JP2008237192A - Method of producing animal feeding-stuff - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method of producing animal feeding-stuff, which provides an animal feeding-stuff using the waste liquid of plum processing at a comparatively low cost. <P>SOLUTION: The method of producing animal feeding stuff reduces the amount of salt to be mixed into the feeding-stuff and supplements the reduced amount by the amount of salt contained in the waste liquid of plum processing. Then, the amount of salt in the feeding-stuff is equivalent to the amount set by the prescription of the mixture, and even if the waste liquid of plum processing without desalination treatment is used, the concentration of salt in the feeding-stuff does not increase. Since the waste liquid of plum processing is not specially treated, the feeding-stuff added with the waste liquid of plum processing can be produced at low cost. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing animal feed, and more particularly to a method for producing feed containing ume processing waste liquid, which is a by-product when producing processed ume foods.

  Most of the plums produced as agricultural products are supplied to the market and consumed as dried plums or processed foods. And when processing plum as a pickled plum, plum vinegar which is a pickled soup of plum as a by-product is produced in large quantities as a plum processing waste liquid. Some of these ume processing waste liquids are also used as seasonings, but most of them have been disposed of as industrial waste. However, due to the recent increase in awareness of environmental problems and an increase in the disposal cost of ume processing waste liquid, methods for effectively using these ume processing waste liquids without being discarded have been studied in recent years.

  By the way, plum vinegar, which is a ume processing waste liquid, is rich in organic acids including citric acid, amino acids, minerals, and the like, and can be expected to have bactericidal activity, appetite enhancement, and intestinal regulation. For this reason, if an ume processing waste liquid is used as an additive of livestock feed, a big merit can be acquired also as a livestock industry. However, plum processing wastewater has the problem that it contains excess salt in addition to the above active ingredients, especially chickens that consume a large amount of salt cause diarrhea symptoms, which can be harmful to health. Waste liquid cannot be added to the feed.

  With respect to this problem, in the invention disclosed in the following [Patent Document 1], a desalination treatment is applied to the ume processing waste liquor, and the salt concentration is lowered and added to feed for poultry farming.

JP-A-2005-73651

  However, the cost required for the desalting treatment performed in [Patent Document 1] is extremely high, and even the effective use of the ume processing waste liquid is not acceptable.

  This invention is made | formed in view of the said situation, and it aims at providing the manufacturing method of the feed which can manufacture the feed using a ume processing waste liquid at comparatively low cost.

The present invention reduces the blending amount of the salt of the feed prepared by blending a plurality of feed raw materials at a predetermined ratio to 90% to 0% of the predetermined amount,
The above problem is solved by providing a method for producing a feed, characterized in that the salinity corresponding to the reduced salt content is supplemented by dripping or spraying undesalted ume processing waste liquor.
In addition, undemineralized ume processing waste liquid is adsorbed on the adsorbent,
While reducing the blending amount of the salt of the feed produced by blending a plurality of feed raw materials at a predetermined ratio to 90% to 0% of the predetermined amount,
The above problem is solved by providing a method for producing a feed, characterized in that the salinity corresponding to the reduced salt content is supplemented by mixing the adsorbent adsorbed with the ume processing waste liquid.

The method for producing a feed according to the present invention has the above configuration.
By adding a ume processing waste liquid having an excellent active ingredient without subjecting to desalination treatment, it becomes possible to produce a feed having a salt concentration equivalent to that of a conventional one at a relatively low cost.

  An embodiment of a feed production method according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a flowchart showing an outline of the steps of the feed production method according to the present invention. 2 and 3 are diagrams for explaining the effect of the feed produced by the feed production method according to the present invention. In the following description, for convenience, the feed material will be described as not containing any salt, but since the actual feed material contains some salt, the salt content is taken into account. The addition amount of salt and plum processing waste liquid must be set.

  Fig.1 (a) is a flowchart which shows the schematic process of the 1st form of the manufacturing method of the feed based on this invention. The manufacturing method of the feed of the 1st form which concerns on this invention has the preparation process 10, the mixing | blending process 12, and the raw material addition process 14. FIG.

  First, as a pre-stage of the preparation step 10, the types of feed raw materials and additives to be used and the respective blending ratios are determined so that the nutritional value, lipid, salinity, etc. of the feed prepared by blending design have desired values. .

  Feed ingredients include corn, grain sorghum, milo, wheat, barley, rye, oats, flour, brown rice, milled rice, millet, millet, soybean, broad bean, pea, lupine, sweet potato, cassava, soybean meal, cottonseed meal , Rapeseed, peanut, linseed, sesame, palm, sunflower, safflower, palm kernel, kapok, rice bran, defatted rice bran, bran, corn gluten field, corn gluten meal, wheat gluten, Starch lees, beer lees, sake lees, malt roots, tofu lees, mandarin juice lees, apple juice lees, pineapple juice lees, hominy feed, corn germ meal, potato protein, molasses, soy sauce lees, fish meal, rice germ, wheat germ, Konjac flying powder, fish soluble adsorbent feed, pupa lees, dried pupa, whole milk powder, defatted Milk, dried whey, crab shell meal, shrimp shell meal, krill meal, feed yeast, corn starch, potato starch, alfalfa meal, false acacia leaf meal, cassava leaf meal, confectionery waste, bread waste, casein, gelatin, chicken meal, Well-known feed ingredients such as blood meal, feather meal, vegetable oils, animal fats, dextrin, sugar, glucose, fructose, screening pellets, soybean hulls, corn cob meal, chlorella, food by-products, and the like can be used. In addition, as additives, known feed additives such as powdered calcium carbonate, calcium phosphate, vitamins, minerals, amino acids and the like can be used.

  Next, pretreatment of each feed material and the like is performed in the preparation step 10. As an example of the pretreatment, there is a pulverization treatment in the case where the particle size of the feed raw material is larger than a desired value. In addition, the preparation process 10 does not necessarily need to be performed when pretreatment is not required for the feed material.

  Next, in the blending step 12, a plurality of feed raw materials and additives selected by the blending design are charged into the blending tank at the blending ratio similarly set by the blending design and sufficiently stirred. At this time, the blending amount of salt is reduced to 90% to 0% of the predetermined amount obtained by blending design and blended.

  Next, in the raw material addition process 14, the ume processing waste liquid which has not been subjected to the desalting treatment is uniformly added to the feed blended in the blending process 12 by spraying or dropping. Thereafter, if necessary, liquid additives such as fats and oils and organic acids are similarly added. In addition, it is preferable that the ume processing waste liquid added by the liquid raw material addition process 14 passes a filter etc. beforehand, and removes unnecessary impurities.

  The addition amount of the ume processing waste liquid in the liquid source addition process 14 should be an amount in which the total salt content of the added ume processing waste liquid is approximately equal to the amount of salt reduced in the mixing process 12. For example, when the amount of salt set at 0.36% at the time of blending is reduced to 0% and the feed is blended, and supplemented with a plum processing wastewater with a salt concentration of 14%, The amount added is the amount containing salt corresponding to the reduced salt content of 0.36%, that is, 2.57%.

  By the above procedure, the feed to which the plum processing waste liquid is added is manufactured. As mentioned above, the amount of salt in this feed is supplemented with the amount of salt in salt reduced during blending with the amount of salt contained in the ume processing waste liquor. The salinity of the water will not be excessive. And by adding a ume processing waste liquid to a feed, the various improvement effect by the active ingredient in a ume processing waste liquid can be brought about with respect to the animal which gave this feed.

  In addition, ume processing waste liquor that has not been desalted has a lower material cost than salt, and the liquid source addition equipment such as a spray used in the liquid source addition step 14 can be combined with the liquid additive. There is no need to install equipment. Therefore, the feed to which the plum processing waste liquid is added can be produced at an extremely low cost.

  FIG.1 (b) is a process flowchart which shows the schematic process of the 2nd form of the manufacturing method of the feed based on this invention. The method for producing a feed according to the second embodiment of the present invention includes an adsorption step 16, a preparation step 10, and a blending step 12.

  In the feed production method according to the second aspect of the present invention, first, the ume processing waste liquid not subjected to the desalting treatment in the adsorption step 16 is adsorbed to the adsorbent. The ume processing waste liquid to be adsorbed is preferably passed through a filter or the like in advance to remove unnecessary impurities as in the first embodiment. As the adsorbent, it is preferable to use anhydrous silicic acid that can adsorb a large amount of ume processing waste liquor and is harmless even if eaten by animals. Examples of adsorbents other than silicic anhydride include finely ground corn, grain sorghum, wheat, barley, rye, oats, flour, brown rice, milled rice, millet, millet, soybeans, broad beans, peas, lupine, sweet potato , Cassava, soybean meal, cottonseed meal, rapeseed meal, peanut meal, flaxseed meal, sesame meal, coconut meal, sunflower meal, safflower meal, palm kernel meal, kapok meal, rice bran, defatted rice bran, bran, corn gluten Field, Corn Gluten Meal, Wheat Gluten, Starch Koji, Beer Koji, Sake Koji, Malt Root, Tofu Koji, Tangerine Juice Koji, Apple Juice Koji, Pineapple Juice Koji, Rice Germ, Wheat Germ, Konjac Fly Powder, Fish Powder, Fish Soluble Adsorption Feed, pupa lees, dried willows, whole milk powder, skim milk powder, dried whey, crab shell meal, shrimp shell meal, oki Mimiru, fodder yeast, corn starch, potato starch, alfalfa meal, locust leaf meal, cassava leaf meal, pastry scraps, crumbs, the feed raw materials and the like, and the like. Moreover, you may use additives, such as a fine powdery calcium carbonate and a calcium phosphate, as an adsorbent. In particular, when the feed raw material powder is used by adsorbing the ume processing waste liquid, the feed raw material also serves as the adsorbent, so that the material cost for the adsorbent can be reduced. Moreover, you may suppress the material cost with respect to an adsorbent by mixing or using together a some adsorbent.

  Next, a blending design is performed, and types and blending ratios of feed raw materials and additives to be blended are set. At this time, the amount of salt is reduced to 90% to 0% of the target amount, and the amount of the adsorbent containing the plum processing waste liquid that only supplements the reduced amount of salt (salt) is obtained. When the adsorbent is a feed raw material powder or an additive, the blending design must be performed in consideration of the feed raw material powder used as the adsorbent and the nutritional value of the additive.

  Next, pretreatment of each feed material is performed in the preparation step 10. At this time, an adsorbent adsorbed with the ume processing waste liquid and an arbitrary feed raw material may be mixed as a preliminary blend. By performing this pre-mixing, the adsorbent can be uniformly mixed with the feed even if the adsorbent is in a small amount. The feed raw material used for the pre-mixing is not particularly limited, but a feed composition having a high composition ratio and powder is preferable.

  Next, in the blending step 12, a plurality of feed raw materials and additives selected by the blending design are charged into the blending tank at a blending ratio set by the blending design and sufficiently stirred. In addition, when pre-mixing is not performed in the preparation step 10, the adsorbent adsorbed with the ume processing waste liquid is mixed with the feed.

  Finally, if necessary, liquid additives such as fats and oils and organic acids are added in the raw material addition step 14.

  By the above procedure, the feed in which the ume processing waste liquid is added through the adsorbent is produced. The salt content of this feed is supplemented with the same amount of salt as the salt reduced at the time of mixing with the ume processing waste liquid adsorbed by the adsorbent, so that the salt concentration of the feed is excessive as in the first embodiment. Must not. Moreover, various improvement effects by the active ingredient in a ume processing waste liquid can be brought about with the animal which gave this feed like 1st form.

  Furthermore, in the feed production method according to the second embodiment, the addition of the ume processing waste liquid is performed using an adsorbent, so that no equipment for adding a raw material such as a spray is necessary. Therefore, the feed containing the ume processing waste liquid can be manufactured even in the manufacturing process of a small-scale feed that does not have the equipment for adding liquid stock.

  In addition, the salinity concentration of the ume processing waste liquid varies depending on the processing content of the ume, and is generally around 6%, 14%, and 20%. Therefore, in any of the above-described embodiments, the added amount of the ume processing waste liquid and the like change each time depending on the salt concentration of the ume processing waste liquid to be used. Moreover, if a plum processing waste liquid is prepared in advance by mixing a plurality of salt concentration plum processing waste liquids to a predetermined salt concentration, it is possible to efficiently add the plum processing waste liquid.

In the blending step 12, predetermined feed materials and additives excluding salt were blended at a ratio set in the blending design to produce a mash-like feed mainly composed of corn, oil cake, and rice bran.

  Next, in the raw material addition process 14, the plum processing waste liquid with a salt concentration of 14% was sprayed uniformly on the blended feed by spraying. In addition, the addition amount of the ume processing waste liquid at this time was 2.6% (weight ratio) having a salt content almost equal to the salt content 0.36% (weight ratio) set at the time of the formulation design. As a result, a feed was prepared in which the mixed salt content of the feed was changed from salt to ume processing waste liquid by 100%.

(Comparative Example 1)
A mash-like feed was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1, except that 0.36% (weight ratio) of salt was added in the blending step 12 and no ume processing waste liquid was added in the stock addition step 14.

  The addition of the ume processing waste liquid according to Example 1 and Comparative Example 1 and the non-additive feed were given to Cobb and Chunky meat chickens for 14 days from 36 to 49 days of age. From this, the feed demand rate was calculated. The result is shown in FIG. The feed demand rate is expressed by (feed intake during the test period / weight at the end of the test), and the lower the value, the more the feed is given that contributes to chicken growth.

  From FIG. 2, the feed requirement rate of chickens given the feed of the plum processing waste liquid indicated by hatching is compared with the feed requirement rates of chickens given the no feed of the plum processing waste liquid indicated by black coating in FIG. 2. A decrease in numerical value of about 5% to 11% was observed. This decrease in feed demand rate is thought to be due to the citric acid contained in the ume processing waste liquor activating the citric acid circuit and improving the energy production in the chicken.

  In the adsorption step 16, the plum processing waste liquid having a salt concentration of 14% was adsorbed by 65% by weight on anhydrous silicic acid as an adsorbent. Next, in the blending step 12, a predetermined feed material was blended in the same ratio as in Example 1 to prepare a mash-like feed. At this time, the salt and the adsorbent adsorbed with the ume processing waste liquid were mixed so that the amount of the salt content was 0.36%. In addition, the compounding ratio of salt and adsorbent was salt: adsorbent = 50: 50, 75:25, and 87.5: 12.5 in terms of salt content. That is, the addition amount of the ume processing waste liquid through the adsorbent is 1.30% (substitute for 50% salt), 0.65% (substitute for 25% salt), and 0.33% (12.5% for sodium chloride), respectively. Substitute). Thus, a feed was prepared in which the mixed salt content of the feed was partially changed from salt to plum processing waste liquid.

  These ume processing waste solution added feed and ume processing waste solution non-added feed (Comparative Example 1) were given to meat chicken for 14 days from 36 to 49 days of age, and the feed request rate was calculated. In addition, we measured the amount of heme pigment in the muscles of meat chickens that were fed with an additive-free feed of plum processing waste liquid and meat chickens that were fed a feed of 0.33% of plum processing waste liquid and compared them. . Furthermore, these meat chickens were processed into meat, and the percentage of meat juice loss over time was compared. These results are shown in FIGS. 3 (a), 3 (b), and 3 (c).

  From Fig. 3 (a), the required amount of feed for chickens for meat that was given an additional feed of ume processing waste liquor was about 5% higher than that of the one without ume processing waste liquor. A decrease in the numerical value of about 4% was observed when 0.65% of the waste liquid was added, and about 2% to 3% even when 0.33% of the plum processing waste liquid was added.

  In addition, from FIG. 3 (b), the amount of heme pigment in the muscles of meat chickens grown with the additive-free feed of plum processing waste liquid (shown in black in FIG. 3 (b)) is 38 mg, The amount of heme pigment (shown by diagonal lines in FIG. 3 (b)) of the feed grown with 0.33% ume processing waste liquor is about 45.3 mg. Admitted. This is presumably because the amount of absorption of minerals, particularly Fe (iron) involved in red color development, was improved by the chelating effect of citric acid contained in the ume processing waste liquor.

  Moreover, from FIG. 3 (c), the loss ratio of the gravy of the feed grown with 0.33% added plum processing waste liquid (indicated by a circle in FIG. 3 (c)) is the loss ratio of the gravy without the additive. It is lower than that (indicated by ● in FIG. 3C), and it can be seen that the water retention of the meat is high. This is thought to be because the increase in fatigue substances such as lactic acid generated during slaughter and other stresses was suppressed by citric acid in the ume processing waste liquid, and the muscle fiber structure was stabilized and the pH of the meat was prevented from lowering.

  From these facts, it can be seen that even when the ume processing waste liquid is added to the feed via the adsorbent, the same effect as that obtained by directly adding it can be obtained.

  From the above results, by adding the ume processing waste liquid to the feed, meat chickens fed this feed had a reduced feed requirement rate, increased heme pigment in the muscle, and improved water retention after meat processing Excellent improvement effects were recognized. As described above, the reduction in the feed requirement rate means that it is possible to maintain the same level of growth as in the past with a small amount of feed, and thus it is possible to reduce costs by reducing the amount of feed. In addition, an increase in the heme pigment that contributes to the vividness of the coloring of meat and an improvement in water retention lead to an increase in the commercial value of meat chickens.

  From the above, the method for producing a feed according to the present invention reduces the amount of salt contained in the feed and supplements the reduced salt with the salt contained in the ume processing waste liquid. For this reason, the salt content of the feed is equivalent to the set amount at the time of blending design, and the salt concentration of the feed does not increase even if the ume processing waste liquid not subjected to the desalination treatment is used. Moreover, since the ume processing waste liquid is not subjected to a desalination treatment or a special treatment that leads to an increase in cost, a feed to which the ume processing waste liquid is added can be produced at a low cost.

  Furthermore, the animal bred with the feed produced by the feed production method according to the present invention has various effects due to the active ingredients in the ume processing waste liquid. In particular, livestock grown with this feed can reduce the feed demand and reduce the cost of the feed, and also improve the color development and water retention when meat is processed, increasing the commercial value of meat. be able to.

  In this example, the explanation was made by taking the meat chicken feed as an example, but the present invention is not particularly limited to the method for producing the meat chicken feed. Feed for livestock such as cattle, dairy cows, horses, goats, sheep, feed for farmed fish, feed for pets such as dogs, cats, rabbits, turtles, ornamental birds, carp, ornamental fish, for domestic animals such as zoos The present invention can also be applied to a method for producing such feed. In this example, a method for producing a mash-like feed has been described. However, the present invention is not particularly limited to this, and the method for producing a feed according to the present invention is appropriately provided with a pulverization step, a pellet forming step, and the like. Thus, it can be applied to a method for producing pelletized feed. Furthermore, the present invention can be modified and implemented without departing from the scope of the present invention.

It is a flowchart which shows the outline of the process of the manufacturing method of the feed which concerns on this invention. It is a figure explaining the effect of the feed manufactured by the manufacturing method of the feed concerning the present invention. It is a figure explaining the effect of the feed manufactured by the manufacturing method of the feed concerning the present invention.

Explanation of symbols

10 Preparation process
12 Compounding process
14 Raw material addition process
16 Adsorption process

Claims (2)

While reducing the blending amount of the salt of the feed produced by blending a plurality of feed raw materials at a predetermined ratio to 90% to 0% of the predetermined amount,
A method for producing a feed, characterized in that the salinity corresponding to the reduced salt content is supplemented by dripping or spraying an undesalted ume processing waste liquor. Adsorb the undesalted ume processing waste liquid to the adsorbent,
While reducing the blending amount of the salt of the feed produced by blending a plurality of feed raw materials at a predetermined ratio to 90% to 0% of the predetermined amount,
A method for producing a feed, characterized in that the salinity corresponding to the reduced amount of sodium chloride is supplemented by mixing the adsorbent adsorbed with plum processing waste liquid.

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