JP2008298212A - Gear head - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a gear head which can easily change a speed ratio of rotational speeds of a drive gear and a driven gear which are accommodated in a case. <P>SOLUTION: A motor 21 is supported to a lid body case 14 of the gear case 12. The drive gear 23 is fit to a rotating shaft 22 of the motor 21, and the driven gear 26 fit to a main shaft 16 is rotated by a deceleration gear mechanism 27. The motor 21 is supported so as to be adjustable in terms of position in an arrow P direction which is orthogonal to an axial line O of the rotating shaft 22 by a position adjusting mechanism 32. An exchanging window 13a is formed in a part which corresponds to the drive gear 23 of a main body case 13, and the exchanging window 13a is closed by a lid plate 41. The lid plate 41 is removed, and the drive gear 23 is removed. The motor 21 is moved to the arrow P direction together with a position adjusting plate 35 by loosening nuts 36 of the position adjusting mechanism 32, and the drive gear 23 which is different in outside diameter is fit to the rotating shaft 22. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gear head used in, for example, a spindle device of a machine tool or a geared motor.

In general, in a machine tool, a workpiece supported by a table is machined by a tool mounted on a spindle of a spindle device. In some cases, a gear head is used as the main spindle device in order to reduce the rotational speed of the rotary shaft of the motor and transmit it to the main spindle. As this gear head, one disclosed in Patent Document 1 has been proposed. In this gear head, the input shaft is penetrated and supported by two opposing wall portions of the case via bearings, and a pulley that is rotated by the power of the motor is fitted to the outer end portion of the input shaft. A drive gear is fitted on the shaft. A driven gear is fitted to the inner end of a tool support shaft supported in parallel to the input shaft via a bearing, and a reduction gear mechanism is interposed between the drive gear and the driven gear. .
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 3-190645

  However, the gear head of the machine tool described in Patent Document 1 has a structure in which the input shaft is penetrated and supported at a predetermined position of the case and the drive gear cannot be replaced. Therefore, the drive gear is replaced with one having a different diameter. There is a problem that the reduction ratio of the rotational speed of the drive gear and the rotational speed of the driven gear cannot be changed. This reduction ratio is changed when it is desired to change the machining conditions of the workpiece by the tool of the machine tool. However, if this reduction ratio is to be changed, the gear head must be replaced with a gearhead of a different specification. There was a problem that the above cost could not be reduced.

  There has also been proposed a gear head in which a motor is fixed to the outer surface of a case, a motor rotation shaft (input shaft) is inserted into the case, and a drive gear is fitted to the rotation shaft. Therefore, there has been a problem that the drive gear described above cannot be replaced with one having a different diameter.

  The present invention eliminates the above-mentioned problems in the prior art, and can easily change the speed ratio between the rotational speed of the drive gear accommodated in the case and the rotational speed of the driven gear, An object of the present invention is to provide a gear head capable of reducing the cost.

  In order to solve the above problems, the invention according to claim 1 is characterized in that a motor is attached to a case, a drive gear is detachably connected to a rotating shaft of the motor, and an output shaft driven gear supported by the case. In a gear head in which the drive gear and the driven gear are engaged with each other in the case or an intermediate gear mechanism is interposed between the two gears, the gear head is positioned at a position corresponding to the drive gear with respect to the case. An adjustment window for exchanging the drive gear with another drive gear of a different standard is provided, and the position adjustment for adjusting the position of the motor in the direction perpendicular to the axis of the rotation shaft is provided between the case and the motor. The gist is that a mechanism is provided.

  According to a second aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the motor is attached to an outer surface of the case, and a position adjustment plate is attached to the outer surface so as to be position-adjustable, and the motor is attached to a surface of the position adjustment plate. The gist of the present invention is that the rotating shaft of the motor is inserted into the case through an opening formed in the position adjusting plate and the case.

  The invention according to claim 3 is the invention according to claim 2, wherein a plurality of elongated holes through which the bolts are inserted are formed on the outer surface of the case at a plurality of locations on the outer surface of the case. The gist is that the position adjusting plate is fastened and fixed to the case by a nut screwed into each bolt in a state where the bolt is inserted into each long hole.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, in the first aspect, the motor is housed in the case, the motor is attached to a position adjusting plate, and the position adjusting plate is mounted on the inner surface of the case so that the position can be adjusted. It is a summary.

  According to a fifth aspect of the present invention, in the fourth aspect, a plurality of bolts are connected to the position adjusting plate, and a long hole that penetrates the bolts to the outside is formed in the case. The gist is that a nut is screwed to the part.

The gist of a sixth aspect of the present invention is that, in any one of the first to fifth aspects, a lid plate is attached to the replacement window so as to be opened and closed.
According to the seventh aspect of the present invention, the input shaft is supported so as to penetrate the inside and outside of the case via a bearing with respect to the wall portion of the case, and the drive gear is detachably connected to the inner end portion of the input shaft. In addition, a pulley is fitted to the outer end, and an output shaft driven gear supported by the case is fitted inside the case, and the drive gear and the driven gear are engaged with each other or between the two gears. In the gear head having the intermediate gear mechanism interposed therebetween, a replacement window is provided for the case at a position corresponding to the drive gear so that the drive gear can be replaced with another drive gear having a different standard, and the case and the bearing The gist of the invention is that a position adjusting mechanism for adjusting the position of the bearing in a direction orthogonal to the axis of the input shaft is provided.

(Function)
In this invention, when the drive gear fitted to the rotating shaft of the motor is removed from the replacement window by using a tool, and the drive gear is replaced with a drive gear having a larger diameter, the position adjusting mechanism is Thus, the position of the rotating shaft of the motor is changed in a direction away from the driven gear or the intermediate gear. Thereafter, a large-diameter driving gear is fitted to the rotating shaft, the position of the motor is changed again by the position adjusting mechanism, and the large-diameter driving gear is meshed with the driven gear or the intermediate gear. Also, when replacing the drive gear with a small-diameter drive gear, without adjusting the position of the motor, the drive gear is removed from the rotary shaft, and after the small-diameter drive gear is fitted to the rotary shaft, the small-diameter drive gear is The position of the motor is adjusted in the direction in which is engaged with the driven gear or the intermediate gear.

  According to the present invention, the drive gear fitted to the rotation shaft or the input shaft of the motor can be easily replaced with a drive gear of a different diameter, so the rotational speed of the drive gear and the driven gear fitted to the output shaft The speed ratio with respect to the rotation speed can be easily changed, and the equipment cost can be reduced.

(First embodiment)
Hereinafter, a first embodiment in which the present invention is embodied in a gear head used as a spindle device of a machine tool will be described with reference to FIGS.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the gear case 12 of the gear head 11 includes a main body case 13 and a lid case 14 fixed with bolts in a state where the upper end opening of the main body case 13 is closed. A main shaft 16 is rotatably supported on the gear case 12 via upper and lower bearings 15. A tool holder 18 holding a tool 17 is clamped by a clamping mechanism (not shown) in a mounting hole 16a formed in the lower end portion of the main shaft 16.

  A motor 21 for rotating the main shaft 16 is mounted on the upper surface of the lid case 14, and the rotation shaft 22 of the motor 21 is inserted into the gear case 12 through an opening 14 a formed in the lid case 14. Yes. A drive gear 23 is key-fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the rotary shaft 22, and a support plate 24 is attached to the lower end surface of the rotary shaft 22 with bolts 25, and the drive gear 23 is supported by the support plate 24.

  A driven gear 26 is key-fitted to the outer peripheral surface of the main shaft 16. A reduction gear mechanism 27 as an intermediate gear mechanism is interposed in the gear case 12 so as to be positioned between the drive gear 23 and the driven gear 26. The reduction gear mechanism 27 includes an intermediate shaft 29 rotatably supported on the gear case 12 via upper and lower bearings 28, and a first intermediate gear that is key-fitted to the intermediate shaft 29 and meshed with the drive gear 23. 30 and a second intermediate gear 31 which is also key-fitted to the intermediate shaft 29 and meshed with the driven gear 26.

Next, the configuration of the main part of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIG. 1, a position adjustment mechanism 32 is provided between the lid case 14 and the motor 21 to adjust the position of the motor 21 in the P direction orthogonal to the axis O of the rotation shaft 22. Yes. As shown in FIG. 2, the lid case 14 is formed with a plurality of screw holes 14b (four in this embodiment) so as to be located in the vicinity of the opening 14a, and each screw hole 14b has a lid case 14b. Bolts 34 are respectively screwed upward from below 14. The position adjustment plate 35 supported on the upper surface of the lid case 14 is formed with a plurality of (four in this embodiment) long holes 35a through which the bolts 34 can be inserted. A nut 36 is screwed into each bolt 34, and the position adjusting plate 35 is fastened and fixed to the lid case 14 by each nut 36 as shown in FIG.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the flange portion 37 of the motor 21 is formed with a plurality of (four in this embodiment) insertion holes 37 a for penetrating the bolts 38. The position adjusting plate 35 is formed with an opening 35b for penetrating the rotating shaft 22 of the motor 21 and a screw hole 35c for screwing the bolt 38. As shown in FIG. 1, the motor 21 is fixed to the upper surface of the position adjusting plate 35 by a bolt 38 screwed into the screw hole 35 c of the position adjusting plate 35 from the insertion hole 37 a of the flange portion 37.

  An exchange window 13a is formed on the bottom wall of the main body case 13 at a position corresponding to the drive gear 23 in the vertical direction, and the drive gear 23 attached to the rotary shaft 22 through the exchange window 13a has an outer diameter. It can be exchanged with another drive gear 23 of different type. A cover plate 41 is fitted in the replacement window 13a, and the cover plate 41 can be removed from the main body case 13 by a plurality of bolts 42 inserted into the cover plate 41 and screwed into the main body case 13. It is attached.

  The gear head 11 configured as described above is mounted as a spindle device on a moving body that is controlled to move in three axial directions of a machine tool (not shown). In FIG. 1, when the motor 21 is started, the rotary shaft 22 and the drive gear 23 are rotated, and the first intermediate gear 30, the intermediate shaft 29, and the second intermediate gear 31 are rotated. The rotation of the second intermediate gear 31 is transmitted to the driven gear 26, and the main shaft 16 and the tool 17 are rotated. The work supported by the table (not shown) of the machine tool is machined by the rotation of the tool 17.

  Next, in order to change the reduction ratio between the rotational speed of the drive gear 23 of the gear head 11 and the rotational speed of the driven gear 26, the operation of replacing the drive gear 23 with one having a different diameter will be described.

  First, an operation for replacing the small-diameter drive gear 23 with the large-diameter drive gear 23 will be described. 1, after removing the bolt 42 and removing the cover plate 41 from the main body case 13 and opening the replacement window 13a, the bolt 25 and the support plate 24 are removed from the rotating shaft 22 and rotated as shown in FIG. The small-diameter drive gear 23 is removed from the shaft 22. Next, as shown in FIG. 4, the nuts 36 are loosened, and the motor 21 is moved together with the position adjusting plate 35 to the right in the direction of the arrow P, that is, in the direction in which the rotary shaft 22 is separated from the first intermediate gear 30. Next, as shown in FIG. 5, a large-diameter drive gear 23 is fitted to the rotary shaft 22, and the drive gear 23 is supported by a support plate 24 and bolts 25. Further, the motor 21 is moved to the left in the direction of the arrow P together with the position adjusting plate 35, the large-diameter drive gear 23 is engaged with the first intermediate gear 30, and the position adjusting plate 35 is placed on the upper surface of the lid case 14 by the nut 36. Tighten and fix. Finally, the cover plate 41 is fitted into the replacement window 13 a, and the cover plate 41 is attached to the main body case 13 with the bolts 42. In this way, the replacement work between the small-diameter drive gear 23 and the large-diameter drive gear 23 can be performed.

  On the other hand, when replacing the large-diameter drive gear 23 with the small-diameter drive gear 23, the position of the motor 21 and the position adjustment plate 35 is adjusted after the small-diameter drive gear 23 is fitted to the rotary shaft 22. This is done by moving the position adjusting plate 35 once to the left in the direction of arrow P where the drive gear 23 is engaged with the first intermediate gear 30.

According to the gear head 11 of the said embodiment, the following effects can be acquired.
(1) In the above embodiment, the position adjustment mechanism 32 supports the motor 21 with respect to the lid case 14 so that the position of the motor 21 can be adjusted in the direction of the arrow P perpendicular to the axis O of the rotation shaft 22. And a replacement window 13 a at the bottom of the main body case 13. For this reason, as described above, the drive gear 23 can be easily replaced with one having a different diameter, and the speed ratio between the rotation speed of the drive gear 23 and the rotation speed of the driven gear 26 can be easily changed. Equipment costs can be reduced.

(2) In the above embodiment, since the replacement window 13a is provided in the main body case 13, the cover plate 41 can be removed to replace the damaged drive gear 23 with the drive gear 23 having the same diameter.
(3) In the above embodiment, the bolt 34 is inserted into the elongated hole 35a formed in the position adjusting plate 35 constituting the position adjusting mechanism 32 and the nut 36 is screwed into the bolt 34. Therefore, the nut 36 is loosened. Only the position of the motor 21 can be easily adjusted.

(Second Embodiment)
Next, a second embodiment of the gear head 11 embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. In addition, since this 2nd Embodiment is the structure changed so that the motor 21 of 1st Embodiment might be accommodated in the inside of the gear case 12, the detailed description is abbreviate | omitted about another similar part.

  In the second embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a position adjustment plate 35 ′ different from the position adjustment plate 35 is attached to the inner surface of the gear case 12. Long holes 13b are formed at a plurality of (for example, four) positions on the main body case 13, screw holes 35d are formed at a plurality of (for example, four) positions on the position adjustment plate 35 ', and bolts 34 are screwed into the respective screw holes 35d. is doing. Each bolt 34 is inserted into the elongated hole 13 b of the main body case 13, and a nut 36 is screwed to the lower end portion of each bolt 34. Further, a replacement window 14 c is opened in the lid case 14, and the replacement window 14 c is closed with a cover plate 41 and a bolt 42.

  In this second embodiment, the bolts 42 are removed, the cover plate 41 is removed from the replacement window 14c, the nuts 36 are loosened, and the motor 21 is moved together with the position adjustment plate 35 'in the direction of the arrow P for driving. The gear 23 is replaced with a drive gear 23 having a different diameter. The detailed replacement operation of the drive gear 23 is the same as the replacement operation described in the first embodiment.

(Third embodiment)
Next, a third embodiment of the gear head 11 embodying the present invention will be described with reference to FIG.

  In the third embodiment, a bearing 45 that supports the input shaft 44 is fixed to the wall portion of the gear case 12 so that the position of the input shaft 44 and the bearing 45 is adjusted by the position adjusting mechanism 32. The motor 21 is fixed to a frame (not shown), a driving pulley 46 is fitted to the rotary shaft 22, a driven pulley 47 is fitted to the input shaft 44, and a belt 48 is hung on both pulleys 46, 47. It is disguised. A flange portion 37 similar to the flange portion 37 is integrally formed on the outer peripheral surface of the housing of the bearing 45, and the flange portion 37 is fastened and fixed to the position adjustment plate 35 by a bolt 38. Since the other configuration of the third embodiment is the same as that of the first embodiment, detailed description thereof is omitted.

  In the third embodiment, even when the positions of the input shaft 44 and the bearing 45 are adjusted by the position adjusting mechanism 32, the function of the belt 48 is, for example, an idle pulley (not shown) pressed against the belt 48. Is held properly.

In addition, you may change each said embodiment as follows.
As shown in FIG. 8, the position adjustment plate 35 and the bolt 38 of the position adjustment mechanism 32 are omitted, the flange portion 37 is formed into a wide square plate shape, and a long hole 37 b that penetrates the bolt 34 is formed in the flange portion 37. Alternatively, the flange portion 37 may be fastened and fixed to the lid case 14 by the nut 36. In this embodiment, the number of parts can be reduced.

  Although not shown, the gear head 11 may be embodied in a gear head 11 that houses a built-in motor in the gear case 12. Also in this case, the position of the entire built-in motor is adjusted by the same configuration as the configuration of the position adjusting mechanism 32 described in FIG.

Although not shown, the gear head 11 may be embodied in which the driving gear 23 and the driven gear 26 are directly meshed with each other.
-Although not shown in figure, the said bolt 34 may be made into two places, three places, or five or more places.

  -In addition to the spindle device of the machine tool, for example, it may be embodied in a gear head used in various machines.

Sectional drawing which shows 1st Embodiment which actualized the gear head of this invention as the main axis | shaft apparatus of a machine tool. The disassembled perspective view which shows the position adjustment mechanism of the motor of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing explaining the replacement | exchange operation | movement of the drive gear of the gear head of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing explaining the replacement | exchange operation | movement of the drive gear of the gear head of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing explaining the replacement | exchange operation | movement of the drive gear of the gear head of 1st Embodiment. Sectional drawing which shows the gear head of 2nd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the gear head of 3rd Embodiment of this invention. Sectional drawing which shows the gear head of another embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  O ... axis, 11 ... gear head, 12 ... gear case, 13a, 14c ... replacement window, 13b, 35a ... long hole, 14a, 35b ... opening, 16 ... main shaft as output shaft, 21 ... motor, 22 ... rotating shaft, DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 23 ... Drive gear, 25, 34, 38, 42 ... Bolt, 26 ... Driven gear, 27 ... Reduction gear mechanism as intermediate gear mechanism, 32 ... Position adjusting mechanism, 35 ... Position adjusting plate, 36 ... Nut, 41 ... Cover Board.

Claims (7)

A motor is attached to the case, a drive gear is detachably connected to the rotating shaft of the motor, a driven gear is fitted to the output shaft supported by the case, and the drive gear and the driven gear are connected inside the case. In a gear head that meshes or has an intermediate gear mechanism interposed between both gears,
An exchange window for exchanging the drive gear with another drive gear having a different standard is provided for the case at a position corresponding to the drive gear, and the motor is installed between the case and the motor. A gear head comprising a position adjusting mechanism for adjusting a position in a direction orthogonal to the axis. 2. The motor according to claim 1, wherein the motor is attached to an outer surface of the case, and a position adjusting plate is attached to the outer surface so as to be position-adjustable, and the motor is attached to a surface of the position adjusting plate. A gear head, wherein the gear head is inserted into the case through an opening formed in the position adjusting plate and the case. 3. The outer surface of the case according to claim 2, wherein bolts are erected at a plurality of locations, a plurality of elongated holes are formed in the position adjusting plate, and the bolts are inserted into the elongated holes. In the state, the gear head is configured to fasten and fix the position adjusting plate to the case by a nut screwed to each bolt. 2. The gear head according to claim 1, wherein the motor is housed in the case, the motor is attached to a position adjusting plate, and the position adjusting plate is mounted on the inner surface of the case so as to be position adjustable. . 5. The position adjusting plate according to claim 4, wherein a plurality of bolts are connected to each other, a long hole that penetrates each bolt to the outside is formed in the case, and a nut is screwed to the outer end of each bolt. A gear head characterized by that. 6. The gear head according to claim 1, wherein a cover plate is attached to the replacement window so as to be openable and closable. The input shaft is supported so as to penetrate the inside and outside of the case through a bearing with respect to the case wall, and the drive gear is detachably connected to the inner end of the input shaft, and a pulley is fitted to the outer end. In the case, a gear head in which a driven gear is fitted to the output shaft supported by the case and the drive gear and the driven gear are engaged with each other, or an intermediate gear mechanism is interposed between the two gears. In
An exchange window for exchanging the drive gear with another drive gear having a different standard is provided for the case at a position corresponding to the drive gear, and the bearing is connected to the axis of the input shaft between the case and the bearing. A gear head comprising a position adjusting mechanism for adjusting the position in a direction perpendicular to the head.

Images