JP2009006281A - Centrifugal separation apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a centrifugal separation apparatus which promotes a separation efficiency, miniaturization of the apparatus and simplification of a structure, and also is suitable as an oil separation apparatus of a compressor. <P>SOLUTION: The centrifugal separation apparatus gives a revolving flow to a multiphase fluid flowed from an inlet hole formed on the side wall of a separation room to separate it into a high-density fluid and a lower-density fluid than the high-density fluid, make the separated lower-density fluid flow out of an outlet hole arranged upward the inlet hole and make the separated the high-density fluid flow out of the outlet hole arranged downward the inlet hole, wherein at least a part of the separation room is formed at a diameter-enlarging part to be gradually diameter-enlarged toward the downward side. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a centrifugal separator that can separate, for example, fluids having different densities from a multiphase fluid, and is particularly suitable for an oil separator that is provided in a compressor and separates discharged fluid and oil contained in the discharged fluid. The present invention relates to a centrifugal separator.

  An oil separation device that is built in a compressor and separates discharged fluid and oil (lubricating oil) contained in the discharged fluid is well known. As such an oil separation device, a discharge fluid containing oil is introduced into a separation chamber formed in a cylindrical shape, and a swirl flow is imparted to the introduced fluid, whereby the density of the discharge fluid and the oil is increased. A centrifugal separation type that separates the two by using the difference between them and causes a high-density oil to flow out below the separation chamber and discharge a low-density discharge fluid (for example, a refrigerant such as carbon dioxide) above the separation chamber. Oil separators are common. Further, in such an oil separator, a proposal as shown in FIG. 9 has been made in order to improve the separation efficiency (Patent Document 1). In FIG. 9, a centrifugal oil separation device 101 is provided in the swash plate compressor 100. The oil separation device 101 has a separation chamber 102, and the separation chamber 102 is provided with an inlet hole 103 for introducing a discharge fluid containing oil. A separation pipe 104 extending in the axial direction is provided in the separation chamber 102. In such a configuration, the discharge fluid introduced into the separation chamber 102 from the inlet hole 103 forms a swirling flow along the inner wall of the separation chamber 102 and is separated into high-density oil and low-density discharge fluid. The The separated low-density discharge fluid passes through the inside of the separation pipe 104 and flows out from an outlet hole (not shown) of the low-density discharge fluid provided in the upper portion of the separation chamber 102. On the other hand, the separated high-density oil flows out from an outlet hole 105 provided in the lower part of the separation chamber 102 and is supplied to the compression mechanism side 106 of the compressor machine 100.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 10, a groove (or protrusion) 104a is provided on the surface of the separation pipe 104 provided in the separation chamber, and the oil is guided along the groove or the like to improve the oil separation efficiency. The proposal which tries is also made | formed (patent document 2).

  However, in the proposal as disclosed in Patent Document 1, there are sufficient flow paths for the space 102a on the outer peripheral side of the separation pipe 104 that forms the swirl flow and the space 102b on the inner side of the separation pipe 104 that flows the discharged fluid after separation. Since it is difficult to ensure the cross-sectional area, the pressure loss may increase. In particular, when the apparatus is a compressor built-in type, it is required to reduce the size of the oil separation apparatus itself, so that the cross-sectional areas of the spaces 102a and 102b are reduced. In addition, in order to obtain a predetermined separation efficiency, it is necessary to secure the length and diameter of the separation pipe 104 to a certain value or more, so that the oil separation device itself may be increased in size. On the other hand, in the proposal of Patent Document 2, even if the oil once adheres to the groove 104a formed on the surface of the separation pipe 104, it may be blown off by the swirling flow, and the oil trapping efficiency may be reduced. Further, both of the above proposals employ a configuration in which the separation pipe 104 is inserted into the separation chamber 102. However, in such a configuration, there is a possibility that the structure is complicated and the cost of the apparatus is increased.

JP 2000-0277565 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 9-60591

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to promote separation efficiency, downsizing of the device, and simplification of the structure, and when used as an oil separation device of a compressor, the lubricity in the compressor can be secured, and the compression An object of the present invention is to provide a centrifugal separator capable of reducing oil circulation in a circuit in which the machine is used (for example, in a refrigeration circuit of a vehicle air conditioner).

  In order to solve the above problems, a centrifugal separator according to the present invention imparts a swirl flow to a multiphase fluid flowing from an inlet hole formed in a side wall of a separation chamber, and a high-density fluid and the high-density fluid And the separated low-density fluid is allowed to flow out from an outlet hole provided above the inlet hole, and the separated high-density fluid is disposed below the inlet hole. In the centrifugal separation device that flows out from the outlet hole provided in the above, at least a part of the separation chamber is formed in a diameter-expanded portion that gradually increases in diameter toward the lower side. In such a configuration, since at least a part of the separation chamber is formed in the diameter-expanded portion that gradually increases in diameter toward the lower side, the swirl flow formed in the separation chamber is directed toward the lower side. The centrifugal force acting on the discharged fluid increases gradually and gradually increases downward. Therefore, a high-density fluid (for example, oil) in the discharge fluid can be separated efficiently.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, another centrifugal separator according to the present invention imparts a swirl flow to a multiphase fluid flowing from an inlet hole provided in a side wall of a separation chamber formed in a cylindrical space. The fluid is separated into a high-density fluid and a fluid having a lower density than the high-density fluid, and the separated low-density fluid is allowed to flow out from an outlet hole provided above the inlet hole and separated. In the centrifugal separator for discharging a high-density fluid from an outlet hole provided below the inlet hole, a groove extending in the circumferential direction is provided on a side wall of the separation chamber. In such a configuration, the high-density fluid separated by the centrifugal force is captured in the groove provided on the side wall, so that the separation efficiency of the high-density fluid in the discharge fluid can be improved.

  The groove as described above can be formed, for example, from a plurality of grooves that are spiral or extend in the circumferential direction. According to such a configuration, the high-density fluid captured and separated in the groove can efficiently flow into the outlet hole of the high-density fluid. The grooves as described above may be directly engraved on the side wall of the separation chamber. For example, a cylindrical body having grooves engraved on the inner surface is inserted into the space forming the separation chamber, and the groove is formed on the side wall. It is also possible to configure the separation chamber to be formed

  Further, in the configuration in which the upper end of the separation chamber is closed by the lid, the spiral groove can be used as a groove into which the lid is screwed.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, another centrifugal separator according to the present invention provides a swirl flow to a multiphase fluid flowing from an inlet hole formed in a side wall of a separation chamber, and has a high density. And a fluid having a density lower than that of the high-density fluid, and the separated low-density fluid is allowed to flow out from an outlet hole provided above the inlet hole. In the centrifugal separator for discharging the gas from an outlet hole provided below the inlet hole, a coil spring is provided in the separation chamber for imparting a swirling flow toward the lower side to at least the separated high-density fluid. It consists of what is characterized by this. For example, if a coil spring extending in the axial direction of the separation chamber is provided in the separation chamber, a swirling flow toward the lower side can be imparted to the separated high-density fluid, and the separated high-density fluid is supplied to the outlet hole. Can be efficiently introduced into the water.

  The separated low-density fluid outlet hole is preferably provided with a valve body capable of opening and closing the outlet hole. The valve body can be driven using the coil spring. For example, when the valve body is biased in the direction of closing the outlet hole using a coil spring, and the discharged fluid flows into the separation chamber and the internal pressure of the separation chamber rises, the valve body resists the biasing force of the coil spring. And if it is comprised so that it may move to the direction which opens an exit hole, a valve body can be driven using a coil spring.

  The centrifugal separator according to the present invention is suitable for an oil separator that is provided in, for example, a compressor and separates a refrigerant and oil (lubricating oil) contained in the refrigerant.

  According to the centrifugal separator according to the present invention, since at least a part of the separation chamber is formed in the diameter-expanded portion that gradually increases in diameter toward the lower side, the swirling flow formed in the separation chamber is on the lower side. The centrifugal force acting on the discharged fluid increases gradually toward the lower side and gradually increases. Therefore, a high-density fluid (for example, oil) in the discharge fluid can be efficiently separated, and the separated high-density fluid can be introduced into the outlet hole. In addition, pressure loss can be reduced as compared with a conventional apparatus in which a separation pipe is inserted into the separation chamber, and it is possible to flexibly respond to requests for downsizing of the apparatus and simplification of the structure.

  Further, according to another centrifugal separator according to the present invention, a groove extending in the circumferential direction is provided on the side wall of the separation chamber, and the high-density fluid separated by centrifugal force is provided on the side wall. Since it is trapped in the groove, it is possible to improve the separation efficiency of the high-density fluid in the discharge fluid. In addition, it is possible to meet the demands for downsizing the device and simplifying the structure while reducing pressure loss as compared with the conventional device.

  The groove may be formed, for example, in a spiral shape or a plurality of grooves extending in the circumferential direction. According to such a configuration, the high-density fluid captured and separated in the groove It is possible to efficiently flow into the outlet hole. Further, in the configuration in which the upper end of the separation chamber is closed by the lid, the spiral groove can be used as a groove into which the lid is screwed.

  Further, according to another centrifugal separator according to the present invention, the separation chamber is provided with a coil spring that imparts a swirling flow toward the lower side to at least the separated high-density fluid. The separated high-density fluid can surely be given a swirling flow directed downward, and the separated high-density fluid can be efficiently introduced into the outlet hole.

  Further, the coil spring can have a function of driving a valve body that opens and closes the separated low-density fluid outlet hole, and a dedicated mechanism for driving the valve body is unnecessary. Therefore, the downsizing and simplification of the apparatus can be further promoted.

Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of a centrifugal separator of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. In the following embodiments, the centrifugal separator according to the present invention is applied particularly to an oil separator of a compressor of a refrigeration circuit of a vehicle air conditioner.
FIG. 1 shows an oil separator as a centrifugal separator according to a first embodiment of the present invention. In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes an oil separator. The oil separator 1 is integrally formed in the compressor housing 2. The oil separator 1 is a separation chamber that separates an inflowing discharge fluid (two-phase fluid of a refrigerant and lubricating oil) into oil as a high-density fluid and refrigerant as a low-density fluid by centrifugation. The separation chamber 3 is provided with an inlet hole 5 into which the discharge fluid discharged into the discharge chamber 4 of the compressor is introduced. The inlet hole 5 is opened at a position offset from the center of the separation chamber 3 so that the discharge fluid flowing into the separation chamber 3 can easily form a swirling flow.

  A separated refrigerant outlet hole 6 is provided above the inlet hole 5 of the separation chamber 3. The refrigerant flowing out from the outlet hole 6 is introduced into a heat exchanger (not shown) in the refrigeration circuit. On the other hand, an oil outlet hole 7 is provided below the inlet hole 5 of the separation chamber 3. The oil that flows out from the outlet hole 7 is returned to the compression mechanism side (not shown) of the compressor via the oil return passage 8. An oil reservoir 10 is provided at the bottom of the separation chamber 3.

  As shown in FIG. 1, a part of the separation chamber 3 is formed in a diameter-expanded portion 9 that gradually increases in diameter toward the lower side.

  In the present embodiment, a two-phase discharge fluid composed of oil and refrigerant discharged into the discharge chamber 4 is introduced into the separation chamber 3, and a swirl flow is applied to the discharge fluid, whereby the refrigerant and oil And are separated. The separated refrigerant flows out from the outlet hole 6, and the separated high-density fluid oil flows out from the outlet hole 7.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, since a part of the separation chamber 3 is formed in the enlarged diameter portion 9 that gradually increases in diameter toward the lower side, the separation chamber 3 is formed in the separation chamber 3 as shown in FIG. The swirling flow is increased downward and the centrifugal force acting on the discharged fluid is gradually increased downward. Therefore, the oil in the discharged fluid can be separated efficiently. In addition, pressure loss can be reduced as compared with a conventional apparatus in which a separation pipe is inserted into the separation chamber, and it is possible to flexibly respond to requests for downsizing of the apparatus and simplification of the structure. Further, since the separated oil is returned to the compression mechanism side through the passage 8, the lubricity in the compressor can be ensured. Further, since the separation efficiency is improved, the amount of oil remaining in the refrigerant is greatly reduced, so that oil circulation in the refrigeration circuit can be reduced.

  2 to 5 show an oil separator as a centrifugal separator according to a second embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same number is attached | subjected to the member same as the said 1st embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted. In the present embodiment, a spiral groove 11 extending in the circumferential direction is provided on the side wall of the separation chamber 3. A lid 12 that closes the separation chamber 3 is provided at the upper end of the separation chamber 3. The lid 12 is provided with a thread 13 that can be screwed into the spiral groove 11.

  In the present embodiment, the separated oil is captured and efficiently separated by the spiral groove 11 provided on the side wall. Further, the oil trapped in the groove 11 flows along the groove 11 and falls to the lower part of the separation chamber 3. Therefore, the pressure loss can be reduced as compared with the conventional apparatus, and the request for downsizing the apparatus and simplifying the structure can be flexibly met. Further, since the separated oil is returned to the compression mechanism side through the passage 8, the lubricity in the compressor can be ensured. Further, since the separation efficiency is improved, the amount of oil remaining in the refrigerant is greatly reduced, so that oil circulation in the refrigeration circuit can be reduced.

  FIG. 6 shows an oil separator as a centrifugal separator according to the third embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same number is attached | subjected to the member same as the said 1st embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted. In this embodiment, a cylindrical body 15 is inserted (for example, press-fitted) into the space 14 in which the separation chamber 3 is formed. A groove 16 extending in the circumferential direction is provided on the inner surface of the cylindrical body 15. In addition, the cylindrical body 15 is provided with a slit 17 extending along the axial direction. In this embodiment, the separation chamber 3 in which the groove 16 extending in the circumferential direction is formed in the side wall is configured by inserting the cylindrical body 15 into the space 14.

  In the present embodiment, the separated oil is captured in the groove 16 provided on the side wall and efficiently separated. The oil trapped in the groove 16 flows along the slit 17 and falls to the lower part of the separation chamber 3. Therefore, the pressure loss can be reduced as compared with the conventional apparatus, and the request for downsizing the apparatus and simplifying the structure can be flexibly met. Further, since the separated oil is returned to the compression mechanism side through the passage 8, the lubricity in the compressor can be ensured. Further, since the separation efficiency is improved, the amount of oil remaining in the refrigerant is greatly reduced, so that oil circulation in the refrigeration circuit can be reduced.

  FIG. 7 shows an oil separator as a centrifugal separator according to the fourth embodiment of the present invention. In addition, the same number is attached | subjected to the member same as the said 1st embodiment, and the description is abbreviate | omitted. In the present embodiment, a coil spring 18 is provided in the separation chamber 3 to impart a downward swirling flow to the separated oil. The outlet hole 6 is provided with a valve body 19 that can open and close the outlet hole 6. The valve body 19 includes a valve portion 20 that opens and closes the outlet hole 6 and a pressure receiving portion 21 that receives an internal pressure in the separation chamber 3. The valve body 19 is biased by the coil spring 18 in the direction in which the valve portion 20 closes the outlet hole 6 (downward in FIG. 8). On the other hand, when the discharge fluid in the separation chamber 3 flows in and the internal pressure of the separation chamber 3 rises, the internal pressure acts on the pressure receiving portion 21, and the valve body 19 resists the biasing force of the coil spring 18 and the valve portion 20 moves to the outlet hole. 6 is moved in the direction of opening (upward in FIG. 8).

  In the present embodiment, the separation chamber 3 is provided with the coil spring 18 that imparts a swirling flow that flows downward to the separated oil, so that the swirling flow that surely moves downward to the separated oil. The oil can be efficiently flowed into the outlet hole 7. Further, since the coil spring 18 is provided with a drive function of the valve body 19 for opening and closing the refrigerant outlet hole 6, a dedicated mechanism for driving the valve body 19 is unnecessary. Therefore, the downsizing and simplification of the apparatus can be further promoted.

  The centrifugal separator according to the present invention can be used in a wide range of industrial fields as a centrifugal separator capable of separating fluids having different densities from a multiphase fluid. In particular, the centrifugal separator is provided in a compressor and includes a discharge fluid and the discharge fluid. It is suitable as an oil separation device for separating oil contained in the oil.

It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the compressor housing in which the oil separator concerning the 1st embodiment of the present invention was built. It is a front view of the compressor housing in which the oil separator concerning the 2nd embodiment of the present invention was built. FIG. 3 is a view taken along arrow III of the compressor housing of FIG. 2. FIG. 4 is a view taken along arrow IV of the compressor housing of FIG. 2. It is an expanded sectional view of the compressor housing of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the compressor housing in which the oil separation apparatus which concerns on the 3rd embodiment of this invention was incorporated. It is sectional drawing which follows the VII-VII line of the compressor housing of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the compressor housing in which the oil separation apparatus which concerns on the 4th embodiment of this invention was incorporated. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the compressor incorporating the conventional oil separation apparatus. FIG. 10 is a perspective view of a separation pipe of an oil separation device different from FIG. 9.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Oil separator as a centrifugal separator 2 Compressor housing 3 Separation chamber 4 Discharge chamber 5 Inlet hole 6 Outlet hole of separated low-density fluid 7 Outlet hole of separated high-density fluid 8 Oil return passage 9 Expansion Diameter portion 10 Oil storage portion 11 Spiral groove 12 Lid 13 Screw thread 14 Space 15 Cylindrical body 16 Groove 17 Slit 18 Coil spring 19 Valve body 20 Valve portion 21 Pressure receiving portion

Claims (7)

  A swirl flow is imparted to the multiphase fluid flowing from the inlet hole formed in the side wall of the separation chamber, and the separated low density is separated into a high-density fluid and a lower-density fluid than the high-density fluid. In the centrifugal separation device, wherein the separated fluid flows out from the outlet hole provided above the inlet hole, and the separated high-density fluid flows out from the outlet hole provided below the inlet hole. A centrifugal separator characterized in that at least a part thereof is formed in a diameter-expanded portion that gradually increases in diameter toward the lower side.   A swirling flow is imparted to the multiphase fluid flowing from the inlet hole provided in the side wall of the separation chamber formed in the cylindrical space, and the fluid is separated into a high-density fluid and a fluid with a lower density than the high-density fluid. Centrifugation in which the separated low-density fluid flows out from the outlet hole provided above the inlet hole, and the separated high-density fluid flows out from the outlet hole provided below the inlet hole In the apparatus, a centrifuge device, wherein a groove extending in a circumferential direction is provided on a side wall of the separation chamber.   The centrifuge according to claim 2, wherein the groove is formed in a spiral shape.   The centrifuge according to claim 3, wherein a lid that closes the separation chamber is provided at an upper end of the separation chamber, and the lid is configured to be screwable into the spirally formed groove.   A swirl flow is imparted to the multiphase fluid flowing from the inlet hole formed in the side wall of the separation chamber, and the separated low density is separated into a high-density fluid and a lower-density fluid than the high-density fluid. In the centrifugal separation device, wherein the separated fluid is discharged from an outlet hole provided above the inlet hole, and the separated high-density fluid is discharged from an outlet hole provided below the inlet hole. And a coil spring that imparts a swirling flow toward the lower side to at least the separated high-density fluid.   The valve body which can open and close the exit hole of the low-density fluid separated in the upper part of the separation room is provided, and the valve body is urged in the direction which closes the exit hole by the coil spring. 5. The centrifugal separator according to 5. The centrifugal separator according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein the centrifugal separator is configured as an oil separator that is provided in the compressor and separates a discharge fluid and an oil contained in the discharge fluid.

Images