JP2008544123A - Paving paving stone, paving paving method and paving paving method - Google Patents

Abstract

The present invention relates to a series of paving stones having different thicknesses. At least one rectangular recess is provided in the lower surface of each paving stone, the recess extending from one side of the paving stone to the other side, having a continuous cross section and having a complementary constant shape The paving stone is installed on the carrier, and the carrier is placed on the base. In each paving paving stone, each of the recesses extends from the lower surface to a predetermined first distance (h) from the tangential surface to the upper surface, and this first distance (h) is substantially constant for all paving paving stones. It is a long distance. The present invention further relates to a method for laying these paving paving stones on a paved road, and a method for producing these paving paving stones.

Description

  The present invention relates to a series of paving stones, a method of laying paving stones on a paved road, and a method of producing these paving stones.

  Natural roughing stones such as cobblestones, for example, are cut from rocks at quarries and thus have an irregular and rough surface. The stone size is not uniform. These irregular shapes compared to placing paving paving stones of uniform size, such as cut tiles, concrete tiles or paving paving stones, block stones, or other stones of a certain size, on a sand floor or foundation. Because of this, it is necessary to have a higher level of skill to lay these rough stones on paved roads. When natural roughened stone is laid on a paved road, it is preferable that the upper surface of the paved road be as flat as possible, so the operator needs to consider thickness variations and non-uniformity (see FIG. 1). For this reason, laying natural roughened stones or irregular shaped stones on paved roads is time-consuming work and requires highly skilled skills.

  More generally, when using “standard” paving stones with very large tolerances, similar problems can arise when the dimensions of one stone and another stone are too different.

  As one solution, for example, as described in German Patent Application Publication No. 19801378, by combining paving paving stones to form a prefabricated larger plate having a uniform size is there. However, the larger plates of paved paving stones are too large and too heavy for manual operation when they are placed on a paved road, which requires heavy machinery. In addition, these approaches limit the type, color and size of paving stones, fix plate dimensions, and reduce the breadth and possibilities of paving stone selection to be applied.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a paving stone capable of paving a road more quickly without using a special tool such as a heavy machine or a wooden fence.

  This object can be achieved according to the invention using a series of paving stones that exhibit the technical features of claim 1.

  Another object of the present invention is to provide a method of arranging paving stones on a paved road more quickly, although paving paving stones are one by one.

  This object can be achieved according to the invention using a method comprising the steps of claim 7.

  Furthermore, the objective of this invention is providing the method of producing the pavement paving stone which concerns on this invention at low cost.

  This object can be achieved according to the invention using a method comprising the steps of claim 15.

  As used herein, “paved road” means a road having a durable surface, a sidewalk, a private road, a terrace, and the like.

  Each paving paving stone of the series of paving paving stones according to the present invention has an upper surface, a lower surface, and a plurality of side surfaces extending between the upper surface and the lower surface. The upper surface, the lower surface, and the side surfaces may each have a uniform or non-uniform surface. The thickness of the paving stone, i.e., the thickness measured between parallel tangents to each of the upper and lower surfaces of the paving stone, varies to some extent and is not uniform. According to the present invention, at least one rectangular recess is provided on the lower surface of each paving stone. The recess extends from one side of the paving paving stone to the other side, has a continuous cross-section and accommodates a carrier having a complementary constant shape, the paving paving stone is installed on the carrier, and the carrier is the base Placed on top. In each paving paving stone, each of the rectangular recesses extends from the lower surface to a predetermined first distance (h) from the contact surface with the upper surface. This first distance (h) is a substantially constant distance in all paving paving stones.

  When laying a series of paving stones according to the present invention on a paved road, first, a carrier having a shape complementary to a rectangular recess provided on the lower surface of the paving stone is placed on a flattened base. Then, paving stones are installed on the carrier. As a result, the predetermined distance from the upper surface of the recess to the tangent surface with respect to the upper surface is constant, and the tangent surfaces of the upper surface of each paving paving stone are arranged substantially on the same plane. Usually, although not necessarily essential, a finishing process is performed by compacting a paved road using a compacting device and filling a connecting portion with an appropriate filling material.

  Since a carrier was used and a concave part complementary to this was provided on the lower surface of the paving stone, it had to be taken into consideration by pushing the paving stone into the base, but it is necessary to consider variations in the thickness of the stone Is gone. As a result, even a less skilled worker can lay the paving stone of the present invention on a paved road. For example, even in the case of natural roughing paving stones, it is no longer a limited privilege of skilled workers. For example, the skill of laying cobblestones on paved roads does not need to be passed down from father to son as before, so the number of skilled workers continues to decrease.

  When using the paving stone according to the present invention, regardless of whether it is a natural paving stone or an artificial paving stone, there is no need for the operator to locally adjust the height of the base with respect to the thickness of the paving stone, and problems due to thickness variations Therefore, even a less skilled worker can lay paving stones on a paved road without degrading the finish. In fact, the quality of the finished product is improved because the carrier engaging the recess of the paving stone provides an additional stabilizing function for the paving stone.

  Furthermore, when the paving stone according to the present invention is used, the paving stone can be laid more quickly than in the case of the conventional method. Previously skilled workers should place a paving stone on the base, then tap the base with a mallet until the thickness problem is resolved, and reposition the paving until the connection with the adjacent paving is acceptable Therefore, it was necessary to directly adjust the position of the paving stones individually. When the paving stone according to the present invention is used, when the paving stone is laid, the problem due to the variation in thickness has already been solved, and the connecting part can also be immediately fixed by the carrier. Because of the fact that both hands can be used, the workability of laying paving stones is greatly improved. Therefore, the period during which the road is blocked can be shortened, and other inconveniences in the city or local government can be suppressed.In particular, the paved road with paving stones according to the present invention is immediately stabilized by the carrier, so the paved road is compacted, Even before the finishing process is performed by filling the connecting portions, people can walk on the newly laid paved road.

  Since the concave portion extends from one side surface to the other side surface on the lower surface of the paving stone, preferably, a rectangular carrier is used to support the plural paving stones, stabilize the paved road, Paving stones with different lengths can be laid arbitrarily (along the axial direction of the recesses) depending on the degree of freedom in the axial direction, and the paving stones are moved along the axial direction of the recesses along the carrier until the optimum position is reached. Therefore, the width of the connecting portion at one end of the recess can be set freely. Therefore, using a career does not exclude creativity.

  In a preferred embodiment of the present invention, the paving paving stone typically has a parallelepiped shape and has two sets of substantially parallel sides that are substantially perpendicular to between the upper and lower surfaces. Means. In this embodiment, preferably two recesses are provided on the lower surface along one set of sides. These two recesses are separated from each other by a predetermined second distance (b), and the second distance (b) of all paving stones is substantially constant. In this embodiment, by using a rectangular carrier that forms a pavement paving stone in rows or columns of a paved road, it is possible to simplify the work of laying the paved road and improve its work efficiency. The operator places the carrier in a new row spaced a second distance from the carrier supporting the row of paved paving stones previously laid, and then installs the paving stones on the carrier.

  Preferably, the two recesses are open in the lateral direction of the paving stone so that each carrier can be used to support two adjacent paving paving stones. Preferably, a central portion of the lower surface is formed at approximately the center of the paving stone defined by the two recesses. This means that the side of the paving stone always protrudes at the same distance above the carrier. Thus, it is possible to substantially fix the width between the connecting portions between the adjacent rows of paved paving stones, thereby eliminating unevenness and instability of the paved road.

  Preferably, the recess of each paving stone has an upper surface substantially parallel to a tangent to the upper surface of the paving stone and a side surface substantially perpendicular thereto. More preferably, each recess is configured to accommodate a parallelepiped carrier. Thereby, for example, a carrier having a rectangular cross section such as a widely commercially available and inexpensive wooden beam can be used. However, other materials having, for example, a triangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, a semicircular shape, a circular shape, a step shape, or other cross-sectional shapes made of other materials such as metal, stone, plastic material, recycled plastic material, etc. It does not exclude the use of carriers.

  The paving paving stone according to the present invention may be a natural roughing stone having a non-flat surface, such as cobblestone, or other natural or artificial paving paving stones known to those skilled in the art. It may be. For example, the present invention can be applied even when different types of paving stones are combined in order to lay a paved road partly composed of natural paving stones and another part of artificial paving stones.

  The paved road laying method according to the present invention uses one of the paved paving stones of the above-described embodiment. This paved road laying method includes the following steps. First, the base is flattened. Next, a carrier having a certain shape complementary to the concave portion provided on the lower surface of the paving stone is placed on the base. Then, the paving stone is placed on the carrier so that the carrier engages with the recess and the contact surface of the upper surface of the paving stone is substantially flush.

  The advantages of the paved road laying method according to the present invention have already been described and will not be repeated here.

  Preferably, the carrier depends on the paving stone used, but the predetermined surface corresponding to the distance between the lower surface of one paving paving stone or the lower surface of two consecutive paving paving stones. They are placed spaced apart from each other by a third distance.

  Preferably, most carriers have a length that bridges a plurality of paving stones and supports two or more paving stones. Thereby, the stability of the paved road can be further improved.

  Carriers are known to those skilled in the art depending on the desired pattern shape of the paved road or the general shape of the paving stone, for example longitudinally or laterally, arcuate, circular, fan-shaped or Can be laid in any other shape.

  The carrier preferably has a parallelepiped shape with a rectangular cross-section, but any other geometric shape such as, for example, a triangular shape, a trapezoidal shape, a semi-circular shape, a circular shape, a step shape, or other cross-sectional shapes It can also be. In the embodiment according to the present invention, the carrier has a wider side surface and a narrower side surface, and is placed on the base via the wider side surface. Similarly, the carrier may be placed on the base via a wider side surface, for example, the side surface of the paved road may be placed against the wall.

  In the embodiment of the paving road laying method according to the present invention, the paving roads are arranged at fixed positions with respect to each other using a fixing means according to a predetermined pattern shape when paving a plurality of paving paving stones. The fixing means may be, for example, a screw or a nail for fixing the carrier to the base. This embodiment further improves the stability of the paved road.

  The method for laying a paved road according to the present invention includes at least one of a step of compacting the paved road using a compacting device and / or filling a connecting portion between paving stones of the paved road with a filling material. Has one step. These steps are known to those skilled in the art and need no further explanation.

  The method for producing a paving stone according to the present invention includes a step of forming a recess by cutting or polishing the material from the lower surface of the paving stone. This is a quick and useful technique for forming the recess. This method of forming the recess can be advantageously automated, and the paving paving stone of the present invention can be manufactured in an assembly process. For example, paving stones are turned upside down on a belt conveyor and passed through a cutting / polishing machine to form a recess. Conveniently, the belt conveyor corresponds to the tangent to the upper surface of the paving stone.

  In the embodiment of the method according to the present invention, two recesses are formed on the lower surface along one side surface of the paving stone, but two more recesses are provided at the positions where the recesses on the lower surface are provided on the upper surface. Provided on the upper surface along the side of one set. Thereafter, the paving paving stone is divided into two parts substantially along a plane parallel or perpendicular to the tangent to the upper surface. In this way, two paving stones can be produced from one block of stone.

  The present invention will be described with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and is limited only by the claims. The accompanying drawings are only schematic and are non-limiting. In the drawings, the size of some of the components is exaggerated and not drawn to scale for illustrative purposes. These dimensions and relative dimensions do not necessarily correspond to actual embodiments of the present invention.

  Furthermore, the terms “first”, “second”, “third”, etc. in the specification and in the claims are used to distinguish similar components and are not necessarily continuous or timed. It does not mean a sequential order. Under appropriate circumstances, these terms are interchangeable and embodiments of the present invention may be implemented in an order different from that disclosed or illustrated.

  Furthermore, terms such as “upper”, “lower”, “upper”, and “lower” in the specification and claims are used for explanation and do not necessarily describe relative positional relationships. Absent. Under appropriate circumstances, the terms used may be interchanged, and the embodiments of the invention disclosed herein may be implemented in other directions than those disclosed or illustrated.

  “Comprising”, used in the claims, should not be interpreted as being restricted to the listed means, ie excluding other components or steps. Should be construed as identifying the presence of the described feature, integer value, step, or component, and the presence of one or more other features, integer values, steps, components, or groups thereof Must not be interpreted as denying. Accordingly, the scope of the expression “apparatus with means A and means B” should not be limited to devices having only components A and B. In the present invention, it means that the related parts of the apparatus are only A and B.

  The problem faced by the present invention is apparent from FIG. Illustrated are substantially parallelepiped-shaped natural paving stones 1, 2, 3, and 4 that include a roughened surface, and their upper surfaces are substantially coplanar. As shown in the figure, the thickness H of these paving stones is measured between the contact surface of the upper surface and the parallel contact surface of the lower surface, but differs greatly between one paving stone and another paving stone. The paving stones 1, 2, 3, and 4 are not uniform in size. These irregular shapes compared to placing paving paving stones of uniform size, such as cut tiles, concrete tiles or paving paving stones, block stones, or other stones of a certain size, on a sand floor or foundation. Because of this, it is necessary to have a higher level of skill to lay these paving stone roughing stones on paved roads. When natural roughened stone is laid on a paved road, it is preferable that the upper surface of the paved road be as flat as possible, so the operator must consider variations in thickness H and surface irregularities. Therefore, laying natural rough paving stones 1, 2, 3, and 4 on a paved road is a time-consuming work and requires highly skilled skills.

  FIG. 2 illustrates a technique that the present invention addresses the above problems. The paving stone 5 having an indefinite shape before being processed is shown on the left side in the figure, and the paving stone 5 having an indeterminate shape after being subjected to the processing according to the present invention is shown on the right side in the figure. By cutting the concave portions 7 and 8 having an average height h1 on the lower surface of the paving stone 6, the thickness H of the paving stone 6 is reduced to the thickness h. The upper surfaces 11, 12 of the recesses 7, 8 are parallel to the contact surface of the upper surface 10 of the paving stone 6 so that the reduced thickness h is substantially constant throughout the length of the paving stone.

  The recesses 7, 8 have an average width b 1 and form a central part 15 defined by the side faces 13, 14 on the lower surface 9 of the paving stone 6. The width b1 of the recesses 7 and 8 is set so that the variation in the width of the paving stone B is sufficiently offset by the recesses 7 and 8 and the reduced width b becomes a substantially constant value throughout the length of the paving stones. select. Since the concave portions 7 and 8 having substantially the same width b1 extend on both sides of the central portion 15 on the lower surface of the paving stone, the central portion 15 is disposed in the center.

  Therefore, it can be described as H = h + h1 and B = b1 + b + b1. By forming the recesses 7 and 8, the paving stone 5 having a large variation in the thickness H and the width B has a constant reduced thickness h and width b, and a constant reduction placed in the center. A paving stone 6 having a width is produced.

  The treated pavement stone is laid on the paved road by the means shown in FIGS. The base 16 is flattened and may be, for example, sand, a mixture of sand and cement, concrete, or other base known to those skilled in the art. Since the carrier 17 is mounted on the base 16 at equal intervals, the center portion 15 of the lower surface 9 of the paving stone 6 can be inserted between the carriers. Thereafter, the paving stone 6 is placed on the carrier 17 and the carrier 17 is engaged with the recesses 7 and 8 so that the upper surface of the paving stone 6 is arranged substantially on the same plane. In this way, problems due to variations in the size of paving stones can be easily solved, and it is not necessary to provide a base locally, so that even a less skilled worker can lay paving stones quickly.

  The carrier 17 has a rectangular cross section with a size of E × h 2, the variation in the size of the paving stone 6 is eliminated by the carrier 17, and a connecting portion 18 having an average width θ is formed between the paving stones 6. E is preferably greater than 2 × b1, and h2 is preferably greater than h1.

  Since the side surfaces 13 and 14 of the recesses 7 and 8 are in contact with the carrier 17, the paving stone 6 is supported in the vertical direction and the horizontal direction. As a result, it is possible to prevent the paving stone 6 from rotating or being displaced.

  The carrier 17 can be longitudinally or laterally, arcuate, circular, fan-shaped, or any known to those skilled in the art, depending on the desired pattern shape of the paved road or the general shape of the paving stone. Can be spread in other shapes.

  Optionally, although not necessary, such paved roads can be finished by compaction using a compaction device and filling the connections with a suitable filling material. For example, it is preferable to maintain the connection part between the paving stones in order to drain rainwater, or to make the paving stone itself a floating paved road that is not placed on the base.

  Optionally, although not necessary, the carrier 17 may be secured to the base 16 or may be secured to each other prior to placing the paving stone 6 thereon.

  The paving stone 6 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 has a substantially parallelepiped shape. However, other shapes are possible. The recesses 7 and 8 have vertical surfaces 11, 12, 13 and 14 and are configured to receive a carrier 17 having a substantially parallelepiped shape, but are triangular, trapezoidal, semicircular, circular A shape that accommodates a carrier having a shape, a stepped shape, or another cross-sectional shape can also be used. Although this paving paving stone 6 is a natural roughing stone material having a rough surface, the present invention has a uniform surface and / or a more constant size, such as concrete tiles, but the paving paving stone has too large variation in dimensions. This also applies when using.

  The paving paving stone 6 shown in FIGS. 2 to 4 has recesses 7 and 8 formed on the side surface of the lower surface 9. Alternatively, a single rectangular recess may be provided in the substantially central portion of the lower surface, or a plurality of them may be provided. You may provide a recessed part in the direction which mutually cross | intersects.

  The carrier 17 can be constructed using wood, stone, metal, plastic material or any other material known to those skilled in the art. Preferably, a recycled plastic is used from the viewpoint of environmental protection.

Several conventional paving stones are shown. The pavement paving stone comprised by embodiment which concerns on this invention is shown. The method by which pavement paving stones are laid by embodiment which concerns on this invention is shown. The method by which pavement paving stones are laid by embodiment which concerns on this invention is shown.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2, 3, 4: paving stone, 5: untreated paving stone, 6: paving stone of the present invention, 7, 8: recess, 9: lower surface of paving stone, 10: upper surface of paving stone, 11, 12: recessing , 13, 14: side surface of recess, 15: central portion of paving stone, 16: base, 17: carrier

Claims (16)

A series of paving stones,
Each paving stone has an upper surface, a lower surface, and a plurality of side surfaces extending between the upper surface and the lower surface,
The thicknesses measured between parallel tangents to the upper and lower surfaces of the paving paving stone are different from each other,
Carrier having at least one rectangular recess provided on the lower surface of each of the series of paving paving stones extending from one side of the paving paving stone to the other side, having a continuous cross section, and a complementary constant shape Pavement paving stones are installed on the carrier,
A concave portion of each paving stone extends from the lower surface to a predetermined first distance (h) from the contact surface with the upper surface,
A paving paving stone characterized in that the first distance (h) of all paving paving stones is substantially constant. The paving paving stone according to claim 1,
Each paving paving stone has a substantially parallelepiped shape, two sets of substantially parallel side surfaces extending between the upper surface and the lower surface, and 2 provided on the lower surface along one set of side surfaces. Two recesses,
The two recesses are separated from each other by a predetermined second distance (b);
A paving paving stone characterized in that the second distance (b) of all paving paving stones is substantially constant. The paving paving stone according to claim 2,
The two concave portions are open in the lateral direction, and form a central portion of the lower surface at the approximate center of the paving stone. The pavement paving stone according to any one of claims 1 to 3,
The recessed portion has an upper surface substantially parallel to a contact surface with respect to the upper surface of the paving stone, and a side surface substantially perpendicular to the upper surface. The pavement paving stone according to any one of claims 1 to 4,
A pavement paving stone, wherein the recess is configured to accommodate a parallelepiped carrier. The pavement paving stone according to any one of claims 1 to 5,
The paving stone is a natural roughing paving stone, and at least one surface thereof is a non-uniform surface. A method of laying a paving stone according to any one of claims 1 to 6 on a paved road,
a) planarizing the substrate;
b) placing a rectangular carrier having a fixed shape complementary to a recess provided on the lower surface of the paving paving stone on the substrate;
c) placing the paving paving stone on the carrier so that the carrier engages with the recess and the contact surface of the upper surface of each paving paving stone is substantially coplanar. Method. The method of claim 7, comprising:
In step b), the carrier is placed at a predetermined third distance (b), the third distance (b) corresponding to the distance between two successive recesses provided on the lower surface of the paving stone. A method characterized by: The method according to claim 7 or 8, comprising:
A method characterized in that most carriers have a length to bridge a plurality of paving stones. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 9, comprising:
A method characterized by laying a carrier in a bow shape, a circular shape, or a fan shape. It is the method of any one of Claims 7-10, Comprising:
Each pavement has a substantially parallelepiped shape. It is the method of any one of Claims 7-10, Comprising:
A method wherein the carrier has a wider side and a narrower side and is placed on the base via the wider side. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 12, comprising:
The carrier is arranged at a fixed position with respect to each other using a fixing means according to a predetermined pattern shape when paving a plurality of paving stones. The method according to any one of claims 7 to 13, comprising:
d) compacting the paved road using a compaction device;
e) filling the filling material between the paving stones of the paved road with a filling material. A method for producing a paving stone according to any one of claims 1 to 6,
A method in which the recess is formed by cutting or polishing material from the lower surface of the paving stone. 16. A method according to claim 15, comprising
Each paving paving stone has a substantially parallelepiped shape, two sets of substantially parallel side surfaces extending between the upper surface and the lower surface, and 2 provided on the lower surface along one set of side surfaces. Two recesses,
Providing two recesses on the upper surface along the side surfaces of the one set;
Dividing the paving stone into two parts substantially along a plane parallel or perpendicular to the tangent to the upper surface.

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