JP2008268008A - Appearance inspection method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an appearance inspection method for distinguishing recessed and projecting parts on a side face of an object. <P>SOLUTION: A lighting system 11 arranged on a lower end side of the object 2 is supported to move vertically and freely by a traveling mechanism (not shown in the Figure) and the light from the lighting system 11 is irradiated on the side face 23 of the object 2 at a large angle when bringing the lighting system 11 close to the object 2. When moving the lighting system 11 away from the object 2, the light from the lighting system 11 is irradiated on the side face 23 of the object 2 at a small angle. A camera 32 is installed on an upper end side of the object 2 through an optical body 31 to collect the light 33 reflected on the side face 23 of the object 2 into the camera 32 by the optical body 31 in order to image by the camera 32. The camera 32 is connected with an image processing device 12 to process the image imaged by the camera 32. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an appearance inspection method for inspecting a side surface state of a cylindrical object.

  Conventionally, when a cylindrical product is manufactured, an appearance inspection is performed, and the presence or absence of dents or scratches on the side surface is inspected.

  As this inspection method, illuminate the outer periphery of the product evenly from the cylindrical axis direction, and if there is reflected light, it will be normal, but if the light does not come to the camera due to some kind of obstacle such as irregularities, it will be judged as abnormal Was.

  However, in such an appearance inspection method, it is possible to inspect the presence or absence of a failure on the side surface, but it has not been possible to inspect whether the failure is concave or convex.

  For this reason, there is a problem that it is impossible to determine that the concave portion formed by a dent or a scratch is abnormal, while the convex portion by the attached shrink ridge is normal.

  The present invention has been made in view of such a conventional problem, and an object of the present invention is to provide an appearance inspection method capable of discriminating unevenness on a side surface.

  In order to solve the above problem, in the appearance inspection method according to claim 1 of the present invention, light is irradiated from one end side of a cylindrical object toward the side surface of the object, and the reflected light is emitted from the object. A visual inspection method for detecting the presence or absence of unevenness provided on the side surface by detecting at the other end of the light source, based on a change in brightness produced in the reflected light when the angle of light applied to the side surface is changed To determine the uneven state.

  That is, when light is irradiated onto the object at a shallow angle, the concave portion provided on the side surface reflects the light and appears white. On the other hand, when light is irradiated at a deep angle, the concave portion becomes a shadow and appears black.

  In addition, the convex portion provided on the side surface becomes a shadow and appears black when irradiated with light at a shallow angle. On the other hand, it looks white when irradiated with light at a deep angle.

  As described above, when the angle of the light applied to the side surface is changed, the location is a concave portion or a convex portion depending on whether the location has changed from light to dark or from dark to light. Is determined.

  In the appearance inspection method according to claim 2, the illumination is moved away from the object to irradiate light on the side surface at a shallow angle, while the illumination is moved closer to the object and light is emitted on the side surface at a deep angle. Irradiate.

  Thus, by moving the illumination with respect to the object, the angle of light applied to the side surface can be changed.

  Furthermore, in the appearance inspection method according to claim 3, the ring-shaped first illumination unit centering on the central axis of the object is turned on to irradiate the side surface with light at a shallow angle, while the first illumination unit A ring-shaped second illumination unit provided on the outside is turned on to irradiate the side surface with light at a deep angle.

  That is, by turning on the ring-shaped first illuminating unit with the central axis of the object as the center, the side surface can be irradiated with light at a shallow angle. Further, by lighting the ring-shaped second illumination part provided outside the first illumination part, the side surface can be irradiated with light at a deep angle.

  In addition, in the appearance inspection method according to claim 4, a ring-shaped first ring image about the central axis of the object is depicted on a monitor provided on one end side of the object, and the side surface is drawn. While the light is irradiated at a shallow angle, a ring-shaped second ring image formed outside the first ring image is depicted on the monitor, and the side surface is irradiated with light at a deep angle.

  That is, a ring-shaped first ring image centered on the central axis of the object is depicted on a monitor provided on one end side of the object, so that light is emitted from the first ring image at a shallow angle on the side surface. Can be irradiated. In addition, by drawing a ring-shaped second ring image formed outside the first ring image on the monitor, the second ring image can irradiate light on the side surface at a deep angle.

  As described above, in the appearance inspection method according to claim 1 of the present invention, when the angle of the light applied to the side surface of the object is changed, a certain portion changes from light to dark, or from dark to light. Whether the location is a concave portion or a convex portion can be determined depending on whether or not the change has occurred.

  For this reason, when it is determined that the detected location is a recess, the location is likely to be a dent or a flaw, and can be made abnormal. On the other hand, when it is determined that the detected location is a convex portion, this location can be considered normal because it is considered to be a wrinkle of the attached shrink.

  Thus, since it can discriminate | determine whether a detection location is a recessed part or a convex part, a different test result can be taken out in the case of a convex part and the case of a recessed part.

  In the appearance inspection method according to claim 2, a structure for changing an angle of light applied to the side surface can be formed by moving the illumination with respect to the object.

  Furthermore, in the appearance inspection method according to the third aspect, the ring-shaped first illuminating unit centering on the central axis of the object can be lit to irradiate the side surface with light at a shallow angle. Further, by lighting the ring-shaped second illumination part provided outside the first illumination part, the side surface can be irradiated with light at a deep angle.

  In this way, by selectively turning on the first illumination unit or the second illumination unit, the angle of the light applied to the side surface of the object can be changed. Even when light is irradiated on the side surface at a shallow angle, strong light can be irradiated on the side surface.

  In addition, in the appearance inspection method according to claim 4, by drawing a ring-shaped first ring image centered on the central axis of the object on a monitor provided on one end side of the object, The first ring image can irradiate the side surface with a shallow angle. In addition, by drawing a ring-shaped second ring image formed outside the first ring image on the monitor, the side surface can be irradiated with light at a deep angle by the second ring image.

  As described above, since the angle of the light applied to the side surface can be adjusted by depiction on the monitor, a moving mechanism is not necessary and cost can be reduced compared to the case of moving the illumination. .

  Moreover, since the image drawn on the monitor can be easily changed, the degree of freedom is improved.

  (First embodiment)

  Hereinafter, a first embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a diagram showing an appearance inspection apparatus 1 according to the present embodiment. The appearance inspection apparatus 1 is an apparatus that inspects the state of the outer surface of, for example, a dry battery as a cylindrical object 2.

  The appearance inspection apparatus 1 includes an illumination 11 disposed on the lower end side of the object 2 supported by a transparent plate or the like outside the figure, and the illumination 11 can be moved up and down by a movement mechanism outside the figure. It is supported. The moving mechanism is configured to operate in accordance with a signal from the image processing apparatus 12, and the proximity position 13 where the illumination 11 is brought close to the object 2 by the signal from the image processing apparatus 12 and the object 2. It is comprised so that it can move between the separation positions 14 away from.

  The illumination 11 is formed in a circular ring shape having a center on the central axis 21 of the object 2, and the light source is constituted by a plurality of light emitting diodes 22. Thereby, in the state which moved the said illumination 11 to the said proximity | contact position 13 with the said movement mechanism, and it was close to the said target object 2, the light from the said illumination 11 is irradiated with respect to the side surface 23 of the said target object 2 at a deep angle. It is configured to be able to. Further, when the illumination mechanism 11 is moved to the separation position 14 by the moving mechanism and away from the object 2, the light from the illumination 11 can be irradiated to the side surface 23 of the object 2 at a shallow angle. It is configured as follows.

  Further, an optical body 31 is provided on the upper end side of the object 2, and a camera 32 is provided on the optical body 31. Thereby, the reflected light 33 reflected by the side surface 23 of the object 2 is collected on the lens of the camera 32 by the optical body 31 and can be captured by the camera 32.

  The camera 32 is connected to the image processing apparatus 12 and is configured to output a captured image to the image processing apparatus 12. The image processing device 12 is configured to inspect the presence or absence of unevenness provided on the side surface 23 of the captured object 2 by processing the input image.

  In the present embodiment having the above configuration, as shown in FIG. 2A, when inspecting the object 2 in which the concave portion 51 is formed on the side surface 23 by dents or scratches, the moving mechanism is used. The illumination 11 is moved to the separation position 14 to move away from the object 2, and the light L <b> 1 from the illumination 11 is irradiated to the side surface 23 of the object 2 at a shallow angle. In this state, an image of the side surface 23 of the object 2 is acquired by the camera 32.

  At this time, the side surface 23 of the object 2 is irradiated with the light L1 at a shallow angle, and the concave portion 51 provided on the side surface 23 reflects the light L1 on the upper side. Thereby, in the image acquired by the camera 32, the upper part of the recess 51 is photographed in white.

  Next, the illumination mechanism 11 is moved to the proximity position 13 by the moving mechanism so as to approach the object 2, and the light L <b> 2 from the illumination 11 is irradiated to the side surface 23 of the object 2 at a deep angle. In this state, an image of the side surface 23 of the object 2 is acquired by the camera 32.

  At this time, the side surface 23 of the object 2 is irradiated with the light L2 at a deep angle, and the concave portion 51 provided on the side surface 23 is shaded. Thereby, in the image acquired with the camera 32, the site | part of the said recessed part 51 is image | photographed black.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2B, when inspecting the object 2 in which the wrinkles are shifted to the shrink covering the object 2 and the convex portion 61 is formed on the side surface 23, the illumination is performed by the moving mechanism. 11 is moved to the separation position 14 to move away from the object 2, and the light L 1 from the illumination 11 is irradiated to the side surface 23 of the object 2 at a shallow angle. In this state, an image of the side surface 23 of the object 2 is acquired by the camera 32.

  At this time, the side surface 23 of the object 2 is irradiated with the light L1 at a shallow angle, and the convex portion 61 provided on the side surface 23 blocks the light L1, so that the portion becomes a shadow. . Thereby, in the image acquired with the camera 32, the site | part of the said convex part 61 is image | photographed black.

  Next, the illumination mechanism 11 is moved to the proximity position 13 by the moving mechanism so as to approach the object 2, and the light L <b> 2 from the illumination 11 is irradiated to the side surface 23 of the object 2 at a deep angle. In this state, an image of the side surface 23 of the object 2 is acquired by the camera 32.

  At this time, the side surface 23 of the object 2 is irradiated with the light L2 at a deep angle, and the light L2 is reflected at a portion corresponding to the convex portion 61 provided on the side surface 23. For this reason, in the image acquired by the camera 32, the part corresponding to the convex portion 61 is photographed in white.

  As described above, when the angle of the light applied to the side surface 23 of the object 2 is changed, the image processing device 12 analyzes whether a certain place changes from light to dark or changes from dark to light. By doing so, it can be determined whether the location is the concave portion 51 or the convex portion 61.

  For this reason, when it is determined that the detected location is the concave portion 51, since this location is highly likely to be a dent or a flaw, it is possible to execute processing in the case of an abnormality. On the other hand, when it is determined that the detected portion is the convex portion 61, since this portion is considered to be a ridge of the attached shrink, it is possible to execute a process when it is normal.

  In this way, since it is possible to determine whether the detection location is the concave portion 51 or the convex portion 61, different inspection results are obtained for the convex portion 61 and the concave portion 51, and appropriate for each case. Processing can be performed.

And by providing the moving mechanism which moves the said illumination 11 with respect to the said target object 2, the angle of the light irradiated to the said side surface 23 can be varied.

  (Second embodiment)

  FIG. 3 is a diagram showing an appearance inspection apparatus 101 according to the second embodiment of the present invention. The same or equivalent parts as those in the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. In addition, only different parts will be described.

  That is, the illumination 111 of the present embodiment includes a circular ring-shaped first illumination part 112 centered on the central axis 21 of the object 2 and a circular ring shape provided outside the first illumination part 112. The 2nd illumination part 113 is provided. Each of the illuminating units 112 and 113 is composed of a plurality of light emitting diodes 22..., And based on a signal from the image processing device 12, the light emitting diodes 22,. .. And the light emitting diodes 22 constituting the second illumination unit 113 can be turned on and off independently.

  Thereby, the light L1 from the first illumination unit 112 can be irradiated to the side surface 23 of the object 2 at a shallow angle by turning on the light emitting diodes 22... Constituting the first illumination unit 112. It is configured as follows. Further, the light L2 from the second illumination unit 113 can be emitted to the side surface 23 of the object 2 at a deep angle by turning on the light emitting diodes 22... Constituting the second illumination unit 113. It is configured.

  In the above configuration, the side surface 23 can be irradiated with the light L1 at a shallow angle by turning on the ring-shaped first illumination unit 112 around the central axis 21 of the object 2. Further, by turning on the ring-shaped second illumination unit 113 provided outside the first illumination unit 112, the side surface 23 can be irradiated with the light L2 at a deep angle.

  Thus, the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained by performing the same processing as that of the first embodiment described above on the image processing apparatus 12.

  And the angle of the light irradiated to the side surface 23 of the said target object 2 can be changed by selectively lighting the said 1st illumination part 112 or the said 2nd illumination part 113 of the said illumination 111. FIG.

For this reason, compared with the case where the illumination 11 of 1st Embodiment is moved, even when it is a case where the light L1 is irradiated to the said side surface 23 at a shallow angle, the said side 23 can be irradiated with strong light. it can.

  (Third embodiment)

  FIG. 4 is a diagram showing an appearance inspection apparatus 201 according to the third embodiment of the present invention. The same or equivalent parts as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals and description thereof is omitted. In addition, only different parts will be described.

  That is, the illumination according to the present embodiment includes a liquid crystal monitor 211, which is arranged on the lower end side of the object 2 with the screen 212 facing the object 2 side. Yes. The liquid crystal monitor 211 is connected to the image processing apparatus 12 and configured to draw an image based on a video signal from the image processing apparatus 12.

  Accordingly, the liquid crystal monitor 211 has a circular ring-shaped first ring image 221 centered on the central axis 21 of the object 2 based on the video signal from the image processing device 12, and the first ring. A second ring image 222 having a circular ring shape formed on the outer side of the image 221 can be drawn. By drawing the first ring image 221, the side surface 23 of the object 2 can be drawn. The light L1 can be irradiated at a shallow angle. The second ring image 222 is depicted on the liquid crystal monitor 211 so that the light L2 can be irradiated at a deep angle with respect to the side surface 23 of the object 2.

  In the above configuration, the first ring image 221 centered on the central axis 21 of the object 2 is depicted on the liquid crystal monitor 211 provided on the lower end side of the object 2, whereby the first ring The image 221 can irradiate the side surface 23 of the object 2 with light L2 at a shallow angle. In addition, the second ring image 222 having high luminance formed on the outside of the first ring image 221 is depicted on the liquid crystal monitor 211, so that the light L <b> 2 is incident on the side surface 23 at a deep angle by the second ring image 222. Can be irradiated.

  Thus, the same effect as the first embodiment can be obtained by performing the same processing as that of the first embodiment described above on the image processing apparatus 12.

  In the present embodiment, the angle of the light irradiated on the side surface 23 can be adjusted by the depiction on the liquid crystal monitor 211, so that the illumination 11 is moved as in the first embodiment. Compared with the case where it does, a moving mechanism becomes unnecessary and it can achieve cost reduction.

  Further, since the image drawn on the liquid crystal monitor 211 can be easily changed, the degree of freedom can be improved.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the liquid crystal monitor 211 is used has been described. However, the monitor of the present invention is not limited to the liquid crystal monitor 211.

It is a schematic diagram which shows 1st embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement of the embodiment, (a) is a figure which shows the target object in which the recessed part was formed in the side surface, (b) is a figure which shows the target object in which the convex part was formed in the side surface. . It is a schematic diagram which shows 2nd embodiment of this invention. It is a schematic diagram which shows 3rd embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Appearance inspection apparatus 2 Object 11 Illumination 12 Image processing apparatus 13 Proximity position 14 Separation position 23 Side 33 Reflected light 51 Concave 61 Convex part 101 Appearance inspection apparatus 111 Illumination 112 First illumination part 113 Second illumination part 201 Appearance inspection apparatus 211 LCD monitor 221 First ring image 222 Second ring image

Claims (4)

While irradiating light from one end side of the cylindrical object toward the side surface of the object, the reflected light is detected at the other end side of the object to inspect for the presence or absence of unevenness provided on the side surface. An appearance inspection method,
An appearance inspection method, wherein an uneven state is determined based on a change in brightness produced in the reflected light when the angle of light applied to the side surface is changed.   The external appearance according to claim 1, wherein the illumination is moved away from the object to irradiate the side with light at a shallow angle, and the illumination is moved closer to the object to irradiate the side with light at a deep angle. Inspection method.   A ring-shaped second illumination provided on the outside of the first illumination unit while turning on the ring-shaped first illumination unit centered on the central axis of the object and irradiating light on the side surface at a shallow angle The appearance inspection method according to claim 1, wherein the portion is turned on and the side surface is irradiated with light at a deep angle.   On the monitor provided on one end side of the object, a ring-shaped first ring image centered on the central axis of the object is depicted, and the side surface is irradiated with light at a shallow angle, while the first ring image 2. The appearance inspection method according to claim 1, wherein a ring-shaped second ring image formed on the outer side of the outer surface is depicted on the monitor, and light is irradiated to the side surface at a deep angle.

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