JP2009041205A - Wet dust collector and wet dust collecting method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To reduce an adverse effect on a marginal environment by increasing the efficiency of removal of dust, in a wet dust collector which collects and removes the dust produced during tunnel boring work under the ground and in a mountain. <P>SOLUTION: This wet dust collector 1 comprises a water storage tank 3, an introduction portion 19, a water spray portion 21, an air pipe 22, and an air blower 23. The water storage tank 3 is provided with an air bubble generator 7 for bubbling a liquid surface in a casing 5, and an air filter 20 for removing the mist of dust air. The dust air is mixed with water in two locations, that is, the water spray portion 21 and the water storage tank 3, and passes through the water in the bubbled state of the liquid surface in the water storage tank 3. Thus, the dust is firmly mixed with the water, so that dust removal efficiency can be increased. Additionally, since the air is discharged after the mist is removed by the air filter 20, the adverse effect on the marginal environment is reduced. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a wet dust collector and a wet dust collection method for collecting and removing dust generated in tunnel excavation work in underground or mountains.

  A large amount of dust is generated in this type of tunnel excavation work. If such dust remains in the work area, it may be harmful to the health of the worker, so it is necessary to discharge the dust to the outside.

  Therefore, conventionally, a large-capacity filter type dust collector has been installed, and an air supply fan and an exhaust fan have been installed in order to perform normal ventilation. However, in this case, since two types of blowers are used in addition to the filter type dust collector having a large power, the power consumption increases and the electricity cost increases, which is uneconomical.

Therefore, in an air-feeding ventilation system in which wind is sent into a tunnel using a wind pipe and dust is sent to a wellhead, a method has been proposed in which water is sprayed on the dust sent through the tunnel (for example, Patent Document 1). reference).
Japanese Unexamined Patent Publication No. 2003-27899 (columns [0004] [0007] [0012], FIG. 1)

  However, since this is a system in which air is blown from a small-diameter wind pipe toward a large-diameter tunnel, the dust delivery rate in the tunnel is reduced, so the dust removal efficiency is not so high. In addition, even though water is sprayed on the dust, it is still an air-feeding ventilation system in which the dust outlet is open to the atmosphere (wellhead), so it has an adverse effect on the surrounding environment such as dust pollution.

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention is not only economical with a small electricity bill, but also improves dust removal efficiency and can reduce adverse effects on the surrounding environment and wet dust collection. It aims to provide a method.

  In order to achieve such an object, the invention described in claim 1 includes a storage tank in which water is stored in a lower part in a casing, and an air supply means for supplying dust air to the storage tank, The means is provided with a sprinkling part for sprinkling dust air, a funnel part is formed in the lower part of the casing, a discharge port is provided in the lower part of the funnel part, and the funnel part has the above-mentioned A bubble generating device for foaming the liquid level in the casing is provided, and the storage tank is provided with a first partition plate that divides the upper part in the casing into a central air intake space and air discharge spaces on both sides thereof. The first partition plate is provided with an exhaust port positioned below a reference liquid level in the casing, and the storage tank is vortexed by stirring the dust air discharged from the exhaust port in water. A second partition plate to be generated is provided, and the air The outlet space is provided with a draining plate for removing water droplets adhering to the dust air, the storage tank is provided with a clean air outlet, and an air filter is detachably provided at the clean air outlet. A wet dust collector is used.

  The invention according to claim 2 is a wet dust collection method in which after the water is sprayed into the dust air, the dust air is passed through water in a state where the liquid level is foamed by aeration, and the mist of the dust air is removed and then discharged. It is characterized by that.

  According to invention of Claim 1, dust air can be mixed with water in two places, a watering part and a storage tank, and it can be made to communicate with the water in the state where the liquid level bubbled in the storage tank. Thereby, dust can be mixed with water firmly and it becomes possible to improve the removal efficiency of dust. Moreover, since it can discharge | emit after removing the mist of dust air with an air filter, the bad influence to the surrounding environment can be reduced. Furthermore, since power can be suppressed, the electricity bill is small and economical.

  In addition, after the dust air is discharged from the exhaust port, it is agitated in the water by the second partition plate and a vortex is generated, so the mixing of dust and water becomes stronger and the dust removal efficiency is increased. improves.

  In addition, even if water droplets adhere to the dust air when the dust air passes through the water in the casing, the water droplets are removed by the draining plate, so that a problem that the air filter is clogged can be avoided.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, since the dust air is sprinkled and passes through the foamed water, the dust and water can be mixed firmly, and the dust removal efficiency can be improved. It becomes possible. Moreover, since dust air is discharged | emitted after mist is removed, the bad influence to the surrounding environment can be reduced.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described below.
Embodiment 1 of the Invention

  1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention.

  First, the configuration will be described.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 to 3, the wet dust collector 1 has a frame-like gantry 2 reinforced with diagonal materials (not shown), and the gantry 2 supports a storage tank 3. .

  The storage tank 3 has a casing 5, and as shown in FIG. 1, two conical funnels 5 a are formed in the lower part of the casing 5. A discharge port 6 is attached to the lower part of each funnel portion 5a. In addition, water is stored in a lower portion of the casing 5 and a bubble generating device 7 for foaming the liquid surface of the water is installed in a submerged state. This bubble generating device 7 has six vent pipes 7a, and six vent holes 7b are formed upward in each vent pipe 7a. Further, two flat first partition plates 9 are erected in parallel in the casing 5, and the lower end portion 9 a of the first partition plate 9 is immersed in the water in the casing 5. The upper part in the casing 5 is divided into an air intake space 10 located in the center and two air discharge spaces 11 located on both sides of the air intake space 10 as shown in FIG. It has become.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 3, exhaust ports 12 are respectively formed below the reference liquid level SL at the lower part of each first partition plate 9. A sectional second partition plate 13 is disposed. Here, the reference liquid level SL means a static water level, that is, a water level when air is not blown into the air intake space 10.

  In addition, as shown in FIG. 3, a pair of L-shaped first draining plates 15 are disposed in the air discharge space 11 so as to be connected to the outer peripheral surface of the first partition plate 9. A pair of flat second draining plates 16 are horizontally arranged in a form connected to the inner peripheral surface of the casing 5.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, an upper lid 8 is placed on the upper portion of the casing 5, and two clean air outlets 8 a are formed in the upper lid 8. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, an air filter 20 is detachably attached to each clean air outlet 8a.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the storage tank 3 is provided with an overflow mechanism 17, and the overflow mechanism 17 has a water storage tank 17a. A drain port 17b is attached to the lower part of the water storage tank 17a. ing. Further, a weir 17c is provided in the water storage tank 17a so as to be movable up and down.

  Further, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the introduction portion 19 is connected to the upper side of the storage tank 3 so as to be connected to the upper end portion of the first partition plate 9. The introduction part 19 includes an L-shaped introduction pipe 19a, and a dust air inlet 19b is formed at the end of the introduction pipe 19a on the storage tank 3 side. As shown in FIG. 1, the width W1 of the dust air inlet 19b is narrowed to about １ ／ of the width W2 of the casing 5 of the storage tank 3. Further, as shown in FIG. 3, a cross-section changing portion 19c whose width becomes narrower from the upper portion toward the lower portion at a constant ratio is formed on the upper side of the dust air inlet 19b.

  Further, a water sprinkling part 21 is connected to the front side (left side in FIG. 1) of the introduction part 19, and the water sprinkling part 21 includes a cylindrical tube 21a as shown in FIG. In the upper part of the pipe 21a, a water spray pipe 21b is disposed along the tube center direction (the direction in which dust air passes), and a pipe 21c is provided in communication with the water spray pipe 21b. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 1 and FIG. 2, five water nozzles 21d are formed downward in the water spray pipe 21b. In addition, the drainage channel 21e is formed in the bottom part of the pipe | tube 21a in the form which inclines so that it may fall gently toward the introduction part 19 side.

  In addition, a flexible wind tube 22 is detachably attached to the front side (left side in FIG. 1) of the water sprinkling unit 21, and a blower 23 is attached to the front side of the wind tube 22.

  Next, the operation will be described.

  Since the wet dust collector 1 has the above-described configuration, the following procedure is used when the wet dust collector 1 is used.

  First, as shown in FIG. 5, after the wet dust collector 1 is installed on the ground, the blower 23 is inserted into the underground tunnel 25 and installed. At this time, since the wind pipe 22 connecting the blower 23 and the water sprinkling unit 21 has flexibility, the installation work of the blower 23 can be smoothly performed for the underground tunnel 25 having any shape.

  In this state, the bubble generating device 7 is driven in the storage tank 3. Then, since air bubbles are ejected all at once from the air injection holes 7b of all the air pipes 7a, the liquid surface is aerated (aerated) by the air bubbles, and becomes a foamed state by gas-liquid mixing.

  Moreover, in the watering part 21, water is supplied from the piping 21c to the watering pipe 21b. Then, the water is sprinkled downward from all the watering nozzles 21d so as to substantially cover the entire cross section of the pipe 21a. Here, “watering” is a broad concept including “spraying”.

  Thus, the blower 23 is driven in a state where the liquid level is foamed in the storage tank 3 and the water is sprayed in the water sprinkling part 21. Then, the dust air in the underground tunnel 25 passes through the wind pipe 22 and is supplied to the sprinkler 21. And most of the dust air is sprinkled in the pipe 21a (that is, with water) and becomes heavy, and is supplied to the storage tank 3 via the drainage channel 21e and the introduction part 19, Since the remaining part passes through the introduction part 19 without being sprinkled and is supplied to the storage tank 3, all of the remaining parts join together in the storage tank 3. At this time, the introduction part 19 through which the remaining dust air passes is formed with a cross-section changing part 19c whose width becomes narrower in the dust air supply direction, so that the supply speed of the dust air increases.

  In addition, since the water sprinkled by the water sprinkling part 21 flows into the casing 5 of the storage tank 3 via the drainage channel 21e, the liquid level in the casing 5 is rising. However, excess water exceeding the predetermined height overflows the weir 17c of the overflow mechanism 17 and is temporarily stored in the water storage tank 17a, and is periodically discharged from the drain port 17b. Therefore, in the storage tank 3, the reference liquid level SL in the casing 5 can always be kept at a constant height.

  Then, after the dust air descends the air intake space 10 in the storage tank 3, it collides with the liquid surface and pushes down the liquid surface, and is discharged outward from the exhaust port 12 at a high speed. At this time, as described above, since the supply speed of the dust air increases when passing through the cross-section changing portion 19c of the introduction portion 19, water is accompanied and dispersed, and the water is stirred inside the second partition plate 13 underwater. Eddy current is generated. Moreover, since the water in the casing 5 is gas-liquid mixed by aeration, the dust air is effectively mixed with this water while suppressing pressure loss.

  In addition, dust air is wet and heavy, whereas water in the casing 5 is mixed with bubbles due to aeration, so that the apparent specific gravity is reduced and the surface is foamed. Accordingly, the dust air has a high degree of stirring and a long contact time with water. As a result, the dust air efficiently dissolves in water and is purified, and the dust accumulates in the lower part of the casing 5 of the storage tank 3. The dust accumulated in the casing 5 is periodically discharged from the two discharge ports 6. Since these discharge ports 6 are provided in the lower part of the two funnel portions 5a of the casing 5, dust can be efficiently collected by the dead weight along the funnel portions 5a. Therefore, the dust discharge operation can be performed quickly in a short time.

  Thereafter, the dust air rises in the air discharge space 11, collides with the first draining plate 15 and the second draining plate 16 in order to remove water droplets, and after the mist is removed by the air filter 20, clean air and And is discharged from the clean air outlet 8a of the upper lid 8 to the outside (atmosphere).

  In addition, since the exhaust port 12 which discharges dust air from the air intake space 10 to the air discharge space 11 is located below the reference liquid level SL as described above, the water surface of the air intake space 10 is made of dust air. Even if the pressure is lowered, the water surface of the air discharge space 11 rises accordingly, so that the dust air always passes through the water in the casing 5 on the way from the air intake space 10 to the air discharge space 11. Will do. Moreover, since the reference liquid level SL is always held at a constant height by the overflow mechanism 17, the dust removal operation can be made appropriate.

  Thus, the dust air in the underground tunnel 25 is mixed with water at two locations of the water sprinkling part 21 and the storage tank 3, and in the storage tank 3, it passes through the water in which the liquid level is foamed by aeration. The dust will be mixed strongly with water. As a result, the dust removal efficiency can be increased.

  Moreover, since the dust air is discharged from the exhaust port 12 and then agitated in the water by the second partition plate 13 to generate a vortex, the mixing of the dust and water becomes stronger and the dust removal efficiency is improved. Increasingly.

  Further, since the dust air in the underground tunnel 25 is released into the atmosphere as clean air, it does not adversely affect the surrounding environment such as dust pollution, and the adverse effect on the surrounding environment can be reduced.

  Further, even if water droplets adhere to the dust air when passing through the water in the casing 5, the water droplets are removed in two stages by the first draining plate 15 and the second draining plate 16. It is possible to avoid the problem of water clogging.

  Moreover, since the water sprayed by the water spray part 21 is guide | induced to the storage tank 3 along the drainage channel 21e, water can be used effectively at the time of use of the wet dust collector 1. FIG.

  Further, since the weir 17c of the overflow mechanism 17 can be raised and lowered, the reference liquid level SL in the casing 5 can be raised and lowered by adjusting the overflow height according to the situation such as the concentration of dust in the dust air. It is possible to optimize the dust removal operation.

  Further, when the wet dust collector 1 is used, it is sufficient to supply water to the water spray pipe 21b of the water sprinkling unit 21 and drive the bubble generating device 7 and the blower 23, so that power consumption can be reduced.

  Moreover, since the wet dust collector 1 can isolate | separate the wind tube 22 and the air blower 23 from the introducing | transducing part 19, it is excellent in handling property, such as conveyance and movement of the wet dust collector 1. FIG.

  Furthermore, since the storage tank 3 has the width W2 of the casing 5 larger than the width W1 of the dust air inlet 19b of the introduction portion 19, it is possible to secure a processing amount for dust removal.

  In addition, since the wet dust collector 1 also serves as an air supply and exhaust fan, compared to the conventional method in which an air supply and exhaust fan must be installed in addition to a filter dust collector with a large power, Power consumption can be suppressed. As a result, the electricity bill can be saved, and the economy is excellent.

Further, since the wet dust collector 1 employs a system in which dust air is sent from the air intake space 10 located in the center of the casing 5 to the air discharge spaces 11 on both sides, the wet dust collector 1 is large without increasing the width W2 of the casing 5. It becomes possible to process a volume of dusty air. Therefore, the wet dust collector 1 can be installed in a narrow space such as the underground tunnel 25.
[Other Embodiments of the Invention]

  In addition, although Embodiment 1 mentioned above demonstrated the case where the water was stored by the storage tank 3, you may add surfactant to this water. In this case, the interfacial tension is reduced and the chemical bonding force between the dust and water is further increased, so that the dust removal efficiency is further increased.

  In addition, in the introduction part 19, a damper and a damper opening adjustment knob (both not shown) are attached to the dust air inlet 19 b so that the air volume can be adjusted (adjustment of the air volume from the introduction part 19 to the storage tank 3). It can also be. In this case, since the supply amount of dust air can be appropriately adjusted according to the processing capacity of the storage tank 3, the processing efficiency of the storage tank 3 can be maximized.

  Further, it is preferable to provide a viewing window (not shown) in the casing 5 of the storage tank 3 and adjust the air volume and the overflow height while visually checking the internal situation from the outside of the casing 5 through the viewing window. It is.

  Further, a duct (not shown) may be attached to the clean air outlet 8a of the upper lid 8, and the clean air may be discharged from this duct. In this case, the clean air can be discharged at a desired location by appropriately selecting the installation location of the duct outlet.

  In the first embodiment described above, the case where the two first partition plates 9 are erected in the casing 5 has been described. However, the upper air intake space 10 and the air discharge space 11 in the casing 5 are separated from each other. As long as it can be divided, the first partition plate 9 may be one.

  Moreover, although Embodiment 1 mentioned above demonstrated the case where the wet dust collector 1 was installed and used on the ground, the installation place of the wet dust collector 1 is not necessarily restricted to the ground, and the wet dust collector 1 is installed in a mine etc. You can also.

  Moreover, in Embodiment 1 mentioned above, in the water sprinkling part 21, although the case where water sprayed downward from the water spray nozzle 21d of the water spray pipe 21b was demonstrated, the water spray direction is not necessarily limited to the downward direction, and is directed upward, laterally, obliquely. You can sprinkle water.

  Moreover, although Embodiment 1 mentioned above demonstrated the case where the wet dust collector 1 was used with respect to the underground tunnel 25, it is also possible to use the wet dust collector 1 similarly with respect to a mountain tunnel (not shown). is there.

It is a front view which shows the wet dust collector which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. It is a top view of the wet dust collector shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing by the III-III line of the wet dust collector shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing by the IV-IV line of the wet dust collector shown in FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the use condition of the wet dust collector which concerns on the same Embodiment 1. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Wet dust collector 2 ... Stand 3 ... Storage tank 5 ... Casing 5a ... Funnel part 6 ... Discharge port 7 ... Bubble generator 7a ... Vent pipe 7b ... Injection hole 8 ... Top lid 8a ... ... Clean air outlet 9 ... First partition plate 10 ... Air intake space 11 ... Air discharge space 12 ... Exhaust port 13 ... Second partition plate 15 ... First drain plate (drain plate)
16 …… Second draining board (draining board)
17 …… Overflow mechanism 17a …… Water storage tank 17b …… Drain port 17c …… Weir 19 …… Introduction part (air supply means)
19a …… Introducing pipe 19b …… Dust air inlet 19c …… Cross section changing part 20 …… Air filter 21 …… Sprinkling part (air supply means)
21a …… Tube 21b …… Sprinkling pipe 21c …… Piping 21d …… Watering nozzle 21e …… Drainage channel 22 …… Wind pipe (air supply means)
23 …… Blower (air supply means)
25 …… Underground tunnel SL …… Standard liquid level W1 …… Dust air inlet width W2 …… Case width

Claims (2)

A storage tank in which water is stored in the lower part of the casing, and an air supply means for supplying dust air to the storage tank,
The air supply means is provided with a watering part for watering the dust air,
A funnel portion is formed in the lower part of the casing,
In the lower part of the funnel part, a discharge port is provided,
The funnel part is provided with a bubble generating device for foaming the liquid level in the casing,
The storage tank is provided with a first partition plate that divides the upper part of the casing into a central air intake space and air discharge spaces on both sides thereof.
The first partition plate is provided with an exhaust port positioned below the reference liquid level in the casing,
The storage tank is provided with a second partition plate that stirs the dust air discharged from the exhaust port in water to generate a vortex,
The air discharge space is provided with a draining plate for removing water droplets adhering to the dust air,
A clean air outlet is formed in the storage tank,
A wet dust collector, wherein an air filter is detachably provided at the clean air outlet.   A wet-type dust collection method characterized in that after the water is sprayed into the dust air, the dust air is passed through water in which the liquid level is foamed by aeration, and the dust air mist is removed and then discharged.

Images