JP2008248990A - Lubricating method of rolling guide surface - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lubricating method of a rolling guide surface which improves positioning accuracy while maintaining high speed which is an advantage of the rolling guide surface. <P>SOLUTION: In this lubricating method of the rolling guide surface, a rolling bearing is filled with a 0.005-1.0 vol.% grease with a bearing space capacity as a reference, and the rolling guide surface is lubricated. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for lubricating a rolling guide surface.

  In general, the guide surface method on the processing table of a machine tool is roughly classified into a sliding guide surface method and a rolling guide surface method.

In the rolling guide surface system, the rolling guide surface is usually lubricated with grease. Further, the amount of grease charged in the rolling bearing is usually about 30 to 40% by volume based on the bearing space volume, and 15 to 20% by volume when used at high speed rotation (for example, the following non-patent document). See reference 1.)
“Fundamentals and Applications of Lubricating Grease”, Tribology Society, Grease Study Group, Yokendo, p.241, February 2007

  Although the conventional rolling guide surface method is superior to the sliding guide surface method in terms of high speed, it is inferior in positioning accuracy.

  Therefore, an object of the present invention is to provide a rolling guide surface lubrication method capable of improving positioning accuracy while maintaining the advantage of the rolling guide surface of high speed.

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present invention is characterized in that a rolling bearing is filled with 0.005 to 1.0% by volume of lubricating oil based on the bearing space volume, and the rolling guide surface is lubricated. A method for lubricating a guide surface is provided.

  The “bearing space volume” as used in the present invention means the maximum volume of a space that can be filled with lubricating oil, grease, etc. under the experimental conditions in the bearing.

  The amount of lubricating oil charged in the rolling bearing in the present invention is extremely small compared to the amount of grease charged in the conventional rolling guide surface system described above, but the amount of lubricating oil filled satisfies the above conditions. Therefore, an extremely unexpected effect that the frictional resistance on the rolling guide surface can be drastically reduced while sufficiently maintaining the high speed is exhibited. Accordingly, it is possible to achieve both high speed and positioning accuracy at a high level by the rolling guide surface lubrication method of the present invention. Further, in the present invention, since the amount of the lubricating oil used is small, it is useful from the viewpoint of reducing environmental burden and economy.

  In the conventional lubrication method using grease, a method of reducing the consistency of the grease can be considered as a method of reducing the frictional resistance on the rolling guide surface. The method cannot achieve both high speed and positioning accuracy.

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the lubrication method of the rolling guide surface which can improve positioning accuracy is maintained, maintaining the advantage of the rolling guide surface called high speed.

  Hereinafter, preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail.

  The base oil of the lubricating oil used in the present invention is not particularly limited, and any of mineral oil, fats and oils, synthetic oils, or a mixture thereof can be used.

  Mineral oil includes, for example, a lubricating oil fraction obtained by subjecting paraffin-based crude oil or mixed-base crude oil to atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation, or wax (slack wax, etc.) and / or gas obtained by a lubricating oil dewaxing process. Synthetic waxes (Fischer-Tropsch wax, GTL wax, etc.) obtained by the Tri-Liquid (GTL) process, etc. are used as raw materials. Solvent removal, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, hydroisomerization, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, hydrogen Examples thereof include paraffinic mineral oil, naphthenic mineral oil, normal paraffin base oil, and isoparaffin base oil that are refined by appropriately combining one or two or more purification treatments such as chemical purification, sulfuric acid washing, and clay treatment.

  Specific examples of synthetic oils include polyolefins such as propylene oligomers, polybutenes, polyisobutylenes, α-olefin oligomers having 5 to 20 carbon atoms, and co-oligomers of ethylene and α-olefins having 5 to 20 carbon atoms. Or hydrides thereof; alkylbenzenes such as monoalkylbenzene, dialkylbenzene and polyalkylbenzene; alkylnaphthalenes such as monoalkylnaphthalene, dialkylnaphthalene and polyalkylnaphthalene, esters such as diester, polyol ester and trimellitic acid ester, polyoxyalkylene glycol , Ethers such as polyoxyalkylene glycol monoether, polyoxyalkylene glycol diether, and polyphenyl ether. These may be used individually by 1 type and may be used in combination of 2 or more type.

  In addition, as fats and oils, palm oil, palm kernel oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, and high oleic rapeseed oil in which the content of oleic acid in fatty acids constituting glycerides has been increased by variety improvement or genetic recombination operation, Natural oils such as vegetable oils such as oleic sunflower oil and animal oils such as lard are listed.

  As the base oil of the lubricating oil used in the present invention, esters, poly-α-olefins, ethers or polybutenes are preferably used, and among these, esters are more preferably used. Such esters may be natural products (usually those contained in natural fats and oils such as animals and plants) or synthetic products. In the present invention, it is preferable to use a synthetic ester from the viewpoint of the stability of the obtained oil agent composition and the uniformity of the ester component.

  The alcohol constituting the ester may be a monohydric alcohol or a polyhydric alcohol, and the acid constituting the ester oil may be a monobasic acid or a polybasic acid.

  As the monohydric alcohol, those having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, preferably 1 to 12 carbon atoms, more preferably 1 to 8 carbon atoms are usually used. Such alcohols may be linear or branched, It may be saturated or unsaturated.

  Specific examples of the alcohol having 1 to 24 carbon atoms include methanol, ethanol, linear or branched propanol, linear or branched butanol, and linear or branched pentanol. , Linear or branched hexanol, linear or branched heptanol, linear or branched octanol, linear or branched nonanol, linear or branched decanol , Linear or branched undecanol, linear or branched dodecanol, linear or branched tridecanol, linear or branched tetradecanol, linear or branched Pentadecanol, linear or branched hexadecanol, linear or branched heptadecanol, linear or branched octadecanol, linear or branched nonade Nols, linear or branched icosanols, linear or branched heicosanols, linear or branched tricosanols, linear or branched tetracosanols, and mixtures thereof It is done.

  As the polyhydric alcohol, those having 2 to 10 valences, preferably 2 to 6 valences are usually used. Specific examples of the 2 to 10 polyhydric alcohol include, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol (3 to 15 mer of ethylene glycol), propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, and polypropylene glycol (3 to 15 of propylene glycol). Monomer), 1,3-propanediol, 1,2-propanediol, 1,3-butanediol, 1,4-butanediol, 2-methyl-1,2-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3 -Dihydric alcohols such as propanediol, 1,2-pentanediol, 1,3-pentanediol, 1,4-pentanediol, 1,5-pentanediol, neopentylglycol; glycerin, polyglycerin (glycerin 2- Octamers such as diglycerin, triglyceride Phosphorus, tetraglycerin, etc.), trimethylol alkanes (trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, trimethylol butane, etc.) and their 2- to 8-mer, pentaerythritol and their 2- to 4-mer, 1,2,4- Butanetriol, 1,3,5-pentanetriol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, 1,2,3,4-butanetetrol, sorbitol, sorbitan, sorbitol glycerin condensate, adonitol, arabitol, xylitol, mannitol, etc. Polyhydric alcohols such as xylose, arabinose, ribose, rhamnose, glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, sorbose, cellobiose, maltose, isomaltose, trehalose, sucrose, and a mixture thereof. It is below.

  Among these polyhydric alcohols, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol (ethylene glycol 3-10 mer), propylene glycol, dipropylene glycol, polypropylene glycol (propylene glycol 3-10 mer), 1,3- Propanediol, 2-methyl-1,2-propanediol, 2-methyl-1,3-propanediol, neopentyl glycol, glycerin, diglycerin, triglycerin, trimethylolalkane (trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylol Methylol butane and the like, and dimers and tetramers thereof, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, 1,2,4-butanetriol, 1,3,5-pentanetriol, 1,2,6-hexanetrio Le, 1,2,3,4 butane tetrol, sorbitol, sorbitan, sorbitol glycerin condensate, adonitol, arabitol, xylitol, divalent to hexavalent polyhydric alcohols, and mixtures thereof, such as mannitol and the like are preferable. Even more preferred are ethylene glycol, propylene glycol, neopentyl glycol, glycerin, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, pentaerythritol, sorbitan, and mixtures thereof. Among these, neopentyl glycol, trimethylol ethane, trimethylol propane, pentaerythritol, and a mixture thereof are most preferable because higher thermal / oxidative stability can be obtained.

  As described above, the alcohol constituting the ester according to the present invention may be a monohydric alcohol or a polyhydric alcohol, but it has a low pour point as well as a point where better lubricity can be achieved. Polyhydric alcohols are preferred from the standpoints of being easier to obtain and easier handling in winter and cold regions. In addition, when an ester of a polyhydric alcohol is used, the positioning accuracy is further improved.

  Among the acids constituting the ester according to the present invention, as the monobasic acid, a fatty acid having 2 to 24 carbon atoms is usually used, and the fatty acid may be linear or branched, and saturated. Or unsaturated. Specifically, for example, acetic acid, propionic acid, linear or branched butanoic acid, linear or branched pentanoic acid, linear or branched hexanoic acid, linear or branched Branched heptanoic acid, linear or branched octanoic acid, linear or branched nonanoic acid, linear or branched decanoic acid, linear or branched undecanoic acid, Linear or branched dodecanoic acid, linear or branched tridecanoic acid, linear or branched tetradecanoic acid, linear or branched pentadecanoic acid, linear or branched Hexadecanoic acid, linear or branched heptadecanoic acid, linear or branched octadecanoic acid, linear or branched hydroxyoctadecanoic acid, linear or branched nonadecanoic acid, Linear or branched icosanoic acid, linear or branched Saturated fatty acids such as helicosanoic acid, linear or branched docosanoic acid, linear or branched tricosanoic acid, linear or branched tetracosanoic acid, acrylic acid, linear or branched Linear buteneic acid, linear or branched pentenoic acid, linear or branched hexenoic acid, linear or branched heptenoic acid, linear or branched octenoic acid, straight Linear or branched nonenoic acid, linear or branched decenoic acid, linear or branched undecenoic acid, linear or branched dodecenoic acid, linear or branched Tridecenoic acid, linear or branched tetradecenoic acid, linear or branched pentadecenoic acid, linear or branched hexadecenoic acid, linear or branched heptadecenoic acid, linear Linear or branched octadecenoic acid, linear or branched Droxyoctadecenoic acid, linear or branched nonadecenoic acid, linear or branched icosenoic acid, linear or branched heicosenoic acid, linear or branched docosenoic acid, Examples thereof include linear or branched tricosenoic acids, unsaturated fatty acids such as linear or branched tetracosenoic acids, and mixtures thereof. Among these, from the point that lubricity and handleability are further improved, saturated fatty acids having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, unsaturated fatty acids having 3 to 22 carbon atoms and mixtures thereof are particularly preferable, and saturated fatty acids having 4 to 18 carbon atoms. The unsaturated fatty acid having 4 to 18 carbon atoms and a mixture thereof are more preferable, the unsaturated fatty acid having 4 to 18 carbon atoms is more preferable, and the saturated fatty acid having 4 to 18 carbon atoms is further preferable from the viewpoint of stability.

  Examples of the polybasic acid include dibasic acids having 2 to 16 carbon atoms and trimellitic acid. The dibasic acid having 2 to 16 carbon atoms may be linear or branched, and may be saturated or unsaturated. Specifically, for example, ethanedioic acid, propanedioic acid, linear or branched butanedioic acid, linear or branched pentanedioic acid, linear or branched hexanedioic acid, Linear or branched heptanedioic acid, linear or branched octanedioic acid, linear or branched nonanedioic acid, linear or branched decanedioic acid, linear Linear or branched undecanedioic acid, linear or branched dodecanedioic acid, linear or branched tridecanedioic acid, linear or branched tetradecanedioic acid, linear or Branched heptadecanedioic acid, linear or branched hexadecanedioic acid, linear or branched hexenedioic acid, linear or branched heptenedioic acid, linear or branched Octenedioic acid, linear or branched nonene diacid, linear or branched decenedioic acid, linear Or branched undecenedioic acid, linear or branched dodecenedioic acid, linear or branched tridecenedioic acid, linear or branched tetradecenedioic acid, linear or branched Examples thereof include branched heptadecene diacid, linear or branched hexadecene diacid, and mixtures thereof.

  As described above, the acid constituting the ester may be a monobasic acid or a polybasic acid. However, when a monobasic acid is used, an ester that contributes to improvement in viscosity index and stability is obtained. Since it becomes easy to obtain, it is preferable.

The combination of the alcohol and the acid constituting the ester is arbitrary and is not particularly limited. Examples of the ester oil that can be used in the present invention include the following esters.
(I) ester of monohydric alcohol and monobasic acid (ii) ester of polyhydric alcohol and monobasic acid (iii) ester of monohydric alcohol and polybasic acid (iv) polyhydric alcohol and polybasic acid Ester (v) monohydric alcohol, mixture of polyhydric alcohol and polybasic acid (vi) mixed ester of polyhydric alcohol with monobasic acid, polybasic acid (vii) monohydric alcohol A mixed ester of a mixture of a polyhydric alcohol and a monobasic acid or polybasic acid.

  Among these, it is possible to obtain better positioning accuracy, more easily obtain a product with a low pour point, more easily obtain a product with a high viscosity index, and improve handling in winter and cold regions (ii). It is preferably an ester of a polyhydric alcohol and a monobasic acid.

  In addition, as the natural product-derived ester used in the present invention, palm oil, palm kernel oil, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, sunflower oil, and oleic acid in fatty acids constituting glycerides by breeding or genetic recombination operations, etc. Examples include natural oils and fats such as vegetable oils such as high oleic rapeseed oil and high oleic sunflower oil, and animal oils such as lard.

  Among these natural product-derived esters, high-oleic natural fats and oils with an increased content of oleic acid are preferred from the viewpoint of the stability of the lubricating oil. Triesters of fatty acids and glycerin (hereinafter simply referred to as “triesters”) It is particularly preferable that 40 to 98% by mass of the fatty acid is oleic acid. By using such triesters, both lubricity and thermal / oxidative stability can be achieved at a high level in a well-balanced manner. Further, the content of oleic acid in the fatty acid constituting the triester is preferably 50% by mass or more, more preferably, from the viewpoint that both lubricity and thermal / oxidative stability can be achieved at a high level in a balanced manner. It is 60% by mass or more, more preferably 70% by mass or more, and from the same point, it is preferably 95% by mass or less, more preferably 90% by mass or less.

  In addition, the ratio of oleic acid in the fatty acid (hereinafter referred to as “constituent fatty acid”) constituting the triester and the ratio of linoleic acid and the like described below are determined according to the standard oil analysis method 2.4. It is measured in accordance with Item 2 “Fatty Acid Composition”.

  Further, among the constituent fatty acids of the triester, fatty acids other than oleic acid are not particularly limited as long as they do not impair lubricity and thermal / oxidative stability, but are preferably fatty acids having 6 to 24 carbon atoms. The fatty acid having 6 to 24 carbon atoms may be a saturated fatty acid or an unsaturated fatty acid having 1 to 5 unsaturated bonds. In addition, the fatty acid may be linear or branched. Furthermore, you may have 1-3 hydroxyl groups (-OH) other than a carboxyl group (-COOH) in a molecule | numerator. Specific examples of such fatty acids include caproic acid, caprylic acid, capric acid, lauric acid, myristic acid, palmitic acid, stearic acid, arachidic acid, behenic acid, lignoceric acid, lauroleic acid, myristoleic acid, palmitolein. Examples include acid, gadoleic acid, erucic acid, ricinoleic acid, linoleic acid, linolenic acid, eleostearic acid, ricanoic acid, arachidonic acid, and carbadoic acid. Among these fatty acids, linoleic acid is preferable in terms of both lubricity and thermal / oxidative stability, and is preferably 1 to 60% by mass (more preferably 2 to 50% by mass, still more preferably) of the fatty acid constituting the triester. 4 to 40% by mass) is more preferably linoleic acid.

  Furthermore, in said triester, 0.1-30 mass% (more preferably 0.5-20 mass% in a constituent fatty acid) in the point of coexistence of lubricity and heat | fever and oxidation stability, More preferably 1 to 10% by mass) is preferably a fatty acid having 6 to 16 carbon atoms. When the proportion of the fatty acid having 6 to 16 carbon atoms is less than 0.1% by mass, the heat / oxidation stability tends to decrease, and when it exceeds 30% by mass, the lubricity tends to decrease.

  The total unsaturation degree of the triester is preferably 0.3 or less, and more preferably 0.2 or less. When the total degree of unsaturation of the triester is greater than 0.3, the thermal / oxidative stability of the lubricating oil of the present invention tends to deteriorate. The total degree of unsaturation referred to in the present invention is measured by the same apparatus / operation method in accordance with JIS K 1557-1970 “Polyurethane Polyether Test Method” except that a triester is used instead of the polyether for polyurethane. The total degree of unsaturation.

  As the triester according to the present invention, as long as the ratio of oleic acid in the constituent fatty acid satisfies the above conditions, one obtained by synthesis may be used, or a vegetable oil containing the triester, etc. Although natural oil may be used, it is preferable to use natural oil such as vegetable oil from the viewpoint of safety to the human body. As such vegetable oil, rapeseed oil, sunflower oil, soybean oil, corn oil and canola oil are preferable, among which sunflower oil, rapeseed oil and soybean oil are particularly preferable.

  Here, many of the natural vegetable oils have a total unsaturation level exceeding 0.3, but the total unsaturation level can be reduced by treatment such as hydrogenation in the refining process. In addition, vegetable oils having a low total unsaturation can be easily produced by gene recombination techniques. For example, high oleic acid soybean oil, high oleic sunflower oil, high oleic acid canola oil, etc. having a total unsaturation of 0.3 or less and oleic acid being 70% by mass or more, An oleic rapeseed oil etc. can be illustrated.

  In the present invention, the ester obtained when a polyhydric alcohol is used as the alcohol component may be a complete ester in which all the hydroxyl groups in the polyhydric alcohol are esterified. A partial ester may be used. The organic acid ester obtained when a polybasic acid is used as the acid component may be a complete ester in which all the carboxyl groups in the polybasic acid are esterified, or a part of the carboxyl groups is not esterified and carboxylated. It may be a partial ester remaining as a group.

The iodine value of the ester is preferably 0 to 80, more preferably 0 to 60, still more preferably 0 to 40, still more preferably 0 to 20, and most preferably 0 to 10. Further, bromine number of the ester according to the present invention is preferably 0~50gBr ₂ / 100g, more preferably 0~30gBr ₂ / 100g, more preferably 0~20gBr ₂ / 100g, most preferably 0~10gBr ₂ / 100g It is. When the iodine value and bromine value of the ester are within the above ranges, the resulting lubricating oil has high stability. The iodine value referred to here is a value measured by an indicator titration method according to JIS K 0070 “Method for measuring acid value, saponification value, ester value, iodine value, hydroxyl value and non-saponification value of a chemical product”. Say. The bromine number is a value measured by JIS K 2605 “Chemical product—Bromine number test method—Electro titration method”.

  In addition, in order to give better lubricating performance to the lubricating oil used in the present invention, the hydroxyl value of the ester is 0.01 to 300 mgKOH / g, and the ken number is 100 to 500 mgKOH / g. preferable. In the present invention, the hydroxyl value of the ester for obtaining higher lubricity is more preferably 200 mgKOH / g or less, further preferably 150 mgKOH / g or less, more preferably 0.1 mgKOH / g or more, and still more preferably. 0.5 mgKOH / g or more, more preferably 1 mgKOH / g or more, particularly preferably 3 mgKOH / g, most preferably 5 mgKOH / g. The saponification value of the ester is more preferably 200 to 400 mgKOH / g. The hydroxyl value referred to here is a value measured by an indicator titration method according to JIS K 0070 “Method for measuring acid value, saponification value, ester value, iodine value, hydroxyl value and non-saponification value of a chemical product”. Say. The saponification value is a value measured by an indicator titration method of JIS K 2503 “Aeronautical Lubricating Oil Test Method”.

The kinematic viscosity of the ester is not particularly limited, but the kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C. is preferably 200 mm ² / s or less, more preferably 100 mm ² / s or less, and further preferably 75 mm ² / s or less. Particularly preferably, it is 50 m ² / s or less. The kinematic viscosity of the ester is preferably 1 mm ² / s or more, more preferably 3 mm ² / s or more, and further preferably 5 mm ² / s or more.

  The pour point and viscosity index of the ester are not particularly limited, but the pour point is preferably −10 ° C. or lower, more preferably −20 ° C. or lower. The viscosity index is desirably 100 or more and 200 or less.

［式（１）中、Ｒ^１は炭素数１〜３０の炭化水素基を表し、ａは１〜６の整数を表し、ｂは０〜５の整数を表す。］

［式（２）中、Ｒ^２は炭素数１〜３０の炭化水素基を表し、ｃは１〜６の整数を表し、ｄは０〜５の整数を表す。］ The lubricating oil used in the present invention preferably contains an oily agent from the viewpoint of reducing frictional resistance. Examples of oily agents include alcohols, carboxylic acids, sulfides of unsaturated carboxylic acids, compounds represented by the following general formula (1), compounds represented by the following general formula (2), polyoxyalkylene compounds, esters, many Mention may be made of hydrocarbyl ethers of polyhydric alcohols, amines and the like.

[In Formula (1), ^{R 1} represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, a represents an integer of 1 to 6, b is an integer of 0-5. ]

[In formula (2), ^{R 2} represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, c is an integer of 1 to 6, d is an integer of 0-5. ]

  The alcohol may be a monohydric alcohol or a polyhydric alcohol. A monohydric alcohol having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining higher positioning accuracy, more preferably an alcohol having 1 to 25 carbon atoms, and most preferably an alcohol having 8 to 18 carbon atoms. Specifically, the example of the alcohol which comprises the ester of the said base oil can be given. These alcohols may be linear or branched, and may be saturated or unsaturated, but are preferably saturated from the viewpoint of stability.

  The carboxylic acid may be a monobasic acid or a polybasic acid. A monovalent carboxylic acid having 1 to 40 carbon atoms is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining higher positioning accuracy, more preferably a carboxylic acid having 5 to 25 carbon atoms, and most preferably a carboxylic acid having 5 to 20 carbon atoms. is there. Specifically, the example of the carboxylic acid which comprises the ester as said base oil can be given. These carboxylic acids may be linear or branched and may be saturated or unsaturated, but are preferably saturated carboxylic acids from the viewpoint of stability.

  Examples of unsaturated carboxylic acid sulfides include oleic acid sulfides.

In the compound represented by the general formula (1), examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R ¹ include, for example, a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, carbon number A cycloalkyl group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkyl cycloalkyl group having 6 to 30 carbon atoms, a linear or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 30 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms, and an alkaryl having 7 to 30 carbon atoms. Group, and an aralkyl group having 7 to 30 carbon atoms. In these, it is preferable that it is a C1-C30 linear or branched alkyl group, More preferably, it is a C1-C20 linear or branched alkyl group, More preferably, it is C1-C1. 10 linear or branched alkyl groups, and most preferably a linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. Examples of the linear or branched alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms include a methyl group, an ethyl group, a linear or branched propyl group, and a linear or branched butyl group.

  The substitution position of the hydroxyl group is arbitrary, but when it has two or more hydroxyl groups, it is preferably substituted with an adjacent carbon atom. a is preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and more preferably 2. b is preferably an integer of 0 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2. Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (1) include p-tert-butylcatechol.

In the compound represented by the general formula (2), examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R ² include 1 carbon atom represented by R ¹ in the general formula (1). The same thing as the example of -30 hydrocarbon group can be mentioned, and the example of a preferable thing is also the same. The substitution position of the hydroxyl group is arbitrary, but when it has two or more hydroxyl groups, it is preferably substituted with an adjacent carbon atom. c is preferably an integer of 1 to 3, and more preferably 2. d is preferably an integer of 0 to 3, more preferably 1 or 2. Examples of the compound represented by the general formula (2) include 2,2-dihydroxynaphthalene and 2,3-dihydroxynaphthalene.

  Examples of the polyoxyalkylene compound include compounds represented by the following general formula (3) or (4).

_{^{R 3 O- (R 4 O)}} e -R 5 (3)
[In Formula (3), R ³ and R ⁵ each independently represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, R ⁴ represents an alkylene group having 2 to ⁴ carbon atoms, and e represents a number average molecular weight. Represents an integer such that 100 is 3500. ]
^{_{A - [(R 6 O)}} f -R 7] g (4)
Wherein (4), A is hydroxyl represents 2.1-3.5 removing some or all of the hydrogen atoms of the hydroxyl groups of an alcohol having 3 to 10, R ⁶ is an alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms R ⁷ represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, f represents an integer having a number average molecular weight of 100 to 3500, and g represents the number of hydrogen atoms removed from the hydroxyl group of A. Represents the same number. ]

In the general formula (3), at least one of R ³ and R ⁵ is preferably a hydrogen atom. Examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R ³ and R ⁵ are the same as those of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R ¹ in the general formula (1). Examples of preferred ones are also the same. Specific examples of the alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms represented by R ⁴ include an ethylene group, a propylene group (methylethylene group), and a butylene group (ethylethylene group). e is preferably an integer such that the number average molecular weight is 300 to 2,000, and more preferably an integer such that the number average molecular weight is 500 to 1,500.

  Moreover, in the said General formula (4), as a specific example of the polyhydric alcohol which has 3-10 hydroxyl groups which comprise A, glycerin, polyglycerin (2-tetramer of glycerin, for example, diglycerin, triglycerin) , Tetraglycerin), trimethylol alkanes (trimethylolethane, trimethylolpropane, trimethylolbutane) and their 2-tetramers, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, 1,2,4-butanetriol, 1,3, 5-pentanetriol, 1,2,6-hexanetriol, 1,2,3,4-butanetetrol, sorbitol, sorbitan, sorbitol glycerin condensate, adonitol, arabitol, xylitol, mannitol, idylitol, taritol, dulcitol, allitol Many Alcohol; it xylose, arabinose, ribose, rhamnose, glucose, fructose, galactose, mannose, sorbose, cellobiose, Mantosu, be mentioned Isomantosu, trehalose, and a saccharide such as sucrose. Among these, glycerin, polyglycerin, trimethylolalkane, and dimer to tetramer thereof, pentaerythritol, dipentaerythritol, sorbitol, or sorbitan are preferable.

Examples of the alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms represented by R ⁶ may be the same as the examples of the alkylene group having 2 to 4 carbon atoms represented by R ⁴ in the general formula (3) . As examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R ⁷ are given the same as examples of the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R ¹ in the general formula (1) Examples of preferred ones are the same. At least one of g R ⁷ is preferably a hydrogen atom, more preferably all hydrogen atoms. f is preferably an integer such that the number average molecular weight is 300 to 2,000, more preferably an integer such that the number average molecular weight is 500 to 1,500.

  As the ester, the alcohol constituting the ester may be a monohydric alcohol or a polyhydric alcohol, and the carboxylic acid may be a monobasic acid or a polybasic acid.

  As the monohydric alcohol and polyhydric alcohol constituting the ester oily agent, those similar to the esters described in the description of the base oil can be used.

  As described above, the alcohol constituting the ester oily agent may be a monohydric alcohol or a polyhydric alcohol, but more excellent in positioning accuracy and a low pour point are more preferable. A polyhydric alcohol is preferable because it is easy to obtain and is easier to handle in winter and cold regions.

  In addition, as the monobasic acid and polybasic acid constituting the ester oily agent, those similar to the case of the ester as the base oil can be used.

The combination of an alcohol and an acid in the ester oily agent is arbitrary and not particularly limited. Examples of the ester oily agent that can be used in the present invention include the following esters.
(I) ester of monohydric alcohol and monobasic acid (ii) ester of polyhydric alcohol and monobasic acid (iii) ester of monohydric alcohol and polybasic acid (iv) polyhydric alcohol and polybasic acid Ester (v) monohydric alcohol, mixture of polyhydric alcohol and polybasic acid (vi) mixed ester of polyhydric alcohol with monobasic acid, polybasic acid (vii) monohydric alcohol A mixed ester of a mixture of a polyhydric alcohol and a monobasic acid or polybasic acid.

  When a polyhydric alcohol is used as the alcohol component, it may be a complete ester in which all the hydroxyl groups in the polyhydric alcohol are esterified, or a partial ester in which some of the hydroxyl groups are not esterified and remain as hydroxyl groups. Good. Further, when a polybasic acid is used as the carboxylic acid component, it may be a complete ester in which all the carboxyl groups in the polybasic acid are esterified, or a part of the carboxyl group is not esterified and remains as a carboxyl group. It may be a partial ester.

  The total number of carbon atoms of the ester oily agent is not particularly limited, but from the viewpoint of lubricity, an ester having a total carbon number of 7 or more is preferred, an ester of 9 or more is more preferred, and an ester of 11 or more is most preferred. From the viewpoint of compatibility with organic materials, esters having a total carbon number of 60 or less are preferred, esters of 45 or less are more preferred, esters of 26 or less are more preferred, esters of 24 or less are even more preferred, and esters of 22 or less are preferred. Esters are most preferred.

  Examples of the polyhydric alcohol constituting the hydrocarbyl ether of the polyhydric alcohol include the same polyhydric alcohols exemplified in the description of the base oil, and more preferable examples are also exemplified in the description of the base oil. The same thing as a polyhydric alcohol can be mentioned. Furthermore, as the polyhydric alcohol, glycerin is most preferable because high positioning accuracy can be obtained.

  As the hydrocarbyl ether of the polyhydric alcohol, one obtained by converting part or all of the hydroxyl groups of the polyhydric alcohol into hydrocarbyl ether can be used. From the standpoint of obtaining high positioning accuracy, a product obtained by hydrocarbyl etherifying a part of the hydroxyl group of the polyhydric alcohol (partially etherified product) is preferable. The hydrocarbyl group here means an alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms, a cycloalkyl group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms, an alkylcycloalkyl group having 6 to 11 carbon atoms, and 6 carbon atoms. Represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms such as an aryl group having 10 to 10 carbon atoms, an alkaryl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms, and an aralkyl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms.

  Examples of the alkyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms include methyl group, ethyl group, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, linear or branched pentyl Group, linear or branched hexyl group, linear or branched heptyl group, linear or branched octyl group, linear or branched nonyl group, linear or branched decyl group, linear or Branched undecyl group, linear or branched dodecyl group, linear or branched tridecyl group, linear or branched tetradecyl group, linear or branched pentadecyl group, linear or branched hexadecyl group , Linear or branched heptadecyl group, linear or branched octadecyl group, linear or branched nonadecyl group, linear or branched icosyl group, linear or branched heicosyl group, linear or Branch docosyl group, a linear or branched tricosyl group, tetracosyl group of straight or branched may be mentioned.

  Examples of the alkenyl group having 2 to 24 carbon atoms include a vinyl group, a linear or branched propenyl group, a linear or branched butenyl group, a linear or branched pentenyl group, and a linear or branched hexenyl group. , Linear or branched heptenyl group, linear or branched octenyl group, linear or branched nonenyl group, linear or branched decenyl group, linear or branched undecenyl group, linear or branched A branched dodecenyl group, a linear or branched tridecenyl group, a linear or branched tetradecenyl group, a linear or branched pentadecenyl group, a linear or branched hexadecenyl group, a linear or branched heptadecenyl group, Linear or branched octadecenyl group, linear or branched nonadecenyl group, linear or branched icocenyl group, linear or branched henicosenyl group, linear or branched dococenyl group Group, straight or branched tricosenyl group, tetracosenyl group of straight or branched may be mentioned.

  Examples of the cycloalkyl group having 5 to 7 carbon atoms include a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, and a cycloheptyl group. Examples of the alkylcycloalkyl group having 6 to 11 carbon atoms include methylcyclopentyl group, dimethylcyclopentyl group (including all structural isomers), methylethylcyclopentyl group (including all structural isomers), and diethylcyclopentyl group ( Including all structural isomers), methylcyclohexyl group, dimethylcyclohexyl group (including all structural isomers), methylethylcyclohexyl group (including all structural isomers), diethylcyclohexyl group (all structures) Isomers), methylcycloheptyl group, dimethylcycloheptyl group (including all structural isomers), methylethylcycloheptyl group (including all structural isomers), diethylcycloheptyl group (all Including structural isomers).

  Examples of the aryl group having 6 to 10 carbon atoms include a phenyl group and a naphthyl group. The alkaryl group having 7 to 18 carbon atoms includes a tolyl group (including all structural isomers), a xylyl group (including all structural isomers), and an ethylphenyl group (including all structural isomers). ), Linear or branched propylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), linear or branched butylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), linear or branched pentylphenyl Groups (including all structural isomers), linear or branched hexylphenyl groups (including all structural isomers), linear or branched heptylphenyl groups (including all structural isomers). ), Linear or branched octylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), linear or branched nonylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), linear or branched decylphenyl Group (including all structural isomers). , Straight or branched undecylphenyl (including all structural isomers.) (Including all structural isomers.) Linear or branched dodecylphenyl group and the like.

  Examples of the aralkyl group having 7 to 12 carbon atoms include benzyl group, phenylethyl group, phenylpropyl group (including isomers of propyl group), phenylbutyl group (including isomers of butyl group), phenylpentyl group (pentyl). Group isomers), phenylhexyl groups (including hexyl isomers), and the like.

  Among these, in view of achieving high positioning accuracy, a linear or branched alkyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms and a linear or branched alkenyl group having 2 to 18 carbon atoms are preferable. 12 linear or branched alkyl groups and oleyl groups (residues obtained by removing hydroxyl groups from oleyl alcohol) are more preferred.

  As the amine, monoamine is preferably used. The carbon number of the monoamine is preferably 6 to 24, more preferably 12 to 24. The carbon number here means the total number of carbon atoms contained in the monoamine. When the monoamine has two or more hydrocarbon groups, it represents the total number of carbon atoms.

  As the monoamine used in the present invention, any of a primary monoamine, a secondary monoamine, and a tertiary monoamine can be used, but a primary monoamine is preferable from the viewpoint of obtaining high positioning accuracy.

  As the hydrocarbon group bonded to the nitrogen atom of the monoamine, any of an alkyl group, an alkenyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkaryl group, an aralkyl group, etc. can be used. From the point of obtaining accuracy, an alkyl group or an alkenyl group is preferable. The alkyl group and alkenyl group may be linear or branched, but are preferably linear from the viewpoint of obtaining high positioning accuracy.

  Preferable monoamines used in the present invention include, for example, hexylamine (including all isomers), heptylamine (including all isomers), and octylamine (including all isomers). , Nonylamine (including all isomers), decylamine (including all isomers), undecylamine (including all isomers), dodecylamine (including all isomers), tridecylamine (all Including isomers), tetradecylamine (including all isomers), pentadecylamine (including all isomers), hexadecylamine (including all isomers), heptadecylamine (all isomers) ), Octadecylamine (including all isomers), nonadecylamine (including all isomers), icosylamine (including all isomers), hen Cosylamine (including all isomers), docosylamine (including all isomers), tricosylamine (including all isomers), tetracosylamine (including all isomers), octadecenylamine (all (Including isomers) (including oleylamine and the like) and mixtures of two or more thereof. Among these, a primary monoamine having 12 to 24 carbon atoms is preferable, and a primary monoamine having 14 to 20 carbon atoms is preferable because it can prevent welding and increase in processing resistance to achieve excellent processing efficiency and tool life. Monoamines are more preferable, and primary monoamines having 16 to 18 carbon atoms are more preferable.

  In this invention, only 1 type chosen from the said oil-based agent may be used, and 2 or more types of mixtures may be used. Among these, it is preferable that it is 1 type, or 2 or more types of mixtures chosen from a carboxylic acid oil agent and an amine oil agent from the point from which a high positioning accuracy is obtained.

  The content of the oily agent is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01% by mass or more, more preferably 0.05% by mass or more, and further preferably 0%, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil, from the viewpoint of obtaining high positioning accuracy. .1% by mass or more. From the viewpoint of stability, the content of the oily agent is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, and still more preferably 5% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil.

  The lubricating oil used in the present invention preferably further contains an extreme pressure agent. In particular, when an extreme pressure agent is used in combination with the oily agent described above, a higher positioning accuracy can be obtained due to these synergistic effects.

  Examples of extreme pressure agents include sulfur compounds and phosphorus compounds.

  The sulfur compound is not particularly limited as long as it does not impair the properties of the oil composition, but dihydrocarbyl polysulfide, sulfide ester, sulfide mineral oil, zinc dithiophosphate, zinc dithiocarbamate, molybdenum dithiophosphate and molybdenum dithiocarbamate are preferred. Used.

The dihydrocarbyl polysulfide is a sulfur compound generally called polysulfide or sulfurized olefin, and specifically means a compound represented by the following general formula (5).
_{^{R 8 -S h -R 9 (5}} )
[In Formula (5), R ⁸ and R ⁹ may be the same or different, and each has a linear or branched alkyl group having 3 to 20 carbon atoms, an aryl group having 6 to 20 carbon atoms, or a carbon number. It represents a 6-20 alkaryl group or an aralkyl group having 6-20 carbon atoms, and h represents an integer of 2-6, preferably 2-5. ]

As R ⁸ and R ⁹ in the general formula (5), specifically, n-propyl group, isopropyl group, n-butyl group, isobutyl group, sec-butyl group, tert-butyl group, straight chain or Branched pentyl group, linear or branched hexyl group, linear or branched heptyl group, linear or branched octyl group, linear or branched nonyl group, linear or branched decyl group, linear or branched Undecyl group, linear or branched dodecyl group, linear or branched tridecyl group, linear or branched tetradecyl group, linear or branched pentadecyl group, linear or branched hexadecyl group, linear or branched heptadecyl group A linear or branched alkyl group such as a linear or branched octadecyl group, a linear or branched nonadecyl group, a linear or branched icosyl group; an aryl such as a phenyl group or a naphthyl group A tolyl group (including all structural isomers), an ethylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), a linear or branched propylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), a linear or branched butyl Phenyl group (including all structural isomers), linear or branched pentylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), linear or branched hexylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), linear Or branched heptylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), straight chain or branched octylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), straight chain or branched nonylphenyl group (including all structural isomers) ), Linear or branched decylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), linear or branched undecylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), linear or branched dodecylphenyl group (all Structural isomerism ), Xylyl group (including all structural isomers), ethylmethylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), diethylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), di (linear or branched) Branch) propylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), di (straight or branched) butylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), methylnaphthyl group (including all structural isomers), ethyl Naphthyl group (including all structural isomers), linear or branched propyl naphthyl group (including all structural isomers), linear or branched butyl naphthyl group (including all structural isomers), dimethylnaphthyl Group (including all structural isomers), ethylmethylnaphthyl group (including all structural isomers), diethylnaphthyl group (including all structural isomers), di (straight or branched) propylnaphthyl group (including all Alkaryl groups such as di (straight or branched) butyl naphthyl group (including all structural isomers); benzyl group, phenylethyl group (including all isomers), phenyl propylene An aralkyl group such as a ru group (including all isomers). Among these, as R ⁸ and R ⁹ in the general formula (5), an alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms derived from propylene, 1-butene or isobutylene, an aryl group having 6 to 8 carbon atoms, an alkenyl group, A reel group or an aralkyl group is preferable. Examples of these groups include isopropyl group, branched hexyl group derived from propylene dimer (including all branched isomers), and propylene trimer. Branched nonyl group derived from (including all branched isomers), branched dodecyl group derived from propylene tetramer (including all branched isomers), propylene pentamer Branched pentadecyl groups derived from (including all branched isomers), branched octadecyl groups derived from propylene hexamer (including all branched isomers), sec-butyl Group, tert-butyl group, branched octyl group derived from 1-butene dimer (including all branched isomers), branched octyl group derived from isobutylene dimer (all ), Branched dodecyl groups derived from 1-butene trimer (including all branched isomers), branched dodecyl groups derived from isobutylene trimer (Including all branched isomers), branched hexadecyl group derived from 1-butene tetramer (including all branched isomers), branched derived from isobutylene tetramer Alkyl groups such as hexadecyl group (including all branched isomers); phenyl group, tolyl group (including all structural isomers), ethylphenyl group (including all structural isomers), xylyl group (all An alkaryl group, including structural isomers of Examples include aralkyl groups such as a dil group and a phenylethyl group (including all isomers).

Furthermore, R ⁸ and R ⁹ in the general formula (5) are each a branched alkyl group having 3 to 18 carbon atoms derived from ethylene or propylene, from the viewpoint of obtaining high positioning accuracy. More preferred is a branched alkyl group having 6 to 15 carbon atoms derived from ethylene or propylene.

  Specific examples of the sulfurized ester include animal and vegetable fats and oils such as beef tallow, pork tallow, fish fat, rapeseed oil and soybean oil; unsaturated fatty acids (oleic acid, linoleic acid, fatty acids extracted from the above-mentioned animal and vegetable fats and the like, and the like. And an unsaturated fatty acid ester obtained by reacting various alcohols with each other; and a mixture thereof obtained by sulfiding by an arbitrary method.

  Sulfided mineral oil refers to one obtained by dissolving elemental sulfur in mineral oil. Here, the mineral oil used in the sulfide mineral oil according to the present invention is not particularly limited. Specifically, specifically, a lubricating oil fraction obtained by subjecting crude oil to atmospheric distillation and vacuum distillation is used as a solvent. Examples thereof include paraffinic mineral oil, naphthenic mineral oil, and the like, which are refined by appropriately combining purification treatments such as deblocking, solvent extraction, hydrocracking, solvent dewaxing, catalytic dewaxing, hydrorefining, sulfuric acid washing, and clay treatment. In addition, as elemental sulfur, any form such as lump, powder, molten liquid, etc. may be used, but when powdered or molten liquid elemental sulfur is used, it is efficiently dissolved in the base oil. Is preferable. In addition, molten liquid elemental sulfur has the advantage that the melting operation can be performed in a very short time because the liquids are mixed together, but it must be handled above the melting point of elemental sulfur, such as heating equipment It is not always easy to handle because it requires special equipment and is handled in a high temperature atmosphere. On the other hand, powdery simple sulfur is particularly preferable because it is inexpensive and easy to handle, and the time required for dissolution is sufficiently short. Moreover, although there is no restriction | limiting in particular in sulfur content in the sulfide mineral oil concerning this invention, Preferably it is 0.05-1.0 mass% normally on the basis of the sulfide mineral oil whole quantity, More preferably, it is 0.1-0. 5% by mass.

［式（６）〜（９）中、Ｒ^１０、Ｒ^１１、Ｒ^１２、Ｒ^１３、Ｒ^１４、Ｒ^１５、Ｒ^１６、Ｒ^１７、Ｒ^１８、Ｒ^１９、Ｒ^２０、Ｒ^２１、Ｒ^２２、Ｒ^２３、Ｒ^２４およびＲ^２５は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ炭素数１以上の炭化水素基を表し、Ｘ^１およびＸ^２はそれぞれ酸素原子または硫黄原子を表す。］ The zinc dithiophosphate compound, the zinc dithiocarbamate compound, the molybdenum dithiophosphate and the molybdenum compound dithiocarbamate mean compounds represented by the following general formulas (6) to (9), respectively.

[In the formulas (6) to (9), R ¹⁰ , R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ , R ¹⁴ , R ¹⁵ , R ¹⁶ , R ¹⁷ , R ¹⁸ , R ¹⁹ , R ²⁰ , R ²¹ , R ²² , R ²³ , R ²⁴ and R ²⁵ may be the same or different and each represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 or more carbon atoms, and X ¹ and X ² each represent an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom. ]

Here, R ¹⁰ , R ¹¹ , R ¹² , R ¹³ , R ¹⁴ , R ¹⁵ , R ¹⁶ , R ¹⁷ , R ¹⁸ , R ¹⁹ , R ²⁰ , R ²¹ , R ²² , R ²³ , R ²⁴ and R ²⁵ Specific examples of the hydrocarbon group represented by: methyl group, ethyl group, propyl group (including all branched isomers), butyl group (including all branched isomers), pentyl group (including Including all branched isomers), hexyl group (including all branched isomers), heptyl group (including all branched isomers), octyl group (including all branched isomers), nonyl Groups (including all branched isomers), decyl groups (including all branched isomer pairs), undecyl groups (including all branched isomer pairs), dodecyl groups (including all branched isomer pairs) , Tridecyl group (including all branched isomer pairs), tetradec Group (including all branched isomer pairs), pentadecyl group (including all branched isomer pairs), hexadecyl group (including all branched isomer pairs), heptadecyl group (including all branched isomer pairs) ), Octadecyl group (including all branched isomer pairs), nonadecyl group (including all branched isomer pairs), icosyl group (including all branched isomer pairs), heicosyl group (including all branched isomer pairs) Alkyl groups such as docosyl groups (including all branched isomer pairs), tricosyl groups (including all branched isomer pairs), tetracosyl groups (including all branched isomer pairs); cyclopentyl groups, Cycloalkyl groups such as cyclohexyl group and cycloheptyl group; methylcyclopentyl group (including all substituted isomers), ethylcyclopentyl group (including all substituted isomers), dimethyl Cyclopentyl group (including all substituted isomers), propylcyclopentyl group (including all branched and substituted isomers), methylethylcyclopentyl group (including all substituted isomers), trimethylcyclopentyl group (all Substituted isomers), butylcyclopentyl group (all branched isomers, including substituted isomers), methylpropylcyclopentyl group (including all branched isomers, substituted isomers), diethylcyclopentyl group (all Substituted isomers), dimethylethylcyclopentyl group (including all substituted isomers), methylcyclohexyl group (including all substituted isomers), ethylcyclohexyl group (including all substituted isomers), dimethylcyclohexyl group (Including all substituted isomers), propylcyclohexyl groups (all Branched isomers, including substituted isomers, methylethylcyclohexyl group (including all substituted isomers), trimethylcyclohexyl group (including all substituted isomers), butylcyclohexyl group (all branched isomers) , Including substituted isomers), methylpropylcyclohexyl group (including all branched isomers, including substituted isomers), diethylcyclohexyl group (including all substituted isomers), dimethylethylcyclohexyl group (including all substituted isomers) ), Methylcycloheptyl group (including all substituted isomers), ethylcycloheptyl group (including all substituted isomers), dimethylcycloheptyl group (including all substituted isomers), propylcycloheptyl group (Including all branched isomers and substituted isomers), methylethylcycloheptyl group (all substituted isomers) ), Trimethylcycloheptyl group (including all substituted isomers), butylcycloheptyl group (including all branched and substituted isomers), methylpropylcycloheptyl group (all branched isomers) Alkyl cycloalkyl groups such as diethylcycloheptyl group (including all substituted isomers), dimethylethylcycloheptyl group (including all substituted isomers); phenyl groups, naphthyl groups, etc. Aryl group; tolyl group (including all substituted isomers), xylyl group (including all substituted isomers), ethylphenyl group (including all substituted isomers), propylphenyl group (all branched isomers) , Including substituted isomers), methylethylphenyl group (including all substituted isomers), trimethylphenyl group (all substituted isomers) ), Butylphenyl group (including all branched and substituted isomers), methylpropylphenyl group (including all branched and substituted isomers), and diethylphenyl group (including all substituted isomers) Dimethylethylphenyl group (including all substituted isomers), pentylphenyl group (including all branched isomers, including substituted isomers), hexylphenyl group (including all branched isomers, substituted isomers) ), Heptylphenyl group (including all branched isomers, substituted isomers), octylphenyl group (including all branched isomers, substituted isomers), nonylphenyl group (all branched isomers, Substituted isomers), decylphenyl group (including all branched isomers, including substituted isomers), undecylphenyl group (including all branched isomers, including substituted isomers), dodecylpheny Group (including all branched isomers and substituted isomers), tridecylphenyl group (including all branched isomers and substituted isomers), tetradecylphenyl group (all branched isomers and substituted isomers) ), Pentadecylphenyl group (including all branched and substituted isomers), hexadecylphenyl group (including all branched and substituted isomers), heptadecylphenyl group (all Alkaryl groups such as branched isomers and substituted isomers, octadecylphenyl groups (including all branched isomers and substituted isomers); benzyl groups, phenethyl groups, phenylpropyl groups (all branched isomers) And aralkyl groups such as phenylbutyl group (including all branched isomers).

  In the present invention, among the above sulfur compounds, it is preferable to use at least one selected from the group consisting of dihydrocarbyl polysulfide and sulfurized ester because high positioning accuracy can be obtained.

  Specific examples of the phosphorus compound include phosphoric acid ester, acidic phosphoric acid ester, amine salt of acidic phosphoric acid ester, chlorinated phosphoric acid ester, phosphorous acid ester and phosphorothionate, and the following general formula ( Examples thereof include metal salts of phosphorus compounds represented by 10) or (11). Examples of these phosphorus compounds include esters of phosphoric acid, phosphorous acid or thiophosphoric acid and alkanols, polyether type alcohols, or derivatives thereof.

［式（１０）中、Ｘ^３、Ｘ^４およびＸ^５は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ酸素原子または硫黄原子を表し、Ｘ^３、Ｘ^４またはＸ^５の少なくとも２つは酸素原子であり、Ｒ^２６、Ｒ^２７、およびＲ^２８は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ水素原子または炭素数１〜３０の炭化水素基を表す］

[In Formula (10), X ³ , X ⁴ and X ⁵ may be the same or different and each represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, and at least two of X ³ , X ⁴ or X ⁵ are oxygen atoms; , R ²⁶ , R ²⁷ , and R ²⁸ may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms]

［式（１１）中、Ｘ^６、Ｘ^７、Ｘ^８およびＸ^９は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ酸素原子または硫黄原子を表し、Ｘ^６、Ｘ^７、Ｘ^８またはＸ^９の少なくとも３つは酸素原子であり、Ｒ^２９、Ｒ^３０およびＲ^３１は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ水素原子または炭素数１〜３０の炭化水素基を表す。］

[In formula (11), X ⁶ , X ⁷ , X ⁸ and X ⁹ may be the same or different and each represents an oxygen atom or a sulfur atom, and at least 3 of X ⁶ , X ⁷ , X ⁸ or X ⁹ One is an oxygen atom, and R ²⁹ , R ³⁰ and R ³¹ may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms. ]

More specifically, the phosphate ester includes tributyl phosphate, tripentyl phosphate, trihexyl phosphate, triheptyl phosphate, trioctyl phosphate, trinonyl phosphate, tridecyl phosphate, triundecyl phosphate, tridodecyl phosphate, tritridecyl Phosphate, tritetradecyl phosphate, tripentadecyl phosphate, trihexadecyl phosphate, triheptadecyl phosphate, trioctadecyl phosphate, trioleyl phosphate, triphenyl phosphate, tricresyl phosphate, trixylenyl phosphate, cresyl diphenyl phosphate, xyl Renyl diphenyl phosphate and the like;
Examples of acidic phosphate esters include monobutyl acid phosphate, monopentyl acid phosphate, monohexyl acid phosphate, monoheptyl acid phosphate, monooctyl acid phosphate, monononyl acid phosphate, monodecyl acid phosphate, monoundecyl acid phosphate, monododecyl Acid phosphate, monotridecyl acid phosphate, monotetradecyl acid phosphate, monopentadecyl acid phosphate, monohexadecyl acid phosphate, monoheptadecyl acid phosphate, monooctadecyl acid phosphate, monooleyl acid phosphate, dibutyl acid phosphate, dipentyl acid , Dihexyl reed Dophosphate, diheptyl acid phosphate, dioctyl acid phosphate, dinonyl acid phosphate, didecyl acid phosphate, diundecyl acid phosphate, didodecyl acid phosphate, ditridecyl acid phosphate, ditetradecyl acid phosphate, dipentadecyl acid, dipentadecyl acid Hexadecyl acid phosphate, diheptadecyl acid phosphate, dioctadecyl acid phosphate, dioleyl acid phosphate, etc .;
Examples of the amine salt of acidic phosphate ester include methylamine, ethylamine, propylamine, butylamine, pentylamine, hexylamine, heptylamine, octylamine, dimethylamine, diethylamine, dipropylamine, dibutylamine, Salts with amines such as dipentylamine, dihexylamine, diheptylamine, dioctylamine, trimethylamine, triethylamine, tripropylamine, tributylamine, tripentylamine, trihexylamine, triheptylamine, trioctylamine, etc .;
Examples of the chlorinated phosphate ester include tris-dichloropropyl phosphate, tris-chloroethyl phosphate, tris-chlorophenyl phosphate, polyoxyalkylene bis [di (chloroalkyl)] phosphate, and the like;
As phosphites, dibutyl phosphite, dipentyl phosphite, dihexyl phosphite, diheptyl phosphite, dioctyl phosphite, dinonyl phosphite, didecyl phosphite, diundecyl phosphite, didodecyl phosphite, dioleyl Phosphite, diphenyl phosphite, dicresyl phosphite, tributyl phosphite, tripentyl phosphite, trihexyl phosphite, triheptyl phosphite, trioctyl phosphite, trinonyl phosphite, tridecyl phosphite, triundecyl phosphite Phyto, tridodecyl phosphite, trioleyl phosphite, triphenyl phosphite, tricresyl phosphite etc .;
Examples of phosphorothioates include tributyl phosphorothioate, tripentyl phosphorothioate, trihexyl phosphorothioate, triheptyl phosphorothionate, trioctyl phosphorothionate, trinonyl phosphorothionate, tridecyl. Phosphorothioate, triundecyl phosphorothionate, tridodecyl phosphorothionate, tritridecyl phosphorothionate, tritetradecyl phosphorothionate, tripentadecyl phosphorothionate, trihexadecyl phosphorothionate , Triheptadecyl phosphorothioate, trioctadecyl phosphorothioate, trioleyl phosphorothioate, triphenyl phosphorothioate, tricresyl phosphorothionate, trixylenyl phosphorothionate, cresyl di Phenyl phosphorothioate, xylenyl diphenyl phosphorothioate, tris (n-propylphenyl) phosphorothionate, tris (isopropylphenyl) phosphorothionate, tris (n-butylphenyl) phosphorothionate, tris (Isobutylphenyl) phosphorothionate, tris (s-butylphenyl) phosphorothionate, tris (t-butylphenyl) phosphorothionate and the like can be mentioned.

Moreover, regarding the metal salt of the phosphorus compound represented by the general formula (10) or (11), the hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R ^{26 to} R ³¹ in the formula is specifically Includes an alkyl group, a cycloalkyl group, an alkenyl group, an alkylcycloalkyl group, an aryl group, an alkaryl group, an aralkyl group, and the like.

  Examples of the alkyl group include methyl, ethyl, propyl, butyl, pentyl, hexyl, heptyl, octyl, nonyl, decyl, undecyl, dodecyl, tridecyl, tetradecyl, pentadecyl, and the like. Group, hexadecyl group, heptadecyl group, octadecyl group and other alkyl groups (these alkyl groups may be linear or branched).

  As said cycloalkyl group, C5-C7 cycloalkyl groups, such as a cyclopentyl group, a cyclohexyl group, a cycloheptyl group, can be mentioned, for example. Examples of the alkylcycloalkyl group include a methylcyclopentyl group, a dimethylcyclopentyl group, a methylethylcyclopentyl group, a diethylcyclopentyl group, a methylcyclohexyl group, a dimethylcyclohexyl group, a methylethylcyclohexyl group, a diethylcyclohexyl group, a methylcycloheptyl group, Examples thereof include an alkylcycloalkyl group having 6 to 11 carbon atoms such as a dimethylcycloheptyl group, a methylethylcycloheptyl group, and a diethylcycloheptyl group (the substitution position of the alkyl group with the cycloalkyl group is also arbitrary).

  Examples of the alkenyl group include butenyl, pentenyl, hexenyl, heptenyl, octenyl, nonenyl, decenyl, undecenyl, dodecenyl, tridecenyl, tetradecenyl, pentadecenyl, hexadecenyl, heptadecenyl, An alkenyl group such as an octadecenyl group (these alkenyl groups may be linear or branched, and the position of the double bond is also optional).

  As said aryl group, aryl groups, such as a phenyl group and a naphthyl group, can be mentioned, for example. Examples of the alkaryl group include tolyl group, xylyl group, ethylphenyl group, propylphenyl group, butylphenyl group, pentylphenyl group, hexylphenyl group, heptylphenyl group, octylphenyl group, nonylphenyl group, and decylphenyl. Groups, alkaryl groups having 7 to 18 carbon atoms such as undecylphenyl group and dodecylphenyl group (the alkyl group may be linear or branched, and the substitution position on the aryl group is also arbitrary). .

  Examples of the aralkyl group include aralkyl groups having 7 to 12 carbon atoms such as benzyl group, phenylethyl group, phenylpropyl group, phenylbutyl group, phenylpentyl group, and phenylhexyl group (these alkyl groups may be linear or branched). May be used).

The hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms represented by R ^{26 to} R ³¹ is preferably an alkyl group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms or an aryl group having 6 to 24 carbon atoms, more preferably 3 to 3 carbon atoms. An alkyl group having 18 carbon atoms, more preferably an alkyl group having 4 to 12 carbon atoms.

R ²⁶ , R ²⁷ and R ²⁸ may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or the above hydrocarbon group. Among R ²⁶ , R ²⁷ and R ²⁸ , 1 to 3 are the above hydrocarbon groups. It is preferable that 1 to 2 is the above hydrocarbon group, and more preferably 2 is the above hydrocarbon group.

R ²⁹ , R ³⁰ and R ³¹ may be the same or different and each represents a hydrogen atom or the above hydrocarbon group. Among R ²⁹ , R ³⁰ and R ³¹ , 1 to 3 are the above hydrocarbons. It is preferably a group, 1 to 2 are more preferably the hydrocarbon group, and 2 are more preferably the hydrocarbon group.

In the general formula (10) phosphorus compounds represented by, at least two of X ³ to X ⁵ is required to be an oxygen atom, that all X ³ to X ⁵ is an oxygen atom preferable.

In the phosphorus compound represented by the general formula (11), at least three of X ^{6 to} X ⁹ are required to be oxygen atoms, but all of X ^{6 to} X ⁹ are oxygen atoms. It is preferable.

  Examples of the phosphorus compound represented by the general formula (10) include phosphorous acid and monothiophosphorous acid; phosphorous acid monoester having one hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms and monothiophosphorous acid mono Ester; Phosphorous acid diester having two hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, monothiophosphorous acid diester; Phosphorous acid triester having three hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms, monothiophosphorous acid Acid triesters; and mixtures thereof. Among these, phosphorous acid monoester and phosphorous acid diester are preferable, and phosphorous acid diester is more preferable.

  Examples of the phosphorus compound represented by the general formula (11) include phosphoric acid and monothiophosphoric acid; phosphoric acid monoester and monothiophosphoric acid monoester having one hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; And phosphoric acid diesters and monothiophosphoric acid diesters having two hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; phosphoric acid triesters and monothiophosphoric acid triesters having three hydrocarbon groups having 1 to 30 carbon atoms; and mixtures thereof. It is done. Among these, phosphoric acid monoester and phosphoric acid diester are preferable, and phosphoric acid diester is more preferable.

  Examples of the metal salt of the phosphorus compound represented by the general formula (10) or (11) include a salt obtained by neutralizing part or all of the acidic hydrogen of the phosphorus compound with a metal base. Examples of such metal bases include metal oxides, metal hydroxides, metal carbonates, metal chlorides and the like. Specific examples of the metal include alkali metals such as lithium, sodium, potassium, cesium, and calcium. And alkaline earth metals such as magnesium and barium, and heavy metals such as zinc, copper, iron, lead, nickel, silver, and manganese. Among these, alkaline earth metals such as calcium and magnesium and zinc are preferable.

  The metal salt of the phosphorus compound has a different structure depending on the valence of the metal and the number of OH groups or SH groups of the phosphorus compound. Therefore, the structure is not limited at all. For example, 1 mol of zinc oxide and phosphoric acid diester ( When 1 mol of OH group is reacted, a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (12) is considered to be obtained as a main component, but a polymerized molecule is also considered to exist (formula R represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms).

  In addition, for example, when 1 mol of zinc oxide and 1 mol of phosphoric acid monoester (two OH groups) are reacted, a compound having a structure represented by the following formula (13) is considered to be obtained as a main component. It is considered that polymerized molecules also exist (R in the formula represents a hydrocarbon group having 1 to 30 carbon atoms).

  In the present invention, one of the above phosphorus compounds may be used alone, or two or more may be used in combination. Among the phosphorous compounds, phosphoric acid esters, acidic phosphoric acid esters, and amine salts of acidic phosphoric acid esters are preferable because high positioning accuracy can be obtained.

  Further, the lubricating oil used in the present invention may contain only one of a sulfur compound or a phosphorus compound, or may contain both. From the viewpoint of obtaining high positioning accuracy, it is preferable to contain a phosphorus compound or both a sulfur compound and a phosphorus compound, and more preferably to contain both a sulfur compound and a phosphorus compound.

  Although the content of the extreme pressure agent is arbitrary, it is preferably 0.005% by mass or more and more preferably 0.01% by mass or more based on the total amount of the lubricating oil from the viewpoint of obtaining high positioning accuracy. Preferably, it is still more preferably 0.05% by mass or more. From the viewpoint of preventing corrosion, the content of the extreme pressure agent is preferably 15% by mass or less, more preferably 10% by mass or less, and more preferably 7% by mass or less, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil. Even more preferred.

  In the present invention, only one of the above-mentioned oily agent or extreme pressure agent may be used, but it is preferable to use the oily agent and the extreme pressure agent in combination from the viewpoint of obtaining high positioning accuracy.

  Moreover, it is preferable that the lubricating oil used in the present invention contains an organic acid salt from the viewpoint of obtaining high positioning accuracy. As the organic acid salt, sulfonate, phenate, salicylate, and a mixture thereof are preferably used. The positive components of these organic acid salts include alkali metals such as sodium and potassium; alkaline earth metals such as magnesium, calcium and barium; ammonia and alkylamines having 1 to 3 carbon atoms (monomethylamine, dimethyl). Amines, trimethylamines, monoethylamines, diethylamines, triethylamines, monopropylamines, dipropylamines, tripropylamines, etc.), alkanolamines having an alkanol group having 1 to 3 carbon atoms (monomethanolamine, dimethanolamine, trimethanolamine, Monoethanolamine, diethanolamine, triethanolamine, monopropanolamine, dipropanolamine, tripropanolamine etc.) such as amine, zinc, etc. But the alkali metal or alkaline earth metals are preferred, calcium is particularly preferred. When the positive component of the organic acid salt is an alkali metal or alkaline earth metal, higher lubricity tends to be obtained.

  As the sulfonate, one produced by any method can be used. For example, alkali metal salts, alkaline earth metal salts, amine salts and mixtures of alkyl aromatic sulfonic acids obtained by sulfonating alkyl aromatic compounds having a molecular weight of 100 to 1500, preferably 200 to 700 are used. it can. As the alkyl aromatic sulfonic acid here, generally, a sulfonated alkyl aromatic compound of a lubricating oil fraction of mineral oil, a petroleum sulfonic acid such as so-called mahogany acid, which is produced as a by-product during white oil production, and a detergent Sulfurized alkylbenzene having linear or branched alkyl groups obtained by by-production from the raw material alkylbenzene production plant or alkylating polyolefin to benzene, or alkylnaphthalene such as dinonylnaphthalene And synthetic sulfonic acids such as those obtained by sulfonation of In addition, the above alkyl aromatic sulfonic acid and an alkali metal base (such as an alkali metal oxide or hydroxide), an alkaline earth metal base (such as an alkaline earth metal oxide or hydroxide), or the above-mentioned So-called neutral (normal salt) sulfonates obtained by reacting with amines (ammonia, alkylamines, alkanolamines, etc.); neutral (normal salt) sulfonates, excess alkali metal bases, alkaline earth metal bases Or a so-called basic sulfonate obtained by heating an amine in the presence of water; reacting a neutral (normal salt) sulfonate with an alkali metal base, an alkaline earth metal base or an amine in the presence of carbon dioxide. So-called carbonate overbased (superbasic) sulfonates obtained by: neutral (normal salt) sulfonates with alkali metal salts React with alkaline earth metal bases or amines and boric acid compounds such as boric acid or anhydrous boric acid, or borate compounds such as carbonate overbased (superbasic) sulfonate and boric acid or boric anhydride And so-called borate overbased (superbasic) sulfonates prepared by reacting with each other; and mixtures thereof.

  Further, as the phenate, specifically, in the presence or absence of elemental sulfur, an alkylphenol having 1 to 2 alkyl groups having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and an alkali metal base (alkali metal oxide or Hydroxides), alkaline earth metal bases (alkaline earth metal oxides, hydroxides, etc.) or neutrals obtained by reacting with the amines mentioned above (ammonia, alkylamines, alkanolamines, etc.). Phenates; neutral phenates and excess alkali metal bases, alkaline earth metal bases or amines obtained by heating in the presence of water, so-called basic phenates; neutral phenates in the presence of carbon dioxide So-called carbonate overbasing, obtained by reacting with metal bases, alkaline earth metal bases or amines Superbasic) phenates; neutral phenates react with alkali metal bases, alkaline earth metal bases or amines and boric acid compounds such as boric acid or boric anhydride, or carbonate overbased (superbasic) And so-called borate overbased (superbasic) phenates produced by reacting phenates with boric acid compounds such as boric acid or boric anhydride; and mixtures thereof.

  Further, as the salicylate, specifically, an alkyl salicylic acid having 1 to 2 alkyl groups having 4 to 20 carbon atoms and an alkali metal base (alkali metal oxide) in the presence or absence of elemental sulfur. And hydroxides), alkaline earth metal bases (alkaline earth metal oxides and hydroxides) or amines mentioned above (ammonia, alkylamines, alkanolamines, etc.) So-called basic salicylate obtained by heating neutral salicylate and excess alkali metal base, alkaline earth metal base or amine in the presence of water; neutral salicylate in the presence of carbon dioxide gas So-called carbonic acid obtained by reacting with an alkali metal base, an alkaline earth metal base or an amine Overbased (superbasic) salicylates; neutral salicylates react with alkali metal bases, alkaline earth metal bases or amines and boric acid compounds such as boric acid or boric anhydride, or carbonate overbased Examples include so-called borate overbased (superbasic) salicylates produced by reacting (superbasic) metal salicylates with boric acid compounds such as boric acid or anhydrous boric acid; and mixtures thereof.

  The base number of the organic acid salt is preferably 50 to 500 mgKOH / g, more preferably 100 to 450 mgKOH / g. When the base number of the organic acid salt is less than 100 mgKOH / g, the lubricity improving effect due to the addition of the organic acid salt tends to be insufficient. On the other hand, the organic acid salt having a base number exceeding 500 mgKOH / g is usually Each is not preferable because it is very difficult to manufacture and difficult to obtain. The base number referred to here is 7. JIS K 2501 “Petroleum products and lubricants—neutralization number test method”. The base number [mgKOH / g] by the perchloric acid method measured according to the above.

  The content of the organic acid salt is preferably 0.1 to 30% by mass, more preferably 0.5 to 25% by mass, and further preferably 1 to 20% by mass, based on the total amount of the lubricating oil. is there. When the content of the organic acid salt is less than the lower limit value, the effect of improving the positioning accuracy due to the addition tends to be insufficient. On the other hand, when the content exceeds the upper limit value, the stability of the oil composition is lowered and precipitate Tends to occur.

  In the present invention, the organic acid salt may be used alone, or the organic acid salt and other additives may be used in combination. From the standpoint of obtaining high positioning accuracy, it is preferable to use an organic acid salt in combination with the above extreme pressure agent, and it is particularly preferable to use a combination of three types of sulfur compounds, phosphorus compounds and organic acid salts.

  In addition, the lubricating oil used in the present invention preferably further contains an antioxidant. Addition of an antioxidant can improve the thermal and oxidation stability of the composition.

  Examples of the antioxidant include phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants, zinc dithiophosphate antioxidants, and those used as other food additives.

［式（１４）中、Ｒ^３２は炭素数１〜４のアルキル基を示し、Ｒ^３３は水素原子または炭素数１〜４のアルキル基を示し、Ｒ^３４は水素原子、炭素数１〜４のアルキル基、下記一般式（ｉ）または（ｉｉ）：

（一般式（ｉ）中、Ｒ^３５は炭素数１〜６のアルキレン基を示し、Ｒ^３６は炭素数１〜２４のアルキル基またはアルケニル基を示す。）

（一般式（ｉｉ）中、Ｒ^３７は炭素数１〜６のアルキレン基を示し、Ｒ^３８は炭素数１〜４のアルキル基を示し、Ｒ^３９は水素原子または炭素数１〜４のアルキル基を示し、ｋは０または１を示す。）
で表される基を示す。］

［一般式（１５）中、Ｒ^４０およびＲ^４２は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ炭素数１〜４のアルキル基を示し、Ｒ^４１およびＲ^４３は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ水素原子または炭素数１〜４のアルキル基を示し、Ｒ^４４およびＲ^４５は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ炭素数１〜６のアルキレン基を示し、Ａは炭素数１〜１８のアルキレン基または下記の一般式（ｉｉｉ）：
−Ｒ^４６−Ｓ−Ｒ^４７− （ｉｉｉ）
（一般式（ｉｉｉ）中、Ｒ^４６およびＲ^４７は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれ炭素数１〜６のアルキレン基を示す）
で表される基を示す。］ As the phenolic antioxidant, any phenolic compound used as an antioxidant for lubricating oil can be used, and is not particularly limited. For example, the following general formula (14) and general formula (15) Preferred examples include one or more alkylphenol compounds selected from the compounds represented by formula (1).

[In the formula (14), R ³² represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R ³³ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R ³⁴ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. An alkyl group, the following general formula (i) or (ii):

(In the general formula (i), R ³⁵ represents an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and R ³⁶ represents an alkyl group or alkenyl group having 1 to 24 carbon atoms.)

(In general formula (ii), R ³⁷ represents an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, R ³⁸ represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, and R ³⁹ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms. And k represents 0 or 1.)
The group represented by these is shown. ]

[In General Formula (15), R ⁴⁰ and R ⁴² may be the same or different and each represents an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms; R ⁴¹ and R ⁴³ may be the same or different; Represents an atom or an alkyl group having 1 to 4 carbon atoms, R ⁴⁴ and R ⁴⁵ may be the same or different, each represents an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms, and A represents an alkylene group having 1 to 18 carbon atoms or The following general formula (iii):
-R ⁴⁶ -S-R ^47- (iii)
(In general formula (iii), R ⁴⁶ and R ⁴⁷ may be the same or different and each represents an alkylene group having 1 to 6 carbon atoms)
The group represented by these is shown. ]

［式（１６）中、Ｒ^４８は水素原子またはアルキル基を示す。］

［式（１７）中、Ｒ^４９およびＲ^５０は同一でも異なっていてもよく、それぞれアルキル基を示す。］ As the amine-based antioxidant used in the present invention, any amine-based compound used as an antioxidant for lubricating oil can be used, and is not particularly limited. For example, the following general formula ( 16) One or two selected from phenyl-α-naphthylamine or Np-alkylphenyl-α-naphthylamine represented by 16) and p, p′-dialkyldiphenylamine represented by the following general formula (17) More than one type of aromatic amine is preferred.

[In the formula (16), R ⁴⁸ represents a hydrogen atom or an alkyl group. ]

Wherein ^{(17), R 49} and ^{R 50} is may be the same or different, an alkyl group, respectively. ]

  Specific examples of amine-based antioxidants include 4-butyl-4'-octyldiphenylamine, phenyl-α-naphthylamine, octylphenyl-α-naphthylamine, dodecylphenyl-α-naphthylamine, and mixtures thereof.

  Specific examples of the zinc dithiophosphate antioxidant used in the present invention include zinc dithiophosphate represented by the general formula (6).

  Moreover, the antioxidant currently used as a food additive can also be used, and although it overlaps with the phenolic antioxidant mentioned above partially, for example, for example, 2,6-di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (DBPC), 4,4′-methylenebis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 4,4′-bis (2,6-di-tert-butylphenol), 4,4′-thiobis (6-tert) -Butyl-o-cresol), ascorbic acid (vitamin C), fatty acid ester of ascorbic acid, tocopherol (vitamin E), 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 2-tert-butyl-4- Hydroxyanisole, 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 1,2-dihydro-6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trime Rukinorin (ethoxyquin), 2- (1,1-dimethyl) -1,4-benzenediol (TBHQ), can be mentioned 2,4,5-hydroxybutyronitrile phenone (THBP).

  Among these antioxidants, phenolic antioxidants, amine antioxidants, and antioxidants used as food additives are preferable. Furthermore, when emphasizing biodegradability, what is used as the said food additive is more preferable, and among them, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), fatty acid ester of ascorbic acid, tocopherol (vitamin E), 2,6- Di-tert-butyl-p-cresol (DBPC), 3,5-di-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 2-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 3-tert-butyl-4-hydroxyanisole, 1,2-dihydro-6-ethoxy-2,2,4-trimethylquinoline (ethoxyquin), 2- (1,1-dimethyl) -1,4-benzenediol (TBHQ), or 2,4,5-tri Hydroxybutyrophenone (THBP) is preferred, ascorbic acid (vitamin C), fatty acid of ascorbic acid Ester, tocopherol (vitamin E), 2,6-di -tert- butyl -p- cresol (DBPC), or 3,5-di -tert- butyl-4-hydroxyanisole are more preferred.

  The content of the antioxidant is not particularly limited, but in order to maintain good heat / oxidation stability, the content is preferably 0.01% by mass or more based on the total amount of the lubricating oil, and more preferably 0.05%. % By mass or more, most preferably 0.1% by mass or more. On the other hand, since the effect cannot be expected even if it is added more, the content is preferably 10% by mass or less, more preferably 5% by mass or less, and most preferably 3% by mass or less.

  Moreover, the lubricating oil used in the present invention can contain conventionally known additives other than those described above. Examples of such additives include extreme pressure agents other than the above-described phosphorus compounds and sulfur compounds (including chlorine-based extreme pressure agents); wetting agents such as diethylene glycol monoalkyl ether; water displacement agents such as fatty acid amine salts; amines, Corrosion inhibitors such as amide, carboxylic acid, carboxylate, sulfonate, phosphoric acid, phosphate, partial ester of polyhydric alcohol; metal deactivators such as benzotriazole and thiadiazole; methyl silicone, fluorosilicone, Antifoaming agents such as polyacrylate; ashless dispersants such as alkenyl succinimide, benzylamine, polyalkenylamine aminoamide; beef tallow, lard, rapeseed oil, soybean oil, coconut oil, palm oil, nuka oil and hydrogenation thereof Oils and fats; antirust agents such as aliphatic amides and aromatic carboxylic acids; thiazoles, isothiazoles, And the like are; phenol-based, preservative halogen-based or. The content when these known additives are used in combination is not particularly limited, but is added in such an amount that the total content of these known additives is 0.1 to 10% by mass based on the total amount of the lubricating oil. Is preferred.

  In the rolling guide surface lubricating method of the present invention, the rolling bearing is filled with 0.005 to 1.0% by volume of lubricating oil based on the bearing space volume to lubricate the rolling guide surface. The filling amount of the lubricating oil is preferably 0.01 to 0.8% by volume, more preferably 0.01 to 0.5 volume. If the filling amount of the lubricating oil is less than the lower limit, not only the lubrication is poor and the frictional resistance is increased, but also the bearing life may be reduced. Moreover, if the filling amount of lubricating oil exceeds the said upper limit, frictional resistance will increase and positioning accuracy will deteriorate.

  The method of filling the rolling bearing with the lubricating oil is not particularly limited, but a preferable filling method includes a method of injecting the lubricating oil into the bearing space of the rolling bearing using a microsyringe or the like.

  The rolling guide surface lubrication method of the present invention can be applied to a table guide mechanism of a machining center, and further to a rolling guide surface of each part in other machine tools or industrial machines. Further, the rolling guide mechanism may be either a linear guide mechanism or a swivel guide mechanism using a turning rolling bearing.

  EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although this invention is demonstrated more concretely based on an Example and a comparative example, this invention is not limited to a following example at all.

[Examples 1 to 9, Comparative Examples 1 to 10]
In Examples 1-9 and Comparative Examples 1-9, lubricating oils were prepared using the following base oils, respectively, and subjected to a lubricity test described later. Further, as Comparative Example 10, a lubricity test was performed in a dry state without using grease.
(Base oil)
Ester A: Diisodecyl adipate (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 14 mm ² / s)
Ester B: Trimethylolpropane trioleate and neopentyl glycol dioleate mixture (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 32 mm ² / s)
Ester C: pentaerythritol tetraoleate (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 68 mm ² / s)
Ester D: Complex ester (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 220 mm ² / s)
PAO A: poly-α-olefin (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 32 mm ² / s)
PAO B: Poly-α-olefin (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 68 mm ² / s)
Ether A: Polypropylene glycol monobutyl ether (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 32 mm ² / s)
Ether B: Polypropylene glycol monobutyl ether (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 68 mm ² / s)
Polybutene A: Polybutene (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 32 mm ² / s)
Polybutene B: Polybutene (kinematic viscosity at 40 ° C .: 68 mm ² / s)

[Lubricity test]
In this test, a thrust ball bearing that holds 15 balls (material JIS SUJ2) having a diameter of 5/16 inch with two holding bodies (each having an outer diameter of 52 mm and an inner diameter of 30 mm) was used as the rolling bearing. First, after disassembling the thrust ball bearing and cleaning each member, the thrust ball bearing was assembled and held so that the holding body was horizontal. When assembling the thrust ball bearing, only three of the 15 balls were used, and the three balls were arranged at equal intervals. Then, after injecting a predetermined amount of lubricating oil into the bearing space of the rolling bearing using a microsyringe, a load of 7.05 N is applied from the side of the upper holding body, and the lower holding body is moved to a peripheral speed of 0.07 m / s. Or it rotated on the conditions of 1.0 m / s, and measured the rotational moment (friction moment) which generate | occur | produces in the upper side holding body at this time with the torque meter. The obtained results are shown in Tables 1 to 4.

Claims (1)

A rolling guide surface lubrication method characterized in that a rolling bearing is filled with 0.005 to 1.0% by volume of lubricating oil based on a bearing space volume and lubricates the rolling guide surface.