JP2008247164A - Electric switch - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an electric switch capable of reducing deterioration or a load on a contact point by preventing a momentary large current from flowing to the contact point of the switch for blocking a motor driving circuit when an opening/closing lid of a handle insertion port for securing the safety of handle operation is opened. <P>SOLUTION: The electric switch 10 comprises a detection switch 15b switched from an on-state to an off-state when the opening/closing lid 14 for opening and closing the handle insertion port 13 to which a handle for manually driving the switch 10 is inserted is opened to a first stage, an electric source blocking switch 15a switched from an on-state to an off-state when the opening/closing lid 14 is further opened to a second stage, and a motor control circuit 21 controlling the motor driving circuit 22 for supplying driving power to a motor 19 via the electric source blocking switch 15a. The motor control circuit 21 controls to stop driving the motor 19 by the motor driving circuit 22 while the detection switch 15b is turned off detecting that the opening/closing lid 14 is on the opening side from the first stage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electric switch, and more particularly, to an electric switch having a function of ensuring the safety of a manual operation by disabling a conversion operation by electric drive during the manual operation.

  Electric switchboards used to switch track-orientation equipment are equipped with a mechanism for the operator to manually rotate using the handle, and conversion control is erroneously input from the host device during the manual rotation operation. However, a safety device (see, for example, Patent Document 1) that ensures the safety of manual operation by disabling the switching operation by electric drive is indispensable.

  As shown in FIGS. 3 and 4, a conventional handwheel safety device 100 for an electric switch is provided with an opening / closing lid 102 covering a handle insertion port 101 provided in the electric switch, and an electric switch. The switch 105 is inserted in the power supply circuit 104 of the built-in motor 103 and mechanically interlocked with the opening / closing lid 102.

  In this safety device 100, as shown in FIG. 4A, when the opening / closing lid 102 covers the handle insertion port 101, the switch 105 is turned on (0 stage) and the motor 103 is operated according to the control from the host device. The drive is ready. At this time, the handle cannot be inserted into the handle insertion port 101, and when the conversion control is input from the host device, the electric switch drives the motor 103 by supplying power through the switch 105 in the ON state and performs the conversion operation. I do.

  As shown in FIG. 4B, when the opening / closing lid 102 is rotated in the opening direction to open the handle insertion slot 101, the switch 105 is turned off (one step) in conjunction with the rotation operation of the opening / closing lid 102. Circuit 104 is shut off. At this time, a handle is inserted into the handle insertion port 101 so that the electric turning machine can be manually operated. Even if a conversion control is erroneously input from the host device during the manual operation, the motor 103 is shut off by the switch 105. Will not be driven, so it can be safely operated manually.

Japanese Examined Patent Publication No. 3-79220

  In the electric switch, the opening / closing lid may be opened during operation of the motor for handling, for example, the opening / closing lid may be opened instead of an emergency stop switch. If the open / close lid is opened during the operation of the motor, a large current instantaneously flows through the contact when the switch is turned off, which adversely affects the contact life. In addition, if the lid is closed while control of the direction to switch the electric switch is input from the host device, the motor starts simultaneously with the configuration of the switch contact by this lid, in that case In addition, a large current flows instantaneously through the switch contacts. For this reason, measures such as the use of expensive contact materials that can withstand momentary large currents and the enlargement of the contacts have been forced.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and in order to ensure the safety of the handle operation, the switch contact point that interrupts the motor drive circuit with the opening of the opening / closing cover of the handle insertion opening is momentarily applied. An object of the present invention is to provide an electric switch that can reduce the deterioration and burden of contacts by preventing a large current from flowing.

  The gist of the present invention for achieving the object lies in the inventions of the following items.

[1] a motor that drives a switching mechanism of the orbital branching device;
An insertion slot into which a handle for manually driving the conversion mechanism is inserted;
An open / close lid that is displaced between a closed position for closing the insertion port and an open position for allowing the insertion port to be inserted into the handle;
An open / close sensor for detecting whether the open / close lid is closer to the open position than the closed position and is on the open side from the first position where the handle cannot be inserted into the insertion port;
The contact is turned on / off in conjunction with the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing lid, and the opening / closing lid is opened from the second position closer to the open position than the first position and the handle cannot be inserted into the insertion port. The contact is turned off when the switch is open, and the contact is turned on when the open / close lid is closed from the second position;
A drive circuit for supplying drive power to the motor via the contacts of the switch;
A control unit that controls driving of the motor by the driving circuit;
With
The controller is configured to stop the drive of the motor by the drive circuit while the open / close sensor detects that the open / close lid is on the open side from the first position. Tetsu machine.

  In the above invention, when opening the opening / closing lid, when the opening / closing lid is closer to the opening position than the closing position and is on the opening side from the first position where the handle cannot be inserted into the insertion port, this is detected by the opening / closing sensor, The control unit controls to stop the driving of the motor by the driving circuit. This stop control stops power transmission to the switch.

  When the opening / closing lid is closer to the open position than the first position and is opened from the second position where the handle cannot be inserted into the insertion port, the contact of the switch is turned off. At this time, since the power transmission to the switch has already been stopped, the contact is turned off in a state where no current flows.

  When the opening / closing lid is further opened than the second position and the handle can be inserted into the insertion slot, the contact of the switch is turned off and power transmission to the motor is cut off, so that the motor is driven to perform the conversion operation. Never do. Therefore, the safety of the operation when the handle is inserted into the insertion port and the conversion mechanism is driven manually is ensured.

  When closing the open / close lid, when the open / close lid exceeds the second position, the contact of the switch is switched from OFF to ON. At this time, since the open / close lid is still on the open side from the first position, the motor through the switch The contact is turned on when power transmission to is stopped.

  After that, when the open / close lid is closed from the first position, this is detected by the open / close sensor (a non-detection state of being on the open side from the first position), and the control unit controls the drive of the motor according to the control input. To start. By this drive control, power transmission through the switch from the drive circuit to the motor is started, and a current flows through the contact of the switch. At this time, since the contact is already turned on, a current starts to flow when the contact is on.

  Thus, when opening the opening / closing lid, the opening operation of the opening / closing lid is detected at the first position closer to the closing position than the second position where the contact of the switch is turned off, and power transmission to the motor via the switch is stopped. To do. When closing the open / close lid, the contact of the switch is turned on at the second position and the power transmission stop is released when the open / close lid is closed to the first position, so that no current flows through the switch when the switch is on / off. In addition, an instantaneous large current does not flow through the contact point as the switch is turned on / off. This makes it possible to increase the durability and prevent the occurrence of contact failure without making the switch contacts expensive and large enough to withstand momentary large currents. And can be made compact.

[2] The open / close sensor is a second switch whose contact is turned on / off in conjunction with whether the open / close lid is on the open side from the first position,
The said control part discriminate | determines whether the said opening-and-closing lid | cover is an open | release side rather than the said 1st position by the energization state of the circuit in which the said 2nd switch was inserted. [1] It is characterized by the above-mentioned. Electric turning machine.

  In the above invention, a switch (second switch) that mechanically detects the position of the opening / closing lid in conjunction with the opening / closing lid has higher reliability than a sensor that electrically detects the position of the opening / closing lid. can get. Further, the entire switch can be made compact by unitizing the second switch with a switch that opens and closes at the second position.

  According to the present invention, when the opening / closing lid of the handle insertion opening is opened, the switch is inserted at a first position closer to the closing side than the second position at which the contact of the switch inserted between the motor and its drive circuit is turned off. The opening operation of the opening / closing lid is detected promptly and power transmission to the motor is stopped. When closing the open / close lid, the contact of the switch is turned on at the second position, and the power transmission stop is released when the open / close lid is closed to the first position. No current flows through the switch when the switch is turned on and off, and no instantaneous large current flows through the contact when the switch is turned on or off, so it is possible to use inexpensive contact materials and reduce the size of the contact become.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows a configuration of an electric switch 10 according to an embodiment of the present invention and a safety device 11 for ensuring the safety of operation when the electric switch 10 is manually driven. Yes.

  The electric switch 10 is a device for switching a track branching device for changing the course of a train. The switch switch main body 12 and a handle for manual operation (hand-turning) on the switch switch main body 12. A handle insertion port 13 for inserting a handle, an opening / closing lid 14 for opening and closing the handle insertion port 13, a switch unit 15 for turning on / off in conjunction with the opening / closing lid 14, and a motor in which the switch unit 15 is inserted A power supply circuit 16 and a switch detection circuit 17 and a motor controller 18 connected to the motor power supply circuit 16 and the switch detection circuit 17 are provided. The switch body 12 includes a casing that forms the outline of the switch machine body 12, and a motor 19 and an operating mechanism (not shown) are operated inside the casing by the power from the motor 19 to branch the track. A conversion mechanism 20 for switching the device is accommodated, and further, a motor power supply circuit 16, a switch detection circuit 17, and a motor controller 18 are also accommodated.

  In the present embodiment, the electric switch 10 will be described with a configuration including the safety device 11, but the motor controller 18 may be configured to be provided outside the switch main body 12. The motor 19 may be configured as a servo motor having a motor controller 18.

  The motor controller 18 includes a motor control circuit 21 and a motor drive circuit 22, and is connected to a power source 23. The motor controller 18 is supplied with power for operating the motor controller 18 and power for driving the motor 19 from the power source 23.

  The motor control circuit 21 includes a CPU (Central Processing Unit) 24, and a control signal S from the host is input to the CPU 24. The CPU 24 controls the motor drive circuit 22 according to a program stored in advance. The motor drive circuit 22 is controlled by the CPU 24 to supply and stop power supply to the motor 19 to drive and control the motor 19.

  A motor power supply circuit 16 is configured between the motor drive circuit 22 and the motor 19. The switch detection circuit 17 is connected to the motor control circuit 21.

  The switch unit 15 includes a multi-stage, multi-contact cam switch and the like, and includes a power cut-off switch 15a (switch) inserted in the motor power supply circuit 16 and a detection switch 15b inserted in the switch detection circuit 17. (Opening / closing sensor / second switch). Power supply from the motor drive circuit 22 to the motor 19 is performed through the motor power supply circuit 16 in which the power cut-off switch 15a is inserted.

  The motor 19 is configured by a three-phase (U-phase, V-phase, W-phase) AC motor, and generates power by rotating the shaft 19a by supplying power. A conversion mechanism 20 is connected to the shaft 19 a of the motor 19, and the conversion mechanism 20 operates an operation mechanism (not shown) by the power from the motor 19. Further, the conversion mechanism 20 is also provided with a manual mechanism for manually operating the operation mechanism. The electric switch 10 changes the orbital device by this operation.

  A handle insertion port 13 is formed on the upper surface of the casing of the switch body 12 so as to be located above the conversion mechanism 20, and an opening / closing lid 14 is attached to the handle insertion port 13. Yes. The opening / closing lid 14 is attached to the upper surface of the case body of the switch machine body 12 so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction, and a closed position for closing the handle insertion opening 13 and an open position for opening it. (In the direction of arrow A in FIG. 1). When the opening / closing lid 14 is opened and the handle insertion port 13 is opened, the handle insertion port 13 can be inserted with the distal end portion of the handle for manually driving the conversion mechanism 20. When the distal end portion of the handle is inserted into the handle insertion port 13, the distal end portion is connected to the manual mechanism of the conversion mechanism 20, and when the handle is rotated, the operation mechanism is operated by the manual mechanism. The open / close lid 14 is connected to the switch unit 15, and the power cut-off switch 15 a and the detection switch 15 b are switched on / off according to the rotation angle of the open / close lid 14.

  FIG. 2 shows the relationship between the open / close position (rotation angle) of the open / close lid 14 and the on / off switching of the switch unit 15.

  The opening / closing lid 14 includes a disk-shaped lid body 14a and a connecting portion 14b protruding from the outer periphery of the lid body 14a, and the connecting portion 14b is pivotally supported so as to be rotatable in the horizontal direction. . The switch unit 15 is connected to the connecting portion 14b of the opening / closing lid 14, and the power shut-off switch 15a and the detection switch 15b are switched from on to off when the opening / closing lid 14 is rotated in the opening direction from the closed position. When the lid 14 is rotated in the closing direction from the open position, it is switched from off to on.

  Specifically, as shown in FIG. 2A, in the closed position (step 0) where the opening / closing lid 14 completely covers the handle insertion port 13, the power shut-off switch 15a (contact 3-4 / contact 5-6) is used. / Contact 7-8) and detection switch 15b (contact 1-2) are both turned on.

  When the opening / closing lid 14 is rotated in the opening direction from the closed position and the opening / closing lid 14 is opened to the first level (notch) as shown in FIG. 2B, the power shut-off switch 15a remains on. Thus, the detection switch 15b (contact point 1-2) is switched off. This one-stage opening angle is an angle at which the opening / closing lid 14 is slightly opened from the closed position. In this one-stage, most of the handle insertion port 13 is covered by the opening / closing lid 14. Can not be inserted.

  As shown in FIG. 2C, when the opening / closing lid 14 is further opened to the second stage (notch), the power shut-off switch 15a (contact 3-4 / contact 5-6 / contact 7-8) is also turned off. Switch. This two-stage opening angle is an angle at which the opening / closing lid 14 is opened slightly before it is completely opened. In these two stages, most of the handle insertion opening 13 is opened. It cannot be inserted.

  If the opening / closing lid 14 is moved to the open position where the handle insertion port 13 is completely opened by rotating the opening / closing lid 14 slightly in the opening direction from these two stages, the handle can be inserted into the handle insertion port 13. Become.

  Further, when closing the opening / closing lid 14, the power shut-off switch 15a and the detection switch 15b are switched from OFF to ON in the reverse order to that at the time of opening. That is, when the opening / closing lid 14 is closed to a position exceeding the second stage from the open position, the power cut-off switch 15a is switched from OFF to ON, and when the opening / closing lid 14 is further closed to a position exceeding the first stage, the detection switch 15b. Will switch from off to on.

  Further, when the detection switch 15b is turned off and the switch detection circuit 17 is cut off, the motor control circuit 21 detects this. The CPU 24 controls the motor drive circuit 22 in accordance with the control signal S from the host. However, the motor drive circuit 22 stops (servo-off) the motor 19 regardless of the control signal S while the switch detection circuit 17 is cut off. A control command is output to 22.

  Next, the operation of the electric switch 10 including the safety device 11 according to the present embodiment will be described.

  When opening the opening / closing lid 14 of the electric switch 10, when the opening / closing lid 14 is opened to the first stage (first position), the detection switch 15b is switched from on to off, and the switch detection circuit 17 is switched on. The motor control circuit 21 that shuts off and detects this outputs a control command for stopping the motor 19 to the motor drive circuit 22. Upon receiving this control command, the motor drive circuit 22 stops supplying power to the motor 19.

  Further, when the opening / closing lid 14 is opened to the second stage (second position), the power cut-off switch 15a is switched from on to off. Since power transmission to the motor 19 has already been stopped at this time, the contact 3-4, contact 5-6, and contact 7-8 of the power cut-off switch 15a are turned off in a state where no current flows.

  When the opening / closing lid 14 is further opened than the second stage so that the handle can be inserted into the handle insertion opening 13, the power shut-off switch 15a is turned off and the motor power circuit 16 is shut off. The ten motors 19 are driven and the conversion operation is not performed. Therefore, the safety of the operation when the handle is inserted into the handle insertion port 13 and the electric switch 10 is manually driven is ensured.

  When closing the open / close lid 14, the power shut-off switch 15a switches from off to on when the open / close lid 14 exceeds the second stage, but at this time, the open / close lid 14 is still on the open side from the first stage. The contact (3-4 / 5-6 / 7-8) is turned on in a state where the motor control circuit 21 is controlling the motor 19 to stop and power transmission to the power cut-off switch 15a is stopped.

  After that, when the opening / closing lid 14 is closed from the first stage, the detection switch 15b is switched from OFF to ON, and the switch detection circuit 17 is configured. The motor control circuit 21 that detects this is in accordance with control from the host device. A control command for driving the motor 19 is output to the motor drive circuit 22. Upon receiving this control command, the motor drive circuit 22 supplies electric power to the motor 19, power transmission to the motor power supply circuit 16 is started, and current flows through the power cut-off switch 15 a. At this time, since the contact point of the power cut-off switch 15a is already turned on, current flows out in the power-off switch 15a with the contact point turned on.

  As described above, in the present embodiment, when the opening / closing lid 14 of the electric switch 10 is opened, the opening / closing lid in the first stage on the closing side rather than the second stage in which the contact of the power cutoff switch 15a is turned off. 14 is quickly detected, and power transmission to the motor power supply circuit 16 in which the power cut-off switch 15a is inserted is stopped. When closing the open / close lid 14, the contact of the power cut-off switch 15a is turned on at the second stage, and when the open / close lid 14 is closed to the first stage, the power transmission stop is released, so the power cut-off switch 15a is turned on / off. Sometimes, no current flows through the power cut-off switch 15a, and an instantaneous large current does not flow through the contact point when the power cut-off switch 15a is turned on / off. As a result, even if the contact point of the power cut-off switch 15a is not made of an expensive material or a large size that can withstand a momentary large current, the durability can be improved and the occurrence of contact failure can be prevented. It can be formed of a material or can be made compact.

  In the present embodiment, the open / close sensor for detecting that the open / close lid 14 has been opened to the first stage is configured by a detection switch 15b that mechanically detects the position in conjunction with the open / close lid 14. Therefore, for example, higher reliability can be obtained than a sensor that electrically detects the position of the opening / closing lid 14. Further, as in the present embodiment, the detection switch 15b and the power cut-off switch 15a are unitized to form the switch unit 15, whereby the entire switch can be reduced in size.

  When it is desired to detect the disconnection of the motor power supply circuit 16 as a failure, it is possible to distinguish between the handling (opening) of the opening / closing lid 14 and the disconnection of the motor power supply circuit 16 by turning on / off the detection switch 15b. That is, if the motor 19 does not operate even if a control command is output so as to drive the motor 19 with the detection switch 15b turned on (the opening / closing lid 14 is closed), the motor 19 has failed or the motor power supply circuit 16 has failed. It can be determined that this is a disconnection.

  Although the embodiments and examples of the present invention have been described with reference to the drawings, the specific configuration is not limited to the illustrated ones, and even if there are changes or additions without departing from the gist of the present invention. It is included in the present invention.

  In the embodiment, the power cut-off switch 15a and the detection switch 15b are unitized (switch unit 15). However, these may be configured as separate units that are switched on / off in conjunction with the open / close lid 14, respectively. . Further, although the motor 19 is a three-phase AC motor, the present invention can be applied to a single-phase AC motor.

It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the electric switch which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and its safety device. It is explanatory drawing which shows the opening / closing operation | movement of the opening / closing lid | cover which concerns on embodiment of this invention, and the on / off operation | movement of the switch interlock | cooperated to it. It is a block diagram which shows the structure of the safety device of the conventional electric switch. It is explanatory drawing which shows the opening / closing operation | movement of the conventional opening / closing lid | cover, and the on / off operation | movement of the switch interlock | cooperating with it.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1-8 ... Contact 10 ... Electric switch 11 ... Safety device 12 ... Switch machine main body 13 ... Handle insertion port 14 ... Opening / closing lid 14a ... Lid main body 14b ... Connection part 15 ... Switch unit 15a ... Power-off switch 15b DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... Detection switch 16 ... Motor power supply circuit 17 ... Switch detection circuit 18 ... Motor controller 19 ... Motor 19a ... Shaft 20 ... Conversion mechanism 21 ... Motor control circuit 22 ... Motor drive circuit 23 ... Power supply 24 ... CPU
S ... Control signal

Claims (2)

A motor that drives the switching mechanism of the orbit switch;
An insertion slot into which a handle for manually driving the conversion mechanism is inserted;
An open / close lid that is displaced between a closed position for closing the insertion port and an open position for allowing the insertion port to be inserted into the handle;
An open / close sensor for detecting whether the open / close lid is closer to the open position than the closed position and is on the open side from the first position where the handle cannot be inserted into the insertion port;
The contact is turned on / off in conjunction with the opening / closing operation of the opening / closing lid, and the opening / closing lid is opened from the second position closer to the open position than the first position and the handle cannot be inserted into the insertion port. The contact is turned off when the switch is open, and the contact is turned on when the open / close lid is closed from the second position;
A drive circuit for supplying drive power to the motor via the contacts of the switch;
A control unit that controls driving of the motor by the driving circuit;
With
The controller is configured to stop the drive of the motor by the drive circuit while the open / close sensor detects that the open / close lid is on the open side from the first position. Tetsu machine. The open / close sensor is a second switch whose contact is turned on / off in conjunction with whether the open / close lid is on the open side from the first position;
The said control part discriminate | determines whether the said opening-and-closing lid | cover is an open | release side rather than the said 1st position by the energization state of the circuit in which the said 2nd switch was inserted. Electric turning machine.

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