JP2008264734A - Crushing device and method for manufacturing powder - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a crushing device capable of efficiently performing crushing processing by smoothly circulating a crushed object in a crushing chamber irrespective of the property of crushed objects. <P>SOLUTION: The device such that the crushing chamber 1 is partitioned into the air supply chamber 1a and the main crushing chamber 1b with a crushing rotor 2, a classifying section 8 that classifies and discharges fine powder is provided in the crushing chamber 1b, a path section 3 where a plurality of partition members 3a are annularly disposed along the circumference of the rotor and an annular crushing blade 4 having a plurality of blades adjacent to the main crushing chamber side of the section 3 and continuously formed along the circumference of the rotor are provided on a plane of the main crushing chamber at the outer peripheral section in the rotor 2, and the crushed object in the crushing chamber is crushed by allowing the same to repeatedly pass through each member 3a in the section 3 between the blade 4 where the air flows from the air supply chamber side to the main crushing chamber side and a liner 6 on the main crushing chamber side, wherein the shape of the device is such that the more the side section of a front side in the rotor rotational direction in the member 3a is located on the rotor outer peripheral side, the more the side section retrogresses relative to the rotor radial direction. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention includes an air supply chamber facing one surface of the disk-shaped grinding rotor and a main grinding chamber facing the other surface by a rotationally driven disk-shaped grinding rotor in the grinding chamber for grinding the object to be ground. And a classification unit for classifying an object to be pulverized into fine powder of a predetermined particle size and discharging it to the outside of the pulverization chamber is provided on the main pulverization chamber side surface of the outer peripheral portion of the pulverization rotor. A passage portion in which a plurality of partition members are annularly arranged at intervals along the rotor circumferential direction is provided, and further adjacent to the main grinding chamber side with respect to the passage portion, continuous along the rotor circumferential direction. An annular pulverizing blade having a plurality of blades formed on the outer peripheral portion is provided, and an annular liner facing each blade of the pulverizing blade while maintaining a minute gap is provided on the pulverization chamber inner wall side, In the gap between the grinding blade and the liner, air While flowing air from the supply chamber side to the main crushing chamber side, the object to be crushed in the main crushing chamber is repeatedly passed between the partition members of the passage portion through the gap between the crushing blade and the liner and pulverized. The present invention relates to a pulverizing apparatus and a powder manufacturing method using the pulverizing apparatus.

  The pulverizing apparatus repeatedly pulverizes the object to be pulverized together with air into the gap between the annular pulverizing blade provided on the outer periphery of the disc-shaped pulverizing rotor and the liner on the pulverizing chamber wall side in the main pulverizing chamber, to obtain a predetermined particle size The pulverized object to be crushed is sequentially classified by a classifying unit and recovered as a product (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent No. 3129997

  However, in the pulverization apparatus described in Patent Document 1, each partition member disposed in the passage portion is configured by a plate member extending along the radial direction of the pulverization rotor (see FIG. 7). Depending on the shape and material of the object to be crushed, such as a resin material, the resistance when the object to be crushed passes through the passage portion increases, and as a result, the efficiency of the pulverization process may decrease.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to pulverize the pulverization object smoothly in the pulverization chamber and perform an efficient pulverization process regardless of the properties of the pulverization object. It is another object of the present invention to provide a method for satisfactorily producing powder particles of a predetermined particle size from a fibrous object to be pulverized using this pulverizing apparatus.

  In order to achieve the above object, the first characteristic configuration of the crushing apparatus according to the present invention is that each partition member of the passage portion is viewed from the main crushing chamber side along the rotation axis direction of the crushing rotor, It exists in the point which is formed in the shape which recedes with respect to a rotor radial direction, so that the front side part of the rotation direction of a grinding | pulverization rotor is located in the rotor outer peripheral side.

That is, when the object to be crushed moves from the inner side of the annular grinding blade provided on the main grinding chamber side surface of the disc-shaped grinding rotor to the outer periphery of the grinding rotor and passes through the passage portion, Since the front side surface portion of the plurality of partition members arranged annularly at intervals along the crushing rotor rotation direction is formed so as to recede with respect to the rotor radial direction as it is positioned on the outer periphery side of the rotor, crushing Along with the rotation of the rotor, each partition member comes into contact with the object to be crushed and pushes it out to the outer periphery of the rotor. As a result, the object to be crushed quickly passes through the passage portion and quickly flows into the gap between the pulverization blade and the liner adjacent to each other. This can increase the efficiency of the pulverization process.
Accordingly, there is provided a pulverizing apparatus that enables efficient pulverization processing by smoothly circulating the pulverized object in the pulverization chamber regardless of the properties of the pulverized object.

  The second characteristic configuration is that, in the first characteristic configuration described above, a raw material supply port for supplying the object to be crushed from the outside is provided in the air supply chamber.

That is, after the object to be crushed is supplied to the air supply chamber, it is pulverized when passing through the gap between the pulverization blade and the liner together with the air flowing from the air supply chamber side toward the main pulverization chamber side, and is reduced to some extent. Since it is introduced into the main pulverization chamber in a state in which the shape is prepared, for example, when the object to be pulverized is directly supplied to the main pulverization chamber, depending on the properties of the object to be pulverized, While it may take time for the material to be repeatedly circulated and supplied to the gap between the grinding blade and the liner to perform substantial grinding, grinding in the main grinding chamber can be started early.
Therefore, a preferred embodiment of the pulverizing apparatus of the present invention that can perform pulverization more efficiently regardless of the properties of the object to be pulverized is provided.

  The third feature configuration is that, in the second feature configuration, the outer peripheral end of the grinding rotor disk is located on the inner side of the grinding rotor than the outer peripheral end of each partition member of the passage portion. is there.

That is, when the outer peripheral end of the disk of the grinding rotor is located on the rotor inner side from the outer peripheral end of each partition member of the passage portion, for example, compared to the case where both outer peripheral ends are at the same position, Since the space between the partition members of the passage portion communicates with the air supply chamber over a wide area, when the object to be crushed supplied to the air supply chamber is introduced from the air supply chamber side to the main pulverization chamber side, the pulverization rotor The outer peripheral edge of the disc can be smoothly flowed in with little resistance without being in the way.
Therefore, a preferred embodiment of the pulverizing apparatus of the present invention that can perform pulverization more efficiently regardless of the properties of the object to be pulverized is provided.

  The fourth feature configuration includes any one of the first to third feature configurations, wherein the classifying unit includes a classifying rotor having a plurality of classifying blades on an outer peripheral part and rotating around the pulverizing rotor. A cylindrical body for circulating the object to be crushed is provided between the pulverization rotor and the outer peripheral portion of the classification rotor.

That is, due to the swirling flow generated with the rotation of the grinding rotor, the pulverized product in the main grinding chamber reaches the outer periphery of the classification rotor through the outer peripheral side of the cylindrical body coaxially arranged with respect to the grinding rotor. Fine powder having a particle size or less passes through the classification blade from the outer periphery of the classification rotor, while coarse powder cannot pass through the classification blade, passes through the inner periphery of the cylindrical body, reaches the pulverization rotor, and is pulverized again. Thereafter, this process is repeated and the pulverization process proceeds.
Therefore, a preferred embodiment of the pulverizing apparatus of the present invention is provided, in which the pulverized product is swirled and circulated in the main pulverization chamber to enable efficient pulverization and classification.

  The first characteristic configuration of the powder manufacturing method according to the present invention is a powder having a predetermined particle size by pulverizing a pulverized object in which the raw material is fibrillated by any of the pulverization apparatuses according to the first to fourth characteristic configurations. The point is to produce particles.

In the main pulverization chamber of the pulverization apparatus according to any one of the first to fourth characteristic configurations, the pulverized object in which the raw material is fibrillated passes between the partition members of the passage portion, and then the outer peripheral portion of the pulverization rotor. The fine powder that has been pulverized by repeatedly passing through the gap between the pulverizing blade and the liner facing the pulverized blade and pulverized to a predetermined particle size is classified and discharged as powder particles. At this time, each partition member of the passage portion abuts on the fibrous object to be pulverized and is pushed out to the outer periphery of the rotor with the rotation of the pulverizing rotor, so that the fibrous substance is smoothly passed and efficient pulverization is performed.
Accordingly, there is provided a powder manufacturing method for satisfactorily manufacturing powder particles of a predetermined particle size from a fibrous pulverized object.

  The second characteristic configuration is that, in the first characteristic configuration, the raw material is a resin or a low-melting-point material containing a resin.

That is, even when a resin or a low-melting substance containing a resin is to be crushed by pulverizing it by smoothly circulating it without stagnation so as to generate less heat with respect to the pulverized object, Therefore, it is possible to avoid the welding. Therefore, there is provided a powder manufacturing method that satisfactorily manufactures powder particles of a predetermined particle size from such a fibrous pulverized object (for example, toner raw material) having a low melting point.

Hereinafter, embodiments of the pulverizing apparatus of the present invention will be described.
As shown in FIGS. 1 to 4, a crushing apparatus 100 of the present invention includes a crushing chamber 1 that crushes an object to be crushed, and a disk that is rotationally driven by a driving motor or the like not shown in the crushing chamber 1. The object to be pulverized is divided into an air supply chamber 1a facing one surface of the disk-shaped pulverizing rotor 2 and a main pulverizing chamber 1b facing the other surface, and pulverized into fine powder of a predetermined particle size. Is provided in the main crushing chamber 1b.

  A raw material supply port 5 is provided in the air supply chamber 1a for supplying the object to be crushed together with air from the outside. That is, the raw material supply port 5 is also used as an air supply port for supplying air from the outside to the air supply chamber 1a. In addition, the rotating shaft of the grinding rotor 2 can be set to an arbitrary direction (for example, a horizontal direction or a vertical direction). Further, the object to be pulverized may be directly fed into the main pulverization chamber 1b from the outside.

  On the surface of the outer peripheral portion of the grinding rotor 2 on the side of the main grinding chamber 1b, there is provided a passage portion 3 in which a plurality of partition members 3a are annularly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor. 3 is provided adjacent to the main crushing chamber 1b side, and an annular crushing blade 4 having a plurality of blades 4a formed continuously along the circumferential direction of the rotor at the outer peripheral portion is provided. An annular liner 6 facing the blade 4a while maintaining a minute gap is provided on the side of the grinding chamber wall. The liner 6 has a plurality of groove portions 6a. Further, the outer peripheral end portion of the disk 2 a of the grinding rotor 2 is located on the inner side of the rotor from the outer peripheral end portion of each partition member 3 a of the passage portion 3.

  Then, air and an object to be crushed are passed through the gap between the pulverizing blade 4 and the liner 6 from the air supply chamber 1a side to the main pulverizing chamber 1b side, and the pulverizing object in the main pulverizing chamber 1a is passed through the passage portion. 3 between the three partition members 3a and repeatedly passing through the gap between the pulverizing blade 4 and the liner 6 to pulverize. Here, each blade 4a of the crushing blade 4 and the groove 6a of the liner 6 are formed in a direction parallel to the axial direction X of the crushing rotor 2 (FIG. 2), but as will be described later (see FIG. 5), You may incline with respect to the axial direction X. In FIG. 2 (also in FIG. 5), the position of the crushing rotor 2 is shifted above the normal mounting position (FIG. 1) so that the groove 6a of the liner 6 can be seen.

  The classifying unit 8 includes a classifying rotor 8 having a plurality of classifying blades 8a on the outer peripheral part thereof and rotating around the coaxial rotor X with the crushing rotor 2, and further to be crushed between the crushing rotor 2 and the outer peripheral part of the classifying rotor 8. A cylindrical body 9 that circulates an object is provided. By rotating the classifying rotor 8 at a predetermined number of revolutions, only the objects to be crushed to the predetermined particle size out of the objects to be circulated around the outer periphery of the classifying rotor 8 are selected and passed through the classifying blade 8a to obtain the product. Remove from outlet 10. In addition, although illustration is abbreviate | omitted, the dust collector etc. which attract | suck air toward the exterior and collect | recover products are connected to the product outlet 10 in communication. On the other hand, the object to be crushed that has not been pulverized to a predetermined particle size is returned to the pulverization rotor 2 and re-pulverized by the pulverization blade 4.

  The end of the cylindrical body 9 on the classification rotor 8 side is located in the vicinity of the end of the classification rotor 8 on the cylindrical body 9 side. In other words, since the cylindrical body 9 is formed with a short cylinder length so as not to cover the entire outer peripheral portion of the classification rotor 8, the object to be crushed that has reached the end position of the cylindrical body 9 is the cylindrical body 9. It immediately reaches the outer periphery of the classification rotor 8 without being interrupted by. As a result, even when a large amount of the object to be crushed is supplied, the number of circulations per unit time of the object to be crushed can be increased in the main pulverization chamber 1b, and the powder processing and the classification process can be performed efficiently. .

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), each partition member 3a of the passage portion 3 is rotated in the rotational direction of the grinding rotor 2 (as viewed along the rotational axis direction X of the grinding rotor 2 from the main grinding chamber 1b side). The front side surface S (shown by an arrow) is formed in a shape that recedes from the rotor radial direction toward the rotor outer peripheral side. In FIG. 4, the crushing blade 4 adjacent to the partition member 3a is omitted. 4B is a cross-sectional view taken along line II in FIG. As a result, when the processed product returned from the outer peripheral portion of the classification rotor 8 to the grinding rotor 2 passes between the partition members 3a, the outer peripheral side of the rotor contacts the side surface portion S in the rotational direction of each partition member 3a. Since it passes through the passage portion 3 in a short time, it can be smoothly circulated in the gap between the grinding blade 4 and the liner 6. FIG. 4A shows an example of a substantially triangular partition member 3a in which the side surface S on the front side in the rotational direction recedes linearly.

  Another embodiment of the partition member 3a is shown in FIG. FIG. 6 (a) shows the same shape as FIG. 4, FIG. 6 (b) shows an example of a substantially parallelogram-shaped partition member 3a in which the side surface portion S on the front side in the rotational direction recedes linearly, 6 (c) and 6 (d) show a shape in which the side surface portion S on the front side in the rotational direction recedes in a curve, but the present invention is not limited to this, and various shapes can be formed. In addition, in the partition member 3a shown in FIG.4 and FIG.6, although the outer peripheral edge part is formed in blade shape, a mere plane may be sufficient. On the other hand, FIG. 7 shows an example of a conventional partition member 3a ′ configured by a plate member extending along the rotor radial direction and having a side surface portion S ′ on the front side in the rotational direction along the rotor radial direction. . FIG. 7B is a sectional view taken along the line II in FIG.

  Next, another form of each blade 4a of the grinding blade 4 and the groove 6a of the liner 6 will be described. As shown in FIG. 5, the blade shape of each blade 4a of the grinding blade 4 is changed as the grinding rotor 2 rotates ( The direction of rotation is indicated by an arrow.) With respect to the axial direction X of the grinding rotor 2 so that the grinding object is sent from the air supply chamber 1a side to the main grinding chamber 1b side (send from the bottom to the top in FIG. 5). Inclined, and the groove 6a of the liner 6 is opposite to the blade shape of the grinding blade 4 with respect to the axial direction X of the grinding rotor 2 so that the object to be ground returns in the opposite direction (returns from top to bottom in FIG. 5). You may incline to the side. According to this alternative form, the object to be crushed performs zigzag movement in the feed direction and the return direction in the axial direction X of the pulverization rotor 2, so that the residence time is increased and the pulverization action is enhanced. In order to enhance the feeding action, the groove 6a of the liner 6 in FIG. 5 may be formed in a state parallel to the axial direction X of the crushing rotor 2, or although not shown, a crushing blade While each of the four blades 4a is formed in a state parallel to the axial direction X, the groove 6a of the liner 6 may be inclined in a direction in which a feeding action is exerted.

  The pulverizing apparatus 100 includes a jacket 11 for supplying a cooling medium, and by causing cooling water or the like to flow through the jacket 11, the temperature increase in the pulverizing chamber 1 accompanying the progress of the pulverization process is suppressed, so that thermoplasticity is achieved. Even when a material having a low melting point such as a resin is pulverized, it is possible to prevent thermal fusion of the object to be pulverized. In this pulverizing apparatus, the rotational axis direction X of the pulverizing rotor 2 and the classification rotor 8 can be arbitrarily set, but in the present embodiment, it is set in the horizontal direction (the raw material supply port 5 and the product outlet 10 are directed upward). .

  Next, the powder production method according to the present invention is to produce powder particles of a predetermined particle size by pulverizing an object to be pulverized in which a raw material is fibrillated by the pulverization apparatus described above. In particular, the raw material is preferably a resin or a low melting point material containing a resin, such as a toner. Table 1 shows experimental data when the fibrous toner material is pulverized by the improved pulverizer according to the present invention and the conventional pulverizer.

Two types of fibrous toner materials were used in the experiment. The raw material A and the raw material B are different in the kind of resin contained. As described above, the difference between the conventional type and the improved type of the crushing apparatus of the present invention is that the partition member constituting the passage portion arranged on the outer peripheral portion of the crushing rotor extends in the radial direction of the crushing rotor in the former. The latter is formed (see FIG. 7), and the latter is formed in a shape retreating with respect to the rotor radial direction as it is located on the outer periphery of the rotor (see FIGS. 4 and 6). Others were compared under the same conditions. Specifically, it was rotationally driven at a grinding rotor circumferential speed of 150 m / sec and a classification rotor circumferential speed of 70 m / sec, and air at 0 ° C. was circulated through the grinding chamber at a flow rate of 13 m ³ / min.

  The crushing ability in the table indicates the weight that can be crushed per hour. Moreover, the average particle diameter which measured the pulverized product obtained at that time with the particle diameter measuring device (Coulter counter) is shown together. Generally, the pulverization ability decreases when trying to obtain smaller particles in the pulverizer. Therefore, when comparing the efficiency of the pulverizer, it is necessary to compare the pulverizing ability with the same particle size. In Table 1, the average particle diameter of the raw material A coincides with 7.1 μm, and the raw material B has the same average particle diameter of 6.6 μm and 6.7 μm. From Table 1, it can be seen that the improved type has a higher crushing ability than the conventional type. Further, fine particles of 4 μm or less are unnecessary and desirably small, but from Table 1, in the improved pulverizing apparatus of the present invention with improved pulverizing ability, this unnecessary fine powder is reduced as compared with the conventional type. It can be confirmed that there is a tendency or at least does not increase.

  The pulverizer according to the present invention improves the pulverization ability by smoothly circulating in the pulverization chamber regardless of the properties of the object to be pulverized as compared with the conventional apparatus. Efficient powder production can be carried out with respect to materials and shapes.

Sectional drawing which shows the structure of the grinding | pulverization apparatus which concerns on this invention Front view and partial sectional view showing grinding rotor and liner Sectional view showing gap between grinding blade and liner groove The top view and sectional drawing which show the partition member of the channel | path part which concerns on this invention Front view and partial sectional view showing different forms of grinding rotor and liner The top view which shows the partition member of the channel | path part which concerns on another embodiment of this invention. A plan view and a sectional view showing a partition member of a conventional passage portion

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Crushing chamber 1a Air supply chamber 1b Main crushing chamber 2 Crushing rotor 2a Disk 3 Passage part 3a Partition member
3a 'partition member
4 Crushing blade 4a Blade 5 Raw material supply port (air supply port)
6 Liner 6a Groove 8 Classification rotor (classification part)
8a Classification blade 9 Cylindrical body 10 Product outlet 11 Jacket 100 Grinding device S Side face S 'Side face

Claims (6)

The pulverization chamber for pulverizing the object to be pulverized is divided into an air supply chamber facing one surface of the disk-shaped pulverization rotor and a main pulverization chamber facing the other surface by a disk-shaped pulverization rotor driven to rotate. A classification unit for classifying the object to be crushed into fine powder of a predetermined particle size and discharging it to the outside of the pulverization chamber is provided in the main pulverization chamber,
A passage portion in which a plurality of partition members are annularly arranged at intervals along the circumferential direction of the rotor is provided on the surface of the outer peripheral portion of the grinding rotor on the side of the main grinding chamber. Adjacent to the crushing chamber side, an annular crushing blade having a plurality of blades continuously formed along the circumferential direction of the rotor is provided on the outer peripheral portion, and a minute gap is maintained with each blade of the crushing blade. Opposing annular liners are provided on the side of the grinding chamber wall,
Air flows through the gap between the pulverization blade and the liner from the air supply chamber side to the main pulverization chamber side, and the object to be crushed in the main pulverization chamber is placed between the partition members of the passage portion and the pulverization blade. A pulverizer for repeatedly passing through the gap between the liners and pulverizing,
Each partition member of the passage portion is viewed in the direction of the rotation axis of the crushing rotor from the main crushing chamber side. A crushing device formed in a shape that retreats.   The pulverization apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a raw material supply port for supplying the object to be pulverized from outside is provided in the air supply chamber.   The pulverization apparatus according to claim 2, wherein an outer peripheral end portion of the disk of the pulverization rotor is located on an inner side of the pulverization rotor with respect to an outer peripheral end portion of each partition member of the passage portion.   The classifying unit includes a classifying rotor having a plurality of classifying blades on an outer peripheral part and rotating around a coaxial axis with the crushing rotor, and circulates the object to be crushed between the crushing rotor and the outer peripheral part of the classifying rotor. The crushing apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a cylindrical body is provided.   A powder production method for producing powder particles of a predetermined particle size by pulverizing an object to be pulverized in which a raw material is fibrillated by the pulverization apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4.   The powder manufacturing method according to claim 5, wherein the raw material is a resin or a low-melting-point material containing a resin.