JP2009078333A - Surface broaching machine and surface broaching method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a surface broaching machine capable of eliminating the need of measurements and manual inputs such as correction value inputs by an operator many times during the machining by correcting the fall and twist of a ram due to thermal displacement and the displacement of each ball screw including extension and retraction in the machining of a workpiece even if a requested accuracy is achieved by an initial trial workpiece. <P>SOLUTION: A pair of displacement sensors 11a, 11b secured to the left and right front ends of a longitudinal table 7 and a pair of base levels 12a, 12b on which displacement sensors 11a, 11b secured to the left and right front surfaces of a column 1 abut are installed at the same height as the workpiece. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a surf s broaching method and a surf s broaching machine for processing a workpiece with a broach cutting tool.

In conventional surf s broaching, roughing, intermediate machining, and finishing are performed once a workpiece is set on a jig, and continuously processed over a long period of time until completion of all process machining. For workpieces that have been processed, extremely strict processing accuracy is required. The required machining accuracy is high, there are many machining points, and the machining time is also long. Therefore, measures for thermal displacement of the mechanical system are indispensable for machining the workpiece with the required accuracy and efficiency. Met. When performing a surf s broaching process on a workpiece using a conventional surf s broaching machine excluding the pair of displacement sensors and the pair of reference surfaces shown in FIG. 1, the table for fixing the workpiece is a ram shaft. On the other hand, due to the presence of driving devices such as left / right shift, front / rear shift, and rotation, the machining surface is considerably above the machine body mounting surface of the table. Thus, since it is arranged only on the right surface and is not symmetrically mounted, the thermal displacement of the machine by the reducer is not symmetrical. Therefore, the broach blade and table position due to changes in machine dimensions such as tilting and twisting due to thermal displacement of the ram, the machine is stopped at the machining time and the number of machining times, etc., and the operator measures the table position each time and manually It was necessary to perform operations such as correction input and maintaining machining accuracy.
Japanese Patent No. 3330722

  As a conventional surf s broaching processing procedure, a prototype workpiece is first processed to a desired accuracy as a basic processing procedure. The processing to the desired accuracy of the prototype workpiece is first performed many times to obtain the required accuracy from rough machining, intermediate machining and finishing machining of the prototype workpiece. After that, all the processed products were processed. With the conventional method, even if the required accuracy is achieved with the first prototype workpiece, the workpiece can be processed as required by subsequent tilting, twisting, and expansion / contraction of each ball screw due to thermal displacement of the ram during product processing of the workpiece. Therefore, manual input by the operator, such as measurement during machining and correction value input, is necessary many times, and the working efficiency of the machine becomes very low. It was also necessary to consider entering the room. In addition, although patent document 1 has description of correction | amendment of the amount of thermal displacement regarding the processing method by a horizontal machining center, it cannot apply to broaching.

  The problem of the present invention is made to solve the problems of the related art, and even if the required accuracy is obtained in the first prototype work, in the subsequent machining of the product that is the workpiece, it is due to the thermal displacement of the ram. In order to correct the displacement including tilting, twisting, and expansion / contraction of each ball screw, manual input by the operator, such as measurement during correction and input of correction values, is required to process the workpiece as required. An object of the present invention is to provide a surf s broaching method and a surf s broach machine.

For this reason, the first invention of the present invention includes a column and a base fixed to the machine body, a ram supported so as to be reciprocable by the column, and one or more rows of broaching blades fixed to the ram, and a base In the surf s broaching machine, in which the front and rear tables supported so as to be able to move back and forth, the left and right tables supported so as to be able to move left and right, and the rotary table supported so as to be able to rotate, A pair of reference planes to which the pair of displacement sensors fixed to the left and right front surfaces and the displacement sensor fixed to the left and right front surfaces of the column and the front and rear table left and right ends are attached at the same height as the workpiece, respectively. The problem of the conventional product described above was solved by providing a surf s broaching machine.
The second invention of the present invention fixes a plurality of rows of broaching tools including roughing, intermediate machining and finishing to a ram, and processes a prototype workpiece mounted at the same position as the workpiece with desired accuracy. A pair of displacement sensors attached to the ram or table at the end position individually measure the amount of forward displacement on the left and right of the table for each broach row, and use that value as a reference value in the memory in the numerical controller. Next, the advance displacement amount obtained by averaging the left and right advance displacement amounts is stored in the memory as a machining reference advance displacement amount, and then the workpiece is mounted at the same position as the prototype workpiece, and each broach row A surf-s broach characterized in that each front and rear table is advanced to the machining reference forward displacement amount stored individually in the memory and the broaching of the workpiece is performed for each broach row It has solved the problems of the conventional products described above by providing a factory method.

  In the first or second aspect of the present invention, a pair of displacement sensors fixed to the front left and right front ends of the front and rear tables or the front left and right front of the column and a pair of reference surfaces to which the displacement sensors fixed to the front left and right front sides of the column and the front left and right front ends When the required accuracy is achieved in the first prototype workpiece, the displacement including the tilting, twisting, and expansion / contraction of each ball screw due to the thermal displacement of the ram can be detected by the configuration in which each is mounted at the same height as the workpiece. It is captured as the longitudinal displacement between the left and right front ends and the front left and right of the column, and in the subsequent processing of the product that is the work piece, the displacement including the ram thermal displacement, torsion, and expansion and contraction of each ball screw is moved forward and backward. Since it can be corrected as a machining reference forward displacement amount that averages the displacement amount, in order to machine the workpiece as required, measurement during the machining is repeated many times and correction value input Workers due was intended to provide a surf S. broaching method and Surf S. broaching machine that does not require manual input.

  Preferably, after the workpiece has been broached a preset number of times, the left and right forward displacements of the table for each individual broach row with the pair of displacement sensors attached to the ram or table at the machining end position. The amount is individually measured, and the value is individually stored in a memory in the numerical controller as a reference value.Next, the forward displacement amount obtained by averaging the left and right forward displacement amounts is used as the thermal displacement correction reference forward displacement amount. By storing in the memory, and then moving the front and rear tables for each individual broach row up to the thermal displacement correction advance displacement amount individually stored in the memory, and performing broaching of the work piece for each individual broach row In order to process the workpiece after the preset number of times continuously and automatically as required, manual measurement by the operator, input of correction values, etc. It was intended to provide a surf S. broaching method that does not require power.

  An example of the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a schematic front perspective view of a surfs broaching machine according to an embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 2 is a reference pair of a pair of displacement sensors fixed to the front left and right front ends of the front and rear tables and a pair of displacement sensors fixed to the front left and right columns. It is the top view which attached the surface to the position of the same height as a work piece, respectively, and shows the position which the left and right tables moved to the position in a plurality of rows of broaching tools including for roughing, medium processing and finishing. FIG. 3 shows an example in which a displacement sensor is mounted on the ram side. A pair of reference surfaces against which a displacement sensor fixed to the left and right front surfaces of the column and a pair of displacement sensors fixed to the left and right front ends of the front and rear tables are respectively processed. It is the top view attached to the position of the same height as a thing, and shows the position which the left and right tables moved to the plural rows of broaching tool positions including roughing, middle processing, and finishing. FIG. 4 is a schematic control block diagram of the front and rear table position numerical control of the surf s broach processing method of the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is a rough processing during trial processing of the surf s broach processing method of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows the first half of the flow chart for storing the thermal displacement reference data of the front and rear tables at the machining and finishing positions, FIG. 6 shows the second half following FIG. 5, and FIG. 7 shows the setting of the surface broaching method according to the embodiment of the present invention in advance. The workpiece is broached as many times as needed, and then the left and right forward displacements of the front and rear tables are individually measured at the machining end position, and the values are individually stored in the memory in the numerical controller as reference values. FIG. 8 shows the first half of a flowchart for storing the next forward displacement amount obtained by averaging the left and right forward displacement amounts in the memory as a thermal displacement correction reference forward displacement amount. It shows the rear half portion.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the surf s broaching machine according to the embodiment of the present invention is fixed to a column 1 and a base 18 fixed to a machine main body 20, and to a ram 2 and a ram 2 supported so as to be able to reciprocate on the column 1. Three rows of broaching blades 3a, 3b, 3c (which may be one row) and a front / rear table 7 supported on the base 18 so as to be movable back and forth, and left and right supported so as to be movable left and right In the surf broaching machine in which the table 9 and the turntable 10 supported so as to be able to rotate are sequentially stacked, in FIG. 1, the front and rear tables 7 are fixed to the left and right front ends (column 1 may be fixed to the front left and right). Sensors 11a and 11b and column 1 A pair of reference surfaces 12a and 12b fixed to the left and right front surfaces (may be fixed to the left and right front ends of the front and rear tables) and contacted by the displacement sensors 11a and 11b are the same height as the workpiece It is attached at the position. 4 is a servo motor for starting the ram 2, 5 is a speed reducer for driving the ram, 6 is a servo motor for shifting the front and rear tables, 8 is a servo motor for shifting the left and right tables, and 11 is a rotary table.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the surf s broaching machine according to the embodiment of the present invention covers a pair of reference surfaces to which a pair of displacement sensors fixed to the front left and right front ends and a displacement sensor fixed to the front left and right sides of the column respectively contact. When the required accuracy is obtained in the first prototype workpiece due to the configuration mounted at the same height as the workpiece, the displacement including the ram thermal displacement, torsion, torsion, and expansion and contraction of each ball screw, It is captured as the longitudinal displacement between the left and right front of the column, and in the subsequent product processing, the displacement including the ram thermal displacement, torsion, and the expansion and contraction of each ball screw, Since it can be corrected as the average machining reference forward displacement, manual measurement by the operator, such as measurement during the machining and input of a correction value, in order to machine the workpiece as required The was intended to provide a surf S. broaching method and Surf S. broaching machine that does not require.

  As shown in FIGS. 1, 2, 4 to 6, in the surf s broaching method according to the embodiment of the present invention, three rows of broach blades 3 a, 3 b, 3 c are fixed to the ram 2. Regarding the processing procedure, as a basic processing procedure, first, a one-groove prototype workpiece mounted at the same position as the workpiece (not shown) is processed with desired accuracy for both shape and dimension determination. The processing of the prototype workpiece is processed in one process from rough to finish. Therefore, many attempts are made to obtain the required accuracy. After that, all processes are processed with prototype workpieces. At the machining end position where the prototype workpiece was machined to the desired accuracy, a pair of displacement sensors 11a, 11b and a column fixed to the left and right front ends of the front and rear table 7 are attached at the same height as the workpiece in FIG. 1Measure the amount of forward displacement of the front and rear table individually for each broach row using a pair of reference surfaces 12a and 12b, which are contacted by displacement sensors 11a and 11b fixed on the left and right front surfaces. The amount of advance displacement obtained by averaging the left and right advance displacement amounts is stored and stored in the memory 25 as a machining reference advance displacement amount. Regarding the attachment of the displacement sensor, the displacement sensor may be attached to the table side or the displacement sensor may be attached to the ram side. When mounting the displacement sensor on the table side, it is desirable to mount it at a symmetrical position from the machining position. When the displacement sensor is mounted on the ram side, the constants for calculating the table advance position are different depending on the dimensional ratio with each broach row, and the proportional calculation is performed based on the respective dimensional ratios. Regarding the mounting height of the displacement sensor, it is desirable to mount it at the same position as the height center of the workpiece to be processed. As for the input from the displacement sensor, the position data is respectively stored in the memory in the numerical control by an appropriate input device such as an analog input or a digital input.

FIG. 2 shows, as an example, a case where a pair of reference planes which are contacted by a pair of displacement sensors fixed to the front left and right front ends of the front and rear tables and a displacement sensor fixed to the front left and right sides of the column are mounted at the same height as the workpiece. These figures show the positions where the left and right tables have moved to a plurality of rows of broach cutting tool positions including those for roughing, intermediate machining and finishing. a is when cutting with the left broach, b is when cutting with the center broach, and c is one example of the left and right displacement sensors and workpiece when cutting with the right broach. Indicates the processing position.
The machining reference forward displacement amount, which is a correction amount at each machining, is rough machining (A1), intermediate machining (B1), and finishing machining (C1), and each reference value data stored at the time of trial workpiece machining is rough machining (X1 .X11), intermediate machining (Y1.Y11), and finishing machining (Z1.Z11). () Indicates (left.right).
A1 = (X1 + X11) / 2
B1 = (Y1 + Y11) / 2
C1 = (Z1 + Z11) / 2
It becomes. Thereafter, a workpiece (not shown) is mounted at the same position as the prototype workpiece, and the front and rear table 7 is moved forward to the above-mentioned machining reference forward displacement amount individually stored in the memory for each broach row 3a, 3b, 3c. For each broach row, broaching of the workpiece is performed.

  FIG. 3 shows an example in which a displacement sensor is mounted on the ram side. A pair of reference surfaces against which a displacement sensor fixed to the left and right front surfaces of the column and a pair of displacement sensors fixed to the left and right front ends of the front and rear tables are respectively processed. It is the top view attached to the position of the same height as a thing, and shows the position which the left and right tables moved to the position in a plurality of rows of broach cutting tools including those for rough machining, medium machining and finishing machining. a is the cutting position of the workpiece when cutting with the left broach, b is the cutting with the center broach, and c is the cutting position of each workpiece when cutting with the right broach.

FIG. 4 is a schematic control block diagram of numerical control of the front and rear table positions of the front and rear tables of the surf s broaching method according to the embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 5 is rough at the time of trial production of the surf s broach processing method of the embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 shows the first half of the flowchart for storing the thermal displacement reference data of the front and rear tables of the machining, intermediate machining and finishing machining positions, and FIG. 6 shows the latter half following FIG.
Step 1 Start Step 2 Whether roughing has been completed (conditional branch)
Step 3 Is medium machining completed (conditional branch)?
Step 4 Finishing is completed (conditional branch)
Step 5 Loosen the left and right table lock Step 6 Move the left and right table to the roughing position Step 7 Loosen the left and right table lock Step 8 Move the left and right table to the middle machining position Step 9 Loosen the left and right table lock Step 10 Left and right table Step 11 Tighten the locks on the left and right tables Step 12 Advance the front and rear tables Step 13 Tighten the front and rear table locks Step 14 The displacement sensor reads the data on the left and right tables individually Step 15 Step 16 Store the ram at a predetermined memory address
Step 17 Loosen the front / rear table lock Step 18 Retract the front / rear table. Then, return to Step 2 and repeat Steps 5 to 18 for intermediate machining and finishing.
Step 19 END

FIG. 7 shows the measurement of the forward and leftward displacements of the front and rear tables individually at the processing end position after broaching the workpiece for a preset number of times in the surf broaching method of the embodiment of the present invention. The value is individually stored in a memory in the numerical controller as a reference value, and then the forward displacement amount obtained by averaging the left and right forward displacement amounts is stored in the memory as a thermal displacement correction reference forward displacement amount. 8 shows the first half, and FIG. 8 shows the second half following FIG. Check the amount of advancement of the workpiece when the front / rear table at the time of machining is positioned at the advance position because the preset work amount correction amount check counter or the machining time has reached the set value. The data is stored in a predetermined memory storage location in the control device.
7 and 8, as an example, when the rough correction amount check counter (CC1) is set to 20 times, and the number of times reaches 20 times, the displacement when the front and rear tables being processed are positioned at the advance position. The front / rear table advance position data in the rough machining measured by the sensor is (X2.X12). In this case, the thermal displacement correction reference advance displacement amount, which is the front and rear table advance correction amount data in the next rough machining,
A1 = {(X2-X1) + (X12-X11)} / 2.
At the next machining, positioning numerical value data for forward / backward table advancement is calculated from the correction data and executed. Thereafter, every time the number of times of machining is reached, front / rear table advance correction data for each process is calculated, and positioning numerical value data for the front / rear table advance is calculated and executed based on the correction data. In this way, measurement is performed with a displacement sensor during machining of a prototype workpiece, and the stored table advance reference position is measured at the same measurement location with the same displacement sensor and corrected even during product workpiece processing. Calculate the value. By providing the counters separately from the roughing process (CC1), the intermediate process (CC2), and the finishing process (CC3), it is possible to calculate a fine correction amount according to the required processing accuracy. In this method, the dimensional management such as zero set of the displacement sensor does not have to be strictly managed with accuracy, and does not become a burden of the management work method. In addition, since measurement is performed separately on the left and right, even a large table can cope with uneven thermal displacement caused by a speed reducer or the like. Since it can be processed in a short time even in the time required for measurement by thermal displacement, it is effective in both efficiency and accuracy.

In the flowchart of front and rear table correction position data calculation at the time of roughing the product of the present invention shown in FIGS.
Step 1 Start Step 2 Comparison of roughing correction amount check counter and set value (conditional branch)
Step 3 Advance the front / rear table Step 4 Tighten the front / rear table lock Step 5 The displacement sensor reads the data of the front / rear table individually on the left and right Step 6 Stores the data of the left and right front / rear table on a predetermined memory address Step 7 For roughing Calculation of correction amount data Step 8 Add 1 count to the rough machining correction amount check counter Step 9 Reset the rough machining correction amount check counter Step 10 Ram down (machining)
Step 11 Loosen the left and right table locks Step 12 Move the front and rear tables backward Step 13 END

After the workpiece is broached a predetermined number of times by the surf s broaching method according to the embodiment of the present invention, each broach is detected by the pair of displacement sensors attached to the ram or table at the machining end position. For each column, the left and right forward displacement amounts of the table are individually measured, the values are individually stored in the memory in the numerical controller as a reference value, and then the left and right forward displacement amounts are averaged. Is stored in the memory as the thermal displacement correction reference forward displacement amount, and then the front and rear tables are advanced to the thermal displacement correction forward displacement amount individually stored in the memory for each broach row, and automatic correction is performed. By performing broaching of the workpiece for each broach row, it is necessary for the operator to repeatedly measure and input correction values during machining to process the workpiece as required. A surface s broaching method that does not require input, increases the machining efficiency of the machine, automatically and continuously processes the workpiece after the preset number of times, and automatically processes the entire process with the required accuracy. It became something to offer.
In addition, although the surf s broaching machine and the surf s broach processing method of the Example of this invention illustrated what is called a vertical type in which a broach or a work piece moves up and down, a broach or a work piece is horizontal. The present invention can also be applied to a so-called horizontal surf s broaching machine and a surf s broaching method that move.

The schematic front perspective view of the surf es broaching machine of embodiment of this invention. A plan view in which a pair of reference surfaces, which contact a pair of displacement sensors fixed to the left and right front ends of the front and rear tables and a displacement sensor fixed to the front left and right sides of the column, are mounted at the same height as the workpiece. The positions at which the left and right tables are moved to the positions of the plurality of rows of broaching tools including those for machining and finishing are shown. An example of the case where the displacement sensor is mounted on the ram side is shown. A pair of reference surfaces on which a displacement sensor fixed to the left and right front surfaces of the column and a pair of displacement sensors fixed to the left and right front ends of the front and rear tables are the same height as the workpiece. It is the top view attached to this position, and shows the position where the left and right tables have moved to a plurality of rows of broach cutting tool positions including those for roughing, intermediate machining and finishing. The schematic control block diagram of front and rear table position numerical control of the surf s broach processing method of the example of the present invention. The front half part of the thermal displacement reference | standard data storage flowchart of the front-and-back table of the roughing process in the trial processing of the surf s broach processing method of the Example of this invention, a middle process, and a finishing process position is shown. The latter half part of the thermal displacement reference | standard data storage flowchart following FIG. 5 is shown. After performing the broaching of the workpiece for a preset number of times in the surf s broaching method of the embodiment of the present invention, at the processing end position, individually measure the left and right forward displacement amounts of the front and rear tables, A first half of a flowchart in which a value is individually stored in a memory in the numerical controller as a reference value, and then a forward displacement amount obtained by averaging the left and right forward displacement amounts is stored in the memory as a thermal displacement correction reference forward displacement amount; Show. The latter half of the flowchart following FIG. 7 is shown.

Explanation of symbols

1: Column, 2: Ram, 3a, 3b, 3c: Broach blade, 7: Front / rear table, 9: Left / right table 10: Rotating table, 11a, 11b: Displacement sensor, 12a, 12b: Reference plane, 18: Base, 20: Machine body

Claims (4)

  A column and base fixed to the machine body, a ram supported to reciprocate on the column, one or more rows of broaching blades fixed to the ram, and supported on the base to be movable back and forth. A pair of displacement sensors fixed to the left and right front ends of the front and rear tables or the front left and right sides of the column in a surf s broaching machine in which a front and rear table, a left and right table supported to move left and right and a rotary table supported to rotate And a surf broaching machine, wherein a pair of reference surfaces to which the displacement sensors fixed to the left and right front surfaces of the column and the front and rear table right and left front ends are attached at the same height as the workpiece.   Multiple rows of broaching blades including roughing, medium machining and finishing are fixed to the ram, and the prototype workpiece mounted at the same position as the workpiece is machined to the desired accuracy, and attached to the ram or table at the machining end position. In addition, a pair of displacement sensors individually measure the left and right forward displacement amounts of each table for each broach row, and individually store the values as reference values in a memory in the numerical controller. The amount of forward displacement obtained by averaging the amount of forward displacement is stored in the memory as the machining reference forward displacement amount, and then the workpiece is mounted at the same position as the prototype workpiece, and the front and rear tables are stored in the memory for each broach row. A surf broaching method characterized in that the workpiece is advanced to an individually stored machining reference forward displacement amount and broaching of a workpiece is performed for each broach row.   After performing broaching of the workpiece for a preset number of times, the left and right forward displacement amounts of the table are individually determined for each broach row by the pair of displacement sensors attached to the ram or table at the processing end position. Then, the measured value is individually stored in the memory in the numerical controller as a reference value, and then the forward displacement amount obtained by averaging the left and right forward displacement amounts is stored in the memory as a thermal displacement correction reference forward displacement amount. Then, the front and rear tables are advanced for each individual broach row to the thermal displacement correction advance displacement amount stored individually in the memory, and the workpiece is broached for each broach row. The surf s broach processing method according to claim 2. The displacement sensor according to claim 2 is mounted on the right and left of the table at substantially the same height as the work piece, and even if there are a plurality of rows of broach cutting tools by using the displacement sensor, The surface of the ram and the table is individually measured in the broach row, and the value is individually stored in a memory in the numerical controller as a reference value. Broaching method.

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