JP2009045556A - Scaly or strip material floating on water surface and device using the same - Google Patents
Scaly or strip material floating on water surface and device using the same Download PDFInfo
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Description
農林漁業分野、環境分野の問題解決に適した水面浮遊性新規材料と製法、装置、の利用法に関する。紙片、植物質薄片又は細片或いはそれらの炭化物等を利用し好ましくは片内部に空泡が存在するものとする。撥水性加工されている水面展張性浮遊性材料は遮光、農薬、肥効成分等の低公害性散布又は供給による除草剤、防疫、浮遊性餌浮遊性餌、魚類の誘引駆除用餌、光吸収材、水の蒸発制御、融雪材、油膜沈降防止、水面浄化材、濾過材、微生物の散布分野に有用である。しかも機能を利用の後に浮遊性を利用して容易に濾別回収できる。多様な原料と多用途利用によって廃紙、繊維、有機質ゴミ、バイオマス等の未利用資源の有効利用と紙屑、廃紙利用の機密保持、効率化をはかる。 The present invention relates to the use of new water-floating materials suitable for solving problems in agriculture, forestry and fisheries, and environmental fields, as well as manufacturing methods and equipment. Paper pieces, vegetable flakes or strips or carbides thereof are preferably used, and air bubbles are preferably present inside the pieces. Water-repellent and water-repellent floatable materials are herbicides, anti-parasitic, floating bait floating bait, bait for attracting and extinguishing fish, light absorption by shading, pesticides, fertilizing ingredients, etc. It is useful in the field of spraying materials, water evaporation control, snow melting material, oil film sedimentation prevention, water surface purification material, filter material, and microorganisms. In addition, after using the function, it can be easily collected by filtration using the floating property. By using various raw materials and versatile use, we will make effective use of unused resources such as waste paper, fiber, organic waste and biomass, and keep confidential and efficient use of waste paper and waste paper.
水田、湖沼、池、水溜り、水槽等に於て、装飾的浮遊物の取得、遮光による雑草、藻、プランクトン、等の制御、魚類、水棲生物用の日陰、土壌表面への着色紙、炭素性物の均一散布等を目的とした汎用性の浮遊性紙片、薄片状又は細片状水面浮遊物、それらの炭化物、半炭化物、熱処理した濃色浮遊性細片を得て、総合的に省力化、コストダウンする。
加えて、水面及び水底遮光による無農薬、減農薬、と同時に徐放性能を利用する薬剤散布、施肥省力化、池、湖沼、海面の藻、赤潮の制御、有害生物薬剤徐放材の対象が蚊の幼虫、蛭、有害な魚類、小動物であり得る。そして効果を発揮して駆除の後には本発明により容易に浮遊物を回収する。また水面からの水の蒸発制御、浮餌、蚊等小動物の駆除等多用途製品を多様な原料で製造し原料の多様化と用途拡大によって間伐材、下草等の未利用バイオマス資源活用をも可能にする。このために原材料調達から製造、利用、回収、再生まで総合的に安定化しコストダウンする。
In paddy fields, lakes, ponds, puddles, aquariums, etc., acquisition of decorative floats, control of weeds, algae, plankton, etc. by shading, shade for fish, aquatic organisms, colored paper on soil surface, carbon Obtain general-purpose floating paper pieces, flake-like or strip-like water surface floats, their carbides, semi-carbides, heat-treated dark-colored floating strips for the purpose of uniform dispersion of properties, etc. And cost reduction.
In addition, there are no pesticides and reduced pesticides due to shading of the water surface and bottom of the water, as well as chemical spraying that uses sustained release performance, fertilization labor saving, ponds, lakes, seaweed, red tide control, and pesticide sustained release materials. It can be mosquito larvae, moths, harmful fish, small animals. And after exhibiting an effect and exterminating, suspended matter is easily collect | recovered by this invention. In addition, versatile products such as control of water evaporation from the water surface, flotation, and the elimination of small animals such as mosquitoes can be manufactured from various raw materials, and diversified raw materials and expanded applications can be used to utilize unused biomass resources such as thinned wood and undergrowth. To. For this purpose, the entire process from raw material procurement to manufacturing, utilization, recovery and recycling is stabilized and the cost is reduced.
紙若くは木、竹等の薄片、それらの炭化物の浮遊性保持は簡単ではなかった。安価な製造法も得られた水面被覆又は水底への均一沈下用浮遊性紙片、細片(フレーク、ペレット、凝集塊等を含む)の大量供給、簡易な利用法、回収、再利用の方法はなかった。従来法と異なり補助材料であるカーボンブラック、活性炭、有機性炭化物等の黒色材料やポリマーを使用しないか又は極力少量に制限し食品添加物、生分解性物質、無害な有機又は無機物使用であることが浮遊性増強、有害性回避の見地から好ましい。 It was not easy to maintain the floatability of paper or thin pieces of wood, bamboo, etc., and their carbides. Low-cost production method obtained Water surface coating or floating paper pieces for uniform settling to the bottom of the water, supply of large quantities of flakes (including flakes, pellets, agglomerates, etc.), simple usage, recovery, and reuse There wasn't. Unlike conventional methods, auxiliary materials such as carbon black, activated carbon, and organic carbides are not used, or the amount is limited to a small amount and food additives, biodegradable substances, harmless organic or inorganic substances are used. Is preferable from the viewpoint of enhancing floating property and avoiding harmful effects.
農林漁業副生品、使用済み回収物の再利用、肥料土壌改良材としての田畑へのすき込み、燃料等として容易に処分ができることが必要であった。 It was necessary to be able to easily dispose of as a by-product of agriculture, forestry and fishery, reuse of used collected materials, penetration into the field as a fertilizer soil improvement material, and fuel.
遮光紙やマルチと言われるプラスチックフイルムは消耗品で概して専用機械を要する。
しかも展張した水田や水面に自由に立ち入るのは難しかった。水田の水底を黒染め加工した籾殻で被覆する方法では均一散布問題があり、水面浮上の場合には風による飛散も問題とされていた。水面或は水底への均一散布は手数がかかる。墨汁様の黒色エマルジョンや着色糖蜜液等では降雨時の希釈損失、水質汚染の難点があった。
先の発明1では浮遊炭化物を浮遊させて水面に分散して沈降させるのは容易であったがコスト面の改良が望ましかった。
水面への農薬散布は環境汚染と散布者及び近隣住民の健康被害防止のために廃止か最低量に止めたいが解決法はなかった。
肥料の過剰使用防止 には少量を、均一に施肥する必要がある。燐酸分等も流出防止のためク溶性が好ましくオカラ炭化物等を均一に散布することは容易にできたが遮光性浮遊物を低コストで水面に長期維持し後に回収するのは簡単ではなかった。
Light-shielding paper and plastic films called mulch are consumables and generally require dedicated machines.
Moreover, it was difficult to enter the paddy field and the water surface freely. In the method of covering rice paddies with black-dyed rice husks, there was a problem of uniform spraying, and in the case of floating on the surface, scattering by wind was also a problem. Uniform spraying on the surface or bottom of the water is troublesome. Ink-like black emulsions and colored molasses have the disadvantages of dilution loss during rain and water pollution.
In the first invention, it was easy to float the suspended carbide, disperse and settle on the water surface, but it was desired to improve the cost.
The application of pesticides on the surface of water was abolished or stopped to a minimum level to prevent environmental pollution and the health hazards of sprayers and neighbors, but there was no solution.
To prevent excessive use of fertilizer, it is necessary to uniformly apply a small amount. Phosphoric acid content and the like are preferably soluble in order to prevent outflow, and it was easy to uniformly disperse okara carbide and the like. However, it was not easy to maintain the light-shielding suspended matter on the water surface for a long time at a low cost and collect it later.
海、湖沼、池、水耕栽培における水草、アオコ、赤潮防止、遮光、抑制剤均一散布と効果の持続性が問題であった。
稲用その他の農薬では根、葉からの吸収による過剰の農薬投与が問題であった。
遮光用としてのバイオマス炭化物は親水性で水面浮遊性がない。遮光用プラスチック球は高価であった。カプセル封入によるペレット化では結合材等の使用量が多い難点があった。
炭化物をプラスチック結合材を利用して軽量化するものは結合材比率が大で安価な材料が必要であった。
水棲の有害幼虫、特に蚊の幼虫、蛭、有害魚類等の駆除の効率的あるいは低濃度薬剤による簡易な防除法が必要であった。
使用済材料の回収再利用、浮沈時間の調節ができると環境問題、コストの点で好都合であった。
本発明はこのような問題点を解決する。
Seaweed, lakes, ponds, aquatic plants in aquaculture, blue sea urchin, red tide prevention, shading, uniform spraying of inhibitor and sustainability of effects were problems.
Excess pesticide administration due to absorption from roots and leaves has been a problem with other pesticides for rice.
Biomass carbide for light shielding is hydrophilic and has no water surface floatability. The light shielding plastic sphere was expensive. In pelletization by encapsulation, there is a problem in that the amount of binder used is large.
What reduced the weight of carbide using a plastic binder required a material with a high binder ratio and a low price.
Efficient or simple control methods with low-concentration chemicals were necessary to control harmful larvae of varicella, especially mosquito larvae, moths and harmful fish.
It was convenient in terms of environmental problems and costs to be able to collect and reuse used materials and adjust the rise and fall times.
The present invention solves such problems.
紙片、薄片木質、小枝、葉、割箸裁断片、楊枝等を加工して水面に展張し黒色、濃色加工品では遮光により藻、水槽の発生を抑制し肥効成分や薬剤含有物を浮遊化する。潤滑性表面加工によって振動又は波動によって薄片群を容易に水面に展張できる。比重1以下の撥水材例えば牛脂当の動植物油脂、蝋、パラフィン等を使用することによって紙片、木細片、薄片、炭化物、半炭化物に安定した浮力調整加工ができる。
撥水剤、比重調整による浮力増加剤、水面への浮遊薄片、細片の展張性能付与のためには、潤滑性表面加工材料として広義の蝋即ち天然蝋、硬質蝋、パラフィン、油脂、脂肪酸、脂肪族アルコール、シリコーン化合物等が適し、特に常温乃至高温で固形である広義の油脂、蝋等であって比重1以下のものが安定した浮遊性維持のために好ましい。フッ素系撥水剤を少量使ってもよい。光安定性、微生物分解制御のための安定剤、殺菌材、促進材を加えた不飽和油等を含浸で添加することもできる。浮遊性と浮力維持のためにこれは屋外で比較的高温の水でも安定して展張性能を維持するために好都合である。
Paper, thin wood, twigs, leaves, split chopsticks, toothpicks, etc. are processed and spread on the surface of the water, and in black and dark processed products, the generation of algae and water tanks is suppressed by shading to float fertilizers and chemicals To do. The thin film group can be easily spread on the surface of the water by vibration or wave motion by the lubricated surface processing. By using a water-repellent material having a specific gravity of 1 or less, such as animal and vegetable fats and oils such as beef tallow, wax, paraffin, etc., stable buoyancy adjustment processing can be performed on paper pieces, wood strips, thin pieces, carbides and semi-carbides.
In order to impart a water repellent, a buoyancy increasing agent by adjusting the specific gravity, a floating flake on the water surface, and a spreading performance of the fine strip, a broad surface as a lubricating surface processing material, that is, natural wax, hard wax, paraffin, oil, fatty acid, Aliphatic alcohols, silicone compounds, and the like are suitable. Particularly, fats and waxes in a broad sense that are solid at normal temperature to high temperature, and those having a specific gravity of 1 or less are preferable for maintaining stable floating properties. A small amount of a fluorinated water repellent may be used. It is also possible to add an impregnated oil or the like to which light stability, a stabilizer for controlling microbial degradation, a sterilizing material, and an accelerator are added. In order to maintain buoyancy and buoyancy, this is advantageous in order to maintain the stretch performance stably even in relatively hot water outdoors.
パラフィンにカーボンブラック等の顔料を混合し、高濃度物を紙に塗布すると塗膜剥離の現象が発生する。そこで柔軟性、添着補助材料としての軟質油脂、液状油、乾性油、脂肪酸、分散材としての金属石鹸を添加できる。無鉛のボイル油、合成ボイル油、EVA,歩バール、アクリル酸ポリマー、ポリ乳酸、ポリオキシカプロン酸等であってもよい。
着色材料はカーボンブラック、油煙、炭化物、色素、弁柄、有機顔料等と分散剤、結合剤としての膠、ゼラチン、アクリル酸ポリマー等を使うことができる。配合は水面浮遊継続時間測定実験によって容易に決めることができる。
When a pigment such as carbon black is mixed with paraffin and a high-concentration product is applied to paper, a phenomenon of coating film peeling occurs. Therefore, flexibility, soft fats and oils as adjunct auxiliary materials, liquid oils, drying oils, fatty acids, and metal soaps as dispersing agents can be added. It may be lead-free boiled oil, synthetic boiled oil, EVA, walk bar, acrylic acid polymer, polylactic acid, polyoxycaproic acid and the like.
As the coloring material, carbon black, oily smoke, carbide, dye, petal, organic pigment and the like, a dispersing agent, glue as a binder, gelatin, acrylic acid polymer and the like can be used. The formulation can be easily determined by a water surface floating duration measurement experiment.
水面遮光は難しいものであった。紙片も完全炭化した炭化物も親水性品は水中で容易に沈下する。オカラ炭素は多孔性で軽いが炭素の真比重が1,5より大で連通気泡が多く浮遊性加工は簡単ではない。水が細孔内に侵入するので長期間の浮遊は困難である。
これに対して紙、木質は見掛比重が1付近にあり、真比重は1.5付近以下であることを利用できる。半炭化物はこの中間に相当するものが多く利用できる。
一方薄い紙は透光性があるので黒色、濃色或は被覆性顔料、特定光波長を遮蔽する加工材料と撥水材料分散液を使用してもよく、塗布、浸漬、吹き付け、印刷、転写印刷するのが適当である。
薄い紙は重ねて厚み、空気包容性を増して加工してもよい。新聞紙の場合に応用できる。
加工して裁断し、裁断物を着色・撥水油脂、脂肪酸、その金属石鹸、蝋、パラフィン、公知の撥水剤、防水剤等で撥水、防水して浮揚性付与加工してもよい。
Shading on the water surface was difficult. Both paper pieces and fully carbonized carbides easily sink in water. Okara carbon is porous and light, but the true specific gravity of carbon is greater than 1.5, and there are many open cells, making it difficult to float. Since water penetrates into the pores, long-term floating is difficult.
On the other hand, it can be used that paper and wood have an apparent specific gravity of about 1 and a true specific gravity of about 1.5 or less. Many semi-carbides corresponding to the middle can be used.
On the other hand, since thin paper is translucent, black, dark or covering pigments, processed materials that shield specific light wavelengths, and water-repellent material dispersions may be used. Application, immersion, spraying, printing, transfer It is appropriate to print.
Thin paper may be stacked and processed to increase thickness and air inclusion. It can be applied to newspapers.
It may be processed and cut, and the cut product may be processed to be colored and water repellent oil, fatty acid, its metal soap, wax, paraffin, known water repellent, water repellant, water repellant, waterproof and floatation.
分散液は蝋状材料、油脂、合成ポリマーが使えるが、比重1以下のものが好ましい。
脂肪酸、その金属石鹸は固体油脂分、配合液体油の低分子量成分のブリードと粘着を防止または軽減でき浮揚力を増し、調整できる。
これらを混合使用、塗り重ねができる。水性塗料、印刷インキ、墨汁(化学墨汁を含む)を均一塗布、或は印刷、乾燥して、着色し又は着色材料を含む油性インキ又は塗料で撥水加工してもよい。分散液は水性又は溶融液で公知の装置、器具、方法で塗布、又は浸漬加工できる。ロール紙や裁断紙に印刷するように塗布し乾燥固着後に撥水剤油脂、蝋、パラフィン、高分子物を塗布又は浸漬あるいは噴霧するのが品質の点で優れている。
As the dispersion, waxy materials, oils and fats, and synthetic polymers can be used, but those having a specific gravity of 1 or less are preferred.
Fatty acids and their metal soaps can prevent or reduce bleed and sticking of low molecular weight components of solid fats and blended liquid oils, and can increase and adjust buoyancy.
These can be mixed and applied. Water-based paints, printing inks, black ink (including chemical ink) may be uniformly applied, or may be printed, dried, and water-repellent processed with oil-based inks or paints that are colored or contain coloring materials. The dispersion can be applied as an aqueous or molten solution, and can be applied or dipped by a known apparatus, instrument, or method. It is excellent in terms of quality that it is applied so as to be printed on roll paper or cut paper, and after drying and fixing, water repellent oil and fat, wax, paraffin and polymer are applied, dipped or sprayed.
着色廃紙は防水或は撥水加工によって耐水遮光性にできる。牛乳、飲料、水の紙パックのように耐水性の厚手の紙は加工せずにそのまま裁断して使える場合があるが、切断面強化のために空加熱或は撥水剤添加、吹付け、浸漬、塗布、流動層噴霧、注入加工してもよい。
遮光性インキ、塗料は公知の技術により浸透性、毛細管の目詰め制御、付着性、耐水性、耐久性、柔軟性等それぞれの必要特性を制御しつつ付与できる。非毒性、生分解性、分解物の非毒性、環境適合性も公知技術によって付与することができる。
加工紙の無機物による目詰め加工自体は寧ろ親水化に近いが撥水加工することによって撥水性になり、木材チップ、かんな屑も同様に塗布、浸漬等によって遮光加工、撥水、防水加工して浮遊性薄片、細片遮光材料になる。省力化、コストダウン、未利用資源の活用、環境・廃棄物対策を同時に達成できる。
Colored waste paper can be made water-resistant and light-proof by waterproofing or water-repellent finishing. Water-resistant thick paper such as milk, beverages, and water paper packs may be cut and used without processing, but air heating or water repellent addition, spraying, Immersion, coating, fluidized bed spraying, and injection processing may be performed.
The light-shielding ink and paint can be applied by controlling the necessary characteristics such as permeability, capillary clogging control, adhesion, water resistance, durability, and flexibility by known techniques. Non-toxicity, biodegradability, non-toxicity of degradation products, and environmental compatibility can also be imparted by known techniques.
The process of clogging with inorganic material on the processed paper itself is rather hydrophilic, but it becomes water-repellent by water-repellent processing, and wood chips and kana scraps are similarly light-shielded, water-repellent, and waterproofed by application, immersion, etc. It becomes a floating thin piece and a thin piece light shielding material. Labor saving, cost reduction, utilization of unused resources, environmental and waste measures can be achieved at the same time.
廃紙は葉書、新聞紙、雑誌、広告、廃封筒、事務書類などが使える。
黒色加工は印刷物を墨汁、黒色インク、カーボンブラック、木炭、紙炭化物の微粉砕物等の炭素を保護コロイドと添着材を兼ねた膠、ゼラチン、ポバール、EVA強化であり得る。
分散媒は水、アルコール類、有機溶剤あるいはそれらの混合物を使うことができる。
酸化防止剤、界面活性剤、防腐剤等の安定剤を使用してもよい。
シュレッダーにかけた廃紙も活用できる。薄く板上、ベルト上に薄く展張して押さえ網や布を利用し或は利用せずに噴霧、ロール、転写ロール、刷毛等で一度以上塗布し或は浸漬・脱液加工等公知の方法で製造できる。
You can use postcards, newspapers, magazines, advertisements, waste envelopes, and office documents.
The black color processing may be a paste, ink, black ink, carbon black, charcoal, finely pulverized product of paper charcoal, and the like, which are glue, gelatin, poval, EVA strengthened as a protective colloid and an additive.
As the dispersion medium, water, alcohols, organic solvents or a mixture thereof can be used.
You may use stabilizers, such as antioxidant, surfactant, and antiseptic | preservative.
You can also use waste paper that has been shredded. Apply thinly on a plate or belt and apply it once or more with spraying, rolls, transfer rolls, brushes, etc., with or without using a presser net or cloth, or by a known method such as dipping or draining Can be manufactured.
遮光材は紙片又は木質細片、切削片が扁平又は異形断面であり得る。
これは水面に展開した場合に風で空中に吹飛ぶのを防止するに有用である。
新品又は廃棄物である紙パック紙片に着色或は耐水加工し又はこれらの加工をすることなく所定の大きさの浮遊性紙片とし、糸や紐状連結手段で連結した浮遊性材料とすることができる。
The light shielding material may be a piece of paper or a woody piece, and the cut piece may have a flat or irregular cross section.
This is useful for preventing the wind from blowing into the air when deployed on the water surface.
A new or waste paper pack paper piece may be colored or water-resistant processed or made into a floating paper piece of a predetermined size without being processed, and a floating material connected by thread or string-like connecting means. it can.
牛乳パックの原紙或は廃容器は展開し適当な大きさに裁断するとそのままで水面に浮遊するものがありこれ自体で展開して遮光材として使用できる。着色浮遊化加工もできる。
さらに線、紐等で連結すると風に吹き飛ぶことなく、水面からの回収は巻き取りによっても実施できる。隙間には他の薄片状又は細片状浮遊物、炭素細片或は粉粒、ペレット状の浮遊物で遮蔽できる。紙マルチ、ポリマルチと異なり、薄片状、細片状浮遊物同様に、人、機械の立ち入りが可能である利点を有する。
やや大きく広い薄片状又は細片状浮遊物連結の利点は展張、収納が容易で展張したままで除草剤、殺虫剤その他の散布作業が可能でしかも浮遊物自体に薬剤肥効物質を添着し、或は水面浄化材料を添着し必要によって容易に回収できることにある。線条材質は軽量で浮力を損なわないことが好ましい。
天然又は合成高分子、金属の糸、紐、金属線、テープ等で耐水性、対候性、対光性材料が好ましい。一本以上で線上に又は網状に綴ることができる。
線状に綴った後に要点で架橋線で連結してもよい。
The base paper or the waste container of the milk pack is unfolded and cut into an appropriate size, so that it floats on the surface as it is and can be unfolded and used as a light shielding material. Colored float processing is also possible.
Furthermore, if it connects with a line | wire, a string, etc., the collection | recovery from a water surface can be implemented also by winding, without blowing off to a wind. The gaps can be shielded by other flaky or strip-like floating materials, carbon strips or powder particles, or pellet-like floating materials. Unlike paper mulch and poly mulch, it has the advantage that humans and machines can enter as well as flakes and strips.
The advantage of the slightly large and wide flaky or strip-like floating connection is that it can be spread and stored easily, and can be spread with herbicides, insecticides and other spraying work, and a chemical fertilizer is attached to the floating itself. Alternatively, it is possible to attach a water surface purification material and easily collect it if necessary. The filament material is preferably lightweight and does not impair buoyancy.
Natural, synthetic polymers, metal threads, strings, metal wires, tapes and the like are preferably water resistant, weather resistant, and light sensitive materials. One or more can be spelled on a line or in a mesh.
You may connect with a bridge line in the main point after spelling in linear form.
遮光材は本発明の薄片状又は細片状水面浮遊物材料として、バイオマスあるいはその炭化物、半炭化物を利用できる。それらは水面の大小区画に従い、風による吹き寄せ、吹き飛びを防止し、浮沈自在であるものが望ましい。浮子であって遮光材展張時には沈下して展張を助け、展張後には水面に顔を出して区画あるいは迷路を構成することもできる。
廃紙は少量ずつ多種類収集されることが多く、同種のものでも品質、形態が多様でしかも分散発生源から得られる。このような原料を浮遊化するために比重が軽い油、蝋類、パラフィン、ポリエチレンを使用するのが容易かつ適当である。木質も撥水と必要によって、目詰め処理して容易に利用できる。紙片に浮揚材として付着させることもできる。
As the light shielding material, biomass or a carbide or semi-carbide thereof can be used as the flake-like or strip-like water surface floating material of the present invention. It is desirable for them to be able to float and sink according to the size of the water surface, preventing wind blowing and blowing. It is a float and can sink when the light-shielding material is extended, helping the extension, and after the extension, a face or a maze can be formed with a face on the water surface.
Many types of waste paper are often collected in small quantities, and even the same type can be obtained from dispersed sources with various quality and form. In order to float such raw materials, it is easy and appropriate to use oils, waxes, paraffins and polyethylenes having a low specific gravity. The wood can be easily used after being clogged if necessary. It can also be attached to a piece of paper as a floater.
多種類、雑多な紙片を均一化のために半炭化して原料とすることもできる。流動層(或はスパウテッド層、以下同じ)装置で熱処理又は炭化、半炭化、高温乾燥するのが適当である。流動層は温度制御性、均一性が優れているためである。 Various types and miscellaneous paper pieces can be semi-carbonized to make the raw material uniform. Heat treatment or carbonization, semi-carbonization, and high-temperature drying are suitable in a fluidized bed (or spouted bed, the same applies hereinafter) apparatus. This is because the fluidized bed has excellent temperature controllability and uniformity.
研究の結果炭化と半炭化の境界付近の温度及び処理時間で熱処理し、疎水性材料で疎水化処理又は/及び目詰め処理に適しさらに本発明で油脂分添加、撥水化処理することができる。適当な条件はタール分、臭気、発煙の有無と工業分析による揮発分と加工品の浮沈試験で決めることができる。特に浮沈試験によるのが簡単である。 As a result of research, heat treatment is performed at a temperature and treatment time near the boundary between carbonization and semi-carbonization, and it is suitable for hydrophobic treatment and / or clogging treatment with a hydrophobic material. . Appropriate conditions can be determined by tar content, odor, presence of smoke, volatile content by industrial analysis, and floatation test of processed products. In particular, it is easy to use the ups and downs test.
半炭化で自己発生の疎水性油分で浮遊性の付与ができる。増強に疎水性物質(撥水剤、撥水撥油剤等を含む)を使用することができる。紙片、や半炭化物等の表面に撥水材料等を付着し或いは吹き付けるために、書類裁断機からの裁断片を皿、ベルトコンベヤー上に展張し、或いは流動層、振動流動層、撹拌流動層、噴流層、或はスパウテッド層、強撹拌混合機を利用することができる。接触がよく均一に処理でき、均一な表面処理になるためである。疎水性物質を付着しての均一熱処理撥水性制御、製品品質と均一性、配合性制御とも流動層装置は容易である。 It is semi-carbonized and self-generated hydrophobic oil that can be floated. Hydrophobic substances (including water repellents, water and oil repellents, etc.) can be used for enhancement. To attach or spray water repellent material or the like on the surface of a piece of paper, semi-carbide, etc., the cut pieces from the document cutting machine are spread on a plate, a belt conveyor, or a fluidized bed, a vibrating fluidized bed, a stirred fluidized bed, A spouted bed, a spouted bed, or a strong stirring mixer can be used. This is because the contact is good and can be uniformly processed, and the surface becomes uniform. The fluidized bed apparatus is easy for water-repellent control with uniform heat treatment by attaching a hydrophobic substance, product quality and uniformity, and compounding control.
(薄片、フレークの炭化と効用)枯葉は堆肥の他未利用資源として大量に存在する。その粉砕物は粉砕条件により鱗片状であって、片状形態を残す炭化物は水面に扁平に浮く。この状態では紙片同様に浸水の静水圧が小で撥水性が弱くても浸水速度が小で、比較的長時間浮遊する。有機質原料の種類によって、半炭化でタール分を残しているだけで数日間浮遊させることができる。茶、焦茶乃至黒色でしかもタール分が残留する条件は流動層による210乃至300℃付近の適当な温度域の所定温度、所定時間の半炭化によって達成できる。この条件は実験によって容易に選ぶことができる。本発明により目詰又は/及び撥水加工処理すれば容易に浮遊性片にできる。原料として単一粒子又は成型品の見かけ比重1以下ならば本発明により長期浮遊化可能とみられる。これらの炭化物、半炭化物は例えばタール、ピッチ、澱粉、食品排水の活性汚泥、パルプ廃液、合成又は天然高分子、糖蜜等を粘結材或は目詰め材として必要により炭化等の熱処理をして浮遊材料にできる。 (Carking and utility of flakes and flakes) Dead leaves exist in large quantities as unused resources in addition to compost. The pulverized product has a scaly shape depending on the pulverization conditions, and the carbide that leaves the flaky shape floats flat on the water surface. In this state, as in the case of a piece of paper, even if the hydrostatic pressure of the water is low and the water repellency is weak, the water immersion speed is low and the air floats for a relatively long time. Depending on the type of organic raw material, it can be floated for several days just by leaving the tar content by semi-carbonization. The conditions of brown, dark brown or black and the remaining tar content can be achieved by semi-carbonization at a predetermined temperature in a suitable temperature range of 2 10 to 300 ° C. in a fluidized bed for a predetermined time. This condition can be easily selected by experiment. According to the present invention, a floating piece can be easily formed by clogging or / and water repellent treatment. If the apparent specific gravity of a single particle or molded product is 1 or less as a raw material, long-term suspension is considered possible according to the present invention. These carbides and semi-carbides, for example, tar, pitch, starch, activated sludge from food wastewater, pulp waste liquid, synthetic or natural polymer, molasses, etc. are subjected to heat treatment such as carbonization as a caking or filling material if necessary. Can be a floating material.
目詰め補助材として不溶性の沈殿、微粒子、カーボンブラック、煤、炭素微粒子、木粉、ベントナイト、有用成分を含ませて補強してもよい。カーボンブラック、微粉末活性炭、煤、微粉末炭等は疎水性の撥水剤、その他ポリマーと併用して黒着色剤、目詰め材を兼用できる。これらによって水浸漬時の水の細孔への侵入を阻止し又は侵入速度を調整し沈下速度や沈下比率を調整できる。このような技術は従来存在しなかった。水の浮遊材料中への侵入を制御できることは、薬液等の漏出拡散を制御できるものであり、薬剤、肥効成分等の徐放性を発現できる。
そして効果を発揮して駆除の後には水流又は水面掃引き、循環濾過で浮遊物を回収でき必要以上の薬剤曝露を防止できる。
As a filling auxiliary material, insoluble precipitates, fine particles, carbon black, soot, carbon fine particles, wood powder, bentonite, and useful components may be included for reinforcement. Carbon black, finely powdered activated carbon, soot, finely powdered charcoal, etc. can be used in combination with a hydrophobic water repellent and other polymers, and can also be used as a black colorant and a filling material. By these, the penetration | invasion to the pore of the water at the time of water immersion can be prevented or a penetration | invasion speed | rate can be adjusted, and a settlement speed and a settlement ratio can be adjusted. There has been no such technique in the past. Being able to control the penetration of water into the floating material can control the leakage and diffusion of chemicals and the like, and can exhibit sustained release properties of drugs, fertilizers and the like.
Then, after the removal, the suspended matter can be recovered by water flow or water surface sweeping and circulation filtration after the extermination, and the drug exposure more than necessary can be prevented.
疎水化加工において、撥水剤又は防水剤、疎水性のパラフィン油、固体パラフィン、ステアリン酸等の脂肪酸或はその金属塩等は油脂類のべたつき軽減に役立つ。
疎水性物質の付着量は乾燥物に対して3倍程度以下が適当である。浮遊性能と加工効果によって決めることができる。条件により疎水化材料は浮遊性粉粒又は成型物の0.01乃至5%程度まで抑制できる。真比重が1より大な炭化物や成型物では浮力維持に空気その他気体が入った細孔、空孔、空隙を余分に必要とし、比重1より大な油脂等の耐水、撥水、疎水化剤、目詰め材で満たさないことが好ましい。目詰めが効率よく行われるように条件を設定する。とくに仕上げの疎水化材料による表面加工は固体気体の接触効率が優れている流動層を利用するのが好ましい。また少量の比重1より軽い疎水化剤の使用が好ましい。
In hydrophobic processing, water repellents or waterproofing agents, hydrophobic paraffin oils, solid paraffins, fatty acids such as stearic acid, or metal salts thereof are useful for reducing stickiness of fats and oils.
The adhesion amount of the hydrophobic substance is suitably about 3 times or less with respect to the dried product. It can be determined by the floating performance and processing effect. Depending on the conditions, the hydrophobized material can be suppressed to about 0.01 to 5% of the floating particles or molded product. Carbides and molded products with a true specific gravity greater than 1 require extra pores, pores, and voids containing air and other gases to maintain buoyancy, and are water and water repellent and hydrophobizing agents such as oils and fats with a specific gravity greater than 1. It is preferable not to fill it with a packing material. Set conditions so that clogging is performed efficiently. In particular, it is preferable to use a fluidized bed having excellent contact efficiency with a solid gas for the surface treatment with a finished hydrophobic material. It is also preferable to use a small amount of hydrophobizing agent having a specific gravity of less than 1.
浮遊化処理の材料選択と配合、処理程度によって浮遊時間を分単位の短時間から時間、週単位乃至月単位の期間、水面又は水底を均一被覆する遮光材料を得ることができる。従来法は浮くか、沈むかの何れかであった。本発明では沈降時間を加減することによって、水面に展張の後に一定比率で沈下させて水面と水底を同時に均一に遮光被覆できる。
全部沈下させ水底だけ被覆することもできる。これは薬剤散布に有利である。
(イ)遮光性、(ロ)薬剤或は肥効成分徐放性、(ハ)微生物徐放性の種類、(二)希釈搬送用、のように種類、機能が異なる浮遊性紙片、薄片、細片(粉粒又は成型物を含む)の1つ又は混合物を使用して、水面に展張し所定時間後にその一部又は全部を沈降させて水底に散布し又は水面に滞留させ所定時間後に回収することもできる。
A light-shielding material that uniformly covers the surface of the water or the bottom of the water can be obtained depending on the material selection and formulation of the floatation treatment, the duration of the floatation, from a short time of minutes, to a period of weeks to months. The conventional method was either floating or sinking. In the present invention, by adjusting the settling time, the water surface and the bottom of the water can be uniformly and light-shielded simultaneously by spreading on the water surface and then sinking at a constant rate.
It is also possible to sink all and cover only the bottom of the water. This is advantageous for drug distribution.
(I) Light-shielding properties, (b) Sustained release properties of drugs or fertilizers, (c) Types of sustained-release microorganisms, (2) For dilute transport, etc. Using one or a mixture of strips (including powder or moldings), spread on the water surface, set a part or all of it down after a predetermined time, and spray on the bottom of the water or stay on the water surface and collect it after a predetermined time You can also
浮遊物製造と使用にあたって継続的浮遊、一時的浮遊、一定割合沈降或は全量沈降の時間を制御でき、2種以上の機能や多様な沈降時間を有する浮遊性紙片、薄片、粉粒、フレーク、ペレット、凝集塊等を混用できる。遮光用或は農薬、肥効成分等の含有紙片、粉粒又は成型物ペレット、フレーク等はそれを飛散させずに均一展張し或は薬剤の均一投与、オイルフェンス等や隔壁を利用して特定域投与を可能にする。回収用或は仕切り用隔壁、管は浮体でもよいので粉剤や農薬噴霧の飛散防護幕に比べて簡便である。また光透過率ゼロから部分透過光があるように任意随時に堆積厚み、粗密分布、各種の遮光性能が異なる製品で調整でき、除草或は、雑草、藻類、プランクトン抑制用の調節可能の遮光層を省力的に低コストで構成できる。
本発明の浮遊性紙片、薄片、細片に殺虫剤、殺菌剤を封入又は含浸したものを、水面展開の後に沈降させ、蚊の幼虫や有害生物、細菌が生息する底質付近の所望範囲に均一に薬剤濃度を高く投与でき、生息域全部に少量の薬剤で制御できる。多少の水流れがあってもよい。
In the production and use of suspended solids, continuous floating, temporary floating, constant rate sedimentation or total sedimentation time can be controlled, floating paper pieces, flakes, powder particles, flakes with two or more functions and various sedimentation times, Pellets and agglomerates can be mixed. For light-shielding or containing paper containing agrochemicals, fertilizers, etc., powder or molded product pellets, flakes, etc., can be spread evenly, or evenly administered with drugs, specified using oil fences, etc. Enables regional administration. The partition wall or tube for collection or partitioning may be a floating body, so that it is simpler than the dust or pesticide spray protection screen. In addition, it can be adjusted with products with different deposition thickness, density distribution, and various light shielding performance at any time so that there is partial light transmission from zero light transmittance, adjustable light shielding layer for controlling weeding, weeds, algae, plankton Can be saved at low cost.
The floating paper pieces, flakes, and strips of the present invention encapsulated or impregnated with insecticides and bactericides are allowed to settle after spreading on the surface of the water to reach the desired range near the sediment where mosquito larvae, pests and bacteria live. Highly uniform drug concentration can be administered, and the entire habitat can be controlled with a small amount of drug. There may be some water flow.
水面の遮光層は穴や偏りができても自己修復作用が特徴である。遮光性が不足すれば容易に補充できる。長時間水面に浮遊するものも得られ、水面及び水底を覆い黒色乃至濃色炭化物で透過率ゼロから部分透過光を許容するように構成することもできる。薄い色で反射率が高いタルク、ベントナイト、顔料を低温加熱処理で紙片等に付着できる。
浮遊物の平面的偏りを防止するために前記線状連結手段又は例えば梯子状の区画網を使用できる。
The light-shielding layer on the water surface is characterized by a self-healing action even if there are holes or bias. If the light shielding property is insufficient, it can be easily replenished. A thing floating on the water surface for a long time is also obtained, and it is possible to cover the water surface and the bottom of the water and to allow partially transmitted light from black to dark colored carbides with a transmittance of zero. Light colors and highly reflective talc, bentonite, and pigment can be attached to a piece of paper by low-temperature heat treatment.
In order to prevent planar deviation of the suspended matter, the linear connecting means or a ladder-like partition network can be used.
回収が容易にできるのも特長である。使用済材料の効率的回収と利用を可能にする。上記課題の解決に共通して比較的安価な廃紙等の原料を使用して、配合も含めて、原料、製品、用途ともに融通性が高い。 Another feature is that it can be easily collected. Enables efficient recovery and utilization of used materials. Commonly used for solving the above-mentioned problems, using raw materials such as waste paper, which are relatively inexpensive, including blending, has high flexibility in terms of raw materials, products, and uses.
薬剤散布にこのような性質を利用できる。即ち浮遊材紙片、粉粒等に薬剤や肥料、肥効成分、微量成分、微生物等を工程の任意の適当な段階で封入又は含浸で包含させて徐放性によって水面又は/及び水底に均一に薬剤を散布することもできる。遮光による雑草防除、赤潮、藻等の防止とこれら物質の散布を同時に達成することもできる。細片状オカラ炭化物、半炭化物の浮遊材は遮光、散布性能と自身の肥効性能を同時に発揮させる特徴がある。浮遊材は容易に水流にのせ、或はフェンスで回収できる。さらに親油疎水性の加工紙片、植物性細片はこれらの性質を利用して水面浮上油の回収に便利に利用できる。遮光用材料としての貯蔵品は融雪促進剤、遅延材、油流出時に転用でき緊急用としての特別貯蔵なしに活用できる。なお本発明の浮遊材紙変、粉粒、フレーク等の成型物は疎水性物質で水からの分離濾過が容易な利点を有する。 This property can be used for drug distribution. In other words, the drug, fertilizer, fertilizers, trace components, microorganisms, etc. are included in the floating paper strips, powder particles, etc. at any appropriate stage of the process by inclusion or impregnation, and evenly on the water surface and / or bottom by controlled release. Drugs can also be sprayed. Weed control by shading, prevention of red tides, algae, etc. and the application of these substances can be achieved simultaneously. Fine flocculated Okara carbide and semi-carbide floating materials are characterized by light shielding, spraying performance and their own fertilizing performance at the same time. Suspended material can be easily placed in a water stream or collected by a fence. Furthermore, the hydrophobic lipophilic processed paper pieces and vegetable strips can be conveniently used for recovering surface floating oil using these properties. Stored products as shading materials can be used for snowmelt accelerators, retarders, oil spills and can be used without special storage for emergency use. Note that the molded product of the floating material paper modification, powder particles, flakes and the like of the present invention is a hydrophobic substance and has an advantage that it can be easily separated and filtered from water.
図1は水田、水面、又は溝、暗渠であってもよい水路の水面に薄片状又は細片状水面浮遊物を展帳する装置の例である。田の畦や通路に浮遊物貯槽とこれに連結した供給機構とからなる添帳装置の移動機構と水流による送り機構又は水面揺動機構を具備する。
粉粒貯槽1から浮遊性粉粒等をダンパー3で調整しつつ水面6に供給する。落下速度の慣性で水面を浮上状態で滑走しシュート形状によって帯状又は扇状に拡がる。薄い堆積層を形成するが部分的偏りがある場合には、水面に、送り水流、振動、波動、揺動等を与える。
位置移動、方向変更、多孔管、溢流分配樋での薄片状又は細片状水面浮遊物供給、水流分配管13から田方向水流にのせて展張できる。2の供給点を1箇所以上の少数点にする場合にはシュート及び/又は水流分配管の噴出方向を複数方向にし若くは首振り運動させて分散効率を上げることもできる。
FIG. 1 is an example of an apparatus for spreading flaky or strip-like water surface floats on the water surface of a water channel that may be a paddy field, a water surface, a ditch or a culvert. A padding device moving mechanism including a floating substance storage tank and a supply mechanism connected thereto and a feed mechanism by water flow or a water surface swing mechanism are provided in a paddy field or a passage.
Floating powder particles and the like are supplied from the
Positional movement, change of direction, perforated pipe, supply of flaky or strip-like surface floating material in the overflow distributing trough, and spreading on the water flow from the
図2は水面に層上に重なり形成した遮光層、飾り層の断面である。層厚みと重なりは遮光性、装飾性に影響する。 FIG. 2 is a cross section of a light shielding layer and a decorative layer formed on the surface of the water so as to overlap each other. The layer thickness and the overlap affect the light shielding property and decoration.
紙片、粉粒等の浮遊性物機能体の使用にあたって混合使用が可能である。継続的浮遊、一時的浮遊、一定割合或は全量が沈降する時間を制御でき、均一平面的分散を飛散させずに可能にする。これに撥水性或は疎水性を付与すると一定時間浮遊することがわかった。この性質は沈降時間制御によって農薬、除草剤、殺菌剤等の水面、水底への集中に使える。水底の雑草発芽阻止、芽の生育阻害、殺菌、殺菌剤、肥料、農薬の稲の根への供給に利用できる。これは時間乃至日単位の短期間から少しずつ長期間に亘って沈降させることができる。食品製造の副生物である例えばオカラ炭素、コーヒー、お茶等の抽出残渣、木材加工屑、バイオマスである葉、落葉、小枝等の薄片、細片それらの炭化物、は通常親水性である。これらに本発明を適用すると気孔への浸水速度を10分乃至24時間程度の短時間抑制ができる。長時間浮遊性も付与できる。 Mixed use is possible in the use of floating material functional bodies such as paper pieces and powder particles. Continuous floating, temporary floating, constant rate or time to settle the whole amount can be controlled, enabling uniform planar dispersion without scattering. It was found that when water repellency or hydrophobicity was given to this, it floated for a certain period of time. This property can be used for concentration on the water surface and bottom of pesticides, herbicides, fungicides, etc. by controlling the sedimentation time. It can be used to prevent weed germination on the bottom of the water, inhibit bud growth, sterilization, bactericides, fertilizers and pesticides to rice roots. This can be allowed to settle over a short period of time from a short period of time or days. Byproducts of food production, for example, extraction residues such as okara carbon, coffee and tea, wood processing waste, biomass such as leaves, fallen leaves, twigs and other flakes, strips and their carbides are usually hydrophilic. When the present invention is applied to these, the water immersion rate into the pores can be suppressed for a short time of about 10 minutes to 24 hours. Long-term floatability can also be imparted.
紙片、枝葉、木質薄片、それらの炭化物、半炭化物、熱処理物を撥水或は疎水化加工し要すれば目詰め加工して遮光性、装飾性、農薬、肥効成分徐放性薄片、粉粒、成型物を得た。浮遊時間、沈降時間も自由に調整できた。
水田の雑草発生、生育を防止し除草剤不使用乃至節約できる。
徐放性吸着剤乃至カプセル類似の性能を付与できる。しかも浮遊と沈降によって水面、水底、水層の農薬、肥料の濃度を必要箇所に集中できる。害虫駆除も可能。
その浮遊性と要すれば水面の振動、波動、機械的均し等で均一に展開でき、過剰の農薬、肥料を使わずに済む。
未利用の農林水産資源、都市、事務所の生ゴミ、紙屑等の有機ゴミを活用できる。
被覆加工、炭化、半炭化に、流動層、スパウテッド層、振動流動層等の選択利用によって均一製品を得、油脂等の撥水、防水剤、被覆材料、浸漬、目詰め材料等を節約できる。
沈降性能、農薬性能、肥効の異なる浮遊材料を選択し又は配合して使用できる。
Paper, branches, leaves, wood flakes, their carbides, semi-carbides, and heat-treated products are water-repellent or hydrophobized, and if necessary, they are clogged to produce light-shielding, decorative, agrochemical, fertilizer, sustained release flakes, powder Grains and moldings were obtained. The floating time and settling time could be adjusted freely.
Prevents the generation and growth of weeds in paddy fields and saves the use or saving of herbicides.
A sustained-release adsorbent or a capsule-like performance can be imparted. Moreover, the concentration of water, bottom, aquatic pesticides and fertilizers can be concentrated at the necessary locations by floating and settling. Pest control is also possible.
If necessary, it can be spread evenly by vibration, wave motion, mechanical leveling, etc. on the water surface, eliminating the need for excessive pesticides and fertilizers.
Unused agricultural, forestry and fishery resources, organic waste such as city and office garbage, and paper waste can be used.
A uniform product can be obtained by selecting and using a fluidized bed, a spouted layer, a vibrating fluidized layer, etc. for coating, carbonization, and semi-carbonization, and water repellency such as fats and oils, waterproofing agents, coating materials, dipping, and filling materials can be saved.
Flotation materials with different sedimentation performance, agricultural chemical performance, and fertilization effect can be selected or blended.
8個の実施例について説明する。 Eight examples will be described.
A4用の茶封筒片面に市販墨汁を表裏黒色に塗布し、乾燥の後にステアリン酸を溶解した試薬用牛脂を融解塗布し冷却した。溶解及び塗布温度は100℃であった。
茶封筒は2.7グラム、墨汁の固形分付着量1.1グラム、上塗り牛脂組成物は、ステアリン酸0.8グラムと牛脂1.4グラムからなる組成物であった。この溶融撥水剤を塗布し冷却した黒色の加工紙を裁断機にかけて3mm角の細片状水面浮遊物とした。水を張った容器水面一端にこの製品を供給して匙で展開し遮光性薄層を形成した。30日後の浮遊物残留率は95.8%で1乃至3枚重ねに相当する黒色遮光性薄層を保持していた。
市販墨汁は、ポバールを膠質分散安定剤としカーボンブラックを含むものである。
ポバールの代わりに膠、ゼラチン、親水性ポリマーを含んでもよく、カーボンブラックの代りに煤、植物性炭化物粉砕物、微粉炭、粉末活性炭、無機物炭カル等の充填材あるいはこれらの混合物、粒子粒度を組合せて目詰め効果をもたせたものでもよい。加工紙として原紙或は加工材料に添加剤表面加工剤を含んだものも同様に加工できた。紙の適性は試験加工し浮遊試験によって判別できた。
(対照例)牛脂による撥水処理しない紙片は水に入れると30分以内に90%沈下した。
Commercial black ink was applied to one side of the A4 tea envelope in black on the front and back, and after drying, beef tallow for reagent in which stearic acid was dissolved was melted and cooled. The dissolution and coating temperature was 100 ° C.
The tea envelope was 2.7 grams, the solid content of the ink was 1.1 grams, and the top coat beef tallow composition was a composition comprising stearic acid 0.8 grams and beef tallow 1.4 grams. The black processed paper coated with this melted water repellent and cooled was applied to a cutting machine to form a 3 mm square strip-like water surface float. This product was supplied to one end of the water surface filled with water and spread with a scissors to form a light-shielding thin layer. After 30 days, the residual rate of suspended matter was 95.8%, and the black light-shielding thin layer corresponding to 1 to 3 sheets was retained.
Commercially available black ink contains carbon black using poval as a colloidal dispersion stabilizer.
Instead of carbon black, it may contain glue, gelatin, hydrophilic polymer, filler instead of carbon black, plant carbide pulverized powder, pulverized charcoal, powdered activated carbon, inorganic charcoal, etc. It may be a combination that has a clogging effect. A base paper or a processing material containing an additive surface processing agent could be similarly processed as a processed paper. The suitability of the paper was test processed and could be determined by a float test.
(Control example) A piece of paper that was not water-repellent with beef tallow settled 90% within 30 minutes.
実施例1で原紙としてA4のPPC廃紙を使用し、後は同様とした。第一段階のポバール含有墨汁固形分は紙4.0グラムに対し0.3グラム、上塗り牛脂組成物は、ステアリン酸カルシウム4.2グラムと牛脂4.2グラムからなる組成物であった。30日後の浮遊物残留は93.3%で黒色遮光性薄層を保持していた。 In Example 1, A4 PPC waste paper was used as the base paper, and the rest was the same. In the first stage, the poval-containing black ink solid content was 0.3 gram with respect to 4.0 gram of paper, and the top coat beef tallow composition was composed of 4.2 grams of calcium stearate and 4.2 grams of beef tallow. After 30 days, the remaining suspended matter was 93.3%, and the black light-shielding thin layer was retained.
実施例1で原紙として新聞紙をA4に切り、後は同様とした。第一段階としてポバール含有墨汁固形分は紙2.9グラムに対し0.3グラム使い、上塗り牛脂組成物は、12.2%ステアリン酸を含む牛脂1.8グラムを塗布した。30日後の浮遊物残留率は85.2%であった。
黒色遮光性薄層を保持していた。
紙の撥水処理においてシリコーン樹脂系撥水剤の代りに流動パラフィンを使用した場合、4g炭化物に流動パラフィンを噴霧して0.3g付着させた。30日後の浮遊物残留率は93.3%で黒色遮光性層を保持していた。
In Example 1, the newspaper was cut into A4 as the base paper, and the rest was the same. As a first step, 0.3 g of poval-containing black ink solids was used per 2.9 g of paper, and the top-coated beef tallow composition was coated with 1.8 g of tallow containing 12.2% stearic acid. After 30 days, the residual ratio of the suspended matter was 85.2%.
The black light-shielding thin layer was retained.
When liquid paraffin was used in place of the silicone resin-based water repellent in the water repellent treatment of paper, liquid paraffin was sprayed on 4 g of carbide to make 0.3 g adhere. After 30 days, the residual rate of suspended matter was 93.3%, and the black light-shielding layer was retained.
実施例3で原紙として廃棄はがきを使用し、後は同様とした。第一段階のポバール含有墨汁固形分率は同じで、紙2.9グラムに上塗り牛脂組成物は、12.2%ステアリン酸を含む牛脂0.7グラムを塗布した。30日後の浮遊物残留は85.2%で黒色遮光性薄層を保持していた。
撥水処理においてシリコーン樹脂系撥水剤の代りに流動パラフィンを使用した。4g炭化物に流動パラフィンを噴霧して0.3g付着させた。30日後の残留浮遊物は93.3%で黒色遮光性薄層を保持していた。
In Example 3, a waste postcard was used as the base paper, and the rest was the same. In the first stage, the poval-containing black ink solid content was the same, and 0.7 g of beef tallow containing 12.2% stearic acid was applied to 2.9 g of paper. After 30 days, the suspended matter remained at 85.2%, and the black light-shielding thin layer was retained.
Liquid paraffin was used in place of the silicone resin water repellent in the water repellent treatment. Liquid paraffin was sprayed on 4 g of carbide to deposit 0.3 g. The residual suspended solids after 30 days were 93.3% and retained the black light-shielding thin layer.
実施例1乃至4の原紙、廃紙の代りに裁断機にかけた紙細片を耐水耐溶剤板に薄く拡げてロール塗装の要領で墨汁を塗装し、余剰墨汁を分離し乾燥後に同様に撥水材を塗布処理した同様の結果が得られた。ベルトコンベヤー上で塗装し、後に分離乾燥し再びベルトコンベヤに拡げつつ撥水塗装することもできる。
余剰墨汁、撥水剤は回収できる。
Instead of the base paper and waste paper of Examples 1 to 4, the paper strips applied to a cutting machine are spread thinly on a water- and solvent-resistant plate, and the ink is applied in the manner of roll coating. Similar results were obtained when the material was applied. It is also possible to paint on a belt conveyor, separate and dry later, and then apply water-repellent coating while spreading again on the belt conveyor.
Surplus ink and water repellent can be collected.
実施例1で原紙の代わりにオカラ炭化物を使用し、後は同様とした。第一段階のポバール含有墨汁用加工液は市販墨汁液に比較的粗なカーボンブラック粒子又は植物性炭化物粒子を加え目詰め効果を強化した。微粒固形分は炭素7グラムに0.1グラム、撥水用牛脂組成物は、12.2%ステアリン酸を含む牛脂7グラムを散布浸漬した。30日後の浮遊物残留は85.2%で黒色遮光性薄層を保持していた。
炭素、炭化物或は半炭化物の性質によって、第一段階の膠、ゼラチン、ポバール等で例示される保護コロイド成分兼目詰め粒子分散剤兼黒色或は着色、反射、蛍光材、粒子等は試験によって容易に組成を調整できる。
撥水剤は牛脂、豚脂等の動植物油脂、脂肪酸、蝋、パラフィン、シリコーン樹脂系又はフッ素系撥水剤の一つ又は混合使用ができるのは当然である。
オカラ炭化物、コーヒー抽出滓、同炭化物、市販木炭、お茶殻粉炭、鋸屑素灰、粉末活性炭、等を撥水防水浮遊化加工した。製品は7日乃至1月の長期間水面に浮遊させることができた。
In Example 1, okara carbide was used instead of the base paper, and the rest was the same. The processing liquid for poval-containing ink at the first stage strengthened the clogging effect by adding relatively coarse carbon black particles or vegetable carbide particles to commercial ink. The fine solid content was 0.1 gram per 7 grams of carbon, and the water repellent beef tallow composition was sprayed and soaked with 7 grams of beef tallow containing 12.2% stearic acid. After 30 days, the suspended matter remained at 85.2%, and the black light-shielding thin layer was retained.
Depending on the nature of the carbon, carbide, or semi-carbide, the protective colloid component exemplified in the first stage glue, gelatin, poval etc. The composition can be easily adjusted.
It is natural that the water repellent can be one or a mixture of animal and vegetable oils and fats such as beef tallow and lard, fatty acids, waxes, paraffin, silicone resin-based or fluorine-based water repellents.
Okara charcoal, coffee extract, charcoal, commercial charcoal, tea husk powder charcoal, sawdust ash, powdered activated carbon, etc. were subjected to water-repellent and waterproof floatation. The product was able to float on the water for a long period from 7th to January.
前記遮光浮遊紙片で水面を覆った状態で水排出堰を僅かに引き上げ堰底部から網を併用して水だけ排出できた。堰板底部から上の水中に排出口を設けた場合には底部の沈降物と浮遊材料を分離しながら水だけ排出でき、水入れ替えができた。 The water discharge weir was slightly lifted with the light-blocking floating paper piece covering the water surface, and only the water could be discharged using the net from the bottom of the weir. When a discharge port was provided in the water above the bottom of the dam plate, only the water could be discharged while separating the sediment and floating material at the bottom, and the water could be replaced.
半数の軽度の撥水処理した浮遊紙片と牛脂による撥水浮遊化処理した紙片(いずれも事務廃止シュレッダー廃紙)にピレスロイド殺虫材を吹きつけ添着した浮遊紙片混合物を水槽水面に散布して浮かせた。半数の処理紙片は30分以内に槽底に沈降し、残り半数は水面に継続して1週間浮遊し、ボウフラを駆除できた。水面の浮遊紙は網で容易に除去できた。水底の半浮遊紙は撹拌によって舞い上がり容易に網で分離できた。
未処理の紙片は水底に張り付き除去は簡単ではなかった。
Half of the lightly water-repellent floating paper pieces and the water-repellent floating paper pieces of beef tallow (both paper shredded papers) were sprayed with a mixture of floating paper pieces and sprayed on the surface of the aquarium. . Half of the treated paper pieces settled on the bottom of the tank within 30 minutes, and the remaining half floated on the surface of the water for one week, and the boufra was able to be removed. The floating paper on the water surface was easily removed with a net. The semi-floating paper at the bottom of the water flew up by stirring and could be easily separated by a net.
Untreated paper pieces stuck to the bottom of the water and removal was not easy.
水面遮光、水面装飾、池、小型又は大型水槽、水田、一時湛水の畑や土地、水耕栽培、湖沼、道路側溝、溜り水等を、遮光紙片、浮遊粉粒、成型品のひとつ又は組み合わせで覆うことができる。均一に水底に沈めて薄く堆積することもできる。展張した紙反やフイルムと異なり遮光した水田や湖沼に自由に出入りでき、水流や改修機で回収することもできる。これによって、雑草、藻抑制用遮光材、徐放殺虫剤、農薬散布、施肥ができる。また、水面を被覆できる薄色の浮遊粉粒、成型物、あるいは紙片加工品は水分蒸発抑制等にも利用できる。揮発性の無害な撥水剤を利用して吸着剤の広範囲散布、また、炭素以外の無機性発泡体の均一展張、建材の製造にも応用できる。多様、大量集積できる原料だけでなく、零細な未利用資源の炭化や熱処理による原料化も可能であり、収集運搬原燃料化と利用を容易にする。
機械パルプ紙はリグニンを含むものは土壌への本発明細片すき込みして土壌改良材になるので焼却を要せず廃物処分の負担軽減になる。
Water surface shading, water surface decoration, pond, small or large aquarium, paddy field, temporary flooded fields and land, hydroponics, lakes, road gutters, pool water, etc., one or a combination of shading paper pieces, floating powder particles, molded products Can be covered. It can be evenly submerged in the bottom of the water. Unlike stretched paper and film, you can freely enter and exit the shaded paddy fields and lakes, and you can also collect them with water flow and repair machines. As a result, weeds, algae-control light-shielding materials, sustained-release insecticides, agricultural chemicals can be applied and fertilized. Further, the light-colored floating powder particles, molded products, or processed paper pieces that can cover the water surface can be used for suppressing water evaporation. It can be applied to a wide range of application of adsorbents using volatile harmless water repellents, to uniform expansion of inorganic foam other than carbon, and to the manufacture of building materials. In addition to raw materials that can be collected in large quantities and in large quantities, it is possible to carbonize fine unused resources and to make them raw materials by heat treatment, facilitating the collection and transportation of raw fuel and use.
The mechanical pulp paper containing lignin can be used as a soil conditioner by inserting the strip of the present invention into the soil, so that incineration is not required and the burden of waste disposal is reduced.
1 貯槽、2 浮遊性粉粒、ペレット、3 ダンパー、4 シュート、5 振動機、
6 水、12 水底に沈積した紙片、粉粒、13 水流分配管、
14 循環水分散供給用堰又は多孔管、15 移動手段、
17 循環水吸引管又は浮遊紙片材料回収用溢流堰、溝付吸引管又は多孔管、濾過管
24 微細開口、27,28 浮遊体の細孔空間
31 墨汁残留炭素層、32 付着した撥水又は防水油脂層
33 目詰め材料の立体網目構造、
34 疎水加工剤又は自己発生疎水性物質層
36 水面
1 storage tank, 2 floating particles, pellets, 3 dampers, 4 chutes, 5 vibrators,
6 water, 12 pieces of paper deposited on the bottom of the water, powder, 13 water distribution pipes,
14 circulatory water dispersion supply weir or perforated pipe, 15 moving means,
17 Circulating water suction pipe or overflow weir for collecting floating paper material, grooved suction pipe or porous pipe,
34 Hydrophobic processing agent or self-generated
Claims (10)
無機性粉粒であって比重1以下の油脂、蝋、疎水性脂肪酸、パラフィンから選ばれた1つ又は組合せによる疎水加工によって粉粒を疎水化する請求項1記載の薄片状又は粉粒状水面浮遊物。 2. The water-floating material flake-like or strip-like water-floating material according to claim 1, wherein the coloring material is colored or shaded with carbon black, carbide or semi-carbide.
The flaky or granular water surface float according to claim 1, wherein the inorganic particles are hydrophobized by hydrophobic processing with one or a combination selected from fats, waxes, hydrophobic fatty acids and paraffins having a specific gravity of 1 or less. object.
装置の移動機構と水流による送り機構又は水面揺動機構を具備する薄片状又は細片状水面浮遊物を水面に展張する装置。 In a device that displays flakes or strips of floating surface on the surface of a water channel, which may be a paddy field, water surface, ditch, or culvert, a floating storage tank equipped in the rice transplanter and a supply mechanism connected thereto. A device for spreading a flake-like or strip-like water surface suspended matter on a water surface, comprising a moving mechanism of a book device and a feed mechanism by water flow or a water surface swinging mechanism.
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JPH11319798A (en) * | 1998-05-07 | 1999-11-24 | Velitas Kk | Water quality improving lightproof member |
JP2004188330A (en) * | 2002-12-11 | 2004-07-08 | Kureha Techno Enji Kk | Floating light-shielding member |
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Patent Citations (2)
Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
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JPH11319798A (en) * | 1998-05-07 | 1999-11-24 | Velitas Kk | Water quality improving lightproof member |
JP2004188330A (en) * | 2002-12-11 | 2004-07-08 | Kureha Techno Enji Kk | Floating light-shielding member |
Cited By (7)
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CN104350923A (en) * | 2014-11-10 | 2015-02-18 | 金华市婺城区张俊华家庭农场 | Interplanting method of water bamboo and aquatic vegetables |
CN106477647A (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2017-03-08 | 无锡市凡宇水处理机械制造有限公司 | Stable type purifier |
CN106477647B (en) * | 2016-11-15 | 2019-05-31 | 宜丰县银龙水务有限公司 | Stable type purifier |
CN107349912A (en) * | 2017-08-10 | 2017-11-17 | 武汉科技大学 | A kind of carbon composite gelatin sponge and preparation method thereof |
CN108147494A (en) * | 2018-02-09 | 2018-06-12 | 北方工业大学 | Adsorption type floating island |
CN109293421A (en) * | 2018-12-10 | 2019-02-01 | 黑龙江省农业科学院土壤肥料与环境资源研究所 | A kind of sheet organic fertilizer and its preparation method and application |
CN113647356A (en) * | 2021-09-14 | 2021-11-16 | 山东省淡水渔业研究院(山东省淡水渔业监测中心) | Fish-farming grass-control type water quality control device and method for river crab culture pond |
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