JP2009030100A - Ag-Ni-BASED ELECTRICAL CONTACT MATERIAL AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD - Google Patents
Ag-Ni-BASED ELECTRICAL CONTACT MATERIAL AND ITS MANUFACTURING METHOD Download PDFInfo
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- 239000000463 material Substances 0.000 title claims abstract description 35
- 238000004519 manufacturing process Methods 0.000 title claims abstract description 25
- 239000000843 powder Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 55
- 229910017937 Ag-Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910017984 Ag—Ni Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 26
- 229910052751 metal Inorganic materials 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 239000002184 metal Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 23
- 238000002156 mixing Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 19
- 150000003839 salts Chemical class 0.000 claims abstract description 18
- 239000006185 dispersion Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 13
- 238000010298 pulverizing process Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 12
- 238000000354 decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 238000005551 mechanical alloying Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 230000009467 reduction Effects 0.000 claims abstract description 9
- 239000002245 particle Substances 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- 238000005979 thermal decomposition reaction Methods 0.000 claims abstract description 8
- OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N Carbon Chemical compound [C] OKTJSMMVPCPJKN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 14
- 229910002804 graphite Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000010439 graphite Substances 0.000 claims description 8
- UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N tungsten carbide Chemical compound [W+]#[C-] UONOETXJSWQNOL-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 claims description 8
- 239000002041 carbon nanotube Substances 0.000 claims description 6
- 229910021393 carbon nanotube Inorganic materials 0.000 claims description 6
- 238000000034 method Methods 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052759 nickel Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 229910052709 silver Inorganic materials 0.000 abstract description 14
- 239000000203 mixture Substances 0.000 abstract description 4
- 238000001035 drying Methods 0.000 abstract description 3
- PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N nickel Substances [Ni] PXHVJJICTQNCMI-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 57
- 239000000243 solution Substances 0.000 description 12
- 230000008569 process Effects 0.000 description 9
- 238000012360 testing method Methods 0.000 description 9
- 238000003466 welding Methods 0.000 description 9
- 229910002651 NO3 Inorganic materials 0.000 description 5
- NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N Nitrate Chemical compound [O-][N+]([O-])=O NHNBFGGVMKEFGY-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 5
- WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N Acetonitrile Chemical compound CC#N WEVYAHXRMPXWCK-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 239000007864 aqueous solution Substances 0.000 description 3
- KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N citric acid Chemical compound OC(=O)CC(O)(C(O)=O)CC(O)=O KRKNYBCHXYNGOX-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 3
- 230000000694 effects Effects 0.000 description 3
- UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N Hydrogen Chemical compound [H][H] UFHFLCQGNIYNRP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 2
- 230000000052 comparative effect Effects 0.000 description 2
- 238000011156 evaluation Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910052739 hydrogen Inorganic materials 0.000 description 2
- 239000001257 hydrogen Substances 0.000 description 2
- 238000012545 processing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005245 sintering Methods 0.000 description 2
- 238000005491 wire drawing Methods 0.000 description 2
- 229910021586 Nickel(II) chloride Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N acetic acid;nickel Chemical compound [Ni].CC(O)=O.CC(O)=O MQRWBMAEBQOWAF-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 238000004220 aggregation Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000002776 aggregation Effects 0.000 description 1
- BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N ammonium sulfate Chemical compound N.N.OS(O)(=O)=O BFNBIHQBYMNNAN-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229910052921 ammonium sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- 235000011130 ammonium sulphate Nutrition 0.000 description 1
- 230000008859 change Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000280 densification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000006866 deterioration Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000005516 engineering process Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000001125 extrusion Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000000227 grinding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000010303 mechanochemical reaction Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000011812 mixed powder Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000012986 modification Methods 0.000 description 1
- 230000004048 modification Effects 0.000 description 1
- 238000000465 moulding Methods 0.000 description 1
- 229940078494 nickel acetate Drugs 0.000 description 1
- QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel dichloride Chemical compound Cl[Ni]Cl QMMRZOWCJAIUJA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel sulfate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]S([O-])(=O)=O LGQLOGILCSXPEA-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- UQPSGBZICXWIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);dibromide;trihydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.Br[Ni]Br UQPSGBZICXWIAG-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- DOLZKNFSRCEOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L nickel(2+);oxalate Chemical compound [Ni+2].[O-]C(=O)C([O-])=O DOLZKNFSRCEOFV-UHFFFAOYSA-L 0.000 description 1
- 229910000363 nickel(II) sulfate Inorganic materials 0.000 description 1
- OQUOOEBLAKQCOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N nitric acid;hexahydrate Chemical compound O.O.O.O.O.O.O[N+]([O-])=O OQUOOEBLAKQCOP-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
- 229920001220 nitrocellulos Polymers 0.000 description 1
- 238000004663 powder metallurgy Methods 0.000 description 1
- 239000004332 silver Substances 0.000 description 1
- 239000002002 slurry Substances 0.000 description 1
- 238000005118 spray pyrolysis Methods 0.000 description 1
- 238000005507 spraying Methods 0.000 description 1
- IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N sulfamic acid Chemical compound NS(O)(=O)=O IIACRCGMVDHOTQ-UHFFFAOYSA-N 0.000 description 1
Abstract
Description
本発明は、例えば、リレー、スイッチ、電磁開閉器及びブレーカ等に好適なＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料及びその製造方法に関する。 The present invention relates to an Ag-Ni electric contact material suitable for, for example, a relay, a switch, an electromagnetic switch, a breaker, and the like, and a manufacturing method thereof.
リレー、スイッチ、電磁開閉器及びブレーカ等に用いられる電気接点材料としては、耐溶着性や耐消耗性等の電気接点性能が要求され、種々の材料が提案されて広く実用に供されている。この電気接点材料の一般的な製法としては、Ａｇ（銀）粉末とＮｉ（ニッケル）粉末とを機械的に混合した後、成形、焼結を行う粉末冶金法が知られている。しかしながら、この方法では、ＡｇとＮｉとの均一分散が難しく、Ｎｉの凝集が発生して等電気的特性（耐溶着性、耐消耗性）の劣化に繋がる不都合があった。 As electrical contact materials used for relays, switches, electromagnetic switches, breakers and the like, electrical contact performance such as welding resistance and wear resistance is required, and various materials have been proposed and widely used. As a general manufacturing method of this electrical contact material, a powder metallurgy method is known in which Ag (silver) powder and Ni (nickel) powder are mechanically mixed and then molded and sintered. However, this method has a disadvantage that uniform dispersion of Ag and Ni is difficult, and Ni aggregation occurs, leading to deterioration of isoelectric characteristics (welding resistance, wear resistance).
また、機械的に混合したＡｇ粉末とＮｉ粉末とをメカニカルアロイング処理やボールミル粉砕混合処理する方法もあるが、この場合でもＮｉの延性により微細化することが困難であった。
このため、従来、特許文献１では、Ａｇ及びＮｉの金属塩を含有する溶液を噴霧して得た液滴を、金属塩の熱分解温度以上で熱分解して電気接点用の粉末を形成する噴霧熱分解法が提案されている。また、特許文献２では、Ａｇ粉末とＮｉ粉末とをメカノケミカル反応により混合してＡｇ粒子の表面をＮｉ粒子で被覆した混合粉を調製し、電気接点用の粉末とする製法が提案されている。
Further, there is a method in which mechanically mixed Ag powder and Ni powder are mechanically alloyed or ball mill pulverized and mixed, but even in this case, it is difficult to reduce the size due to the ductility of Ni.
For this reason, conventionally, in Patent Document 1, droplets obtained by spraying a solution containing a metal salt of Ag and Ni are thermally decomposed at a temperature equal to or higher than the thermal decomposition temperature of the metal salt to form a powder for electrical contacts. A spray pyrolysis method has been proposed. Patent Document 2 proposes a manufacturing method in which Ag powder and Ni powder are mixed by a mechanochemical reaction to prepare a mixed powder in which the surface of Ag particles is coated with Ni particles and used as a powder for electrical contacts. .
上記従来の技術には、以下の課題が残されている。
すなわち、従来の特許文献１及び２の製法では、いずれも高価な湿式専用のプラント設備が必要になり、製造コストが増大してしまう不都合があった。また、これらの技術においても、まだＡｇとＮｉとの十分な均一分散性を得ることができなかった。
The following problems remain in the conventional technology.
In other words, the conventional production methods of Patent Documents 1 and 2 both require expensive wet-specific plant equipment, resulting in an increase in manufacturing cost. Moreover, even with these techniques, sufficient uniform dispersibility of Ag and Ni has not been obtained yet.
本発明は、前述の課題に鑑みてなされたもので、低コストな設備でＡｇとＮｉとの高い均一分散が得られるＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料及びその製造方法を提供することを目的とする。 The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide an Ag—Ni-based electrical contact material capable of obtaining high uniform dispersion of Ag and Ni with low-cost equipment and a method for producing the same. .
本発明は、前記課題を解決するために以下の構成を採用した。すなわち、本発明のＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の製造方法は、金属Ｎｉ換算０．１〜２５ｗｔ％相当の金属塩を含むＮｉ溶液と平均粒径５０μｍ以下のＡｇ粉末とを混合し乾燥させ、さらにこれを前記金属塩の熱分解温度以上で分解還元処理を施してＮｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末とする工程と、前記Ｎｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末をメカニカルアロイング処理又はボールミル粉砕混合処理する微細分散工程と、を有することを特徴とする。 The present invention employs the following configuration in order to solve the above problems. That is, in the method for producing an Ag—Ni-based electrical contact material of the present invention, a Ni solution containing a metal salt equivalent to 0.1 to 25 wt% in terms of metal Ni and an Ag powder having an average particle size of 50 μm or less are mixed and dried, Furthermore, it has a step of subjecting it to a decomposition-reduction treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than the thermal decomposition temperature of the metal salt to obtain a Ni-coated Ag powder, and a fine dispersion step of subjecting the Ni-coated Ag powder to a mechanical alloying treatment or ball mill pulverization mixing treatment. It is characterized by that.
このＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の製造方法では、Ｎｉ溶液とＡｇ粉末とを混合し乾燥させることで、Ａｇ粉末表面が硝酸Ｎｉの膜で覆われたＡｇの膜付き粉末が得られる。この際、Ｎｉ溶液を用いるが、特許文献１のようにＡｇ及びＮｉの両方の金属塩を含有する溶液を用いる場合に比べて極めて少量であると共に、混合、乾燥により膜付き粉末の状態とするため、特に湿式専用の設備を必要としない。次に、この膜付き粉末を、金属塩の熱分解温度以上で分解還元処理を施すことで、表面に微細なＮｉ粉末が均一に付着したＮｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末が得られる。さらに、このＮｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末をメカニカルアロイング処理又はボールミル粉砕混合処理するので、表面に付着していた微細なＮｉ粉末がＡｇ粉末内に練り込まれて均一微細分散される。したがって、湿式専用のプラント等の高価な設備が不要であると共に、ＡｇとＮｉとの高い均一分散が得られ、耐溶着性及び耐消耗性の一層の向上を図ることができる。
なお、金属Ｎｉ換算０．１〜２５ｗｔ％相当の金属塩を含むＮｉ溶液とした理由は、０．１ｗｔ％未満では所望の耐溶着性及び耐消耗性が得られず、一方、２５ｗｔ％を超えると加工性に乏しくなるためである。
In this method for producing an Ag-Ni-based electrical contact material, a Ni solution and an Ag powder are mixed and dried to obtain an Ag film-coated powder whose Ag powder surface is covered with a Ni nitrate film. At this time, Ni solution is used, but it is very small compared to the case of using a solution containing both Ag and Ni metal salts as in Patent Document 1, and it is in a state of powder with film by mixing and drying. Therefore, there is no need for special wet equipment. Next, this film-coated powder is subjected to a decomposition and reduction treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than the thermal decomposition temperature of the metal salt, whereby a Ni-coated Ag powder in which fine Ni powder uniformly adheres to the surface is obtained. Furthermore, since this Ni-coated Ag powder is mechanically alloyed or ball milled and mixed, the fine Ni powder adhering to the surface is kneaded into the Ag powder and uniformly finely dispersed. Therefore, expensive equipment such as a wet-type plant is unnecessary, and a high uniform dispersion of Ag and Ni can be obtained, so that the welding resistance and the wear resistance can be further improved.
The reason why the Ni solution contains a metal salt equivalent to 0.1 to 25 wt% in terms of metallic Ni is that if it is less than 0.1 wt%, the desired welding resistance and wear resistance cannot be obtained, while it exceeds 25 wt%. This is because the processability becomes poor.
また、本発明のＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の製造方法は、前記微細分散工程で、グラファイト又はカーボンナノチューブ：０．０５〜５．０ｗｔ％、タングステンカーバイド：０．０５〜５．０ｗｔ％の１種以上を添加して前記メカニカルアロイング処理又は前記ボールミル粉砕混合処理を行うことを特徴とする。すなわち、このＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の製造方法では、上記組成成分でグラファイト又はカーボンナノチューブ、タングステンカーバイドの１種以上を添加してメカニカルアロイング処理又はボールミル粉砕混合処理を行うので、より高い耐溶着性及び高い耐アーク性等を有する接点材料を得ることができる。
なお、グラファイト又はカーボンナノチューブを０．０５〜５．０ｗｔ％の範囲に設定した理由は、０．０５ｗｔ％未満では耐溶着性効果が得られず、一方、５．０ｗｔ％を超えると加工性に著しい低下が見られるためである。
また、タングステンカーバイドを０．０５〜５．０ｗｔ％の範囲に設定した理由は、０．０５ｗｔ％未満では耐アーク性の向上効果が得られず、一方、５．０ｗｔ％を超えると加工性に著しい低下が見られるためである。
Moreover, the manufacturing method of the Ag-Ni type electrical contact material of the present invention is the fine dispersion step in which 1 of graphite or carbon nanotubes: 0.05 to 5.0 wt%, tungsten carbide: 0.05 to 5.0 wt%. More than seeds are added to perform the mechanical alloying process or the ball mill pulverizing and mixing process. That is, in this method for producing an Ag—Ni-based electrical contact material, one or more of graphite, carbon nanotubes, and tungsten carbide are added as the above composition components, and mechanical alloying treatment or ball mill pulverization mixing treatment is performed. A contact material having weldability and high arc resistance can be obtained.
The reason why the graphite or carbon nanotube is set in the range of 0.05 to 5.0 wt% is that if the amount is less than 0.05 wt%, the welding resistance effect cannot be obtained, whereas if it exceeds 5.0 wt%, the workability is reduced. This is because a significant decrease is observed.
The reason why tungsten carbide is set in the range of 0.05 to 5.0 wt% is that if it is less than 0.05 wt%, the effect of improving arc resistance cannot be obtained, whereas if it exceeds 5.0 wt%, the workability is improved. This is because a significant decrease is observed.
本発明のＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料は、上記本発明のＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の製造方法により作製されたことを特徴とする。すなわち、このＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料では、上記本発明のＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の製造方法により作製されているので、ＡｇとＮｉとが均一微細分散されており、優れた耐溶着性及び耐消耗性が得られる。 The Ag—Ni electric contact material of the present invention is produced by the above-described method for producing an Ag—Ni electric contact material of the present invention. That is, since this Ag—Ni-based electrical contact material is produced by the above-described method for producing an Ag—Ni-based electrical contact material of the present invention, Ag and Ni are uniformly and finely dispersed, and have excellent welding resistance. And wear resistance is obtained.
本発明によれば、以下の効果を奏する。
すなわち、本発明に係るＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の製造方法によれば、Ｎｉ溶液とＡｇ粉末とを混合し乾燥させ、さらにこれを金属塩の熱分解温度以上で分解還元処理を施してＮｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末とし、さらにこれをメカニカルアロイング処理又はボールミル粉砕混合処理するので、湿式専用のプラント等の高価な設備が不要であると共に、ＡｇとＮｉとの高い均一分散が得られ、耐溶着性及び耐消耗性の一層の向上を図ることができる。したがって、この製法で作製されたＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料によれば、微小電流及び制御電源遮断回路による電気的及び機械的磨耗を伴う開閉部において、より優れた高耐久性を得ることができる。
The present invention has the following effects.
That is, according to the method for producing an Ag—Ni-based electrical contact material according to the present invention, the Ni solution and the Ag powder are mixed and dried, and further subjected to decomposition reduction treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than the thermal decomposition temperature of the metal salt. Since it is coated Ag powder, and this is mechanically alloyed or ball mill pulverized and mixed, expensive equipment such as a wet-type plant is not required, and a high uniform dispersion of Ag and Ni is obtained, resulting in welding resistance. In addition, the wear resistance can be further improved. Therefore, according to the Ag-Ni-based electrical contact material produced by this manufacturing method, it is possible to obtain better durability in a switching part accompanied by electrical and mechanical wear due to a minute current and a control power cut-off circuit. .
以下、本発明に係るＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料及びその製造方法の一実施形態を、図１及び図２を参照しながら説明する。 Hereinafter, an embodiment of an Ag—Ni-based electrical contact material and a method for producing the same according to the present invention will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 and 2.
本実施形態のＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の製造方法は、金属Ｎｉ換算０．１〜２５ｗｔ％相当の金属塩を含むＮｉ溶液と平均粒径５０μｍ以下のＡｇ粉末とを混合し乾燥させ、さらにこれを金属塩の熱分解温度以上で分解還元処理を施してＮｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末とする工程と、Ｎｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末をメカニカルアロイング処理又はボールミル粉砕混合処理する微細分散工程と、を有する。
また、上記微細分散工程において、グラファイト又はカーボンナノチューブ：０．０５〜５．０ｗｔ％、タングステンカーバイド：０．０５〜５．０ｗｔ％の１種以上を添加してメカニカルアロイング処理又はボールミル粉砕混合処理を行っても良い。
The manufacturing method of the Ag-Ni system electrical contact material of this embodiment mixes and dry Ni solution containing the metal salt equivalent to 0.1-25 wt% of metal Ni, and Ag powder with an average particle diameter of 50 micrometers or less, It has a step of subjecting this to a decomposition and reduction treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than the thermal decomposition temperature of the metal salt to form a Ni-coated Ag powder, and a fine dispersion step of subjecting the Ni-coated Ag powder to a mechanical alloying treatment or ball mill pulverization and mixing treatment.
Further, in the fine dispersion step, one or more of graphite or carbon nanotubes: 0.05 to 5.0 wt%, tungsten carbide: 0.05 to 5.0 wt% is added, and mechanical alloying treatment or ball mill pulverization mixing treatment is performed. May be performed.
上記Ｎｉ溶液としては、例えば硝酸Ｎｉ六水和物（Ｎｉ（ＮＯ３）２・６Ｈ２Ｏ）が好ましいが、硫酸ニッケル系、塩化ニッケル系、酢酸ニッケル系、硫酸アンモニウム系、クエン酸系、臭化ニッケル系、蓚酸ニッケル系、金属アルコラート系、アセトニトリル系、アミド硫酸系等の他の金属塩水溶液を採用しても構わない。
上記Ｎｉ溶液とＡｇ粉末との混合は、万能混練機又はボールミルなどを用いて行う。
The Ni solution is preferably, for example, Ni nitrate hexahydrate (Ni (NO 3) 2 .6H 2 O), but nickel sulfate, nickel chloride, nickel acetate, ammonium sulfate, citric acid, nickel bromide, Other metal salt aqueous solutions such as nickel oxalate, metal alcoholate, acetonitrile, and amidosulfuric acid may be used.
The Ni solution and Ag powder are mixed using a universal kneader or a ball mill.
このＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の製造方法では、Ｎｉ溶液とＡｇ粉末とを混合し乾燥させることで、Ａｇ粉末表面が硝酸Ｎｉの膜で覆われた膜付き粉末が得られる。この際、Ｎｉ溶液を用いるが、Ａｇ及びＮｉの両方の金属塩を含有する溶液を用いる従来技術に比べて極めて少量であると共に、混合、乾燥により膜付き粉末の状態とするため、特に湿式専用の設備を必要としない。次に、この膜付き粉末を、金属塩の熱分解温度以上で分解還元処理を施すことで、表面に微細なＮｉ粉末が均一に付着したＮｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末が得られる。 In this method for producing an Ag—Ni-based electrical contact material, Ni powder and Ag powder are mixed and dried to obtain a powder with a film in which the surface of the Ag powder is covered with a film of Ni nitrate. At this time, Ni solution is used, but it is very small compared to the prior art using a solution containing both Ag and Ni metal salts, and it is in a powdered state by mixing and drying. No need for equipment. Next, this film-coated powder is subjected to a decomposition and reduction treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than the thermal decomposition temperature of the metal salt, whereby a Ni-coated Ag powder in which fine Ni powder uniformly adheres to the surface is obtained.
さらに、このＮｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末をメカニカルアロイング処理又はボールミル粉砕混合処理するので、表面に付着していた微細なＮｉ粉末がＡｇ粉末内に練り込まれて均一微細分散される。したがって、湿式専用のプラント等の高価な設備が不要であると共に、ＡｇとＮｉとの高い均一分散が得られ、耐溶着性及び耐消耗性の一層の向上を図ることができる。
また、上記組成成分でグラファイト又はカーボンナノチューブ、タングステンカーバイドの１種以上を添加してメカニカルアロイング処理又はボールミル粉砕混合処理を行うので、より高い耐溶着性及び高い耐アーク性等を有する接点材料を得ることができる。
このように作製された上記粉末を成形し、焼結することで、ＡｇとＮｉとが高均一分散されたＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料を得ることができる。
Furthermore, since this Ni-coated Ag powder is mechanically alloyed or ball milled and mixed, the fine Ni powder adhering to the surface is kneaded into the Ag powder and uniformly finely dispersed. Therefore, expensive equipment such as a wet-type plant is unnecessary, and a high uniform dispersion of Ag and Ni can be obtained, so that the welding resistance and the wear resistance can be further improved.
Further, since one or more of graphite, carbon nanotube, and tungsten carbide is added as the above composition component and mechanical alloying treatment or ball mill pulverization mixing treatment is performed, a contact material having higher welding resistance, high arc resistance, etc. Obtainable.
By molding and sintering the powder thus produced, an Ag-Ni electric contact material in which Ag and Ni are highly uniformly dispersed can be obtained.
次に、本発明に係るＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の製造方法により、実際にＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料を作製して評価した結果について、説明する。 Next, the results of actually producing and evaluating an Ag—Ni electrical contact material by the method for producing an Ag—Ni electrical contact material according to the present invention will be described.
本発明に係るＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の実施例を、以下の工程で作製した。
まず、５０μｍ以下の粒度のＡｇ粉末と金属塩としての硝酸Ｎｉを金属Ｎｉとして、以下の表１に示す割合になるように配合した。このとき、硝酸Ｎｉは水溶液として添加する。次に、万能混合機にて上記配合のＡｇ粉末及び硝酸Ｎｉ水溶液をスラリー状から粉末になるまで撹拌混合し乾燥して膜付き粉末とする。さらに、この膜付き粉末を水素雰囲気中にて４５０℃、２時間保持する分解還元処理を行い、硝酸Ｎｉの熱分解を行うことで、Ｎｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末とする。
An example of an Ag—Ni-based electrical contact material according to the present invention was produced by the following steps.
First, Ag powder having a particle size of 50 μm or less and Ni nitrate as a metal salt were used as metal Ni so as to have a ratio shown in Table 1 below. At this time, Ni nitrate is added as an aqueous solution. Next, Ag powder and Ni nitrate aqueous solution of the above blending are stirred and mixed until they change from slurry to powder in a universal mixer and dried to form a powder with a film. Further, the film-coated powder is subjected to a decomposition and reduction treatment that is held at 450 ° C. for 2 hours in a hydrogen atmosphere to thermally decompose Ni nitrate, thereby obtaining Ni-coated Ag powder.
次に、上記分解還元処理後のＮｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末を、φ１０ｍｍの超硬ボールを投入したボールミルにて２４時間粉砕混合処理を行う。なお、ボールミル粉砕混合処理の代わりにメカニカルアロイング処理を施しても構わない。
さらに、上記粉砕混合処理を行った粉末を、２０ＫＮ／ｍｍ２で金型成形し、φ７０×５０ｍｍの成形体を得る。
Next, the Ni-coated Ag powder after the above-described decomposition reduction treatment is pulverized and mixed for 24 hours in a ball mill into which φ10 mm carbide balls are put. In addition, you may perform a mechanical alloying process instead of a ball mill grinding | pulverization mixing process.
Further, the powder that has been subjected to the above pulverization and mixing treatment is die-molded at 20 KN / mm 2 to obtain a molded body of φ70 × 50 mm.
次に、この成形体を水素雰囲気中で７５０℃、２時間の焼結を行って焼結体とした後、さらに、この焼結体を７０ＫＮ／ｍｍ２でコイニングし、緻密化を図る。この緻密化したものを８００℃に加熱後、熱間押し出し機にてφ５ｍｍに押し出し伸線加工を施し、φ１．９ｍｍの線を得る。そして、伸線したものをヘッダー加工によりφ３×１ｍｍ〜φ２×２ｍｍのリベット接点とし、本発明の実施例とした。 Next, this molded body is sintered at 750 ° C. for 2 hours in a hydrogen atmosphere to obtain a sintered body, and then the sintered body is coined at 70 KN / mm 2 for densification. This densified material is heated to 800 ° C. and then subjected to a wire drawing process of φ5 mm with a hot extruder to obtain a wire of φ1.9 mm. And what was drawn was made into the rivet contact of (phi) 3 * 1mm-(phi) 2 * 2mm by header processing, and it was set as the Example of this invention.
なお、本発明の別の実施例として、分解還元処理後のＮｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末の粉砕時に、Ｇｒ（グラファイト）又はＷＣ（タングステンカーバイド）を以下の表２に示す割合になるように同時添加し、上記粉砕混合処理を施す以外は上記実施例と同様の処理を行ってリベット接点とし、別の実施例とした。 As another example of the present invention, Gr (graphite) or WC (tungsten carbide) was added at the same time as shown in Table 2 below when pulverizing Ni-coated Ag powder after decomposition and reduction treatment, Except for the pulverization and mixing process, the same process as in the above example was performed to obtain a rivet contact, which was another example.
さらに、比較例として、以下の表３に示す割合になるように配合したＡｇ粉末（平均粒径５０μｍのもの）とＮｉ粉末とを用意し、Ｖ型混合機を用いて一般的な混合処理を行ったものも作製した。この混合処理では、混合時間を３時間とした。また、混合処理後は、上記実施例と同様の金型成形、焼結及びコイニング、押し出し、伸線加工、ヘッダー加工を行って表３の試料１３〜１８の電気接点材料とした。 Further, as a comparative example, Ag powder (with an average particle size of 50 μm) and Ni powder blended so as to have the ratio shown in Table 3 below are prepared, and a general mixing process is performed using a V-type mixer. What was done was also made. In this mixing process, the mixing time was 3 hours. In addition, after the mixing treatment, the same mold forming, sintering and coining, extrusion, wire drawing, and header processing as in the above example were performed to obtain the electrical contact materials of Samples 13 to 18 in Table 3.
上記実施例及び比較例の試験として、上記リベット接点としたものをＡＳＴＭ（American Society for Testing and Materials：米国材料試験協会) 電気接点試験機用の台金にかしめて電気試験を行った。この電気試験の条件は、ＡＣ２１０Ｖ、抵抗負荷２０Ａ、１秒ＯＮ／４秒ＯＦＦ、接点接触力４０ｇｆ、接点開離力４０ｇｆ及び開閉目標試験回数1万回とした。
そして、この電気試験における評価として、電気試験による耐久回数と開閉試験前後の重量差である接点消耗重量（消耗量）とを調べた。これらの評価結果も表１〜表３に示す。
As a test of the above-mentioned Examples and Comparative Examples, an electrical test was performed by caulking a rivet contact with a base for an ASTM (American Society for Testing and Materials) electrical contact tester. The conditions of this electrical test were AC210V, resistance load 20A, 1 second ON / 4 seconds OFF, contact contact force 40 gf, contact opening force 40 gf, and opening / closing target test number 10,000 times.
As the evaluation in this electrical test, the number of times of durability in the electrical test and the contact consumption weight (consumption amount), which is the weight difference before and after the switching test, were examined. These evaluation results are also shown in Tables 1 to 3.
上記試験結果からわかるように、表１に示す本発明の実施例では、同様の組成成分の従来例に比べて高い耐久回数が得られていると共に少ない接点消耗重量となっている。また、グラファイト又はタングステンカーバイドを添加した実施例では、添加しない実施例に比べてより高い耐久回数が得られている。 As can be seen from the above test results, in the examples of the present invention shown in Table 1, the number of times of durability is higher and the contact consumption weight is lower than in the conventional example having the same composition component. Moreover, in the Example which added the graphite or the tungsten carbide, the durability frequency higher than the Example which does not add is obtained.
なお、本発明の技術範囲は上記実施形態及び上記実施例に限定されるものではなく、本発明の趣旨を逸脱しない範囲において種々の変更を加えることが可能である。 The technical scope of the present invention is not limited to the above-described embodiments and examples, and various modifications can be made without departing from the spirit of the present invention.
Claims (3)
前記Ｎｉ被覆Ａｇ粉末をメカニカルアロイング処理又はボールミル粉砕混合処理する微細分散工程と、を有することを特徴とするＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の製造方法。 A Ni solution containing a metal salt equivalent to 0.1 to 25 wt% in terms of metallic Ni and an Ag powder having an average particle size of 50 μm or less are mixed and dried, and further subjected to decomposition and reduction treatment at a temperature equal to or higher than the thermal decomposition temperature of the metal salt. And Ni-coated Ag powder,
And a fine dispersion step in which the Ni-coated Ag powder is mechanically alloyed or ball milled and mixed.
前記微細分散工程で、グラファイト又はカーボンナノチューブ：０．０５〜５．０ｗｔ％、
タングステンカーバイド：０．０５〜５．０ｗｔ％
の１種以上を添加して前記メカニカルアロイング処理又は前記ボールミル粉砕混合処理を行うことを特徴とするＡｇ−Ｎｉ系電気接点材料の製造方法。 In the manufacturing method of the Ag-Ni type electric contact material according to claim 1,
In the fine dispersion step, graphite or carbon nanotubes: 0.05 to 5.0 wt%,
Tungsten carbide: 0.05-5.0 wt%
A method for producing an Ag—Ni-based electrical contact material, wherein the mechanical alloying treatment or the ball mill pulverization mixing treatment is performed by adding one or more of the above.
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