JP2008267696A - Exhaust heat utilization type cooling and heating machine with flow sensor function - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To easily perform system management of a cooling and heating machine, comprising an exhaust heat utilization type absorption chiller and heater and to monitor the energy-saving effect, in addition to a heating value and an operating state. <P>SOLUTION: In the cooling and heating machine that is the exhaust heat utilization type absorption chiller and heater, a monitoring sensor is provided near to a flowmeter used for evaluating the performance of a heating and cooling machine body, a control board 62 for heating value calculation/performance evaluation is connected to this monitoring sensor, and an operation/control board 64 is connected to the control board. A signal transmitted from the monitoring sensor is converted into a numerical value, and the capability of the heating and cooling machine is monitored on a steady basis by use of the temperature measured by a temperature sensor of the cooling and heating machine body and the value of the flow rate signal converted to the numerical value. By providing the function of converting the signal from the monitoring sensor to a numerical value used for flow rate calculation, the monitoring and evaluation of the capability during operation can be performed. The flowmeter is at least one among an exhaust heat hot water flowmeter 72, an exhaust gas flowmeter or a fuel flowmeter to an exhaust gas generating source. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a waste heat utilization type air conditioner with a flow sensor function, and more specifically, an exhaust heat utilization type absorption cold temperature having an absorber, a low temperature regenerator, a high temperature regenerator, an evaporator, a condenser, a solution heat exchanger, and the like. Even if the main body of the air conditioning unit consisting of a water machine calculates the capacity during normal operation and does not have a means for receiving a signal directly from an external measuring device, the main body of the air conditioning unit itself will be able to check the capacity and malfunction during operation. The present invention relates to an air conditioner equipped with an apparatus based on a simple measurement method that can be evaluated.

  An air conditioner consisting of an absorption chiller / heater is usually equipped with a temperature sensor that measures the temperature of the chilled / warm water, cooling water, and heat source in order to monitor and control its own operating state. Some machines are equipped with pressure sensors and ammeters depending on the operating conditions. However, there is no chiller / heater equipped with a device for measuring the exhaust heat flow and the fuel flow required to calculate the capacity (heat amount) during operation. For this purpose, a flow meter, thermometer, calorimeter, electric energy, etc., which are independent from the chiller / heater, have been installed in the past. We were evaluating.

  For this reason, the capacity of the chiller / heater itself during operation can only be confirmed indirectly, and the capacity during operation compared to the temperature data of each part during operation can be evaluated directly with the operation data of the machine. It was not possible to judge whether it was a reasonable value or whether the temperature of each part was a reasonable temperature compared to the load capacity during operation. Therefore, even if the machine itself is malfunctioning and inefficient, it is difficult to detect it objectively, and there are cases in which malfunction cannot be detected until the chilled water heater or equipment stops due to machine trouble. It was.

  Conventionally, as an absorption-type cold / hot water machine, what was illustrated in FIG. 6 is known. This absorption chiller / heater constitutes a reverse cycle in which an absorbing liquid (for example, an aqueous solution of lithium bromide) flows from the absorber 10 through the low temperature regenerator 14 to the high temperature regenerator 18. The absorption cycle in this absorption chiller / heater will be described. First, an absorption liquid (rare absorption liquid) whose concentration has been reduced by absorbing a large amount of refrigerant vapor in the absorber 10 is transferred from the absorber 10 to the low-temperature heat exchanger 12. After being supplied and heated by the low-temperature heat exchanger 12, it is supplied to the low-temperature regenerator 14. The rare absorbing liquid is regenerated at a low temperature in the low temperature regenerator 14, and a part of the absorbed refrigerant is released, and the concentration is increased by that amount to become an intermediate concentration absorbing liquid (intermediate absorbing liquid). Next, the intermediate absorbent is fed from the low temperature regenerator 14 to the high temperature heat exchanger 16, heated by the high temperature heat exchanger 16, and then fed to the high temperature regenerator 18.

  The intermediate absorbing liquid is regenerated at a high temperature in the high temperature regenerator 18, and a part of the refrigerant (for example, water vapor) absorbed is discharged to further increase the concentration to become a high concentration absorbing liquid (concentrated absorbing liquid). . And this concentrated absorption liquid is returned to the heating side of the high temperature heat exchanger 16 as a heating source for heating the intermediate absorption liquid, and further, the heating source for heating the rare absorption liquid to the heating side of the low temperature heat exchanger 12 Is returned to the absorber 10. The returned concentrated absorbent is sprayed on the heat transfer tube in the absorber 10 and again absorbs the refrigerant vapor while being cooled by the cooling water to become the rare absorbent. 32 and 34 are absorption liquid pumps, 36 is a refrigerant pump, 38 is a cooling water pump, 40 is a cold / hot water pump, and 42 is a cooling / heating switching valve.

In such an absorption chiller / heater, the high-temperature regenerator 18 is provided with a combustion unit 20, and the refrigerant absorbed by the heating of the intermediate absorption liquid is released. After being supplied to the low temperature regenerator 14 and used as a heating source in the low temperature regenerator 14, it is returned to the condenser 22 and condensed. For example, in the case of cold water operation, the refrigerant liquid (for example, water) from the condenser 22 enters the evaporator 24, and the condensed refrigerant liquid is circulated by the refrigerant pump 36 through the heat transfer tube (water flows through the evaporator 24). ) And cooled by latent heat of evaporation to obtain cold water. Instead of providing the combustion section in the high temperature regenerator, steam (steam) or hot water generated from the boiler may be introduced into the high temperature regenerator. A bypass pipe 30 is provided to connect the absorption liquid pipe 26 from the low temperature regenerator 14 and the heating side absorption liquid pipe 28 between the high temperature heat exchanger 16 and the low temperature heat exchanger 12. A part of the intermediate concentrated absorbent that comes out and is supplied to the high-temperature regenerator 18 is bypassed to the concentrated absorbent pipe that returns to the absorber 10. Thus, what is shown in FIG. 6 is known as an example of the conventional absorption-type cold / hot water machine (for example, refer patent document 1).
In addition, the applicant of the present invention has installed a monitoring sensor in proximity to at least one of a cooling water flow meter, a cold / hot water flow meter, and a heating fuel flow meter used for performance evaluation of an air conditioner body composed of an absorption chiller / heater. Provided, connected to a monitoring panel for heat flow calculation and performance evaluation to the monitoring sensor, converted the signal sent from the monitoring sensor into a numerical value, converted to a temperature measured by the temperature sensor of the air conditioner main body, and converted into a numerical value Using the value of the flow rate signal, the capacity of the air conditioner is constantly monitored, and the signal from the monitoring sensor is converted into a numerical value that can be used for flow rate calculation. An air conditioner with a flow sensor function that can be used has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
JP 2002-39643 A (page 4, FIG. 2) Japanese Patent Laying-Open No. 2005-114302 (second page, FIG. 1)

In a conventional air conditioner, for example, an absorption chiller / heater, if the chiller / heater itself tries to evaluate the capacity during operation, the chiller / heater itself is equipped with a flow meter or the flow rate is measured from an external flow meter. The only way to do this is to capture the signal directly and perform the calculation. However, this requires an enormous amount of equipment attached to the chiller / heater itself, which is not realistic in terms of mounting position and price.
In addition, when a flow rate signal is captured, the signal conversion device prepared on the chiller / heater side becomes complicated due to the types and conditions of signals that differ for each customer facility, which is not practical in terms of compliance with the specification conditions and price. Furthermore, there is a problem that if such measurement is performed using existing facilities, the measurement becomes more complicated and expensive.

  The present invention converts a signal sent from a flow sensor into a numerical value in order to monitor and evaluate the capacity during operation of an air conditioner main body composed of an absorption chiller / heater using exhaust heat, and a temperature sensor of the air conditioner main body Equipped with a function to convert the signal from the flow sensor into a numerical value that can be used for flow calculation, so that the temperature of the air conditioner can be constantly monitored using the temperature measured in step 1 and the flow signal value converted into a numerical value. This is the main feature. Further, the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to the temperature measured by the main body of the air conditioner, a function of reading the count value of an external flow rate measuring device and using it for its own calculation data is provided.

  In the present invention, unlike the conventional signal transmission means, the numerical value displayed by the existing flow meter is captured by the image sensor (monitoring sensor) as an image, and is compared with the image of the numerical value registered in advance. It is characterized by an air conditioner equipped with a control system having a control device having a function of converting a numerical value of an image into a digital signal and taking it into a calculator as data. Image sensors and devices that convert image data into numerical data and text data are already well known, but the capacity of an air conditioner consisting of an absorption chiller / heater that uses waste heat using them is already known. There are no examples of heat management.

In this way, once equipped with a control device that has the function of reading numerical values with an image sensor and converting them into digital signals, the air conditioning unit can be easily connected without being constrained by existing equipment, new equipment, signal types, etc. Since it is possible to perform arithmetic processing in the system, system management becomes easy.
The object of the present invention is to use exhaust heat equipped with a control function that makes it easy to manage data using these existing devices, and a control device that uses these to manage the operating state and capacity of the air conditioner. The purpose is to provide a mold air conditioner.

  The exhaust heat utilization type air conditioner with a flow sensor function of the present invention is provided with a monitoring sensor in the vicinity of a flow meter used for performance evaluation of the air conditioning body, and the monitoring sensor has a management panel for calorific value calculation and performance evaluation. Connect the operation and control panel to this control panel, convert the signal sent from the monitoring sensor into a numerical value, and measure the temperature measured by the temperature sensor of the main body of the air conditioning unit and the value of the flow signal converted into a numerical value It is possible to constantly monitor the capacity of the air conditioner and to convert the signal from the monitoring sensor into a numerical value that can be used for the flow rate calculation so that the capacity can be monitored and evaluated during operation. The air conditioner with a flow rate sensor function is an absorption chiller / heater using exhaust heat, and the flowmeter is at least a waste heat / warm water flow meter, an exhaust gas flow meter, and a fuel flow meter to the exhaust gas generation source. It is characterized in that at or misalignment.

  In this air conditioner, the monitoring sensor includes a graphic reading means for reading a graphic on the display panel of the flow meter, a digital numerical value converting means for converting the read graphic into a digital numerical value, and the digital numerical value is converted into a flow data signal. And calculating means for calculating as follows.

In an absorption chiller / heater using an exhaust heat type, if the temperature signal of the temperature sensor of the absorption chiller / heater and the exhaust heat flow as external information are known, the amount of heat recovered from the exhaust heat can be evaluated. If the heat consumption of fuel without exhaust heat input is input as data into the absorption chiller / heater control panel in advance, the amount of reduction in the heat consumption of fuel by using exhaust heat (energy saving effect) can be determined. That is, [the amount of heat consumed by fuel in a state in which exhaust heat is not input−the amount of heat consumed by fuel = the amount of reduction in the amount of heat consumed by fuel by using exhaust heat]
In addition to the above method, it is possible to use the method of calculating the fuel consumption heat amount without exhaust heat from the temperature signal of the temperature sensor of the chiller / heater and the cold / hot water flow rate and cooling water flow rate that are external information It is. In the absorption chiller / heater using exhaust heat, [heat amount of heat source = fuel consumption heat amount + heat amount recovered from exhaust heat], if this equation is used, the heat balance is obtained in the same way as other air conditioners. It is also possible. As a result, it is possible to monitor the energy saving effect in addition to the heat amount monitoring and the operation state monitoring.

As the image sensor (monitoring sensor), it is preferable to use a sensor that identifies a numerical value from 0 to 9, or a sensor that counts the number of times the numerical value from 0 to 9 is rotated and the display is sequentially inverted.
The flow meter displays digital values from 0 to 9 in 4 to 8 digits, or count type to display 4 to 8 digits by rotating the numerical values from 0 to 9 and rotating the display one after another. and so on. As a method of identifying and reading these values with the image sensor (pattern recognition), the number of digits set in advance and the value of each digit are read, the whole is replaced with numerical data, and the instantaneous value is calculated. There is a method of reading and counting the rotation of the.

  The exhaust heat utilization type air conditioner with a flow rate sensor of the present invention has a function of once reading the numerical value of the flow meter with a monitoring sensor, converting it into a digital signal, and calculating it as a flow rate data signal. Without being constrained by the air conditioner, new air conditioner, signal type, etc., it is possible to easily perform arithmetic processing on the air conditioner side, thus facilitating system management, and in addition to monitoring the heat quantity and operating status The energy saving effect can also be monitored.

  For the purpose of facilitating the system management of a waste heat utilization type air conditioner, the display numerical value of the flow meter is captured by the monitoring sensor as an image, and this is compared with the pre-registered numerical value image. This is realized by providing a control device having a function of converting a numerical value into a digital signal and taking it into the arithmetic means as data.

  Embodiments of the present invention will be described below, but the present invention is not limited to the following embodiments, and can be implemented with appropriate modifications. FIG. 1 shows a waste heat utilization type air conditioner with a flow rate sensor function according to a first embodiment of the present invention. As an example, a systematic schematic configuration diagram of an exhaust heat utilization type absorption chiller / heater is shown, and FIG. 2 is a flow meter. FIG. 3 is an explanatory diagram showing an example of the configuration of the monitoring sensor. Note that the device numbers 10 to 42 in FIG. 1 are the same as the device numbers 10 to 42 in the conventional example shown in FIG.

As shown in FIG. 1, a cold / hot water flow meter 50 is provided in the cold / hot water line from the evaporator 24, and a monitoring sensor 52 is provided in the vicinity of the flow meter 50. A heated fuel flow meter 54 is provided in the fuel supply line to the high temperature regenerator 18, and a monitoring sensor 56 is provided in the vicinity of the flow meter 54. Further, a cooling water flow meter 58 is provided in the cooling water line from the condenser 22, and a monitoring sensor 60 is provided in the vicinity of the flow meter 58.
These monitoring sensors 52, 56, 60 are connected to a calorific value calculation / performance evaluation management panel 62, and this management panel 62 is connected to an absorption chiller / heater operation / control panel 64. Although not shown, evaporator inlet cold / hot water temperature sensor, evaporator outlet cold / hot water temperature sensor, refrigerant pump outlet refrigerant temperature sensor, condenser outlet refrigerant temperature sensor, absorber inlet cooling water temperature sensor, absorber outlet cooling A water temperature sensor, a condenser outlet cooling water temperature sensor, and an exhaust gas temperature sensor are provided, and these temperature sensors are connected to the absorption chiller heater / control panel 64.

  Further, an exhaust heat recovery regenerator 70 using exhaust hot water as a heat source is connected to the absorption liquid line at the outlet of the low temperature heat exchanger 12, and an exhaust heat hot water flow meter 72 is provided in the exhaust heat hot water line at the outlet of the regenerator 70. In addition, a monitoring sensor 74 is provided in the vicinity of the flow meter 72. Reference numeral 76 denotes a waste heat hot water three-way valve. Absorbed liquid and evaporated water vapor from the exhaust heat recovery regenerator 70 flow to the regenerator 4.

  FIG. 2 is an image diagram showing a flow meter and a monitoring sensor. The monitoring sensor 74 reads the numerical value displayed on the display board 78 of the flow meter 72 as a figure (shadow). That is, pattern recognition is performed. In this case, there are a method of counting and integrating the rotation of the numerical value of the last one digit, and a method of calculating the instantaneous value by reading the whole digit by digit.

  FIG. 3 shows an example of the configuration of a monitoring sensor for image reading. As shown in FIG. 3, the monitoring sensor 74 has a graphic (shadow) reading means 80 for reading a graphic (shadow) on the display board of the flow meter, and a digital graphic value for converting the read graphic (shadow). The digital numerical value conversion means 82 and the calculation means 84 for calculating this digital numerical value as a flow rate data signal are provided. Then, the signal calculated by the calculation means 84 is sent to the heat amount calculation / performance evaluation management panel 62 and used as data for capacity (heat amount) evaluation. As the figure reading means 80 for reading a figure (shadow), means such as an optical sensor, a CCD camera, a displacement sensor, a pattern sensor, a reflected light sensor, and a laser are used.

  Since it is the above configuration, the signal sent from the monitoring sensor 74 is converted into a numerical value, and the temperature measured by at least one of the temperature sensors of the chiller / heater body and the value of the flow signal converted into the numerical value are used. Thus, the signal from the monitoring sensor can be converted into a numerical value that can be used for flow rate calculation by constantly monitoring the capacity of the chiller / heater. The flow meter and the monitoring sensor can be combined with at least one set of a cold / hot water line, a fuel supply line, and a cooling water line.

  In FIG. 1, the case of a triple effect type absorption chiller / hot water machine has been described as an example, but a double effect type absorption chiller / heater such as a double effect type absorption chiller / heater, or a single effect type (single effect type) absorption. Of course, the present invention can also be applied to a type of hot and cold water heater.

FIG. 4 shows an exhaust heat utilization type air conditioner with a flow rate sensor function according to a second embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 86 denotes an exhaust gas heat recovery unit, which is configured such that exhaust gas such as combustion exhaust gas discharged from the high temperature regenerator 18 is introduced and the absorbing liquid from the high temperature heat exchanger 16 is heated. An exhaust gas flow meter 88 is provided in the exhaust gas line from the exhaust gas heat recovery device 86, and a monitoring sensor 90 is provided in the vicinity of the flow meter 88. 92 is an exhaust gas three-way valve, and 94 is an exhaust gas two-way valve.
Also in FIG. 4, it is possible to provide an exhaust heat recovery regenerator, an exhaust hot water flow meter, and a monitoring sensor thereof as in FIG. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the first embodiment.

  FIG. 5 shows an exhaust heat utilization type air conditioner with a flow rate sensor function according to a third embodiment of the present invention. Reference numeral 86 denotes an exhaust gas heat recovery unit, and reference numeral 96 denotes an exhaust gas generation source such as a gas engine or a gas turbine. The exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust gas generation source 96 is introduced into the exhaust gas heat recovery unit 86 and absorbed from the high temperature heat exchanger 16. The liquid is configured to be heated. A fuel flow meter 98 is provided in the fuel supply line to the exhaust gas generation source 96, and a monitoring sensor 100 is provided in the vicinity of the flow meter 98. Other configurations and operations are the same as those in the second embodiment.

It is a systematic schematic block diagram of the waste heat utilization type | formula air conditioning machine with a flow sensor function by 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is explanatory drawing of the flowmeter and monitoring sensor in FIG. It is explanatory drawing which shows an example of a structure of the monitoring sensor shown in FIG. 1, FIG. It is a systematic schematic block diagram of the exhaust-heat utilization type | formula air conditioning machine with a flow sensor function by the 2nd Embodiment of this invention. It is a systematic schematic block diagram of the exhaust-heat utilization type | formula air conditioner with a flow sensor function by 3rd Embodiment of this invention. It is a systematic schematic block diagram which shows an example of the conventional absorption-type cold water heater.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Absorber 12 Low temperature heat exchanger 14 Low temperature regenerator 16 High temperature heat exchanger 18 High temperature regenerator 20 Combustion part 22 Condenser 24 Evaporator 26, 28 Absorption liquid piping 30 Bypass pipe 32, 34 Absorption liquid pump 36 Refrigerant pump 38 Cooling Water pump 40 Cold / hot water pump 42 Cooling / heating switching valve 50 Cold / hot water flow meter 52, 56, 60, 74, 90, 100 Monitoring sensor 54 Heated fuel flow meter 58 Cooling water flow meter 62 Control panel for calorie calculation / performance evaluation 64 Absorption Operation / control panel of the chiller / heater 70 Waste heat recovery regenerator 72 Flow meter for waste heat hot water 76 Three-way valve for waste heat hot water 78 Display panel 80 Graphic (shadow) reading means 82 Digital numerical value conversion means 84 Calculation means 86 Exhaust gas heat recovery device 88 Exhaust gas flow meter 92 Exhaust gas three-way valve 94 Exhaust gas two-way valve 96 Exhaust gas generation source 98 Fuel flow meter

Claims (2)

  A monitoring sensor is installed close to the flow meter used to evaluate the performance of the air conditioner main unit, and a management panel for calorie calculation and performance evaluation is connected to the monitoring sensor, and an operation / control panel is connected to this management panel. , By converting the signal sent from the monitoring sensor into a numerical value, using the temperature measured by the temperature sensor of the main body of the air conditioning unit and the value of the flow signal converted into the numerical value, constantly monitoring the capacity of the air conditioning unit, In a cooling / heating machine with a flow sensor function that has a function to convert the signal from the monitoring sensor into a numerical value that can be used for flow rate calculation, and that can monitor and evaluate capacity during operation, It is a use type absorption chiller / heater with a flow sensor function, characterized in that the flow meter is at least one of a waste heat hot water flow meter, an exhaust gas flow meter, and a fuel flow meter to an exhaust gas generation source. Heat-using air conditioners.   The monitoring sensor has a graphic reading means for reading a graphic on the display panel of the flow meter, a digital numerical value converting means for converting the read graphic into a digital numerical value, and a digital numerical value for calculating the digital numerical value as a flow data signal The exhaust heat utilization type air conditioner with a flow rate sensor function according to claim 1, further comprising a calculation means.