JP2009028693A - Coat forming method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of forming a multi-layer coat with excellent designability and metallic gloss. <P>SOLUTION: This coat forming method is for forming a multi-layer coat structured of a base coating containing a sheeny material, formed by spray coating, with the help of an air spray gun, a base coating material with a sheeny material, which contains a colloidal particle containing a precious metal and/or a metal and a coat forming resin, on a material to be coated with a prime coating. Further, a clear coating is formed on the base coating. The base coating material containing the sheeny material, has a solid content of 1.0 to 5.0 mass% during spray coating and the content concentration (PWC) of the sheeny material of the coating material solid content is 80 to 99 mass%. The spray coating conditions are: the nozzle bore of the spray gun: not more than 1.0 mm, the spray air pressure: 0.05 to 0.20 MPa and the coating material discharge amount: 12 to 130 cc/min. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method of forming a multilayer coating film having a metallic luster excellent in design properties.

  In recent years, there has been a demand for high design in the appearance of automobile parts such as automobile bodies and aluminum wheels, and electric appliances such as mobile phones and personal computers, and technology for imparting metallic gloss like a mirror surface to the surface has become important. ing. As such a technique, a metal plating process and a metal vapor deposition process have been conventionally known. By these techniques, a metallic gloss is imparted to the surface, and an appearance having excellent design properties is obtained. However, with regard to the metal plating treatment, there are problems in that the drainage or the like has a large load on the environment, and that the base material is limited to a conductive material. Further, regarding the metal vapor deposition treatment, it is necessary to install a base material in a vacuum or a decompression vessel, and there is a problem in that it cannot be applied to a large base material. Furthermore, both the metal plating process and the metal vapor deposition process require large-scale equipment, and the development of alternative means has been desired from the viewpoint of cost.

  Under such circumstances, in recent years, a technique for imparting metallic luster by painting has been developed. For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a paint containing a metallic piece obtained by pulverizing a deposited metal film, such as an aluminum deposited film, as a bright pigment, and a method for forming a coating film using the paint. It is described that a coating film having an appropriate metal surface gloss can be obtained. However, the metal surface gloss of this coating film is not as strong as the mirror surface gloss, and from the viewpoint of design, a coating film forming technique that imparts a stronger gloss has been desired.

  Patent Document 2 discloses a paint containing colloidal particles of noble metal or copper and a method for forming a metal thin film using the paint, and it is described that the metal thin film has a metallic luster of plating tone. . However, the paint described in Patent Document 2 satisfies the required performance for special applications, and further improvement is necessary for use as a general paint. That is, the coating material is a coating material for forming electrodes such as electronic parts and metal thin films for wiring. Patent Document 2 does not describe formation of a coating film having a high design property such as specular gloss.

  In general, in order to form a multi-layer coating film having a metallic luster with a high design property, the coating film containing the glittering material needs to be a thin and uniform continuous coating film, and the pigment in the coating film It is preferable to reduce other components. For this purpose, a coating technique that enables the formation of a thin film-like continuous coating film is required even if almost no film-forming component is used, but such a coating technique has not existed conventionally.

JP 11-343431 A JP 2000-239853 A

  The objective of this invention is providing the method of forming the multilayer coating film which has the metallic luster excellent in the designability.

As a result of intensive studies to achieve the above-mentioned object, the present inventors used a specific glittering material-containing base paint containing a noble metal pigment and / or colloidal particles containing a metal and a film-forming resin. It has been found that by using it in combination with the coating method, it is possible to form a thin film-like continuous coating film having a metallic luster excellent in design properties and a multilayer coating film containing the continuous coating film, which can suppress unevenness and white blurring. It was.
That is, the present invention atomizes a glittering material-containing base paint containing a noble metal and / or colloidal particles containing a metal and a film-forming resin on a material to be coated with an undercoat film using an air spray gun. A method for forming a multi-layer coating film in which a glittering material-containing base coating film is formed by coating, and further a clear coating film is sequentially formed, wherein the glittering material-containing base coating material has a solid content of 1.0 to 1.0 5.0% by mass, the content concentration (PWC) of the glittering material in the solid content of the paint is 80 to 98% by mass, the atomization coating conditions are such that the nozzle diameter of the spray gun is 1.0 mm or less, and the atomizing air pressure is The present invention provides a method for forming a multilayer coating film, characterized by being 0.05 to 0.20 MPa and a coating material discharge rate of 12 to 130 cc / min.

ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the method of forming the multilayer coating film which is excellent in design property and has metal-like glossiness is provided. The above-mentioned glitter material-containing base paint contains a noble metal as a pigment and / or colloidal particles containing a metal and a film-forming resin, and has a solid content at the time of coating and a content concentration (PWC) of the glitter material in the paint solid content. A glittering material-containing base coating film having a metallic luster excellent in design is formed by spray-coating the paint under specific conditions. Note that “having a metallic gloss” means, for example, that when the noble metal is used as the colloidal particles, the original noble metal itself has a gloss when the other noble metal is used. Is to show the gloss of the original simple metal possessed by the simple metal.
In addition, by using the coating method of the present invention, it is possible to economically form a multi-layer coating film excellent in design without the need to use a bright material-containing base coating in excess of the necessary amount.

  The multilayer coating film forming method of the present invention is a method for forming a multilayer coating film in which an undercoat coating film, a glittering material-containing base coating film, and a clear coating film are sequentially formed on a material to be coated, which contains a specific glittering material. A glittering material-containing base coating film is formed by applying a base paint by a specific method.

[Bright paint containing base paint]
The glittering material-containing base coating used in the present invention contains a glittering material which is a colloidal particle containing a noble metal and / or a metal (hereinafter sometimes referred to as a noble metal) as a pigment. The solid content during coating in the glittering material-containing base coating is 1 to 5% by mass, preferably 1.2 to 4% by mass. If it is less than 1% by mass, a continuous coating film is difficult to be formed, and if it exceeds 5% by mass, it is difficult to make colloidal particles fine. The content concentration (PWC) of colloidal particles containing noble metal and the like in the solid content of the paint at the time of coating is 80 to 98% by mass, preferably 85 to 98% by mass. When it is less than 80% by mass, it is difficult to obtain a metallic gloss, and when it exceeds 98% by mass, a resin component or the like sufficient for forming a coating film cannot be obtained, and a uniform continuous coating film is hardly formed. The composition of the solid content of the paint excluding colloidal particles containing noble metal and the like can be appropriately determined according to the purpose, but the content of the film-forming resin is 1 to 15 with respect to the solid content of the colloidal particles containing noble metal and the like. % By mass is preferable, and 5 to 15% by mass is more preferable. When the amount is less than 1% by mass, a uniform continuous coating film is hardly formed. When the amount is more than 15% by mass, a metal-tone coating film having excellent design properties is hardly obtained.

  The glittering material-containing base paint used in the present invention is obtained by special blending as described above, the amount of solids in the paint at the time of painting is considerably small, and most of the solids are pigments. It is occupied by colloidal particles such as certain precious metals. In the present invention, by using a combination of optimum conditions when applying the coating material, unevenness and white blurring can be suppressed, and a thin film coating film having excellent metallic gloss can be obtained.

  The colloidal particles containing the noble metal and / or metal in the glittering material-containing base coating used in the present invention have a particle diameter of about 1 to 100 nm, and the colloidal particles can be obtained by a known method such as a liquid phase method or a gas phase method. It is done. For example, a production process in which a noble metal or a metal compound is reduced in the presence of a polymer pigment dispersant to obtain colloidal particles such as noble metal, and the colloidal particle solution such as noble metal obtained in the above production process is limited. The colloidal particles used in the present invention are obtained by the concentration step of filtration. The particle diameter of the colloidal particles was measured by a dynamic light scattering method using laser light, and displayed as a volume-based median diameter.

  The noble metal used in the glittering material-containing base paint used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include gold, silver, ruthenium, rhodium, palladium, osmium, iridium, and platinum. Of these, gold, silver, platinum and palladium are preferable, and silver or gold is particularly preferable from the viewpoint of high gloss.

  The metal used in the glittering material-containing base coating used in the present invention is not particularly limited. For example, copper, nickel, bismuth, indium, cobalt, zinc, tungsten, chromium, iron, molybdenum, tantalum, manganese, tin, titanium, etc. Can be mentioned.

  As the noble metal and / or colloidal particles containing a metal used in the present invention, at least two kinds of the above-mentioned noble metals and metals may be combined (composite metal colloid), or simply mixed (mixed colloid). It can also be used. Examples of the composite metal colloid include composite metal colloid particles having a core-shell structure. The composite metal colloid is one in which the colloidal particles are composed of two or more kinds of metals, and the mixed colloid is obtained by mixing two or more kinds of colloids.

  The compound such as the noble metal used for preparing the colloidal particles such as noble metal is not particularly limited as long as it contains the noble metal and the like. For example, tetrachloroauric (III) acid tetrahydrate ( Chloroauric acid), silver nitrate, silver acetate, silver perchlorate (IV), hexachloroplatinic (IV) acid hexahydrate (chloroplatinic acid), potassium chloroplatinate, copper (II) chloride dihydrate, acetic acid Examples thereof include copper (II) monohydrate, copper (II) sulfate, palladium (II) chloride dihydrate, rhodium trichloride (III) trihydrate, and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  In the colloidal particle preparation method, the compound such as a noble metal is preferably used so that the molar concentration of the noble metal or the like is 0.01 mol / l or more in the solution before the ultrafiltration treatment. If it is less than 0.01 mol / l, the resulting colloidal particle solution such as noble metal has a too low molar concentration of noble metal or the like, which is not efficient. From the above viewpoint, it is more preferably 0.05 mol / l or more, and further preferably 0.1 mol / l or more.

  The polymer pigment dispersant is an amphiphilic high molecular weight copolymer including a functional group having a high affinity for colloidal particles and a solvation part, and is usually used as a pigment dispersant in the production of a pigment paste. It is what.

  In the above colloidal particle preparation method, the polymer pigment dispersant coexists with colloidal particles such as noble metals and is considered to function to stabilize the dispersion of colloidal particles such as noble metals in a solvent. . The number average molecular weight of the polymer pigment dispersant is preferably 1,000 to 1,000,000. If it is less than 1000, the dispersion stability may not be sufficient, and if it exceeds 1,000,000, the viscosity may be too high and handling may be difficult. From the above viewpoint, the number average molecular weight is more preferably 2000 to 500,000, and further preferably 4000 to 500,000. In addition, the said number average molecular weight is the value which converted the measured value by the gel permeation chromatography (GPC) method by the polystyrene standard.

  The polymer pigment dispersant is not particularly limited as long as it has the above-described properties, and examples thereof include those disclosed in JP-A-11-80647. Commercially available products can also be used, for example, Solsperse 20000, Solsperse 24000, Solsperse 26000, Solsperse 27000, Solsperse 28000, Solsperse 32550, Solsperse 35100, Solsperse 37500, Solsperse 41090 (above, Lubrizol Corporation), Dispersic 160, Dispersic 161, Dispersic 162, Dispersic 163, Dispersic 166, Dispersic 170, Dispersic 180, Dispersic 181, Dispersic 182, Dispersic 183, Dispersic 184, Dispersic 190, Dispersic 191, Dispersic 192, Dispersic 2000, Dispersic 2 01 (manufactured by Big Chemie), polymer 100, polymer 120, polymer 150, polymer 400, polymer 401, polymer 402, polymer 403, polymer 450, polymer 451, polymer 452, polymer 453, EFKA-46, EFKA-47, EFKA-48, EFKA-49, EFKA-1501, EFKA-1502, EFKA-4540, EFKA-4550 (manufactured by Fuka Additives), florene DOPA-158, florene DOPA-22, florene DOPA-17, florene G-700, Floren TG-720W, Floren-730W, Floren-740W, Floren-745W (manufactured by Kyoeisha), Addispar PA111, Addispar PB711, Addispar PB811, Jisupa PB821, Ajisper PW911 (manufactured by Ajinomoto Co.), Joncryl 678, Joncryl 679, Joncryl 62 (or more, Johnson Polymer Co., Ltd.) and the like. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more.

  The amount of the polymer pigment dispersant used is preferably 30% by mass or less based on the total amount of the noble metal and the like in the compound such as the noble metal and the polymer pigment dispersant. If it exceeds 30% by mass, the concentration of noble metals or the like in the solid content in the solution may not be increased to a desired concentration even if an ultrafiltration treatment is performed in the subsequent concentration step. From the above viewpoint, the amount of the polymer pigment dispersant used is preferably 20% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the noble metal and the like in the compound such as the noble metal and the polymer pigment dispersant. More preferably it is.

  In the reduction of a compound such as a noble metal in the colloidal particle preparation method, it is preferable to use an amine as a reducing agent. For example, an amine is added to a solution of the compound such as the noble metal and a polymer pigment dispersant and stirred. By mixing, noble metal ions or metal ions are reduced to noble metals or metals at around room temperature. By using the above-mentioned amine, it is necessary to use a reducing agent having high risk and toxicity, and without using heating or a special light irradiation device, about 5 to 100 ° C., preferably 20 to 80 ° C. A compound such as a noble metal can be reduced at a moderate reaction temperature.

  The amine is not particularly limited and, for example, those exemplified in JP-A No. 11-80647 can be used. Propylamine, butylamine, hexylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, dimethylethylamine, diethylmethyl Amine, triethylamine, ethylenediamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylethylenediamine, 1,3-diaminopropane, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethyl-1,3-diaminopropane, triethylenetetramine Aliphatic amines such as tetraethylenepentamine; alicyclic amines such as piperidine, N-methylpiperidine, piperazine, N, N′-dimethylpiperazine, pyrrolidine, N-methylpyrrolidine, morpholine; aniline, N-methylaniline, N, N-dimethylaniline Aromatic amines such as toluidine, anisidine, phenetidine; benzylamine, N-methylbenzylamine, N, N-dimethylbenzylamine, phenethylamine, xylylenediamine, N, N, N ′, N′-tetramethylxylylenediamine, etc. And aralkylamine. Examples of the amine include methylaminoethanol, dimethylaminoethanol, triethanolamine, ethanolamine, diethanolamine, methyldiethanolamine, propanolamine, 2- (3-aminopropylamino) ethanol, butanolamine, hexanolamine, and dimethylamino. Mention may also be made of alkanolamines such as propanol. These may be used alone or in combination of two or more. Of these, alkanolamine is preferable, and dimethylaminoethanol is more preferable.

  Other reducing agents for the above amines include alkali metal borohydrides such as sodium borohydride; hydrazine compounds; hydroxylamine; citric acid; tartaric acid; ascorbic acid; formic acid; formaldehyde; nitrite and sulfoxylate derivatives Etc. Among these, citric acid; tartaric acid; ascorbic acid is preferable because it is easily available. These can be used alone or in combination with the above-mentioned amines, but when combining an amine with citric acid, tartaric acid and ascorbic acid, citric acid, tartaric acid and ascorbic acid are used in the form of salts, respectively. It is preferable. Moreover, citric acid and a sulfoxylate derivative can improve the reducibility by using together with an iron (II) ion.

  The amount of the reducing compound added is preferably equal to or greater than the amount necessary for reducing the noble metal in the compound such as the noble metal. If the amount is less than this amount, reduction may be insufficient. Moreover, although an upper limit is not specified in particular, it is preferably 30 times or less, more preferably 10 times or less the amount necessary for the reduction of the noble metal in the compound such as the noble metal. In addition to the method of chemically reducing by addition of these reducing compounds, it is also possible to use a method of irradiating light using a high-pressure mercury lamp.

  The method for adding the reducing compound is not particularly limited, and can be performed, for example, after the addition of the polymer pigment dispersant. In this case, for example, the polymer pigment dispersant is first dissolved in a solvent, Furthermore, the reduction can be advanced by adding the remaining compound such as the reducing compound or the noble metal to a solution obtained by dissolving either the reducing compound or the compound such as the noble metal. In addition, as a method of adding the reducing compound, a form in which a polymer pigment dispersant and the reducing compound are mixed in advance and the mixture is added to a solution of a compound such as a noble metal may be employed.

  By carrying out ultrafiltration treatment on the colloidal particle solution such as noble metal obtained by the above reduction treatment, high concentration and impurities (miscellaneous ions, salts, amines and polymer pigment dispersants) suitable for the preparation of glittering material-containing base coatings ) Less colloidal particle solution. The precious metal or metal content in the solid content of the solution after the treatment is preferably 83% by mass or more and less than 99% by mass, more preferably 90% by mass or more and less than 98% by mass, and 93% by mass. More preferably, it is less than 98 mass%. When a glittering material-containing base coating is prepared using a solution of less than 83% by mass, there is a possibility that a problem may occur in the glossiness when the heating conditions during the coating film formation are moderated. Further, if it is 99% by mass or more, the dispersion stability of the colloidal particles may be impaired.

  The content of noble metal or metal in the solid content contained in the colloidal particle solution obtained by the above method is higher than before. For this reason, the use of a glittering material-containing base paint containing the above colloidal particles has a high gloss even when the heating conditions during the formation of the coating are milder than usual, and the metallic particle feel more than the plated coating. It is possible to obtain a coating film exhibiting a metallic feeling that does not feel the above. For this reason, even when applied to materials with a relatively low heat-resistant temperature, such as substrates such as plastic and paper, etc., these substrates have high gloss and are more It is possible to form a coating film having a metallic feeling that does not give a metallic particle feeling.

  Examples of the film-forming resin in the glittering material-containing base paint used in the present invention include acrylic resins, polyester resins, alkyd resins, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, polyether resins, and the like. Can be used alone or in combination of two or more. The coating film-forming resin includes a curable type and a lacquer type. Usually, a type having a curable functional group is used. In the case of a type having a curable functional group, it is used by mixing with a crosslinking agent such as an amino resin, a (block) polyisocyanate compound, an amine, a polyamide, an imidazole, an imidazoline, a polyvalent carboxylic acid, The curing reaction can be allowed to proceed with heating or at room temperature. Moreover, it is also possible to use together the lacquer type film-forming resin which does not have a curable functional group, and the type which has a curable functional group. The crosslinking agent is preferably at least one of an amino resin and a block polyisocyanate compound. When using a crosslinking agent, the ratio of the film-forming resin to the crosslinking agent is 99 to 50% by mass of the film-forming resin and 1 to 50% by mass of the crosslinking agent, preferably in terms of solid content. The film-forming resin is 99 to 70% by mass, and the crosslinking agent is 1 to 30% by mass. When the crosslinking agent is less than 1% by mass (when the coating film-forming resin exceeds 99% by mass), crosslinking in the coating film is not sufficient. On the other hand, when the crosslinking agent exceeds 50% by mass (when the coating film-forming resin is less than 50% by mass), the storage stability of the paint is lowered and the curing rate is increased, so that the coating film appearance is deteriorated.

  Examples of the acrylic resin include copolymers of acrylic monomers and other ethylenically unsaturated monomers. Examples of the acrylic monomer that can be used in the copolymer include methyl, ethyl, propyl, n-butyl, i-butyl, t-butyl, 2-ethylhexyl, lauryl, phenyl, benzyl, 2- Esterified compounds such as hydroxyethyl, 2-hydroxypropyl, 4-hydroxybutyl, ring-opening adducts of caprolactone of acrylic acid or 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate, glycidyl acrylate, glycidyl methacrylate, acrylamide, methacrylamide and N -Methylol acrylamide, polyhydric alcohol (meth) acrylic acid esters, acrylic acid, methacrylic acid, and phosphoric acid group-containing (meth) acrylic acid esters described later. Examples of the other ethylenically unsaturated monomers copolymerizable with these include styrene, α-methylstyrene, itaconic acid, maleic acid, and vinyl acetate.

  As said polyester resin, saturated polyester resin and unsaturated polyester resin are mentioned, For example, the condensate obtained by heat-condensing a polybasic acid and a polyhydric alcohol is mentioned. Examples of the polybasic acid include saturated polybasic acids such as phthalic anhydride, terephthalic acid and succinic acid, and unsaturated polybasic acids such as maleic acid, maleic anhydride and fumaric acid. Examples of the polyhydric alcohol include dihydric alcohols such as ethylene glycol and diethylene glycol, and trihydric alcohols such as glycerin and trimethylolpropane.

  As the alkyd resin, the polybasic acid and the polyhydric alcohol are further reacted with a modifying agent such as an oil / fat fatty acid (soybean oil, linseed oil, coconut oil, stearic acid, etc.), or a natural resin (rosin, succinic acid, etc.). The alkyd resin obtained by making it use can be used.

  As said epoxy resin, resin etc. which are obtained by reaction of bisphenol and epichlorohydrin are mentioned. Examples of bisphenol include bisphenol A and bisphenol F. Examples of the bisphenol type epoxy resin include Epicoat 828, Epicoat 1001, Epicoat 1004, Epicoat 1007, and Epicoat 1009 (all trade names, manufactured by Shell Chemical Co., Ltd.). A chain-extended one can also be used.

  As said polyurethane resin, resin which has a urethane bond obtained by reaction of various polyol components, such as an acryl, polyester, polyether, a polycarbonate, and a polyisocyanate compound is mentioned. Examples of the polyisocyanate compound include 2,4-tolylene diisocyanate (2,4-TDI), 2,6-tolylene diisocyanate (2,6-TDI), and mixtures thereof (TDI), diphenylmethane-4,4 ′. Diisocyanate (4,4′-MDI), diphenylmethane-2,4′-diisocyanate (2,4′-MDI), and mixtures thereof (MDI), naphthalene-1,5-diisocyanate (NDI), 3,3 ′ -Dimethyl-4,4'-biphenylene diisocyanate, xylylene diisocyanate (XDI), dicyclohexylmethane diisocyanate (hydrogenated HDI), isophorone diisocyanate (IPDI), hexamethylene diisocyanate (HDI), hydrogenated xylylene diisocyanate (HXDI) Etc. It is.

  The polyether resin is a polymer or copolymer having an ether bond, such as a polyoxyethylene-based polyether, a polyoxypropylene-based polyether, or a polyoxybutylene-based polyether, or bisphenol A or bisphenol F. Polyether resins having at least two hydroxyl groups per molecule, such as polyethers derived from aromatic polyhydroxy compounds. Also, the above polyether resin is reacted with a polyvalent carboxylic acid such as succinic acid, adipic acid, sebacic acid, phthalic acid, isophthalic acid, terephthalic acid, trimellitic acid, or a reactive derivative such as these acid anhydrides. And a carboxyl group-containing polyether resin obtained.

  A preferable film-forming resin includes an acrylic resin or a polyester resin, an acrylic resin is particularly preferable, and an acrylic resin containing a phosphoric acid group (hereinafter referred to as a phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin) is preferable. The solid content of the phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin is preferably 30 to 100% by mass, more preferably 50 to 100% by mass, based on the solid content in the coating film-forming resin. If the solid content of the phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin is less than 30% by mass, the water resistance and adhesion may be affected.

  As the phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin, an acrylic resin obtained by copolymerizing a monomer represented by the following general formula (I) and another ethylenically unsaturated monomer is used.

(In the formula, X represents a hydrogen atom or a methyl group, Y represents an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms, and n represents an integer of 3 to 30.)
The monomer represented by the general formula (I) is, for example, an alkylene oxide added to (meth) acrylic acid to form a polyalkylene glycol monoester, then reacted with phosphorus oxychloride to monoesterify phosphoric acid, It can be synthesized by hydrolyzing the product. In addition, even when normal phosphoric acid, metaphosphoric acid, phosphoric anhydride, phosphorus trichloride, phosphorus pentachloride or the like is used instead of phosphorus oxychloride, it can be synthesized by a conventional method.

  In the above addition reaction, the amount of alkylene oxide used may be essentially a stoichiometric amount of n moles depending on n in the general formula (I). For example, with respect to 1 mole of (meth) acrylic acid, The amount is usually 3 to 30 mol, preferably 4 to 15 mol, particularly preferably 5 to 10 mol. The alkylene oxide has 2 to 4 carbon atoms. Specific examples include ethylene oxide, propylene oxide, and butylene oxide. Examples of the catalyst include potassium hydroxide and sodium hydroxide. Moreover, n-methylpyrrolidone etc. are mentioned as a solvent. The reaction temperature can be 40 to 200 ° C., and the reaction time can be 0.5 to 5 hours.

  After the above addition reaction, phosphorous oxychloride is monoesterified. Esterification may be performed by a conventional method, for example, 0 to 100 ° C. and 0.5 to 5 hours. The amount of phosphorus oxychloride used may be a stoichiometric amount, but is, for example, 1 to 3 mol per 1 mol of the above addition product.

  Then, it hydrolyzes by a conventional method and the monomer (i) represented by general formula (I) is obtained. Specific examples of the monomer (i) include acid phosphooxyhexa (or dodeca) (oxypropylene) monomethacrylate and the like.

  A phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin is obtained by copolymerizing the monomer (i) with another ethylenically unsaturated monomer (ii) by a usual method. Examples of the other ethylenically unsaturated monomer (ii) include acrylic monomers and other ethylenically unsaturated monomers exemplified in the synthesis of the acrylic resin. As a copolymerization method, for example, each monomer mixture is mixed with a known polymerization initiator (eg, azobisisobutyronitrile) and heated to a polymerizable temperature (eg, propylene glycol monoethyl ether). ), And a method of ripening and aging into the reaction vessel. The polymerization conditions are appropriately selected. For example, the polymerization temperature is 80 to 150 ° C., and the polymerization time is 1 to 8 hours.

  In the polymerization reaction composition, the monomer (ii) is preferably 200 to 5000 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the monomer (i). When the amount of the monomer (ii) is less than 200 parts by mass, the water resistance is poor, and when it exceeds 5000 parts by mass, the effect of the phosphate group may not be exhibited.

  The phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin has a phosphoric acid group acid value of 70 to 150 mgKOH / g, a total acid value including other acid values of 70 to 200 mgKOH / g, a hydroxyl value of 50 to 220 mgKOH / g, a number The average molecular weight is preferably 2000 to 8000.

  When the acid value composed of the phosphoric acid group of the phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin is less than 70 mgKOH / g, the glittering material-containing base coating film may be broken, and the water resistance is further deteriorated. On the other hand, if it exceeds 150 mgKOH / g, the storage stability of the glittering material-containing base paint may be deteriorated. More preferably from the above viewpoint, the acid value composed of a phosphate group is 75 to 120 mgKOH / g.

  When the total acid value including other acid values of the phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin is less than 70 mgKOH / g, the glittering material-containing base coating film may be broken, and the water resistance is further deteriorated. On the other hand, if it exceeds 200 mgKOH / g, the storage stability of the glittering material-containing base paint may be deteriorated. From the above viewpoint, the acid value is more preferably 75 to 150 mgKOH / g.

  When the hydroxyl value of the above-mentioned phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin is less than 50 mgKOH / g, the water resistance deteriorates, and when it exceeds 220 mgKOH / g, the blister during the water resistance test deteriorates. From the above viewpoint, the hydroxyl value is more preferably 70 to 180 mgKOH / g.

  When the number average molecular weight of the phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin is less than 2000, the glittering material-containing base coating film may be cut off, and the curability is lowered. If it exceeds 8000, the appearance of the coating film may be deteriorated, and the viscosity becomes high and handling becomes difficult. From the above viewpoint, the number average molecular weight is more preferably 3000 to 6000.

  The phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin in the glittering material-containing base coating is preferably 0.01 to 20 parts by mass, more preferably 0.1 to 15 parts by mass, and still more preferably 0, with respect to 100 parts by mass of the solid content of the coating. 2 to 13 parts by mass are contained. If the content of the phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin is small, the glittering material-containing base coating film may be broken. Moreover, when there is too much content of a phosphoric acid group containing acrylic resin, it exists in the tendency for the external appearance of a coating film to worsen.

  In the present invention, it is preferable to use a mixed solvent of (A) an ester organic solvent having a boiling point of 70 to 130 ° C. and (B) a glycol or glycol ether organic solvent having a boiling point of 115 to 230 ° C. The content of the mixed solvent is such that the mass ratio of the solvent (A) to the solvent (B) is preferably in the range of 2/8 to 5/5, and more preferably in the range of 4/6 to 5/5. When the boiling point of the solvent is lower than the lower limit, the appearance of the coating film tends to deteriorate, and when it exceeds the upper limit, film breakage is likely to occur. On the other hand, when the mass ratio is lower than the lower limit, the appearance of the coating film is likely to be deteriorated, and when the mass ratio is higher than the upper limit, the film is likely to be broken.

  In the present invention, by using the above mixed solvent, compatibility with colloidal particles containing a noble metal or the like and a film-forming resin is increased. As a result, the paint can be kept in a uniform state from the time of storage until it is cured on the material to be coated, and a uniform thin film can be formed. Further, by combining solvents having different boiling points, it is possible to control the curing time and the coating state when the coating is cured, and the coating can be cured in a uniform state. As a result, it is possible to form a metallic gloss coating having excellent design properties.

  Examples of the solvent (A) include ethyl acetate, isopropyl acetate, butyl acetate, isobutyl acetate, methyl propionate and propyl acetate. Examples of the solvent (B) include ethylene glycol monomethyl ether, ethylene glycol monoethyl ether, ethylene glycol. Isopropyl ether, ethylene glycol-2-ethylhexyl ether, 3-methyl-3-methoxybutanol, 3-methoxybutanol, ethylene glycol monohexyl ether, ethylene glycol monobutyl ether, diethylene glycol monomethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether, diethylene glycol monoethyl ether acetate Propylene glycol monomethyl ether and propylene glycol monoethyl ether It is shown.

  The said solvent (A) may be used individually by 1 type, and may mix and use 2 or more types. Moreover, the said solvent (B) may be used individually by 1 type, and 2 or more types may be mixed and used for it.

  As long as the effect of the present invention is not hindered, the glittering material-containing base coating material includes, in addition to the above components, a polyamide wax which is a lubricating dispersion of an aliphatic amide and a polyethylene wax which is a colloidal dispersion mainly composed of polyethylene oxide, Anti-settling agent, curing catalyst, UV absorber, light stabilizer, antioxidant, leveling agent, surface conditioner such as silicone and mechanistic molecules, anti-sagging agent, thickener, antifoaming agent, lubricant, crosslinkable heavy A coalesced particle (microgel) etc. can be contained suitably.

  The coating film forming method of the present invention is a method for forming a multilayer coating film in which an undercoat coating film, a glittering material-containing base coating film, and a clear coating film are sequentially formed on a material to be coated. The glittering material-containing base coating film can be formed by applying the above-mentioned glittering material-containing base coating under the following conditions.

[Glitter-containing base coating]
In the present invention, the glittering material-containing base coating film is formed by atomization painting with an air spray gun using the glittering material-containing base coating. The air spray gun is of a type that atomizes paint by air pressure, and has a nozzle diameter of 1.0 mm or less, preferably 0.8 mm or less. When the nozzle diameter exceeds 1.0 mm, the amount of paint used is increased and atomization becomes difficult.

  The atomizing air pressure of the air spray gun is 0.05 to 0.2 MPa, preferably 0.10 to 0.2 MPa. When the pressure is less than 0.05 MPa, unevenness is likely to occur on the coating surface, and when the pressure is more than 0.2 MPa, the white blur is likely to be strong.

  The paint discharge rate is 12 to 130 cc / min, preferably 20 to 120 cc / min. If it is less than 12 cc / min, it is difficult to form a uniform continuous coating film. If it exceeds 130 cc / min, it is not preferable in terms of reducing the amount of paint, and it is difficult to form a thin film coating.

  The distance between the spray gun and the object to be coated is preferably 3 to 30 cm, particularly preferably 5 to 15 cm. If it is less than 3 cm, the coating film is difficult to be uniform, and if it exceeds 30 cm, the film may be broken.

  After applying the glittering material-containing base coating, heat treatment is performed to form the glittering material-containing base coating. The heating method is not particularly limited, and for example, a gas furnace, an electric furnace, an IR furnace, or the like can be used as the heating furnace.

  The dry film thickness of the glittering material-containing base coating film is not particularly limited, but is usually 0.01 to 1 μm, preferably 0.02 to 0.3 μm.

[Coating material]
In the present invention, the material to be coated is not particularly limited, for example, metals such as iron, aluminum, copper or alloys thereof; inorganic materials such as glass, cement, concrete; polyethylene resin, polypropylene resin, ethylene -Vinyl acetate copolymer resin, polyamide resin, acrylic resin, vinylidene chloride resin, polycarbonate resin, polyurethane resin, epoxy resin and other plastic materials such as various FRP; wood, paper and cloth fiber materials, etc. Examples include natural or synthetic materials. Preferred materials for coating include metals such as iron, aluminum, copper, and alloys thereof, and the present invention can be preferably applied to the coating of automobile parts such as automobile bodies and aluminum wheels.

[Undercoat]
In the present invention, an undercoat coating film is formed on the material to be coated. The method is not particularly limited, and an undercoat film is formed by spray coating or electrodeposition coating of a solution type (organic solvent or water-based) coating, or by spray coating of a powder coating.
On the other hand, when the substrate to be coated is an automobile body or a part, it is preferable that a base coating film made of a degreasing treatment, a chemical conversion treatment, or an electrodeposition coating is further formed on the substrate in advance. In the case of a cast or forged aluminum wheel as an automobile part, it is preferable to form a base coating film with a clear powder coating or the like.
Although the dry film thickness of the undercoat used in the present invention varies depending on the desired application, the dry film thickness of the film can be set to 5 to 100 μm, and preferably 7 to 80 μm. When the thickness of the undercoat coating film exceeds 100 μm, the sharpness may be deteriorated, or unevenness or flow may occur in the coating film. On the other hand, when the thickness is less than 5 μm, the underlying concealability is insufficient and the film may be cut off.

[Clear coating]
In the present invention, a glittering material-containing base coating film is formed on the undercoat coating film, and a clear coating film is further formed thereon. At least one clear coating film is necessary for the protection of the glittering material-containing base coating film. The clear paint used for forming the clear coating film is not particularly limited, and for example, a colorless clear paint, a matte clear paint, a top color clear paint, etc. can be used and can be appropriately selected according to the purpose, or a combination of these clear paints. Two or more clear coating films may be formed.

  As the colorless clear paint, a colorless clear paint generally used for top coating can be used. For example, acrylic resin, polyester resin, fluororesin, epoxy resin, polyurethane resin, polyether resin, and modified resins thereof. A mixture of at least one thermosetting resin selected from the above and a crosslinking agent can be used. As the solvent-based paint or water-based paint, a one-component paint may be used, or a two-component resin such as a two-component urethane resin paint may be used.

  If necessary, the colorless clear paint can be blended with additives such as a modifier, an ultraviolet absorber, a leveling agent, a dispersant, and an antifoaming agent as long as the transparency is not impaired.

  The dry film thickness of the colorless clear coating film is preferably 10 to 80 μm, and if it is out of this range, the coating film appearance may be insufficient. More preferably, it is 20-50 micrometers.

  The matte clear paint includes a vehicle and a matting agent. As the vehicle, those generally used for top coating can be used. For example, at least one selected from acrylic resins, polyester resins, fluororesins, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, polyether resins, and modified resins thereof. What mixed this thermosetting resin and a crosslinking agent can be used.

  The dry film thickness of the matte clear coating film is preferably 10 to 50 μm. If it is less than 10 μm, it is difficult to develop a deep matte feeling, and if it exceeds 50 μm, there is a possibility that poor appearance of the coating film is caused. More preferably, it is 20-40 micrometers.

  As the matting agent used in the matte clear coating material, various matting agents can be used, but at least one of resin fine particles and inorganic fine particles is preferable. Examples of the resin fine particles include acrylic resin, polyacrylonitrile, polyurethane, polyamide, and polyimide. The average particle diameter of the resin fine particles is preferably 10 to 25 μm. If the thickness is less than 10 μm, a deep matte appearance will be insufficient, and the tactile feeling will be too smooth. On the other hand, if it exceeds 25 μm, the surface roughness of the matte clear coating film becomes rough, giving a rough texture.

  Examples of the inorganic fine particles include silica fine powder, clay, talc, and mica. The average particle size of the inorganic fine particles is preferably 1 to 5 μm. If the thickness is less than 1 μm, a deep matte feeling will be insufficient and the tactile feeling will be too smooth. On the other hand, when the thickness exceeds 5 μm, the surface roughness of the matte clear coating film becomes rough and the tactile feel becomes rough. The resin fine particles and inorganic fine particles may be used in combination. The mass blending ratio at that time is preferably 0.001 to 100 inorganic particles, more preferably 0.1 to 10 with respect to the resin fine particles 1.

  It is also effective in terms of design to use several kinds of resin fine particles and inorganic fine particles in combination with the matte clear paint. The content of the matting agent is preferably 10 to 60% by mass based on the solid content of the paint. If the solid content is less than 10% by mass, a deep matte feeling may not be obtained, and if it exceeds 60% by mass, the strength of the coating film may be insufficient. It is more preferable that it is 25-50 solid content mass%.

  In addition, additives such as the above-mentioned coloring pigment, extender pigment, modifier, ultraviolet absorber, leveling agent, dispersant, defoaming agent, etc. can be blended with the matte clear paint as necessary. It is.

  The matte clear paint may be in the form of an organic solvent type, an aqueous type or a powder type. The organic solvent type and water-based paint may be a one-pack type or a two-pack type such as a two-pack type urethane resin paint. A coating film can be obtained by baking the matting clear coating film formed using the matting clear coating material at 120 to 160 ° C. for a predetermined time.

  The color clear paint contains a vehicle and a colored pigment. As the vehicle, those generally used for top coating can be used. For example, at least one selected from acrylic resins, polyester resins, fluororesins, epoxy resins, polyurethane resins, polyether resins, and modified resins thereof. A mixture of the thermosetting resin and a crosslinking agent can be used. Further, the color clear coating film can take various forms such as a solvent type, an aqueous type, and a powder type. As the solution-type paint or water-based paint, a one-component paint may be used, or a two-component resin such as a two-component urethane resin paint may be used.

  Among the color pigments used in the color clear paint, the organic type is an azo lake pigment, insoluble azo pigment, condensed azo pigment, diketopyrrolopyrrole pigment, benzimidazolone pigment, phthalocyanine pigment, indigo pigment, Perinone pigments, perylene pigments, phthalone pigments, dioxazine pigments, quinacridone pigments, isoindolinone pigments, metal complex pigments, etc. include inorganic irons such as yellow iron oxide, bengara, carbon black, titanium dioxide, etc. Is mentioned. Various extender pigments such as talc, calcium carbonate, precipitated barium sulfate, and silica may be used in combination.

  These color clear paints can be blended with additives such as a modifier, an ultraviolet absorber, a leveling agent, a dispersant, and an antifoaming agent as long as the transparency is not impaired.

  The dry thickness of the color clear coating film is preferably 10 to 80 μm, and if it is out of this range, the coating film appearance may be insufficient. More preferably, it is 20-50 micrometers. In the glitter coating film forming method of the present invention, by forming at least one layer of the color clear coating film on the glitter base coating film, the light transmitted through the color clear coating film is a glitter base coating film. It is possible to obtain a brilliant coating film that is reflected and has a coloring high metallic feeling that is amplified by the reflected light.

  Examples of forming two or more clear coatings include a method of forming a color clear coating on a glittering base coating and further forming a transparent clear coating, and a transparent clear coating on the glittering base coating. Examples of the method include forming a coating film and further forming a color clear coating film, which can be appropriately selected depending on the purpose.

  EXAMPLES Next, although an Example demonstrates this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited at all by this example.

Production Example 1 (Preparation of silver colloid solution)
In 2 liters of Kolben, 12 g of “Disperbic 190” (manufactured by Big Chemie) as a polymer pigment dispersant and 420.5 g of ion-exchanged water were added. This Kolben was placed in a water bath and stirred at 50 ° C. until “Disperbic 190” was dissolved. To this, 100 g of silver nitrate dissolved in 420.5 g of ion-exchanged water was added with stirring, and the mixture was stirred at 70 ° C. for 10 minutes. Next, when 262 g of dimethylaminoethanol was added, the liquid turned black instantly and the liquid temperature rose to 76 ° C. When the liquid temperature dropped to 70 ° C. as it was, stirring was continued for 2 hours while maintaining this temperature, and an aqueous solution of silver colloid showing a dark yellow color was obtained. The obtained reaction solution was transferred to a 1 liter plastic bottle and allowed to stand in a thermostatic chamber at 60 ° C. for 18 hours. Next, the ultrafiltration module “AHP1010” (fractionated molecular weight 50000, number of membranes used 400, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.), magnet pump, 3 liter stainless steel cup with a tube connection port at the bottom connected by a silicon tube, An external filtration device was used. The reaction solution that had been allowed to stand for 18 hours in a constant temperature room at 60 ° C. was placed in a stainless steel cup, 2 liters of ion-exchanged water was further added, and the pump was operated to perform ultrafiltration. After about 40 minutes, when the filtrate from the module became 2 liters, 2 liters of ethanol was added to the stainless steel cup. Thereafter, the filtrate was confirmed to have a conductivity of 300 μS / cm or less, and concentrated until the amount of the mother liquor was 500 ml. Subsequently, an ultrafiltration apparatus comprising a 500 ml stainless steel cup containing mother liquor, an ultrafiltration module “AHP0013” (fractionated molecular weight 50000, number of membranes used 100, manufactured by Asahi Kasei Co., Ltd.), a tube pump, and an aspirator was assembled. . The mother liquor obtained previously was put into this stainless steel cup and concentrated to increase the solid content concentration. When the mother liquor reached about 100 ml, the pump was stopped and the concentration was completed. As a result, an ethanol solution of silver colloid having a solid content of 30% was obtained. The particle diameter of the silver colloid particles in this solution was 27 nm. Moreover, when the content rate of the silver in solid content was measured using "TG-DTA" (made by Seiko Instruments), it was 96 mass% with respect to 93 mass% of preparation.

Production Example 2 (Synthesis of a film-forming resin)
[Synthesis of phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin A]
40 parts by mass of propylene glycol monoethyl ether is charged into a Kolben equipped with a stirrer, a temperature controller, and a cooling pipe, and 8.86 parts by mass of styrene, 8.27 parts by mass of ethylhexyl acrylate, 15.00 parts by mass of lauryl methacrylate, 2-hydroxyethyl methacrylate 34.80 parts by mass, methacrylic acid 3.07 parts by mass, acid phosphooxyhexa (oxypropylene) monomethacrylate (JAMP-100N, Johoku Chemical Co., Ltd.) 30.00 parts by mass, mixed monomer solution 100 parts by mass And 43 parts by mass of an initiator solution of 3.0 parts by mass of tertiary butyl peroctoate (Kayaester O) and 40 parts by mass of propylene glycol monoethyl ether were added dropwise at 115 ° C. over 3 hours, and then stirring was continued for 30 minutes. And then tertiary butyl peroctoate (Kaya ester O) 0.3 parts by weight was added dropwise in 1 hour initiator solution 20.3 parts by weight of 20 parts by mass of propylene glycol monoethyl ether, further stirring was continued for 1.5 hours. What was obtained was a phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin A having an acid value of 106 mgKOH / g, an acid value of 86 mgKOH / mg from a phosphoric acid group, a hydroxyl value of 150, and a number average molecular weight of 3800, and the nonvolatile content was 49% by mass.

Production Example 3 (Synthesis of glitter paint-containing base paint)
So that the colloidal solution obtained in Production Example 1 is 1.5 parts by mass in terms of solid content (5 parts by mass), the film-forming resin obtained in Production Example 2 is 0.15 mass in terms of solid content. Part (0.31 parts by mass). Next, the organic solvent (ethylene glycol monobutyl ether / methyl isobutyl ketone / xylene mass ratio = 2/4/4) and 47 parts by mass were diluted to an appropriate coating viscosity (13 seconds / # 4 Ford cup, 20 ° C.). Thus, a bright material-containing base paint was obtained. The resulting glittering material-containing base coating had a solid content of 2% by mass.

Example 1 (Formation of a multilayer coating film)
A surface of a JIS AC4C aluminum die-cast plate of 10 mm thickness, 10 cm length x 15 cm width, which has been previously treated with a zircon coating, is cut, and the acrylic resin epoxy powder made by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. is applied to the surface of the substrate having a glittering surface. The paint “Bilisha HB2000 Clear” was electrostatically coated to a dry film thickness of 100 μm and then baked at 160 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a base coating film.
Next, an acrylic / melamine solvent type paint “Super Lac 5000 AS-70 Base Black” manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. is sprayed on the obtained undercoat as an undercoat so that the dry film thickness is 30 μm. After coating and setting for 5 minutes, baking was performed at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes to form an undercoat film.
Next, spray coating (“GFA-200”, a spray gun manufactured by Anest Iwata Co., Ltd.) was performed on the obtained undercoat coating film under the conditions shown in Table 1 using the glittering material-containing base coating material of Production Example 3 above. −082P ”, nozzle diameter 0.8 mm) and setting for 10 minutes, followed by baking at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes to form a glittering material-containing base coating film.
Furthermore, as a clear coating film, spray paint of Nippon Paint Co., Ltd. acrylic / melamine solvent type “Super Lac 5000AW10 Clear” was applied to a dry film thickness of 30 μm, set for 10 minutes, and baked at 140 ° C. for 30 minutes. A clear coating film was formed to obtain a multilayer coating film.

Examples 2-8, Comparative Examples 1-3
A multilayer coating film was formed in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the spray coating conditions of the glittering material-containing base coating were changed to the conditions shown in Table 1.

  About the multilayer coating film obtained by said method, the following measurements and tests were performed. The results are shown in Table 2.

The obtained multilayer coating film was evaluated according to the following criteria.
(village)
5: There is no unevenness.
4: Unevenness is hardly recognized.
3: Slight unevenness is observed.
2: Some unevenness is recognized.
1: Unevenness is observed.

(Hue: Precious metal, texture)
5: There is a precious metal feeling.
4: The precious metal feeling is slightly inferior.
3: Noble metal feeling is slightly inferior.
2: The precious metal feeling is considerably inferior.
1: There is no precious metal feeling.

(White blur)
5: There is no white blur.
4: Little white blur is observed.
3: Slight white blur is observed.
2: White blur is slightly observed.
1: White blur is recognized.

(Glossiness)
A 60 ° gloss was measured using a PICOGLOSS Model 500MC manufactured by ERICHSEN.

  According to the present invention, it is possible to express high designability stably. In particular, although the coating amount of the paint is small, it is possible to stably atomize, thereby forming a multilayer coating film having high design properties.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the method of suppressing the nonuniformity and white blurring and forming the multilayer coating film which has the metallic luster excellent in the designability is provided.

Claims (3)

A glittering material containing a noble metal and / or a colloidal particle containing a metal and a base material containing a film-forming resin is atomized using an air spray gun on the material to be coated. A method for forming a multilayer coating film comprising forming a containing base coating film and further forming a clear coating film in sequence,
The glittering material-containing base paint has a solid content of 1.0 to 5.0% by mass at the time of painting, and the content (PWC) of the glittering material in the paint solids is 80 to 98% by mass,
A spray coating is characterized in that the spray gun nozzle diameter is 1.0 mm or less, the atomizing air pressure is 0.05 to 0.20 MPa, and the paint discharge rate is 12 to 130 cc / min. Forming method. In terms of solid content, 30 to 100% by mass of the coating film-forming resin has an acid value of 70 to 150 mgKOH / g composed of phosphate groups, and a total acid value of 70 to 200 mgKOH / g including other acid values. 2. The method for forming a multilayer coating film according to claim 1, which is a phosphoric acid group-containing acrylic resin having a hydroxyl value of 50 to 220 mgKOH / g and a number average molecular weight of 2000 to 8000. The glittering material-containing base paint is a base paint containing an ester organic solvent having a boiling point of 70 to 130 ° C and / or a glycol or glycol ether organic solvent having a boiling point of 115 to 230 ° C. Item 3. The method for forming a multilayer coating film according to Item 1 or 2.