JP2009026970A - On-load tap changing device and abnormality diagnosing method thereof - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily diagnose whether an on-load tap changing device is abnormal with high precision by seizing operation abnormality of an energy accumulation unit and a breaking unit provided to a changeover opening/closing device. <P>SOLUTION: The on-load tap changing device includes the changeover opening/closing device 3 having the energy accumulation unit provided with a changeover crank forming a collision portion and performing rotary motion and a crank buffer device forming a buffer portion stopping the rotary motion of the changeover crank, and the breaking unit driven by the energy accumulation unit 21; a detecting means 8 of detecting a vibration signal generated when the collision unit of the changeover crank and the buffer portion of the crank buffer device collide against each other to stop the rotary motion of the changeover crank; and an abnormality diagnostic device 13 having a signal analyzing means 11 of analyzing the obtained vibration signal, and an abnormality determining means 12 of judging abnormality on the basis of the analysis result. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a load tap changer mounted on a transformer or the like and a method of diagnosing an operation abnormality thereof.

  In general, a load tap changer equipped in a transformer or the like is generally a changeover switch for switching current, a tap selector for selecting a tap drawn from a tap winding of the transformer, a changeover switch, and a tap selector. It is comprised from the electric operation mechanism etc. which are the drive mechanisms which drive.

  In this type of on-load tap changer, when the tap of the transformer is switched, the electric operation mechanism, which is the drive mechanism, is started to start driving the on-load tap changer. As a result, the tap selector of the on-load tap changer selects a fixed contact that is connected to the next tap in advance. After this selection is completed, the switching switch switches from the tap circuit currently energized to the next preselected tap circuit while bridging between the taps via the current limiting impedance. End the operation.

  At this time, the switching switch switches the load current of the transformer and the bridging current between the taps while sequentially opening and closing the arc contacts. If the switching switch does not operate normally, for example, when it stops during switching or the switching time becomes longer than the normal value, switching that suppresses the bridging current between taps. When the current limiting resistor of the switch is melted, or when the switching time is remarkably shortened, a situation occurs in which current interruption of each contact is not normally performed.

  In order to avoid such a situation, as an external abnormality diagnosis measurement method of the switching switch, vibration generated when the arc contact is opened and closed is detected by a sensor, etc., amplified by an amplifier, output to the measuring instrument, and the switching switch A technique for calculating the switching time and determining the presence or absence of an abnormality is known.

For example, as disclosed in Patent Document 1, there is a method of detecting the presence / absence of an abnormality by detecting a sound at the time of switching contact opening / closing, that is, connection and disconnection, and performing frequency analysis using a frequency selection filter or the like. It has been. Further, as disclosed in Patent Document 2, a technique is adopted in which the presence or absence of an abnormality in the vibration waveform signal is determined using a neural network or the like using the vibration waveform as a pattern recognition method.
JP-A-6-13248 JP-A-11-354341

  However, in the conventional abnormality diagnosis method, for example, in the method of analyzing the vibration frequency, the switching operation of the arc contact of the on-load tap changer is performed in a short time. It may be necessary to limit. Further, in the conventional abnormality diagnosis device for the on-load tap changer, for example, in a pattern recognition method using a neural network or the like, a complicated calculation algorithm is required, and in order to obtain an abnormality determination result, a complicated calculation process is performed. Therefore, an arithmetic processing device, an analysis device, a measuring device, etc. capable of high-speed processing are required.

  The present invention captures a phenomenon in which the operation of the load tap changer is abnormal and the switching operation is terminated in a state where the switching crank of the energy storage portion provided in the switching switch does not reach the normal stop position. The purpose is to diagnose the presence or absence of abnormality with high accuracy.

  In order to achieve the above object, a load tap changer according to the present invention includes a switching switch having an energy storage unit and a cutoff unit driven by the energy storage unit, and an abnormal operation of the energy storage unit and the cutoff unit. In the on-load tap changer comprising the abnormality diagnosis device for diagnosing, the accumulator comprises a accumulator spring and a rotational motion given by the energy accumulated by compressing the accumulator spring, and the A side collision unit And a switching crank that forms a B-side collision part, and a collision between the A-side collision part that collides with the A-side collision part and stops the rotational movement in one direction of the switching crank, and the B-side collision part that collides with the switching crank. A crank shock absorber that forms a B-side shock absorber that stops the rotational movement in the opposite direction of the rotation direction, and the abnormality diagnosis device is configured such that the A-side collision portion and the A-side shock absorber collide with each other to cause the switching. Stop crank rotation And detecting means for detecting vibrations when the B-side collision part and the B-side buffer part collide with each other to stop the rotational movement of the switching crank, and a signal obtained by the detecting means Signal analyzing means for analyzing the above and an abnormality determining means for determining presence / absence of abnormality based on the result of analysis by the signal analyzing means.

  In the load tap changer abnormality diagnosis method according to the present invention, the switching crank that forms the A-side collision part and the B-side collision part is compressed by an accumulating spring to give a rotational motion by the accumulated energy. An accumulator for stopping the rotational movement of the switching crank by means of a crank cushioning device that forms an A-side buffer and a B-side buffer that respectively collide with the side collision and the B-side collision, and at least on each of the A and B sides In the abnormality monitoring method for a load tap changer comprising: a current-carrying contact, a main contact, a first resistance contact, and a blocking part that forms a second resistance contact, the A-side collision unit and the A-side buffer unit, or B Vibration generated when the side collision part and the B side buffer part collide to stop the rotational movement of the switching crank, and the energizing contact, the main contact, and the first resistance contact of the interrupting part. And a detection step of detecting vibrations at the time of connection and disconnection at the second resistance contact, an analysis step of analyzing a vibration signal detected in the detection step, and a signal analyzed in the analysis step And an abnormality determination step for determining presence / absence of abnormality.

  According to the present invention, an abnormal phenomenon in which the switching operation is terminated in a state where the switching crank of the energy storage portion provided in the switching switch does not reach the normal stop position is detected, and a complicated analysis process is not required. It is possible to diagnose whether there is an abnormality in accuracy.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the on-load tap changer according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an outline of the configuration of the on-load tap changer equipped with the abnormality diagnosis device 13. The switching switch 3 and the tap selector 2 which are main components of the on-load tap changer are accommodated in the transformer 1 main body. The electric operation mechanism 4 is operated to transmit power through the transmission shaft 5, and the transmission shaft 5 is connected to the drive shaft 7 via the gear box 6 and the like to drive the drive shaft 7. The abnormality diagnosis device 13 of this embodiment includes a detection unit 8 that detects vibration of the switching switch 3, an amplifier 9 that amplifies the signal of the detection unit 8, a measuring unit 10 that captures the amplified signal, and an analysis of the captured signal. The signal analyzing unit 11 and the abnormality determining unit 12 for determining an abnormality based on the analysis result by the signal analyzing unit 11.

  FIG. 2 is a schematic front sectional view of the switching switch 3 of the on-load tap changer. In the switching switch 3, a drive shaft 7 driven by the power transmitted by the transmission shaft 5 is arranged so as to extend in the vertical direction at the center. The accumulator 21 equipped with the accumulator spring 22, the switching crank 23, the crank shock absorber 24, etc., and the shut-off section 41 equipped with the A side energizing contact 42a, the B side energizing contact 42b, etc. surround the drive shaft 7. Are arranged in series. The accumulating spring 22 is compressed to accumulate the compression energy, and the compression energy is released to give a rotational motion to the switching crank 23 to drive the blocking portion 41 via the drive shaft 7. The switching crank 23 is configured to perform a rotational movement of less than 360 ° and be stopped by the crank shock absorber 24.

  FIG. 3 is a plan view showing details of the accumulator 21 of the switching switch 3 in FIG. The accumulator 21 includes a switching crank 23, a crank shock absorber 24, a catch 25 for fixing the switching crank 23, and the like as main components.

  The switching crank 23 is formed with an A-side collision portion 26a and a B-side collision portion 26b. In the crank shock absorber 24, an A-side buffer portion 27a and a B-side buffer portion 27b are formed. For example, the A-side collision portion 26a and the A-side buffer portion 27a collide with each other between the A side and the B side. It arrange | positions so that the rotational motion of 23 may be stopped.

  Further, the switching crank 23 has an A-side first groove (regular groove) 28a and a B-side first groove 28b on its side surface, and an A-side second groove (auxiliary groove) 29a and a B-side second groove that play an auxiliary role. A groove 29b is formed, and the catch 25 is provided with an A-side catch claw 30a and a B-side catch claw 30b. For example, the A side 1st groove | channel 28a and the A side catch nail | claw 30a mesh, and the mechanism which fixes the switching crank 23 is incorporated.

  FIG. 4 is a partial plan view showing details of the blocking portion 41 of the switching switch 3 in FIG. In the blocking portion 41, an A-side energizing contact 42a, an A-side main contact 43a, an A-side first resistance contact 44a, and an A-side second resistance contact 45a are sequentially arranged in the circumferential direction on the A side. On the B side, a B-side second resistance contact 45b is disposed adjacent to the A-side second resistance contact 45a, and the B-side second resistance contacts 45A are arranged in order so as to be symmetrical with respect to the A-side and B-side second resistance contacts. A two-resistance contact 45b, a B-side first resistance contact 44b, a B-side main contact 43b, and an energizing contact 42b are arranged.

  The shut-off unit 41 is driven by the rotational movement of the switching crank 23 of the energy storage unit 21 and is bridged from the A side to the B side or from the B side to the A side with at least two adjacent contacts connected. The switching operation is performed while tangling.

  This switching operation will be described. The B side energizing contact 42b is connected to the A side energizing contact 42a from the connected state. The contacts connected in this case are the B-side main contact 43b, the B-side first resistance contact 44b, and the B-side first resistance contact 44b in order from the state where the B-side energization contact 42b and the B-side main contact 43b are connected. And B side second resistance contact 45b, B side second resistance contact 45b and A side second resistance contact 45a, A side second resistance contact 45a and A side first resistance contact 44a, A side first resistance contact 44a and A The A-side main contact 43a and the A-side energizing contact 42a are connected with the side main contact 43a, and the switching operation is completed. FIG. 4 shows a state where the switching operation is completed.

  Next, the A side first groove 28 a, the B side first groove 28 b, the A side second groove 29 b and the B side second groove 29 b provided in the switching crank 23, and the A side catch claw 30 a provided in the catch 25. The operation of the B-side catch claw 30b will be described.

  When the operation of the rotational movement of the switching crank 23 is completed and, for example, the A-side energizing contact 42a is connected, the A-side first groove 28a and the A-side catch claw 30a are engaged, and the switching crank 23 is fixed. The A-side second groove 29a is engaged with the A-side catch claw 30a at a stage where the A-side main contact 43a is connected before the A-side energizing contact 42a is connected. Under normal conditions, even if the A side second groove 29a and the A side catch claw 30a are engaged, the switching crank 23 is not fixed, the engagement is released, and the A side first groove 28a and the A side catch claw 30a are The meshing and the switching crank 23 are fixed, and the rotational movement is completed.

  If an abnormality occurs in which the rotational motion of the switching crank 23 decelerates at a position other than a predetermined position, for example, the rotational motion of the switching crank 23 may stop while the A-side second groove 29a is engaged. In this case, the A-side energizing contact 42a is not connected, and the rotational movement of the switching crank 23 is stopped, and the operation of the switching switch 3 ends.

  As long as at least the A-side main contact 43a is connected, the switching switch 3 can perform a normal operation even if the A-side energizing contact 42a is cut off. That is, the second grooves on the A side and B side serve as a mechanical safety device that can temporarily fix the switching crank 23 when the main contact is connected. However, even in this case, it is necessary to detect an abnormal state at an early stage that the operation of the switching switch 3 is terminated while only the A-side second groove 29a is engaged without the A-side first groove 28a functioning. There is.

  In the present embodiment, the abnormality diagnosis device 13 is provided, so that the rotational movement of the switching crank 23 is in a normal stop position, for example, the A side collision portion 26a and the A side buffer portion 27a of the crank shock absorber 24. It is possible to directly recognize a series of operations in which the A-side first groove 28a and the catch claw 30a mesh with each other, the rotational motion of the switching crank 23 stops, and the switching crank 23 is fixed.

  FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an example of input / output waveforms obtained by the abnormality diagnosis device 13 for the operation of the switching switch 3 in the present embodiment. Input signal 51 for connection and disconnection of energizing contacts on the A side and B side, input signal 52 for connection and disconnection of the main contact on the A side and B side, connection and disconnection of the first resistance contact on the A side and B side Input signal 53 at the time, input signal 54 at the time of connection and disconnection of the A-side second resistance contact 45a, input signal 55 at the time of connection and disconnection of the B-side second resistance contact 45b, and collision parts and buffers on the A side and B side An input signal 56 at the time of collision when the parts collide, and a vibration output waveform 57 obtained by the detection means 8 such as an acceleration sensor. In this case, the operation starts from the operation in which the B-side energizing contact 42b is cut off and ends when the A-side energizing contact 42a is connected.

  In this embodiment, the vibration when the A-side collision part 26a and the A-side buffer part 27a collide is defined as a collision vibration V4, and the vibration at the time of collision is detected using the detection means 8 such as an acceleration sensor. To do.

  The obtained vibration is converted into, for example, a voltage signal, amplified by the amplifier 9 or the like, and taken into the measuring instrument 10. This voltage signal is compared with the amplitude of the collision vibration V4 in the normal state and the presence / absence of a collision by the signal analysis means 11 such as an arithmetic processing unit such as a computer via an AD converter, and the signal analysis means 11 is used to determine the presence / absence of an abnormality. The vibration at the time of collision can also collect sound waves. In this case, the detection means 8 can detect sound waves at the time of collision with a microphone or the like, and can perform abnormality determination by the same procedure. is there.

  In addition to the determination based on the collision vibration V4, the abnormality diagnosis performance of the abnormality diagnosis device 13 can be performed with higher accuracy by detecting a signal that easily recognizes the characteristics of the vibration output waveform 57 using the detection unit 8. Is possible. In the present embodiment, a part of the vibration output waveform 57 when the A-side main contact 43a detected by the detection means 8 is connected is defined as the main contact connection vibration V3, and the detection means 8 is used for connection. Detect vibration.

  The connection state of the A-side main contact 43a is compared with the amplitude of the main contact connection vibration V3 at normal time and the presence / absence of connection operation by the signal analysis unit 11, and the abnormality determination unit 12 analyzes the result of the analysis based on the analysis result. It is possible to determine whether or not the A-side main contact 43a is normally connected.

  Therefore, in this example, since it can be confirmed that the A-side energizing contact 42a and the A-side main contact 43a are connected, it is possible to determine with higher accuracy.

  Further, based on the collision vibration V4 and the main contact connection vibration V3, the interval between the generation times of these vibrations is calculated by the signal analysis means 11, and the time length is defined as the first time length T1 and analyzed. Based on the analysis result, the abnormality determination means 12 can determine the presence or absence of abnormality.

  In the above example, vibration immediately before the end of the rotational movement of the switching crank 23 is detected. In addition, in the vibration output waveform 57 detected using the detecting means 8, the vibration immediately after the start of the rotational movement of the switching crank 23 is shown as the vibration whose waveform is easy to recognize. It is possible to detect the cutoff vibration V2 of the B-side main contact 43b. The connection state of these contacts can be compared with the normal amplitude and the presence / absence of connection operation by the signal analysis means 11 and the abnormality determination means 12 can determine the presence / absence of an abnormality based on the analysis result. Is possible.

  In this example, in addition to diagnosing the connection between the A-side energizing contact 42a and the A-side main contact 43a, the abnormality of the series of operations of the switching switch 3 is determined by diagnosing the disconnection of each B-side contact. This makes it possible to diagnose abnormality with higher accuracy.

  Further, in the breaking vibration V1 of the B-side energizing contact 42b and the breaking vibration V2 of the B-side main contact 43b, the interval between the occurrence times of these vibrations is calculated by the signal analysis means 11, and the time length is calculated as the second time length T2. It is also possible to define and analyze as follows, and based on the analysis result, the abnormality determination means 12 can determine the presence or absence of abnormality.

  The description of the above embodiment is an example for explaining the present invention, and does not limit the invention described in the claims. Moreover, each part structure of this invention is not restricted to the said embodiment, A various deformation | transformation is possible within the technical scope as described in a claim.

  For example, the vibration at the time of collision is detected using the detection means 8, such as an acceleration sensor, when the A side collision part 26a and the A side buffer part 27a collide. In the detected vibration output waveform 57 at the time of collision, it is possible not only to confirm the presence or absence of a collision, but also to analyze the magnitude of the peak of the collision vibration V4 and analyze the degree of impact due to the collision.

  According to this example, since the collision state is analyzed, it is possible to easily recognize the rotational speed of the rotational motion of the switching crank 23 immediately before the collision. Therefore, an abnormality in the operation of the energy storage unit 21 can be determined, and as a result, an abnormality in the switching switch 3 can be diagnosed.

It is a figure which shows the outline of a structure of one Embodiment of the tap change switch at the time of this invention. It is a schematic front sectional view of the switching switch in FIG. It is a top view which shows the detail of the energy storage part in FIG. It is a fragmentary top view which shows the detail of the interruption | blocking part in FIG. It is a figure which shows an example of the input-output waveform obtained by the abnormality diagnosis apparatus about operation | movement of the switching switch of one Embodiment which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Transformer, 2 ... Tap selector, 3 ... Switching switch, 4 ... Electric operation mechanism, 5 ... Transmission shaft, 6 ... Gear box, 7 ... Drive shaft, 8 ... Detection means, 9 ... Amplifier, 10 ... Measurement 11 ... signal analysis means, 12 ... abnormality determination means, 13 ... abnormality diagnosis device, 21 ... accumulation section, 22 ... accumulation spring, 23 ... switching crank, 24 ... crank shock absorber, 25 ... catch, 26a ... A Side collision part, 26b ... B side collision part, 27a ... A side buffer part, 27b ... B side buffer part, 28a ... A side first groove (regular groove), 28b ... B side first groove (normal groove), 29a ... A-side second groove (auxiliary groove), 29b ... B-side second groove (auxiliary groove), 30a ... A-side catch claw, 30b ... B-side catch claw, 41 ... Blocking part, 42a ... A-side energizing contact, 42b ... B side energizing contact, 43a ... A side main contact, 43b ... B side main contact, 44a ... A side first resistance contact 44b... B side first resistance contact, 45a... A side second resistance contact, 45b... B side second resistance contact, 51... And input signals at the time of connection and disconnection of the main contacts on the B side, 53... Input signals at the time of connection and disconnection of the first resistance contacts on the A side and B side, 54. Input signal, 55... B side second resistance contact connection and disconnection input signal, 56... Collision input signal, 57... Vibration output waveform, V1. Breaking vibration, V3 ... main contact connection vibration, V4 ... collision vibration, T1 ... first time length, T2 ... second time length

Claims (7)

In an on-load tap changer comprising: a switching switch having a power storage unit and a shut-off unit driven by the power storage unit; and an abnormality diagnosis device for diagnosing abnormal operation of the power storage unit and the power shut-off unit. ,
The energy storage unit is
A storage spring,
A switching crank that is rotated by the energy stored by compressing the energy storage spring to form an A side collision part and a B side collision part;
B-side buffer that collides with the A-side collision part and stops the rotational movement in one direction of the switching crank and B-side collision part that collides with the B-side collision part and stops the rotational movement in the reverse direction of the switching crank A crank shock absorber forming a part;
Comprising
The abnormality diagnosis device includes:
The vibration when the A side collision part and the A side buffer part collide with each other to stop the rotational movement of the switching crank, and the B side collision part and the B side buffer part collide with each other to perform the switching. Detection means for detecting vibrations when stopping the rotational movement of the crank;
Signal analysis means for analyzing the signal obtained by the detection means;
Abnormality determination means for determining the presence or absence of abnormality based on the result of analysis by the signal analysis means,
A tap changer at the time of loading, comprising:   2. The on-load tap changer according to claim 1, wherein the blocking unit includes an energizing contact, a main contact, a first resistance contact, and a second resistance contact on each of the A side and the B side.   The on-load tap changer according to claim 2, further comprising detection means for detecting vibration when the A-side energizing contact is connected and vibration when the B-side energizing contact is connected. The signal analyzing means includes a time length from when the A side energizing contact is connected to when the A side collision portion and the A side buffering portion collide, and from the connection of the B side energizing contact to the B side collision portion. And means for analyzing the length of time until the B-side buffer collides,
The abnormality determining means further includes an abnormality determining means for determining the presence or absence of an abnormality based on these time lengths;
The on-load tap changer according to claim 3.   5. The detection means according to claim 2, further comprising detection means for detecting vibrations generated when the A-side energization contact is interrupted and vibrations generated when the B-side energization contact is interrupted. A load tap changer according to claim 1. The signal analyzing means includes a time length from when the A-side energized contact is disconnected to when the A-side second resistance contact is connected, and when the B-side energized contact is disconnected to when the B-side second resistance contact is connected. A means for analyzing the time length until
The abnormality determining means further includes an abnormality determining means for determining the presence or absence of an abnormality based on these time lengths;
The on-load tap changer according to claim 5. The A side buffering part which compresses the accumulator spring to the switching crank forming the A side collision part and the B side collision part to give a rotational motion by the accumulated energy and collides with the A side collision part and the B side collision part, respectively. And an accumulator that stops the rotational movement of the switching crank by a crank shock absorber that forms a B-side buffer, and at least a current contact, a main contact, a first resistance contact, and a second resistance contact on each of the A side and the B side In the abnormality monitoring method of the load tap changer comprising the blocking portion to be formed,
Vibration generated when the A-side collision part and the A-side buffer part or the B-side collision part and the B-side buffer part collide to stop the rotational movement of the switching crank, and the blocking part A detection step of detecting vibration at the time of connection and disconnection in the energized contact, the main contact, the first resistance contact, and the second resistance contact;
An analysis step of analyzing the detected vibration signal in the detection step;
An abnormality determination step for determining the presence or absence of an abnormality based on the signal analyzed in the analysis step;
An abnormality diagnosis method for a load tap changer, comprising:

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