JP2008301369A - Timing synchronization apparatus and receiver - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To obtain a timing synchronization apparatus capable of detecting timing suitable for operating an equalizer under a multi-path environment. <P>SOLUTION: The timing synchronizing apparatus is equipped with a peak detecting section 5 for setting a time window; a memory 6 for outputting, as a synchronous word-length receiving sample, a receiving signal with the same length as that of a synchronous word with a time of each sampling point within the time window as an origin; a weight-calculating section 7 for calculating a weight at each time of the sampling point; an equalization processing section 8 for performing equalization processing, based on the weight and the synchronous word-length receiving sample; a post-equalization correlation power calculating section 10 for calculating correlation power of the synchronous word-length receiving sample and the synchronous word subjected to equalization processing; and a peak timing detecting section 13 for outputting the time at, which the post-equalization correlation power is at its peak. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a timing synchronization apparatus and a receiver that perform timing synchronization and frame synchronization for the operation of an equalizer using a synchronization word in a reception signal of wireless communication.

  As a conventional timing synchronization apparatus that performs timing synchronization and frame synchronization for demodulation operation using a synchronization word in a frame of a received signal in a multipath environment, for example, there is a technique described in Patent Document 1 below. Hereinafter, the technique described in Patent Document 1 below will be described.

The timing synchronization device described in Patent Document 1 below includes a correlator, a power calculation circuit, a maximum value detection circuit, a time sequence circuit, and a threshold circuit. Next, the operation of this timing synchronizer will be described. The received signal sampled discretely at each time is input to a correlator, and a correlation operation is performed with a synchronization word that is a known sequence. The power calculation circuit obtains the correlation power at each time of the correlation value that is the output of the correlator. The maximum value detection circuit obtains the maximum value P _peak of correlation power, which is the output of the power calculation circuit, and outputs the time when the maximum value is taken as a temporary timing to the time order reverse circuit.

The time order reverse circuit inputs the correlation power obtained by reversing the time order of the correlation power samples obtained at each time from the time of the provisional timing information to the threshold circuit. The threshold circuit calculates a threshold value P _t obtained by multiplying the maximum power value P _peak detected by the maximum value detection circuit by α (α <1). Then, in the threshold circuit, a correlation power for a period of time sequence output is reversed time order inverse circuit is compared with the threshold value P _t, if the threshold P _t is larger than the correlation power, the correlation temporary timing The time is updated to the time corresponding to the electric power, and is output as an estimated synchronization timing T _t of the provisional timing obtained when the comparison for all the samples is completed. Thus, back in time from the time of the peak of the correlation power, by detecting the threshold P _t is larger than the peak, the peak of the preceding wave (of the incoming path, the most temporally earlier arriving path) Even when the power is smaller than the peak power of the delayed wave, the arrival time of the preceding wave can be estimated.

JP 2001-53730 A

The above conventional timing synchronization unit, the correlation power value of the synchronous word and the received signal is a timing which exceeds the threshold P _t, and the equalizer operation timing (demodulation operation timing). On the other hand, in a multipath environment, the correlation power level is significantly reduced due to the influence of intersymbol interference depending on the power, time interval, and phase relationship of each path of the delayed wave. For this reason, it becomes easy to be affected by noise and a correct peak value cannot be obtained, and as a result, there is a high possibility that a correct timing cannot be obtained as an operation timing of the equalizer, leading to deterioration in reception quality such as a bit error rate. There was a problem.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above, and an object of the present invention is to obtain a timing synchronization device and a receiver that can correctly detect timing suitable for the operation of an equalizer in a multipath environment. To do.

  In order to solve the above-described problems and achieve the object, the present invention is a timing synchronization device that estimates the operation timing of an equalizer, and sets a predetermined time range as a time window, Peak detection means for outputting the time of the sampling point of the received signal, the received signal is stored, and for each time of the sampling point, the received signal starting from that time and having the same length as the synchronizing word A storage means for outputting as a long reception sample; a weight calculation means for calculating a weight for equalization processing of the synchronization word length reception sample for each time of the sampling point; and the weight for each time of the sampling point Equalization processing means for performing equalization processing of the synchronization word length reception sample based on the synchronization word length reception sample, and after the equalization processing at each sampling point time A post-equalization correlation power calculation means for calculating a correlation power between a sync word length received sample and a sync word as post-equalization correlation power, a peak value of the post-equalization correlation power, and a sampling point corresponding to the peak value And a peak timing detection means for outputting to the equalizer as the operation timing as the operation timing.

  According to the present invention, the time window centering on the peak position of the correlation power between the received signal and the sync word is set, and the received sample of the sync word length starting from the sample point of the received signal within the time window is set. The weight for equalization processing is calculated using the synchronization word, and the equalization processing is performed by multiplying each received sample by the weight. The position where the correlation power peaks after equalization is suitable for the operation of the equalizer. Therefore, the timing suitable for the operation of the equalizer can be correctly detected in a multipath environment.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of a timing synchronization device and a receiver according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. Note that the present invention is not limited to the embodiments.

Embodiment 1 FIG.
FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of a first embodiment of a demodulation unit of a receiver including a timing synchronization unit 1 according to the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the demodulator of the present embodiment includes a timing synchronizer 1 that performs timing estimation for a demodulation operation, a memory 2 that stores a received signal, and a timing that reads a received signal from the memory 2. And an equalizer 3 that performs transmission symbol estimation processing of the received signal based on the timing estimation result of the synchronization unit 1.

  FIG. 2 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of the timing synchronization unit 1 according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 2, the timing synchronization unit 1 of the present embodiment includes a correlation power calculation unit 4 that calculates correlation power between a received signal and a synchronization word, a peak detection unit 5 that detects a peak value of correlation power, and a reception Memory 6 for storing signals, weight calculation units 7-0 to 7- (N-1) (N is a natural number) for calculating weights for received samples having different timings at the start point, and decision feedback equalization using weights And equalization processing units 8-0 to 8- (N-1) that perform processing. The timing synchronization apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment further includes threshold generation units 9-0 to 9- (N-1) that generate thresholds for determining whether or not a synchronization word is detected, and determination feedback. Synchronized words are detected using the post-equalization correlation power calculation units 10-0 to 10- (N-1) for calculating the correlation power after the equalization processing, and the correlation power after the threshold value and the decision feedback equalization processing. Synchronization word detection units 11-0 to 11- (N-1), a determination unit 12 that determines whether or not a synchronization word is detected, and a peak of correlation power after determination feedback equalization processing is detected and equalized And a peak timing detector 13 for outputting the operation timing to the device 3.

  FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a frame configuration of a reception signal according to the present embodiment. As shown in FIG. 3, the frame according to the present embodiment includes a synchronization word 110 and data 120, and the synchronization word 110 indicates the start position of the frame. Therefore, by detecting the position of the synchronization word, the start position of the frame can be known, and the received data can be correctly demodulated.

  FIG. 4 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of the equalization processing units 8-0 to 8- (N-1) according to the present embodiment. Each of the equalization processing units 8-0 to 8- (N-1) has the configuration shown in FIG. As shown in FIG. 4, the equalization processing units 8-0 to 8-(N−1) of the present embodiment include a tap 21 for a feedforward filter (FFF) and a tap for a feedback filter (FBF). The tap 22, multipliers 23, 24, and 25, adders 26 and 27, and a determination unit 28 that performs hard decision processing.

Here, the correlation power between the synchronization word and the received signal in the multipath environment will be described. FIG. 5 is a diagram showing the correlation power between the synchronization word and the received signal, the timing estimation threshold value of the conventional timing synchronization device, and the synchronization word detection threshold value. FIG. 5 shows two types of correlation power (without delay wave) A having a peak at time T ₁ and correlation power (with delay wave) B having a peak at time T _peak . Under a multipath environment, a shape having a gentle peak such as correlation power (with delay wave) B is obtained. The peak position C indicates the peak position of the correlation power (with delay wave) B.

In the conventional timing synchronizer, the threshold value D for estimating the timing of the equalizer operation timing is set in advance, and the time before the peak position C is set to the time when the equalizer operation timing is exceeded. I was trying. In this way, the position T ₁ of the preceding wave has been estimated. However, in a multipath environment, the level of correlation power is significantly reduced due to the influence of intersymbol interference. For this reason, it becomes easy to be affected by noise, and in the conventional method based on comparison with the threshold value, the operation timing of the equalizer may not be properly obtained. Therefore, in the present embodiment, the correct operation timing is estimated using the delay wave suppression effect of the decision feedback equalizer.

FIG. 6 is a diagram showing the correlation power between the synchronization word and the received signal and the time window of the present embodiment. Correlation power (without delay wave) A, correlation power (with delay wave) B, and peak position C are the same as in FIG. The time window E is a predetermined time range (T _{0 to} T _N-1 ) centered on the peak position C. The size of this time range is determined in advance based on, for example, the maximum value of the arrival times of the assumed preceding wave and delayed wave. In addition, T _i (i = 0 to N−1) indicates the sampling time of the received signal within the time window. In the present embodiment, with respect to a reception sample having a synchronization word length starting from a sampling point at a sampling position of T _i (i = 0 to N−1) (hereinafter referred to as a synchronization word length reception sample). , Generate weights using sync words, perform decision feedback equalization using the weights, and equalize the position where the correlation power between the sync word length received sample and sync word peaks after equalization processing The operation timing is estimated.

Next, the operation of the timing synchronization unit 1 of the present embodiment will be described. First, the correlation power calculation unit 4 of the timing synchronization unit 1 performs a correlation calculation between the received signal and the synchronization word, and calculates a correlation power from the correlation calculation result. The received signal is stored in the memory 6. The peak detection unit 5 detects the maximum value of the correlation power that is the output of the correlation power calculation unit 4 and the temporal position that is the maximum value. The peak detector 5 further obtains a time window that is a predetermined time range centered on the peak value, and based on the start / end time of the time window and the sampling interval of the received signal, the received signal present in the time window Sampling points (T ₀ , T ₁ ,..., T _N-1 ) are obtained and output to the memory 6. The memory 6 reads out reception samples (synchronization word length reception samples) corresponding to the synchronization word length starting from each sampling point (T ₀ , T ₁ ,..., T _N-1 ), and T _i (i = 0 to N-1), the synchronization word length reception sample is output to the weight calculation unit 7-i and the equalization processing unit 8-i. In this way, the weight calculation unit 7-i and the equalization processing unit 8-i perform calculations on synchronization word length reception samples having different starting points (different starting point timings).

The weight calculation unit 7-i calculates a weight for the calculation of the equalization processing unit 8-i with respect to the synchronization word length reception sample starting from T _i . Note that the configuration of the equalization processing unit 8-i is a configuration of a decision feedback equalizer as shown in FIG. Normally, when a decision feedback equalizer is used as an equalizer for performing data demodulation, the number of taps of the feedforward filter uses a value of 2 taps or more in order to improve delay wave suppression performance. However, if the number of taps is 2 or more, it becomes strong against timing shifts, so that an estimation result with a certain temporal width can be obtained as a timing estimation result, and the estimation characteristics deteriorate when used for timing estimation. There is a problem of doing.

  Therefore, since the equalization processing unit 8-i of the present embodiment is intended to perform timing estimation, the number of taps of the feedforward filter is set to 1 specialized for timing estimation. Further, when the number of taps of the feedforward filter is 1, there is an advantage that the total number of taps can be reduced. As for the feedback filter (FBF), here, as an example, a case where two delay waves are present is assumed, and the number of taps is set to two. The number of taps of the feedback filter is not limited to this, and a numerical value is determined according to the number of delay waves assumed.

Next, a weight calculation method for a synchronization word length reception sample starting from T ₀ , which is an arithmetic process performed by the weight calculation unit 7-0, will be described. The synchronization word length is M, the sample point number in the synchronization word length reception sample is k, the weight for the feedforward filter is w ₀ (k), and the weight for the feedback filter is w ₁ (k), w ₂ (k). A synchronization word that is a known sequence is assumed to be r = [r ₀ r ₁ r ₂ ... R _M−1 ] ^T. Also, when x ₀ (k) is a synchronization word length reception sample starting from T ₀ and the known determination values for two taps are d ₋₁ (k) and d ₋₂ (k), X (k ) = [X ₀ (k) d ₋₁ (k) d ₋₂ (k)] ^T At this time, the weight W (k) can be calculated according to the following equation (1).

At this time, R _Xr and R _XX are the cross-correlation value and auto-correlation value of X (k) and r, respectively. R _Xr can be calculated according to the following equation (2).

Here, C ₋₁ and C ₋₂ can be regarded as correlations between the synchronization words themselves, and are constants. Therefore, if the synchronization word and the synchronization word length are determined, they can be calculated in advance. Furthermore, the autocorrelation value can be calculated according to the following equation (3).

Here, h ₋₁ and h ₋₂ can be regarded as correlations of the synchronization words themselves and are constants, and therefore can be calculated in advance. In addition, since the elements other than the correlation between the synchronization words themselves in the expressions (2) and (3) are the power value of the synchronization word length reception samples and the correlation calculation between the synchronization word length reception samples and the synchronization words, a correlator was used. It can be calculated by a calculator with a simple configuration.

The equalization processing unit 8-0 multiplies the synchronization word length reception sample output from the memory 6 starting from T ₀ by the weight W (k) calculated by the weight calculation unit 7-0. The output signal y ₀ (k) of the equalization processing unit 8-0 can be expressed by the following equation (4).
y ₀ (k) = W (k) ^H · X (k) (4)

The post-equalization correlation power calculation unit 10-0 performs a correlation operation between the output signal y ₀ (k) from the equalization processing unit 8-0 and the synchronization word with respect to the synchronization word length reception sample starting from T ₀ . Thereafter, the correlation power is calculated and output to the peak timing detection unit 13 and the determination unit 12 in association with the starting point (T ₀ ) of each corresponding synchronization word length reception sample.

Wait Likewise, weight calculator 7-1~7- (N-1) is, T ₁ through T sync word length receiving the _N-1 as the starting point samples x ₁ for _{(k) ~x N-1 (} k) (Calculate as x ₁ (k) to x _N-1 (k) instead of x ₀ (k) in equations (2) and (3)). The equalization processing units 8-1 to 8- (N-1) are y ₁ (k) in the same manner as the equalization processing unit 8-0 with respect to the synchronization word length reception samples starting from T _{1 to} T _N-1. ~ Y _N-1 (k) is calculated. Then, the post-equalization correlation power calculation units 10-1 to 10- (N-1) perform the correlation calculation between y ₁ (k) to y _N-1 (k) and the synchronization word, respectively, and then the correlation power. A value is calculated and output to the peak timing detection unit 13 and the determination unit 12 in association with the starting point (T _{1 to} T _N-1 ) of the corresponding synchronization word length reception sample.

The peak timing detection unit 13 obtains the maximum value of the correlation power value based on the correlation power value output from the post-equalization correlation power calculation units 10-0 to 10- (N-1), and corresponds to the maximum value. The timing (starting point of the synchronization word length reception sample: any of T _{0 to} T _N-1 ) is output to the equalizer 3 as a timing estimation value.

  Also, the synchronization word detection unit 11-i compares the correlation power, which is the calculation result of the equalized correlation power calculation unit 10-i, with the threshold value preset by the threshold value generation unit 9-i, respectively, If the power exceeds the threshold value, it is determined that a synchronization word has been detected. The determination unit 12 receives the respective determination results from the synchronization word detection units 11-0 to 11- (N-1), and determines that there is a frame detection if there is a determination result that at least one after synchronization is detected. This frame detection result indicates an approximate position of the frame position (frame detection in units of peak correlation power), and can be used in such a process that needs to know the frame position during the demodulation process. it can. Therefore, when only the estimation of the operation timing of the equalizer 3 is performed, the processing of the synchronization word detection unit 11-i and the determination unit 9 may not be performed.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, the correlation calculation between the received signal and the synchronization word is performed, the temporal position where the correlation power becomes the maximum value is detected, and the predetermined range centering on the peak value of the correlation power is detected. By setting a time window, the weight calculation unit 7-i calculates a weight for equalization processing using the synchronization word for the synchronization word length reception sample starting from each sample point in the time window, The equalization processing unit 8-i performs equalization processing on the synchronization word length reception sample using the weight. Then, the post-equalization correlation power calculation unit 10-i calculates the correlation power between the equalization processing result and the synchronization word, and the peak timing detection unit 13 sets the timing at which the post-equalization correlation power becomes the maximum as the timing estimation value, etc. Output to the generator 3. For this reason, a timing estimation device that can obtain a good timing estimation value as the operation timing of the equalizer can be obtained even under the influence of intersymbol interference due to delayed waves in a multipath environment.

  Further, in this embodiment, the correlation value between the synchronization word length reception sample and the synchronization word and the power of the synchronization word length reception sample are calculated. For this reason, it is possible to calculate the weight for equalization processing while suppressing the amount of calculation.

Embodiment 2. FIG.
FIG. 7 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of the second embodiment of the timing synchronization device according to the present invention. The timing synchronization apparatus according to the present embodiment includes 7-0 to 7- (N-1), equalization processing units 8-0 to 8- (N-1), and thresholds of the timing synchronization unit 1 according to the first embodiment. The value generators 9-0 to 9- (N-1), the post-equalization correlation power calculators 10-0 to 10- (N-1), and the sync word detectors 11-0 to 11- (N-1) 7a-0 to 7a- (N-1), equalization processing units 8a-0 to 8a- (N-1), threshold generation units 9a-0 to 9a- (N-1), respectively, after equalization The correlation power calculation units 10a-0 to 10a- (N-1) and the synchronization word detection units 11a-0 to 11a- (N-1) are used. Otherwise, the timing synchronization unit 1 of the first embodiment and It is the same. Components having the same functions as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

Since the operations of the correlation power calculation unit 4, the peak detection unit 5, and the memory 6 are the same as those in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted. In the first embodiment, the weight calculation units 7-0 to 7- (N-1) are calculated using the inverse matrix of R _XX (k) having division processing according to the equation (1). The weight calculation units 7a-0 to 7a- (N-1) in the form of the above form B (k) as the cofactor of R _XX (k) without performing the inverse matrix calculation division process for the sake of simplifying the calculation. When a matrix is used, the weight is calculated according to the following equation (5). The equalization processing units 8a-0 to 8a- (N-1) perform equalization processing using this weight.

The weight calculation units 7a-0 to 7a- (N-1) calculate R _XX (k) and output the calculated values to the threshold value generation units 9a-0 to 9a- (N-1). In the threshold value generation units 9a-0 to 9a- (N-1) of the present embodiment, R _XX (k) calculated by the weight calculation units 7a-0 to 7a- (N-1) is used to perform the reverse operation. A threshold value corresponding to the case where the division process of the matrix operation is not performed is generated as follows. First, the inverse matrix of R _XX (k) can be represented by R _XX excess factor matrix B (k) (k) the following equations to (6).

Here, when detecting a sync word, it is detected by a threshold having a relative magnitude with respect to the correlation power of the sync word length received sample and the sync word after the equalization processing without performing the inverse matrix calculation process. That's fine. In the present embodiment, the correlation power between the received signal after the equalization processing and the synchronization word can be expressed by the following equation (7). Therefore, the determinant is squared to the numerical value corresponding to the threshold value of the first embodiment. [Det (R _XX (k))] ² which is the obtained value is multiplied to obtain the threshold value of this embodiment. By using this threshold value, division processing by determinant at the time of inverse matrix calculation of R _XX (k) can be made unnecessary.

Here, v ₀ (k) is a reception signal after equalization processing by the equalization processing units 8a-0 to 8a- (N−1) after weight multiplication based on the equation (5). 8).
v ₀ (k) = W (k) ^H · X (k) (8)

  The post-equalization correlation power calculation processing units 10a-0 to 10a- (N-1) calculate the correlation power using the results of the equalization processing units 8a-0 to 8a- (N-1) and after synchronization, It outputs to the synchronous word detection part 11a-0 to 11a- (N-1). The synchronization word detection units 11a-0 to 11a- (N-1) output the outputs of the equalized correlation power calculation processing units 10a-0 to 10a- (N-1) as threshold value generation units 9a-0 to 9a-. The threshold value generated by (N-1) is compared, and if it exceeds the threshold value, it is determined that the frame is detected. The processes of the present embodiment other than those described above are the same as those of the first embodiment.

As described above, in the present embodiment, the weight calculation units 7a-0 to 7a- (N-1) do not perform the division process of the inverse matrix of R _XX (k), and the threshold value generation unit 9a-0. ˜9a− (N−1) is calculated as the threshold value of the present embodiment by multiplying the numerical value corresponding to the threshold value of the first embodiment by the square of the determinant of R _XX (k). did. This eliminates the need for a division operation and allows the weight calculation units 7a-0 to 7a- (N-1) to have a simple configuration.

  As described above, the timing synchronization device according to the present invention is useful for a receiver that performs timing synchronization and frame synchronization for the operation of an equalizer using a synchronization word in a reception signal of wireless communication, Suitable for receivers that receive received signals in a multipath environment.

It is a figure which shows the function structural example of Embodiment 1 of the demodulation part of a receiver provided with the timing synchronizer concerning this invention. 2 is a diagram illustrating an example of a functional configuration of a timing synchronization device according to Embodiment 1. FIG. 3 is a diagram illustrating a frame configuration according to Embodiment 1. FIG. It is a figure which shows the function structural example of the equalization process part of this Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the correlation power of a synchronous word, a received signal, the timing estimation threshold value of a conventional timing synchronizer, and a synchronous word detection threshold value. It is a figure which shows the correlation window of a synchronous word and a received signal, and the time window of Embodiment 1. FIG. 6 is a diagram illustrating a functional configuration example of a timing synchronization device according to a second embodiment. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Timing synchronization part 2,6 Memory 3 Equalizer 4 Correlation power calculation part 5 Peak detection part 7-0-7- (N-1), 7a-0-7a- (N-1) Weight calculation part 8-0 ~ 8- (N-1), 8a-0 to 8a- (N-1) Equalization processor 9-0 to 9- (N-1), 9a-0 to 9a- (N-1) Threshold value Generation unit 10-0 to 10- (N-1), 10a-0 to 10a- (N-1) Equalized correlation power calculation unit 11-0 to 11- (N-1), 11a-0 to 11a- (N-1) Sync word detection unit 12 Judgment unit 13 Peak timing detection unit 21, 22 Tap 23, 24, 25 Multiplier 26, 27 Adder 28 Judgment unit 110 Sync word 120 Data A Correlation power (no delay wave)
B Correlation power (with delay wave)
C Peak position D Threshold E Time window

Claims (9)

A timing synchronization device for estimating the operation timing of an equalizer,
A peak detection means for setting a predetermined time range as a time window and outputting the time of the sampling point of the received signal within the time window;
A storage means for storing a reception signal, and for each time at the sampling point, a reception signal starting from that time and having the same length as the synchronization word is output as a synchronization word length reception sample;
A weight calculating means for calculating a weight for equalization processing of the synchronization word length reception sample for each time of the sampling point;
Equalization processing means for performing equalization processing of the synchronization word length reception sample based on the weight and the synchronization word length reception sample for each time of the sampling point;
A post-equalization correlation power calculation means for calculating the correlation power between the synchronization word length received sample and the synchronization word after the equalization processing as the post-equalization correlation power for each sampling point time;
A peak timing detecting means for obtaining a peak value of the correlated power after the equalization and outputting the time of a sampling point corresponding to the peak value to the equalizer as the operation timing;
A timing synchronization device comprising:   2. The timing synchronization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a peak time at which the correlation power between the synchronization word and the received signal reaches a peak is obtained, and the predetermined time range is a time range centered on the peak time. .   The timing synchronization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein the equalization processing unit performs a decision feedback type equalization process.   The weight calculating means calculates a weight using a power value of the synchronization word length reception sample, a correlation value between the synchronization word length reception sample and the synchronization word, and a correlation matrix based on the correlation value of the synchronization word. The timing synchronizer according to claim 3.   The timing synchronization apparatus according to claim 3 or 4, wherein the number of taps of the feedforward filter of the equalization processing unit is 1. k is a sampling number, R _XX (k) is an autocorrelation matrix calculated based on the synchronization word length reception sample, and R _Xr (k) is a mutual value calculated based on the synchronization word length reception sample and the synchronization word length. 6. The timing synchronization according to claim 4, wherein when the correlation matrix is set, the weight W (k) is calculated as W (k) = R _XX ⁻¹ (k) · R _Xr (k). apparatus. A synchronization that compares the equalized correlation power with a predetermined threshold at each sampling point time, and determines that a synchronization word has been detected if the equalized correlation power exceeds the threshold Word detection means;
Frame detection means for determining that a frame has been detected when one or more of the determination results for each time of the sampling point is a result that a synchronization word has been detected;
The timing synchronizer according to claim 1, further comprising: k is a sampling number, R _XX (k) is an autocorrelation matrix calculated based on the synchronization word length received sample, B (k) is a cofactor matrix of R _XX (k), and R _Xr (k) is a synchronization word. When the cross-correlation matrix is calculated based on the long received sample and the synchronization word length, the weight W (k) is calculated as W (k) = B (k) · R _Xr (k)
The timing synchronization apparatus according to claim 7, wherein the threshold value is a value proportional to a square value of a determinant of R _XX (k). A timing synchronization device according to any one of claims 1 to 8;
A receiver comprising an equalizer that operates based on the operation timing.

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