供給装置。   The communication passage located between the pressurized evaporator and the upper part of the storage container is further provided with a check valve that opens only in the direction from the lower part to the upper part in the storage container. The natural gas supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 4. 前記貯蔵容器は、密閉した内側容器及び外側容器からなり、該内側容器と外側容器との間が減圧されていることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項５のいずれか１つに記載の天然ガス供給装置。   The natural container according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the storage container is composed of a sealed inner container and an outer container, and a pressure is reduced between the inner container and the outer container. Gas supply device. 前記加圧蒸発器及び気化器には、夫々、エンジン冷却水が循環されることを特徴とする請求項１〜請求項６のいずれか１つに記載の天然ガス供給装置。   The natural gas supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein engine cooling water is circulated in each of the pressurized evaporator and the vaporizer.
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