JP2009057327A - Fish-skin-derived collagen, cosmetic composition, and method for producing the fish-skin-derived collagen - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a fish-skin-derived collagen satisfactorily usable also in a cosmetic for which colorless and transparent, odorless and high-quality collagen is required. <P>SOLUTION: Provided is a collagen extracted from fish skin, characterized in that the fish skin is sturgeon skin, has a fat-and-oil content of 0.3 wt.% or less and exhibits a light transmittance at 400 nm of 85% or higher. Due to these characteristics, various functions inherent in the collagen can be efficiently imparted to a cosmetic composition, and a high-quality and high-performance cosmetic composition can be provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  TECHNICAL FIELD The present invention relates to a fish skin-derived collagen, a cosmetic composition, and a method for producing a fish skin-derived collagen, and more specifically, a collagen obtained by using a fish skin rich in collagen, and such a fish skin-derived collagen. And a method for producing such fish skin-derived collagen.

Collagen is used for various medical materials, cell culture substrates, cosmetics, quasi-drugs, pharmaceutical additives, foods, etc., especially when blended into cosmetics, it has excellent moisture retention and wrinkle prevention functions. It is known that it can function.
As a raw material for industrially producing collagen, a technique using fish skin instead of the well-known cow or pig skin has been proposed. There is no problem of BSE (bovine spongiform encephalopathy), and fish skin collagen, which is slightly different from porcine skin collagen in terms of characteristics, is required to be used in various fields. For example, in the field of cosmetics, when pork skin collagen or cow skin collagen is blended as a raw material, the moist feeling of cosmetics increases, so it is preferred in winter, but the above moist feeling is felt as sticky in summer. On the other hand, there is a disadvantage that the feeling of use is bad, but when a fish skin collagen is blended, a refreshing feeling of use is obtained, so that there is no sticky feeling even in summer and there is an advantage that the feeling of use is good.

Patent Document 1 discloses a technique for obtaining collagen from shark skin such as blue shark (Claim 2).
Patent Document 2 discloses a technique for obtaining collagen from the skin of tilapia such as Izumidai (claim 2).
JP 2003-92997 A JP 2006-28138 A

The fish skin collagen obtained by the above-described prior art has a problem peculiar to the fish species used as a raw material, and is often difficult to use especially for cosmetics.
The fish skin collagen obtained from the shark skin of Patent Document 1 has a strong odor peculiar to sharks and is difficult to use in cosmetics. The fish skin collagen obtained from the tilapia skin of Patent Document 2 also has a odor remaining, although not as much as shark skin. It has been difficult to use in cosmetics that require the use of materials with as little odor as possible for the ingredients.
In addition to this, attempts have been made to produce fish skin collagen using various fish species materials. However, as mentioned above, there are problems with fish-like odors and stagnation. There were many problems to do.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a fish skin-derived collagen that is colorless and transparent and odorless and can be sufficiently used for various uses, particularly for cosmetics that require high-quality collagen.

  The fish skin-derived collagen according to the present invention is collagen extracted from fish skin, wherein the fish skin is sturgeon skin, the fat and oil content is 0.3% by weight or less, and the light transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm. Is 85% or more.

  The fish skin-derived collagen according to the present invention becomes a high-quality fish skin-derived collagen that is colorless and transparent, has almost no odor, and is excellent in various properties by using sturgeon skin as an extraction raw material. In particular, it is suitable for use in cosmetics that dislike dust and odor.

Hereinafter, the fish skin-derived collagen according to the present invention will be described in detail. However, the scope of the present invention is not limited to these descriptions, and modifications other than the following examples are made as appropriate without departing from the spirit of the present invention. Can do.
[Sturgeon skin]
Sturgeon is a freshwater fish belonging to teleosts, and is scientifically a collective term for fish belonging to the sturgeon "Acipenseriformes". Specifically, sturgeon “Acipenser”, spatula shark “Polyodon”, white sturgeon “Acipenser transmontanus”, giant sturgeon (beluga) “huso” and the like are included. In addition, generally known sharks such as blue sharks are cartilaginous fishes and belong to the shark species. Sturgeon is an academically different fish from sharks.

Sturgeon inhabits rivers and lakes in Russia, China and North America in nature. In recent years, the cultivation of sturgeon has been industrialized in Japan. Cultured sturgeon can be used effectively as a raw material for fish skin-derived collagen.
For the skin of sturgeon, after collecting eggs (caviar) from the fish body of sturgeon or taking out edible parts such as fish meat, the skin remaining as waste can be used. Sturgeon skin has scales, but scales can be removed and used.
[Collagen extraction]
Basically, a method similar to a normal fish skin collagen production technique can be applied.

Specifically, extraction processing is performed after degreasing, pickling, alkali pickling, pulverization, and the like. Conventionally, in the production of fish scale collagen, the decalcification treatment that has been required to remove the ash contained in the fish scale is unnecessary, and the production process can be reduced.
A fish skin-derived collagen that can be used for various purposes is obtained by performing an impurity removal process, a filtration process, a concentration process, a purification process, and the like on the extract obtained by the extraction process.
[Degreasing]
A degreasing process removes the fats and oils contained in an extraction raw material. A technique common to the degreasing treatment for normal pork skin and the like can be applied.

For example, it can be performed using an organic solvent treatment solution such as ethanol or acetone, an alkali treatment solution such as sodium hydroxide or potassium hydroxide, or a surfactant treatment solution such as a nonionic surfactant. The treatment time is sufficient if the desired degreasing is sufficiently achieved. Usually, it can be set to 24 to 72 hours. The treatment temperature can be set in the range of 4 to 10 ° C.
Thereafter, the extraction raw material can be taken out from the treatment liquid, washed with water, or dried after washing with water. For these treatments, a technique common to a degreasing treatment in a normal gelatin production technique can be applied.
It is preferable that the sturgeon skin that has been degreased has a fat content of 0.3% by weight or less. More preferably, the oil content is 0.15% by weight or less. Fish skin-derived collagen obtained from an extraction raw material with a sufficiently reduced oil and fat is highly transparent and excellent in odorlessness.

[Extraction process]
Basically, the same technique as that for collagen extraction from normal pig skin or fish skin can be applied.
The sturgeon skin that has been degreased may be subjected to an extraction process as it is, or may be finely pulverized. For the pulverization treatment, pulverization with a high-speed homogenizer, freeze-drying pulverization, or the like can be applied. The particle size after pulverization can be set in the range of an average particle size of 0.1 to 1 mm.
The extraction treatment is preferably performed based on solubilization with an enzyme.
<Enzyme treatment>
In the enzyme treatment, an enzyme such as a proteolytic enzyme is added to the extraction raw material to decompose the tissue of the extraction raw material so that collagen is easily extracted. As the enzyme, pepsin, proctase, papain and the like can be used. The enzyme treatment can be performed at a temperature of 4 to 10 ° C. for 24 to 72 hours.

[Post-processing]
The extracted collagen may be recovered, for example, by a conventional physical separation means conventionally used in the production of mammal-derived collagen, and the method is not particularly limited.
Specifically, for example, the supernatant containing collagen is separated by performing centrifugation or filtration after the enzyme treatment, and sodium chloride or the like is added to the supernatant containing collagen to increase the salt concentration, or By adding sodium hydroxide or the like to adjust the pH to near neutrality, collagen can be fibrillated, and the fibrillated collagen can be recovered by centrifugation or the like.

Thereafter, if necessary, the recovered fibrillated collagen can be dissolved again in purified water and purified by fibrillation and recovery in the same manner as described above. The purification operation may be repeated a plurality of times.
[Sturgeon skin collagen]
The fish skin-derived collagen thus obtained, that is, sturgeon skin collagen, has sufficient functions as collagen and is colorless and transparent and odorless.
Specifically, the fat and oil content is 0.3% by weight or less. Preferably it is 0.15 weight% or less.

The light transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is 85% or more. Preferably it is 90 to 100%.
Such fish skin-derived collagen can be used in various applications in the same manner as normal fish gelatin or beef bone gelatin. Specific examples include foods, cosmetics, and photographs.
The fish skin-derived collagen can be supplied in the form of an aqueous solution, or can be supplied in the form of powder particles comprising a dried solid content. Collagen sponges can be produced from fish skin-derived collagen and provided for various uses.

Collagen peptides can also be produced using fish skin-derived collagen as a raw material. The collagen peptide is obtained by decomposing fish skin-derived collagen with a proteolytic enzyme. The obtained collagen peptide is highly transparent and has no odor, so that it can be effectively used for foods, drinks, cosmetics, pharmaceuticals and the like.
[Chemical modification]
Chemical modification can be applied to fish skin-derived collagen. As a specific means of chemical modification and processing conditions, a normal technology for producing chemically modified collagen is applied.
Specific examples of the chemical modification include succination, phthalation, methyl esterification and the like, and the chemical modification techniques described in JP-B-62-44522 and JP-B-5-79046 can be applied. By applying chemical modification, it can be dissolved from weakly acidic to neutral. Compatibility with various cosmetic raw materials such as hyaluronic acid and ethanol can also be improved. Chemically modified fish skin-derived collagen can be particularly suitably used for cosmetic applications and the like.

[Cosmetic composition]
Collagen derived from fish skin can be added to various cosmetics that require the properties and functions of collagen or cosmetic compositions that are intermediate products for producing cosmetics.
Examples of cosmetics include skin cosmetics, hair cosmetics, and lipsticks.
Specific examples of ingredients added to the cosmetic composition other than collagen derived from fish skin include fats and oils such as camellia oil, fatty acids such as lauric acid, alcohols such as ethanol, vitamins such as vitamin C, cysteine, etc. Examples include herbal medicines such as amino acids, aloe, animal components such as silk protein, marine components such as deep sea water, pigments, ultraviolet absorption / blocking agents, anti-inflammatory agents, humectants such as glycerin, and fragrances.

  In a known cosmetic formulation (for example, a cosmetic formulation described in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2003-327599), the fish skin-derived collagen of the present invention is blended in place of or in addition to the collagen blended therein. It is effective to keep it.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention more concretely, this invention is not limited to these Examples. Hereinafter, for convenience, “parts by weight” may be simply referred to as “parts”, “weight%” may be simply referred to as “%”, and “liter” may be simply referred to as “L”.
〔Example〕
Repeat the operation of washing 10 kg of fresh sturgeon fish skin in wet weight 3 times with water below 15 ° C., then stirring the mixture in 50 L of 10% aqueous sodium chloride solution for 24 hours and then separating the fish skin 3 times. Thus, contaminants such as blood were removed.
After removing contaminants such as blood, washing with water was performed in 20 L of ethanol at 5 ° C. for 48 hours, and then the fish skin was separated and washed with water to obtain a pretreated fish skin. The fat content remaining in the fish skin after the degreasing treatment was 0.12%.

2 kg of the pretreated fish skin by dry weight was immersed in 100 L of hydrochloric acid solution of pH 2.2 for 3 hours to expand the fish skin. Thereafter, the fish skin was crushed using a high-speed homogenizer (manufactured by Nippon Koki Co., Ltd.) under the conditions of 7000 rpm × 60 minutes, 20 g of pepsin (manufactured by Amano Enzyme) was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred with a stirrer for 48 hours. Enzyme treatment was performed by reacting. Next, the solution obtained by the enzyme treatment was continuously centrifuged under conditions of 6000 rpm × 2 L / min, and a supernatant containing soluble collagen was collected.
After adding sodium hydroxide to the obtained supernatant liquid and adjusting pH to 7.4, it centrifuged continuously on the conditions of 6000 rpm x 2 L / min, and collect | recovered crude collagen fibers. The crude collagen fibers were dissolved in 100 L of purified water, adjusted to pH 7.4, and then continuously centrifuged three times under the condition of 6000 rpm × 2 L / min, whereby the fat and oil content was 0.09 wt%. Purified collagen fibers were obtained. The obtained purified collagen fibers were prepared in a hydrochloric acid solution having a concentration of 0.3%, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (hereinafter abbreviated as “SDS-page”), amino acid analysis, and specific rotation were performed. As a result of measurement, it showed an electrophoresis pattern and amino acid analysis value peculiar to collagen, specific rotation was -398.3 °, denaturation temperature was 24.6 ° C, and the obtained purified collagen fiber retained the collagen helix structure. It was confirmed that

[Comparative example]
Repeat the operation of washing 10 kg of fresh sturgeon fish skin in wet weight 3 times with water below 15 ° C., then stirring the mixture in 50 L of 10% aqueous sodium chloride solution for 24 hours and then separating the fish skin 3 times. Thus, contaminants such as blood were removed.
After removing contaminants such as blood, washing with water was performed in 20 L of ethanol at 5 ° C. for 4 hours, and then the fish skin was separated and washed with water to obtain a pretreated fish skin. The fat content remaining in the fish skin after the degreasing treatment was 3.2%.
2 kg of the pretreated fish skin by dry weight was immersed in 100 L of hydrochloric acid solution of pH 2.2 for 3 hours to expand the fish skin. Thereafter, the fish skin was crushed using a high-speed homogenizer (manufactured by Nippon Koki Co., Ltd.) under the conditions of 7000 rpm × 60 minutes, 20 g of pepsin (manufactured by Amano Enzyme) was added thereto, and the mixture was stirred with a stirrer for 48 hours. Enzyme treatment was performed by reacting. Next, the solution obtained by the enzyme treatment was continuously centrifuged under conditions of 6000 rpm × 2 L / min, and a supernatant containing soluble collagen was collected.

  After adding sodium hydroxide to the obtained supernatant liquid and adjusting pH to 7.4, it centrifuged continuously on the conditions of 6000 rpm x 2 L / min, and collect | recovered crude collagen fibers. The crude collagen fiber was dissolved in 100 L of purified water, pH was adjusted to 7.4, and then continuously centrifuged at 6000 rpm × 2 L / min three times to obtain 2.6% by weight of fat and oil. Purified collagen fibers were obtained. The obtained purified collagen fibers were prepared in a hydrochloric acid solution having a concentration of 0.3%, and sodium dodecyl sulfate-polyacrylamide gel electrophoresis (hereinafter abbreviated as “SDS-page”), amino acid analysis, and specific rotation were performed. As a result of measurement, it showed an electrophoresis pattern and amino acid analysis value peculiar to collagen, specific rotation was −364.3 °, denaturation temperature was 24.8 ° C., and the resulting purified collagen fiber retained the collagen helix structure. It was confirmed that

[Performance evaluation test]
Light transmittance: A 0.3% collagen solution was prepared, and the transmittance for light having a wavelength of 400 nm was measured using a spectrophotometer.
Odor: A 0.3% collagen solution was prepared, and five monitors sniffed the odor and evaluated it in five stages. The larger the value, the stronger the odor.
〔Measurement result〕
Table 1 shows the test results.

[Evaluation]
When Table 1 is seen, the fish skin origin collagen of the Example manufactured by the method concerning this invention has the light transmittance in wavelength 400nm or more 85%, Comprising: The conditions which the fish skin origin collagen concerning this invention should satisfy | fill Since it is colorless and transparent and odorless, it can be suitably used in a cosmetic composition described later.
On the other hand, the collagen derived from the fish skin of the comparative example, which has not been sufficiently degreased, has a light transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm of less than 85%, and has a smell peculiar to fish, so it is used in a cosmetic composition. It is difficult to do.

[Cosmetic composition]
Using the fish skin-derived collagen of the present invention obtained in the above examples, a cosmetic composition was obtained with the formulation shown below. In addition, each numerical value which shows a compounding ratio represents weight%.
<Formulation example>
Squalane 8.0
Jojoba oil 7.0
Cetyl alcohol 1.5
Glycerol monostearate 2.0
Polyoxyethylene (20) cetyl ether 3.0
Polyoxyethylene (20) soorbitan monooleate 2.0
1,3-butylene glycol 1.0
Glycerin 2.0
Collagen fluid 10.0
Preservative (paraoxybenzoic acid ester) Appropriate amount Purified water Residue when the total amount of each component is 100

  The fish skin-derived collagen of the present invention can be used in skin cosmetics, for example, by blending it in a cosmetic composition, and thereby exhibiting a moisturizing function, an anti-wrinkle function, an anti-aging function, etc. It is possible to solve problems that are undesirable for cosmetics, such as dust and odor, which are disadvantages of the collagen derived from the collagen.

Claims (4)

Collagen extracted from fish skin,
The fish skin is sturgeon skin,
The fat and oil content is 0.3% by weight or less,
The light transmittance at a wavelength of 400 nm is 85% or more.
Collagen derived from fish skin.   The fish skin-derived collagen according to claim 1, which is chemically modified.   A cosmetic composition comprising 0.001 to 100% by weight of the whole amount of the collagen derived from the fish skin according to claim 1 or 2. A method for obtaining fish skin-derived collagen according to claim 1 or 2,
Using the skin of sturgeon as the fish skin, degreasing the fat and oil to 0.3% by weight or less (a);
A step (b) of obtaining an extract containing water-soluble collagen by performing an extraction treatment based on solubilization with an enzyme on the skin of the sturgeon after defatting;
A method for producing fish skin-derived collagen, comprising: