JP2008518688A - 直線状の器具を較正する方法および装置 - Google Patents
直線状の器具を較正する方法および装置 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
【選択図】図1
Description
Claims (61)
- 器具を患者の解剖学的構造の一部分に対してナビゲートするシステムであって、
係合端部、作用端部、および前記係合端部と前記作用端部の間を延びるシャフトを備える器具と、
前記係合端部に係合し、前記係合端部から係脱するように動作可能なように、前記係合端部に選択的に係合可能な部材と、
前記器具と相互連結された第1の追跡センサと、
前記第1の追跡センサを追跡するように動作可能な追跡システムと、
を備え、
前記部材が前記係合端部に係合された場合に、前記追跡システムは、前記第1の追跡センサに対する前記部材の向きを決定するように動作可能であり、
前記係合端部が、前記作用端部によって定義される第2の軸と非同軸な第1の軸を定義する、
ことを特徴とする、器具を患者の解剖学的構造の一部分に対してナビゲートするシステム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
第2の追跡センサを有する探査子をさらに備え、
前記第1の追跡センサおよび前記第2の追跡センサが互いに対して追跡できることを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記患者の画像データを得るように動作可能な撮影システムと、
前記画像データに基づいた前記患者の画像、および前記部材のレンダリングを表示するディスプレイと
をさらに備えることを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記器具が、インパクタ、ドライバ、インサータ、ハンドル、またはそれらの組合せを含む群から選択されることを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記部材が、インプラント、工具、ラスプ、リーマ、ドリル、寛骨臼インプラント、寛骨臼リーマ、大腿骨インプラント、大腿骨ラスプ、脛骨インプラント、上腕骨インプラント、関節窩リーマ、またはそれらの組合せを含む群から選択されることを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記部材が、前記患者の解剖学的構造の寛骨臼内に位置決めされるように動作可能な寛骨臼インプラントを含むことを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記部材が、前記患者の解剖学的構造の寛骨臼をリーマで広げるために前記器具と相互連結するように動作可能なリーマを備えることを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
部材がそれぞれ固有の寸法を有する複数の部材を備え、前記固有の寸法がそれぞれ、処理装置によってアクセス可能なメモリシステムに記憶されることを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記第1の追跡センサが前記器具と一体であることを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項2に記載のシステムであって、
前記第1の追跡センサまたは前記第2の追跡センサのうちの少なくとも1つが、光センサ、電磁センサ、音波センサ、放射線センサ、重量センサ、またはそれらの組合せを含む群から選択されることを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項2に記載のシステムであって、
前記部材が、前記部分の前記第1の追跡センサに対する画像空間内の点を決定するために、前記探査子によって選択的に接触されるように動作可能な部分を定義することを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記追跡システムが、前記部材によって定義された平面を含む前記部材によって定義された幾何学的形状の少なくとも一部分を決定するように動作可能であることを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項12に記載のシステムであって、
前記部材が寛骨臼インプラントであり、前記平面が前記寛骨臼インプラントの周縁部によって定義されることを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記部材によって定義された幾何学的形状の少なくとも一部分が、前記部材によって定義された平面を通って延びるベクトルを含むことを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項14に記載のシステムであって、
前記追跡システムが、前記ベクトルと前記患者の間の角度を決定するように動作可能であることを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項14に記載のシステムであって、
前記ベクトルが前記部材の実質的に頂点にある点を起点とし、前記点と前記平面の間の距離が前記部材の深さを定義することを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記部材が、それぞれ固有の寸法を有する複数の部材を含むことを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項17に記載のシステムであって、
前記複数の部材が、それぞれ固有の深さを有する寛骨臼インプラントまたはリーマのうちの少なくとも一方を複数含むことを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記部材が印を含むことを特徴とする、システム。 - 請求項1に記載のシステムであって、
前記第1の追跡センサが前記器具に取外し可能に連結されたことを特徴とする、システム。 - 器具に対する第1の部材の位置を決定する方法であって、
第1の追跡センサを前記器具と相互連結するステップと、
第1の部材を前記器具と相互連結するステップと、
前記部材の一部分上にある少なくとも3つの点を決定するステップと、
前記決定された3つの点に少なくとも部分的に基づいて、前記第1の部材の平面を決定するステップと、
前記平面を通る前記第1の部材のベクトルを決定するステップと、
を含むことを特徴とする、器具に対する第1の部材の位置を決定する方法。 - 請求項21に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の部材が前記器具と相互連結された後に、前記第1の部材に対して探査子と相互連結された第2の追跡センサを追跡するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項22に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の追跡センサおよび前記第2の追跡センサのうちの少なくとも一方が、音波追跡センサ、電磁追跡センサ、放射線追跡センサ、光追跡センサ、重量センサ、またはそれらの組合せを含む群から選択されることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項21に記載の方法であって、
実質的に非同軸の部分を備えるような前記器具を選択するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項24に記載の方法であって、
第1の追跡センサを前記器具と相互連結するステップが、非直線状の部分によって前記器具の第2の端部と相互連結された前記器具の第1の端部に前記第1の追跡センサを位置決めするステップを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項25に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の部材を前記器具と相互連結するステップが、前記第1の部材を前記器具の前記第2の端部付近に相互連結するステップを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項22に記載の方法であって、
第2の追跡センサを追跡するステップが前記探査子を用いて前記第1の部材上の少なくとも3つの点に接触するステップを含み、前記第1の部材の平面を決定するステップが前記3つの点によって定義された平面を決定するステップを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項27に記載の方法であって、
ベクトルを決定するステップが、前記第1の部材上のベクトル点に接触するステップ、および前記決定された平面を通るベクトル点を始点とするベクトルを定義するステップを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項22に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の追跡センサに対して第2の追跡センサを追跡するステップが、前記第1の部材の平面を定義するために前記探査子を用いて前記第1の部材の少なくとも一部分をトレースするステップを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項21に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の部材の少なくとも2つの軸に沿って、前記第1の部材の2次元画像データを得るステップと、
前記2次元データを前記第1の部材の3次元の幾何学的形状データに変換するステップとをさらに含み、
平面を決定するステップおよびベクトルを決定するステップは、前記3次元変換の幾何学的形状データから決定されることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項21に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の部材を患者の解剖学的構造に対して移動するために、前記決定された平面と前記決定されたベクトルを前記患者の解剖学的構造の一部分に対してナビゲートするステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項21に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の部材を、リーマ、寛骨臼インプラント、大腿骨インプラント、脛骨インプラント、整形外科インプラント、工具、またはそれらの組合せを含む群から選択するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項21に記載の方法であって、
平面を決定するステップまたはベクトルを決定するステップのうちの少なくとも一方が処理装置により行われることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項21に記載の方法であって、
少なくとも3つの点を決定するステップが、前記平面を定義するために実質的に等しい距離で離れる少なくとも3つの点を決定するステップを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項33に記載の方法であって、
前記処理装置によってアクセス可能なメモリシステムを提供するステップをさらに含み、
前記メモリシステムが複数の前記部材に関するデータを含む参照テーブルを含む、
ことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項35に記載の方法であって、
前記複数の部材が、前記参照テーブルに記憶された複数の固有の寸法を備えることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項31に記載の方法であって、
少なくとも前記平面または前記ベクトルを表すアイコンを前記患者の画像に重ね合わせるステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項31に記載の方法であって、
前記部材の3次元の図形レンダリングを前記患者の画像に重ね合わせるステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項21に記載の方法であって、
第2の部材を選択するステップと、
前記第1の部材を前記器具から取り外した後に、前記第2の部材を前記器具と相互連結するステップと、
前記第2の部材の異なる寸法に基づいて前記平面および前記ベクトルのうちの少なくとも一方を変換するステップと、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項39に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の部材および前記第2の部材の寸法の前記参照テーブルを提供するステップをさらに含み、
前記平面上の前記ベクトルのうちの少なくとも1つを変換するステップが、前記参照テーブルに記憶された前記寸法に基づいていることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項21に記載の方法であって、
前記決定された平面上にあるべき第4の点を決定することによって前記決定された平面の正確さを確認するステップと、
前記第4の点が前記決定された平面上にあるかどうかを判別するステップと、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項41に記載の方法であって、
前記第4の点が前記決定された平面上にないと判別された場合、少なくとも3つの追加の点を決定することを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項41に記載の方法であって、
第2の追跡センサを備える探査子を前記3つの点および前記第4の点のそれぞれに接触させるステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項22に記載の方法であって、
前記探査子を前記部材の印に接触させることを特徴とする、方法。 - 患者の解剖学的構造に対する手順をナビゲートする方法であって、
第1の追跡センサを器具と相互連結させるステップと、
部材を前記器具と相互連結させるステップと、
前記部材によって定義される少なくとも3つの点を決定して平面を定義するために、探査子を追跡するステップと、
前記部材に対して前記平面を通るベクトルを定義する第4の点を決定するために探査子を追跡するステップと、
前記平面および前記ベクトルに少なくとも部分的に基づいて前記解剖学的構造に対して前記部材をナビゲートするステップと、
を含む、患者の解剖学的構造に対する手順をナビゲートする方法。 - 請求項45に記載の方法であって、第1の端部と第2の端部の間を延びる実質的に非同軸の部分を備えるような前記器具を選択するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。
- 請求項46に記載の方法であって、
前記器具が、第2の端部と実質的に非同軸である第1の端部を備えることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項46に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の追跡センサを相互連結させるステップが、前記第1の追跡センサを前記器具の前記第1の端部または前記第2の端部と相互連結させるステップを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項46に記載の方法であって、
前記部材を前記器具と相互連結させるステップが、前記部材を前記器具の前記第1の端部または第2の端部のうちのもう一方と相互連結するステップを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項45に記載の方法であって、
前記部材によって定義された少なくとも3つの点を決定するために探査子を追跡するステップが、前記部材によって定義された少なくとも3つの別の点に前記探査子を接触させるステップを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項50に記載の方法であって、
追跡される前記点が、寛骨臼インプラント、リーマ、大腿骨インプラント、大腿骨ラスプ、脛骨インプラント、またはその組合せのうちの少なくとも1つの周縁部によって定義されることを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項45に記載の方法であって、
前記第1の追跡センサに対して第2の追跡センサを追跡するステップが、追跡システムを用いて追跡するステップを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項45に記載の方法であって、
前記患者の前記解剖学的構造の画像データを撮影システムを用いて収集するステップと、
収集された前記画像データに基づいて画像を表示するステップと、
をさらに含み、
前記解剖学的構造に対して前記部材をナビゲートするステップが、表示された前記画像に対して前記部材のアイコンを表示するステップを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項53に記載の方法であって、
前記部材を表示するステップが、前記画像に対する前記部材の3次元表示を表示するステップを含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項45に記載の方法であって、
前記部材の3次元形状を定義する複数の点を決定するために前記探査子を追跡するステップと、
前記患者の画像データに対するディスプレイ上に前記部材の前記3次元形状を表示するステップと、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項45に記載の方法であって、
それぞれ固有の寸法を備える複数の部材を提供するステップと、
前記複数の前記部材のそれぞれの前記固有の寸法に基づいて、前記部材の前記定義された平面および前記定義されたベクトルを変換するステップと、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項56に記載の方法であって、
前記器具によって相互連結された前記複数の部材のうちの1つの前記固有の寸法に基づいて変換された前記平面および前記ベクトルを表示するステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項45に記載の方法であって、
前記決定された平面上にあるべき第4の点を決定することによって前記決定された平面の正確さを確認するステップと、
前記第4の点が前記決定された平面上にあるかどうかを判別するステップと、
をさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項58に記載の方法であって、
前記第4の点が前記決定された平面上にないと判別された場合、少なくとも3つの追加の点を決定することを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項58に記載の方法であって、
第2の追跡センサを備える探査子を前記3つの点および前記第4の点のそれぞれに接触させるステップをさらに含むことを特徴とする、方法。 - 請求項45に記載の方法であって、
前記探査子を前記部材の印に接触させることを特徴とする、方法。
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JP5227027B2 (ja) | 2013-07-03 |
WO2006060107A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
US20060094958A1 (en) | 2006-05-04 |
EP3042624A1 (en) | 2016-07-13 |
EP1833400A1 (en) | 2007-09-19 |
CA2585687A1 (en) | 2006-06-08 |
US7636595B2 (en) | 2009-12-22 |
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