JP2008512870A - 多数の電圧デバイスの実現を有する多接合レーザ光検出器 - Google Patents
多数の電圧デバイスの実現を有する多接合レーザ光検出器 Download PDFInfo
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Abstract
Description
レーザパワー変換装置は、レーザからの単色照明を電流および電圧出力に変換できる。レーザパワー変換器の用途は、高度の絶縁、電気ノイズ耐力、本質的安全、低い磁気特性、および/または小型でクリーンなパワー源を必要とする遠隔装置への動力供給を含んできた。遠隔パワー用途は、数例挙げると、医療、航空および火薬爆発の分野に見られる。そのような幅広い用途は、さまざまな電圧および電流出力要望に対処可能なレーザパワー変換器に対する要望をもたらしている。
増加した出力を生成するために積み重ねられた多数の接合またはサブセルを用いたレーザパワー変換を提供する装置、システムおよび方法がここに開示される。柔軟で、効率的で、かつコスト効率の高いレーザパワー変換のために、垂直集積および水平集積の双方が開示される。たとえば、この発明の一実施例によれば、レーザパワー変換器は、単色照明を受け、第1の電流出力を生成する第1のサブセルと、第1のサブセルが単色照明を受けた後で単色照明の一部を受ける第2のサブセルとを含み、第2のサブセルは、第1の電流出力と実質的に等しい第2の電流出力を生成する。第1のサブセルと第2のサブセルとの間には、トンネル接合が配置されている。
通る伝送によって、トンネル接合からの単色光を第2の電流出力に変換するステップとを含んでおり、第2の電流出力は第1の電流出力と実質的に等しい。
この発明は、レーザパワー変換器の各接合における吸収によって入来単色光を分割する、実質的に等しいバンドギャップを有する同様のまたは異なる材料の多接合形成を提供する。一般に、この発明のレーザパワー変換器は、入射レーザ光を受ける第1のまたは上部サブセル(全体を通して「接合」と交換可能に使用される)と、第1サブセルの下方にあり、レーザ光を次に受ける第2のサブセルと、第1のサブセルと第2のサブセルとの間のトンネル接合とを少なくとも含む。接合が2つまたは3つの設計が開示されているが、より多くの接合がこの発明の範囲内にある。そのような場合、トンネル接合は、複数のサブセルの各々同士の間に配置される。
こでxは約3モルパーセント〜約5モルパーセント)から選択された材料を用いたレーザパワー変換器204の二接合設計は、約810nm〜約840nmの波長での単色照明の下で約2ボルトの出力を産出する。第1および第2の接合は同じ材料系であってもよいが、この発明は、接合の材料が異なり得ることを考えている。
GaAsダイオードの吸収係数および基本デバイス特性といった利用可能な材料特性に基づいたモデル化計算が、図3に要約されている。このグラフは、モデル化計算に基づいた、図2の二接合レーザパワー変換器における上部サブセルの厚さの関数としての電流生成を図示している。実現のために選択された他の半導体材料に基づいたモデル化計算も、この発明の範囲内にある。
eV〜約1.45eVである。一実施例では、双方のサブセルの格子定数も実質的に同じである。これにより、デバイスの効率を著しく低下させ得る結晶構造における欠陥の形成が回避される。「格子整合された」という用語をここで使用する場合、それは、材料間の格子定数の差が0.3%以下であることを表している。
のバンドギャップがより大きい材料の一例として、インジウムガリウムリン(InGaP)およびAlGaAsが含まれるが、これらに限定されない。
テップによる形成を介した絶縁を含んでいてもよい。そのようなプロセスは、中央の円形区分(たとえば内側区分610および710)を、周辺のより小さな区分(たとえば外側区分620および720)とともに規定してもよい。第2のステップは、表面上への金属の形成を伴い得る。材料の選択に依存して、このステップは、N型接点およびP型接点を堆積させる1つ以上のステップを含んでいてもよい。ARコーティングステップが次に続いてもよい。
Claims (36)
- レーザパワー変換器であって、
単色照明を受け、第1の電流出力を生成する第1のサブセルと、
第1のサブセルが単色照明を受けた後で単色照明の一部を受ける第2のサブセルとを含み、第2のサブセルは、第1の電流出力と実質的に等しい第2の電流出力を生成し、前記レーザパワー変換器はさらに、
第1のサブセルと第2のサブセルとの間に配置されたトンネル接合を含む、レーザパワー変換器。 - 第1のサブセルはベースとエミッタとを含む、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- ベースはGaAsで構成され、エミッタはInGaPで構成されている、請求項2に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第1のサブセルは、第1のサブセルおよび第2のサブセルによって生成された全電流の約44%〜約49%を生成する、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第1のサブセルは約5,000Å〜約6,000Åの厚さを有し、第2のサブセルは約6,000Å〜約30,000Åの厚さを有する、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第1のサブセルおよび第2のサブセルは、GaAs、GaInPAs、GaInP、AlInGaP、InGaAs、GaSb、およびAlxGa(1-x)As(ここでxは約3モルパーセント〜約5モルパーセントである)からなる群から選択される材料で構成されている、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第2のサブセルはベースとエミッタとを含む、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第1のサブセルおよび第2のサブセルは実質的に等しいバンドギャップを有する、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第1のサブセルおよび第2のサブセルは異なる材料で構成されている、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第1のサブセルおよび第2のサブセルは同じ材料で構成されている、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 単色照明はレーザによって提供される、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 単色照明は、約810nm〜約840nm、および約630nm〜約670nmからなる群から選択される波長範囲で提供される、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 単色照明は、約980nm、約1310nm、および約1550nmからなる群から選択される波長で提供される、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 単色照明は、光ファイバおよび大気からなる群から選択される伝送手段を介して提供される、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- トンネル接合は約100Å〜約1,000Åの厚さを有する、請求項1に記載のレーザ
パワー変換器。 - トンネル接合は、InGaPおよびAlGaAsからなる群から選択される材料で構成されている、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 半絶縁基板をさらに含み、第2のサブセルは基板とトンネル接合との間に位置している、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 半絶縁基板は、GaAs、Ge、およびInPからなる群から選択される材料で構成されている、請求項17に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第2のサブセルに隣接する第3のサブセルと、第2のサブセルと第3のサブセルとの間に配置された第2のトンネル接合とをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第1のサブセルは約1,000Å〜約3,000Åの厚さを有し、第2のサブセルは約1,000Å〜約3、000Åの厚さを有し、第3のサブセルは30,000Åよりも大きい厚さを有する、請求項19に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第1、第2、および第3のサブセルは、GaAs、GaInPAs、GaInP、AlInGaP、InGaAs、GaSb、およびAlxGa(1-x)As(ここでxは約0モルパーセント〜約5モルパーセントである)からなる群から選択される材料で構成されている、請求項20に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第2のサブセルに隣接する複数のサブセルと、複数のサブセル間に配置された複数のトンネル接合とをさらに含む、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第1および第2のサブセルの水平に集積された複数のサブセルをさらに含み、水平に集積された複数のサブセルは電気的に直列に連結されている、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第1のサブセルは第1の部分と第2の部分とを含み、第1の部分は第2の部分とは異なる電流出力を生成する、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第1のサブセルは第1の部分と第2の部分とを含み、第1の部分は第2の部分とは異なる電圧出力を生成する、請求項1に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 多電圧実現を有するレーザパワー変換器であって、
単色照明を受け、第1の電流出力を生成する第1のサブセルと、
第1のサブセルが単色照明を受けた後で単色照明の一部を受ける第2のサブセルとを含み、第2のサブセルは、第1の電流出力と実質的に等しい第2の電流出力を生成し、前記レーザパワー変換器はさらに、
第1のサブセルと第2のサブセルとの間に配置されたトンネル接合を含み、
第1および第2のサブセルは、第1および第2のサブセルの第1の部分が、第1および第2のサブセルの第2の部分とは異なる電流および電圧出力を生成するような、水平に集積されたサブセルを含む、レーザパワー変換器。 - 第1の部分は、第2の部分に比べてより低い電流およびより高い電圧出力を生成する、請求項26に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- 第1の部分は中央の円形区分であり、第2の部分は、直列相互接続された多数のより小さい区分を含む周辺区分であり、第1の部分は第2の部分に比べてより高い電流を生成し、第2の部分は第1の部分に比べてより低い電流でより高い電圧を生成する、請求項16に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
- レーザパワー変換システムであって、
単色照明を提供するレーザ源と、
単色照明をレーザパワー変換器に伝送するための手段とを含み、前記レーザパワー変換器は、
伝送するための手段を介してレーザ源から単色照明を受け、第1の電流出力を生成する第1のサブセルと、
第1のサブセルが単色照明を受けた後で単色照明の一部を受ける第2のサブセルとを含み、第2のサブセルは、第1の電流出力と実質的に等しい第2の電流出力を生成し、前記レーザパワー変換器はさらに、
第1のサブセルと第2のサブセルとの間に配置されたトンネル接合を含む、レーザパワー変換システム。 - 伝送するための手段は、光ファイバおよび大気からなる群から選択される、請求項29に記載のシステム。
- レーザパワーを変換する方法であって、
第1のサブセルを通る伝送によって、単色光を第1の電流出力に変換するステップと、
第1のサブセルからの単色光の一部を、トンネル接合を通して伝送するステップと、
第2のサブセルを通る伝送によって、トンネル接合からの単色光を第2の電流出力に変換するステップとを含み、第2の電流出力は第1の電流出力と実質的に等しい、方法。 - 第1のサブセルの第1の部分が、第1のサブセルの第2の部分とは異なる電流および電圧出力を生成するよう、第1のサブセルの水平に集積されたサブセルを提供するステップをさらに含む、請求項31に記載の方法。
- 第1の部分は、第2の部分に比べてより低い電流およびより高い電圧出力を生成する、請求項32に記載の方法。
- 第1および第2のサブセルの水平に集積された複数のサブセルを提供するステップをさらに含み、水平に集積された複数のサブセルは電気的に直列に連結されている、請求項31に記載の方法。
- レーザパワー変換器であって、
高電流を生成する中央の集光および電気変換領域と、
中央の集光および電気変換領域の周辺に沿った複数の区分とを含み、複数の区分は直列に相互接続されており、前記レーザパワー変換器はさらに、
中央の集光および電気変換領域、ならびに周辺に沿った複数の区分への独立した接点を含む、レーザパワー変換器。 - 中央の集光および電気変換領域、ならびに複数の区分は各々、トンネル接合を間に挟んだ少なくとも2つのサブセルで形成されている、請求項35に記載のレーザパワー変換器。
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