JP2008232313A - One-way clutch - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a one-way clutch having improved operating reliability. <P>SOLUTION: In the one-way clutch, a plurality of pockets 4 are formed in the inner periphery of an outer ring 1 at peripheral spaces, cam faces 5 are formed in the pockets 4 to gradually narrow spaces from a cylindrical face 7 of the outer periphery of a shaft 6 to be inserted into the outer ring 1, along the peripheral direction, and rollers 2 are stored in the pockets 4. The rollers 2 are movable between an engaging position of biting between the cam face 5 of the outer ring 1 and the cylindrical face 7 and a disengaging position of releasing the biting. Elastic bodies are provided for energizing the rollers 2 from the disengaging position to the engaging position. The elastic bodies are each formed of an elastomer 3 filled in the pocket 4. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a one-way clutch that transmits only torque in one rotational direction.

  In general, a one-way clutch that transmits torque in one rotational direction and interrupts torque transmission in the other rotational direction is used in a paper feeding mechanism such as a printer or a copying machine.

  As such a one-way clutch, a plurality of pockets are formed at intervals in the circumferential direction on the inner periphery of the outer ring, and the intervals between the pockets and the outer cylindrical surface of the shaft inserted into the outer ring are set in the pockets. A cam surface that gradually narrows in the direction is formed, a roller is accommodated in the pocket, and an engagement position in which the roller is engaged between the cam surface of the outer ring and the cylindrical surface of the shaft, and the engagement is formed. It is known that the roller can be moved between the disengagement positions to be released, and the roller is urged from the disengagement position to the engagement position by a metal spring (Patent Document 1).

In the one-way clutch, when no torque is applied between the outer ring and the shaft, the roller is held at the engagement position by a metal spring. In this state, when a torque in one rotational direction acts between the outer ring and the shaft, the roller is engaged between the outer ring and the shaft, and torque is transmitted between the outer ring and the shaft. When the torque in the other rotational direction is applied, the roller moves from the engagement position to the engagement release position, and the torque transmission between the outer ring and the shaft is interrupted.
Japanese Patent No. 3501352

  However, since this one-way clutch uses a metal spring as an elastic body that biases the roller, the biasing force acting on the roller is local, and the posture of the roller is unstable. Therefore, when the roller moves from the engagement position to the engagement release position, the roller is easy to tilt. When the roller is inclined, it becomes difficult for the roller to bite between the cam surface of the outer ring and the cylindrical surface of the shaft, and the reliability of the operation of the one-way clutch decreases.

  The problem to be solved by the present invention is to provide a one-way clutch having excellent operation reliability.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, an elastic body that urges the roller from the disengagement position toward the engagement position is configured by an elastomer filled in a pocket of the outer ring. In this way, when the roller moves from the engagement position to the engagement release position, the elastomer in the pocket is pushed by the roller and elastically deforms, and the roller is urged toward the engagement position. At this time, the urging force of the elastomer acts over the entire width of the roller.

In addition, the present invention provides a one-way clutch having the following configuration as a one-way clutch excellent in operation reliability.
1) An annular cage having a plurality of pockets is inserted into the outer ring at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the inner circumference of the outer ring is spaced from the outer peripheral cylindrical surface of the shaft inserted into the cage. A cam surface that gradually narrows along the circumferential direction, and a roller is accommodated in the pocket of the cage, and an engagement position in which the roller is engaged between the cam surface of the outer ring and the cylindrical surface of the shaft; In the one-way clutch provided with an elastic body that is movable between the engagement release positions for releasing the bite and urges the roller from the engagement release position toward the engagement position, the elastic body is A one-way clutch comprising an elastomer filled in the pocket.
2) An inner ring is inserted into the outer ring, an annular cage having a plurality of pockets is inserted between the outer ring and the inner ring at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the outer circumference of the inner ring is inserted into the inner circumference of the outer ring. Forming a cam surface that gradually narrows the distance from the cylindrical surface along the circumferential direction, accommodating a roller in the cage pocket, and inserting the roller between the cam surface of the outer ring and the cylindrical surface of the inner ring. In a one-way clutch provided with an elastic body that is movable between an engagement position to be engaged and an engagement release position to release the engagement and urges the roller from the engagement release position toward the engagement position. The one-way clutch characterized in that the elastic body is made of an elastomer filled in the pocket.
3) An inner ring is inserted into the outer ring, an annular cage having a plurality of pockets is inserted between the outer ring and the inner ring at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the inner circumference of the outer ring is inserted into the outer circumference of the inner ring. Forming a cam surface that gradually narrows the distance from the cylindrical surface along the circumferential direction, accommodating a roller in the cage pocket, and inserting the roller between the cylindrical surface of the outer ring and the cam surface of the inner ring. In a one-way clutch provided with an elastic body that is movable between an engagement position to be engaged and an engagement release position to release the engagement and urges the roller from the engagement release position toward the engagement position. The one-way clutch characterized in that the elastic body is made of an elastomer filled in the pocket.
4) An inner ring is inserted into the outer ring, and a plurality of sprags are incorporated between the outer ring and the inner ring at circumferential intervals, and the sprags are connected to the inner peripheral cylindrical surface of the outer ring and the outer peripheral cylindrical surface of the inner ring. An elastic body capable of changing the posture between an engagement posture that engages between and an engagement release posture that releases the engagement, and that biases the sprag in a direction that changes the posture from the engagement release posture to the engagement posture. In the one-way clutch provided with the one-way clutch, the elastic body is made of an elastomer filled between the outer ring and the inner ring.

  A one-way clutch of the present invention in which a pocket is formed in the outer ring, a cam surface is formed in the pocket, a roller is accommodated in the pocket, and an elastic body that biases the roller is formed of an elastomer filled in the pocket. Since the urging force of the elastomer acts on the entire width of the roller, the roller is difficult to tilt and the operation reliability is excellent.

  This invention which formed the cam surface in the outer ring, inserted the cage into the outer ring, accommodated the roller in the pocket of the cage, and constituted the elastic body that urges the roller with the elastomer filled in the pocket In the one-way clutch, since the urging force of the elastomer acts on the entire width of the roller, the roller hardly tilts and the operation reliability is excellent.

  A cam surface is formed on the outer ring, an inner ring is inserted into the outer ring, a cage is inserted between the outer ring and the inner ring, a roller is accommodated in the pocket of the cage, and an elastic body that biases the roller is provided. Also in the one-way clutch of the present invention constituted by the elastomer filled in the pocket, since the urging force of the elastomer acts on the entire width of the roller, the roller is difficult to tilt and the operation reliability is excellent.

  A cam surface is formed on the inner ring, the inner ring is inserted into the outer ring, a cage is inserted between the outer ring and the inner ring, a roller is accommodated in the pocket of the cage, and an elastic body that biases the roller is provided. Also in the one-way clutch of the present invention constituted by the elastomer filled in the pocket, since the urging force of the elastomer acts on the entire width of the roller, the roller is difficult to tilt and the operation reliability is excellent.

  The one-way clutch of the present invention, in which an inner ring is inserted into the outer ring, a sprag is incorporated between the outer ring and the inner ring, and an elastic body that urges the sprag is constituted by an elastomer filled between the outer ring and the inner ring, Since the urging force of the elastomer acts over the entire width of the sprag, the sprag is difficult to tilt and the operation reliability is excellent.

  1 (a) and 1 (b) show a one-way clutch according to a first embodiment of the present invention. This one-way clutch includes an outer ring 1, a roller 2, and an elastomer 3.

  The outer ring 1 is made of a sintered metal and is impregnated with lubricating oil. A plurality of pockets 4 are formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring 1 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and a roller 2 is accommodated in each pocket 4. A cam surface 5 is formed in the pocket 4. When the shaft 6 is inserted coaxially into the outer ring 1, the cam surface 5 is spaced from the cylindrical surface 7 on the outer periphery of the shaft 6 in the circumferential direction ( It is formed so as to narrow gradually along the counterclockwise direction in the figure.

  The roller 2 has a cylindrical shape, a position (engagement position) between the cam surface 5 and the cylindrical surface 7 as shown in FIG. 1 (a), and a cam surface 5 as shown in FIG. 1 (b). It is possible to move between positions where the biting between the cylindrical surface 7 and the cylindrical surface 7 is released (disengagement position).

  As shown in FIG. 1A, the elastomer 3 is injected and filled into the pocket 4 with the roller 2 disposed at the engagement position. Therefore, when the roller 2 moves from the engagement position to the engagement release position, the elastomer 3 in the pocket 4 is pushed by the roller 2 and elastically deforms, and urges the roller 2 toward the engagement position.

  Next, an operation example of this one-way clutch will be described.

  When torque is not acting between the outer ring 1 and the shaft 6, the roller 2 is held in the engaged position by the elastomer 3 as shown in FIG. In this state, when torque is applied between the outer ring 1 and the shaft 6 and the shaft 6 rotates in a direction in which the interval between the cam surface 5 and the cylindrical surface 7 is reduced (counterclockwise in the drawing), the roller 2 is moved to the cam surface. 5 between the outer ring 1 and the shaft 6 so that the outer ring 1 and the shaft 6 rotate together.

  Torque in the opposite direction acts between the outer ring 1 and the shaft 6, and as shown in FIG. 1 (b), the shaft 6 moves in the direction in which the distance between the cam surface 5 and the cylindrical surface 7 increases (clockwise in the figure). When rotating, the roller 2 moves from the engagement position to the engagement release position according to the rotation, and the torque transmission between the outer ring 1 and the shaft 6 is interrupted.

  In this one-way clutch, the urging force of the elastomer 3 acts over the entire width of the roller 2 when the roller 2 moves from the engagement position to the disengagement position. My heart is hard to tilt. Therefore, in this one-way clutch, the roller 2 is stably engaged between the cam surface 5 and the cylindrical surface 7, and the operation reliability is excellent.

  Further, in this one-way clutch, since the elastomer 3 holds the roller 2 in the pocket 4, the roller 2 does not fall out of the pocket 4 even when the shaft 6 is not inserted into the outer ring 1, and handling is easy. is there.

  By the way, as disclosed in Japanese Patent No. 3501352, the conventional one-way clutch forms a circumferential convex portion at the edge of the pocket of the outer ring, and the convex portion prevents the roller from dropping from the pocket. However, if a convex portion is formed at the edge of the pocket, powder molding of the outer ring is difficult and molding defects tend to occur. On the other hand, in the one-way clutch of this embodiment, it is not necessary to form a convex portion for preventing the roller from dropping off at the edge of the pocket 4, so that powder molding of the outer ring 1 is easy and molding defects are unlikely to occur.

  In the above embodiment, the elastomer 3 is injected and filled in the pocket 4 with the roller 2 placed at the engagement position. The elastomer 3 has a gap between the cam surface 5 and the cylindrical surface 7 that is greater than the engagement position. The pocket 4 may be injected and filled in a state where the roller 2 is arranged at a position shifted in a narrowing direction (counterclockwise in the figure). In this way, even when the roller 2 is in the engaged position, the biasing force in the direction in which the gap between the cam surface 5 and the cylindrical surface 7 is reduced acts on the roller 2, so that torque between the outer ring 1 and the shaft 6 is increased. It is possible to further stabilize the position of the roller 2 when is not acting.

  2A and 2B show a one-way clutch according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The one-way clutch includes an outer ring 11, a cage 12, a roller 13, and an elastomer 14.

  An annular cage 12 is coaxially inserted into the outer ring 11. A plurality of pockets 15 penetrating in the radial direction are formed in the cage 12 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and a roller 13 is accommodated in each pocket 15.

  On the inner periphery of the outer ring 11, cam surfaces 16 are formed at positions corresponding to the respective rollers 13, and each cam surface 16 is a cylindrical surface on the outer periphery of the shaft 17 when the shaft 17 is coaxially inserted into the outer ring 11. The distance between the first and second electrodes 18 is gradually narrowed along the circumferential direction (counterclockwise in the figure).

  The roller 13 has a cylindrical shape, and a position (engagement position) between the cam surface 16 and the cylindrical surface 18 as shown in FIG. 2 (a) and a cam surface 16 as shown in FIG. 2 (b). It is possible to move between positions where the biting between the cylinder surface 18 and the cylindrical surface 18 is released (engagement release position).

  The elastomer 14 is injected and filled into the pocket 15 in a state where the roller 13 is accommodated in the pocket 15 of the cage 12.

  As shown in FIG. 2A, the retainer 12 is prevented from rotating with respect to the outer ring 11 in a state where the roller 13 is disposed so as to be in the engagement position. Therefore, when the roller 13 moves from the engagement position to the engagement release position, the elastomer 14 in the pocket 15 is pushed by the roller 13 and elastically deforms, and urges the roller 13 toward the engagement position.

  Next, an operation example of this one-way clutch will be described.

  When torque is not acting between the outer ring 11 and the shaft 17, the roller 13 is held in the engaged position by the elastomer 14, as shown in FIG. In this state, torque acts between the outer ring 11 and the shaft 17, and when the shaft 17 rotates in a direction (counterclockwise in the drawing) in which the interval between the cam surface 16 and the cylindrical surface 18 is narrowed, the roller 13 is moved to the cam surface. 16 is engaged between the outer ring 11 and the shaft 17, and the outer ring 11 and the shaft 17 rotate together.

  Torque in the opposite direction acts between the outer ring 11 and the shaft 17, and as shown in FIG. 2B, the shaft 17 moves in the direction in which the distance between the cam surface 16 and the cylindrical surface 18 increases (clockwise in the figure). When rotating, the roller 13 moves from the engagement position to the engagement release position in accordance with the rotation, and the torque transmission between the outer ring 11 and the shaft 17 is interrupted.

  Also in this one-way clutch, the urging force of the elastomer 14 acts over the entire width of the roller 13 when the roller 13 moves from the engagement position to the disengagement position, as in the first embodiment. The axis of the roller 13 is difficult to tilt with respect to the center. Therefore, in this one-way clutch, the roller 13 is stably engaged between the cam surface 16 and the cylindrical surface 18, and the operation reliability is excellent.

  Further, in this one-way clutch, since the elastomer 14 holds the roller 13 in the pocket 15, the roller 13 does not fall out of the pocket 15 even when the shaft 17 is not inserted into the outer ring 11, and handling is easy. is there.

  In the above embodiment, the retainer 12 is prevented from rotating with respect to the outer ring 11 in a state where the roller 13 is disposed at the engagement position. However, the retainer 12 has a cam surface 16 rather than the engagement position. And the cylindrical surface 18 may be prevented from rotating with respect to the outer ring 11 in a state where the roller 13 is disposed at a position shifted in a direction in which the distance between the cylindrical surfaces 18 is reduced (counterclockwise in the drawing). In this way, even when the roller 13 is in the engaged position, the biasing force in the direction in which the interval between the cam surface 16 and the cylindrical surface 18 is reduced acts on the roller 13, so that the torque between the outer ring 11 and the shaft 17 is increased. It is possible to further stabilize the position of the roller 13 when is not acting.

  3A and 3B show a one-way clutch according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The one-way clutch includes an outer ring 21, an inner ring 22, a cage 23, a roller 24, and an elastomer 25.

  An inner ring 22 is coaxially inserted into the outer ring 21, and an annular cage 23 is coaxially inserted between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22. A plurality of pockets 26 penetrating in the radial direction are formed in the cage 23 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and a roller 24 is accommodated in each pocket 26.

  A cam surface 27 is formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring 21 at a position corresponding to each roller 24. Each cam surface 27 is spaced apart from the outer peripheral cylindrical surface 28 of the inner ring 22 in the circumferential direction (counterclockwise in the figure). ) To be narrowed gradually.

  The roller 24 has a cylindrical shape, and a position (engagement position) between the cam surface 27 and the cylindrical surface 28 as shown in FIG. 3 (a) and a cam surface 27 as shown in FIG. 3 (b). And the cylindrical surface 28 are movable between positions where the biting is released (engagement release position).

  The elastomer 25 is injected and filled into the pocket 26 in a state where the roller 24 is accommodated in the pocket 26 of the cage 23.

  As shown in FIG. 3A, the retainer 23 is prevented from rotating with respect to the outer ring 21 in a state where the roller 24 is disposed so as to be in the engagement position. Therefore, when the roller 24 moves from the engagement position to the engagement release position, the elastomer 25 in the pocket 26 is pushed by the roller 24 and elastically deforms, and urges the roller 24 toward the engagement position.

  Next, an operation example of this one-way clutch will be described.

  When no torque acts between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22, the roller 24 is held in the engaged position by the elastomer 25 as shown in FIG. In this state, torque acts between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22, and when the inner ring 22 rotates in a direction in which the interval between the cam surface 27 and the cylindrical surface 28 is reduced (counterclockwise in the figure), the roller 24 is moved to the cam surface. 27 and the cylindrical surface 28, the torque is transmitted between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22, and the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22 rotate integrally.

  Torque in the opposite direction acts between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22, and as shown in FIG. 3B, the inner ring 22 moves in the direction in which the interval between the cam surface 27 and the cylindrical surface 28 increases (clockwise in the figure). When rotating, the roller 24 moves from the engaging position to the disengaging position according to the rotation, and torque transmission between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22 is interrupted.

  Also in this one-way clutch, the urging force of the elastomer 25 acts over the entire width of the roller 24 when the roller 24 moves from the engagement position to the disengagement position, as in the first embodiment. The axis of the roller 24 is difficult to tilt with respect to the center. Therefore, in this one-way clutch, the roller 24 is stably engaged between the cam surface 27 and the cylindrical surface 28, and the operation reliability is excellent.

  In addition, since the elastomer 25 holds the roller 24 in the pocket 26, the one-way clutch can be handled without the roller 24 dropping out of the pocket 26 even when the cage 23 is taken out between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22. Is easy.

  In the above embodiment, the retainer 23 is prevented from rotating with respect to the outer ring 21 in a state where the roller 24 is disposed at the engagement position. However, the retainer 23 has a cam surface 27 rather than the engagement position. And the cylindrical surface 28 may be prevented from rotating with respect to the outer ring 21 in a state where the roller 24 is arranged at a position shifted in a direction in which the distance between the cylindrical surfaces 28 is narrowed (counterclockwise in the drawing). In this way, even when the roller 24 is in the engaged position, the biasing force in the direction in which the distance between the cam surface 27 and the cylindrical surface 28 is reduced acts on the roller 24, so that torque is generated between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22. It is possible to further stabilize the position of the roller 24 when is not acting.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the position of the holder | retainer 23 with respect to the outer ring | wheel 21 is being fixed to the position where the roller 24 comes to an engagement position, the position of the holder | retainer 23 with respect to the outer ring | wheel 21 is the engagement release position of the roller 24. It may be possible to switch to the position of In this way, by switching the position of the cage 23, torque transmission between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22 is interrupted when torque in any rotational direction acts between the outer ring 21 and the inner ring 22. It becomes possible.

  4 (a) and 4 (b) show a one-way clutch according to a fourth embodiment of the present invention. The one-way clutch includes an outer ring 31, an inner ring 32, a cage 33, a roller 34, and an elastomer 35.

  An inner ring 32 is coaxially inserted into the outer ring 31, and an annular retainer 33 is coaxially inserted between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32. A plurality of pockets 36 penetrating in the radial direction are formed in the retainer 33 at regular intervals in the circumferential direction, and a roller 34 is accommodated in each pocket 36.

  A cam surface 37 is formed on the outer periphery of the inner ring 32 at a position corresponding to each roller 34, and each cam surface 37 is spaced from the inner peripheral cylindrical surface 38 of the outer ring 31 in the circumferential direction (counterclockwise in the figure). ) To be narrowed gradually.

  The roller 34 has a cylindrical shape, and a position (engagement position) between the cam surface 37 and the cylindrical surface 38 as shown in FIG. 4 (a) and a cam surface 37 as shown in FIG. 4 (b). It is possible to move between positions where the biting between the cylindrical surface 38 and the cylindrical surface 38 is released (engagement release position).

  The elastomer 35 is injected and filled into the pocket 36 in a state where the roller 34 is accommodated in the pocket 36 of the cage 33.

  As illustrated in FIG. 4A, the retainer 33 is prevented from rotating with respect to the inner ring 32 in a state where the roller 34 is disposed so as to be in the engagement position. Therefore, when the roller 34 moves from the engagement position to the engagement release position, the elastomer 35 in the pocket 36 is pushed by the roller 34 and elastically deforms, and urges the roller 34 toward the engagement position.

  Next, an operation example of this one-way clutch will be described.

  When no torque acts between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32, the roller 34 is held in the engaged position by the elastomer 35 as shown in FIG. In this state, torque acts between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32, and when the outer ring 31 rotates in a direction in which the distance between the cam surface 37 and the cylindrical surface 38 is reduced (counterclockwise in the drawing), the roller 34 is moved to the cam surface. 37 and the cylindrical surface 38, and the torque is transmitted between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 so that the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 rotate together.

  Torque in the opposite direction acts between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32, and as shown in FIG. 4B, the outer ring 31 moves in the direction in which the distance between the cam surface 37 and the cylindrical surface 38 is increased (clockwise in the figure). When rotating, the roller 34 moves from the engaging position to the disengaging position according to the rotation, and the torque transmission between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 is interrupted.

  Also in this one-way clutch, the urging force of the elastomer 35 acts over the entire width of the roller 34 when the roller 34 moves from the engagement position to the disengagement position, as in the first embodiment. The axis of the roller 34 is difficult to tilt with respect to the center. Therefore, in this one-way clutch, the roller 34 is stably engaged between the cam surface 37 and the cylindrical surface 38, and the operation reliability is excellent.

  In addition, since the elastomer 35 holds the roller 34 in the pocket 36, the one-way clutch is handled without the roller 34 falling off from the pocket 36 even when the retainer 33 is taken out from between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32. Is easy.

  In the above-described embodiment, the retainer 33 is prevented from rotating with respect to the inner ring 32 in a state where the roller 34 is disposed at the engagement position. However, the retainer 33 is cam surface 37 rather than the engagement position. Further, the roller 34 may be prevented from rotating with respect to the inner ring 32 in a state in which the roller 34 is arranged at a position shifted in a direction in which the interval between the cylindrical surfaces 38 is reduced (counterclockwise in the drawing). In this way, even when the roller 34 is in the engaged position, the biasing force in the direction in which the gap between the cam surface 37 and the cylindrical surface 38 is narrowed acts on the roller 34, so that torque is generated between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32. It is possible to further stabilize the position of the roller 34 when is not acting.

  Moreover, in the said embodiment, although the position of the holder | retainer 33 with respect to the inner ring | wheel 32 is being fixed to the position where the roller 34 comes to an engagement position, the position of the holder | retainer 33 with respect to the inner ring | wheel 32 is the engagement release position of the roller 34. It may be possible to switch to the position of In this way, by switching the position of the cage 33, torque transmission between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32 is interrupted when torque in any rotational direction acts between the outer ring 31 and the inner ring 32. It becomes possible.

  5 (a) and 5 (b) show a one-way clutch according to a fifth embodiment of the present invention. The one-way clutch includes an outer ring 41, an inner ring 42, a cage 43, a sprag 44, and an elastomer 45.

  An inner ring 42 is coaxially inserted into the outer ring 41, and an annular cage 43 is coaxially inserted between the outer ring 41 and the inner ring 42. A plurality of sprags 44 are incorporated between the outer ring 41 and the inner ring 42 at a constant interval in the circumferential direction, and each sprag 44 is accommodated in a pocket 46 formed in the retainer 43 in the radial direction. Yes. The cage 43 is prevented from rotating with respect to the outer ring 41.

  A cylindrical surface 47 is formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring 41, and a cylindrical surface 48 is also formed on the outer periphery of the inner ring 42. The sprag 44 has a shape whose height changes in accordance with the posture of the sprag 44, and as shown in FIG. 5A, a posture (engagement posture) in which the sprag 44 is engaged between the cylindrical surface 47 and the cylindrical surface 48, As shown in FIG. 5B, the posture can be changed between postures for releasing the engagement between the cylindrical surface 47 and the cylindrical surface 48 (disengagement posture).

  As shown in FIG. 5A, the elastomer 45 is injected and filled between the outer ring 41 and the inner ring 42 with the sprag 44 in the engaged posture. Therefore, when the sprag 44 changes its posture from the engagement posture to the disengagement posture, the elastomer 45 between the outer ring 41 and the inner ring 42 is pushed by the sprag 44 and elastically deformed, and the sprag 44 returns to the engagement posture. Energize to.

  Next, an operation example of this one-way clutch will be described.

  When torque is not acting between the outer ring 41 and the inner ring 42, the sprag 44 is held in the engaged posture by the elastomer 45 as shown in FIG. In this state, when torque is applied between the outer ring 41 and the inner ring 42 to rotate the inner ring 42 in a direction that increases the height of the sprag 44 (counterclockwise in the drawing), the sprag 44 is moved to the cylindrical surface 47 and the cylindrical surface. 48, the torque is transmitted between the outer ring 41 and the inner ring 42, and the outer ring 41 and the inner ring 42 rotate together.

  When torque in the opposite direction acts between the outer ring 41 and the inner ring 42 and the inner ring 42 rotates in a direction to reduce the height of the sprag 44 (clockwise in the figure) as shown in FIG. In response to the rotation, the sprag 44 changes its position from the engagement position to the disengagement position, and torque transmission between the outer ring 41 and the inner ring 42 is interrupted.

  Also in this one-way clutch, the urging force of the elastomer 45 acts over the entire width of the sprag 44 when the sprag 44 changes from the engaged posture to the disengaged posture, as in the first embodiment. The axis of the sprag 44 is difficult to tilt with respect to the center. Therefore, in this one-way clutch, the sprag 44 is stably engaged between the cylindrical surface 47 and the cylindrical surface 48, and the operation reliability is excellent.

  In each of the above embodiments, the elastomer 3, 14, 25, 35, 45 can be, for example, urethane rubber or styrene elastomer, but when using a one-way clutch in a high temperature environment, silicon rubber is used. It is preferable to use it.

  In each of the above embodiments, the elastomers 3, 14, 25, 35, and 45 are preferably dispersed with a solid lubricant such as graphite. In this way, in the first embodiment, the solid lubricant exposed on the contact surface of the elastomer 3 with the roller 2 adheres to the outer periphery of the roller 2, and the adhered solid lubricant causes the roller 2 and the shaft 6 to move. In the second embodiment, the gap between the roller 13 and the shaft 17 can be lubricated. In the third embodiment, the gap between the roller 24 and the inner ring 22 can be lubricated. In the fourth embodiment, the space between the roller 34 and the outer ring 31 can be lubricated. Further, in the fifth embodiment, the solid lubricant exposed on the contact surface of the elastomer 45 with the inner ring 42 adheres to the cylindrical surface 48 of the inner ring 42, and the adhering solid lubricant causes a gap between the sprag 44 and the inner ring 42. Can be lubricated.

BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the one-way clutch of 1st Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows the state in which a roller exists in an engagement position, (b) is the roller moved to the engagement release position Diagram showing the state It is the fragmentary sectional view which shows the one-way clutch of 2nd Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows the state in which a roller exists in an engagement position, (b) is the roller moved to the engagement release position Diagram showing the state It is the fragmentary sectional view which shows the one way clutch of 3rd Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows the state in which a roller exists in an engagement position, (b) is the roller moved to the disengagement position Diagram showing the state It is a fragmentary sectional view showing a one way clutch of a 4th embodiment of this invention, (a) is a figure showing a state where a roller is in an engagement position, and (b) is a roller moved to an engagement release position. Diagram showing the state It is a fragmentary sectional view which shows the one-way clutch of 5th Embodiment of this invention, (a) is a figure which shows the state which has a sprag in an engagement attitude | position, (b) is an attitude | position change to an engagement release attitude | position. Figure showing the state

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Outer ring 2 Roller 3 Elastomer 4 Pocket 5 Cam surface 6 Shaft 7 Cylindrical surface 11 Outer ring 12 Cage 13 Roller 14 Elastomer 15 Pocket 16 Cam surface 17 Shaft 18 Cylindrical surface 21 Outer ring 22 Inner ring 23 Cage 24 Roller 25 Elastomer 26 Pocket 27 Cam Surface 28 Cylindrical surface 31 Outer ring 32 Inner ring 33 Cage 34 Roller 35 Elastomer 36 Pocket 37 Cam surface 38 Cylindrical surface 41 Outer ring 42 Inner ring 44 Sprag 45 Elastomer 47 Cylindrical surface 48 Cylindrical surface

Claims (5)

  A plurality of pockets (4) are formed in the inner periphery of the outer ring (1) at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the outer periphery of the shaft (6) inserted into the outer ring (1) is inserted into the pocket (4). A cam surface (5) that gradually narrows the distance from the cylindrical surface (7) along the circumferential direction is formed. The roller (2) is accommodated in the pocket (4), and the roller (2) is connected to the outer ring ( The roller (1) is movable between an engagement position that engages between the cam surface (5) of the shaft 1 and the cylindrical surface (7) of the shaft (6) and an engagement release position that releases the engagement. In the one-way clutch provided with an elastic body that urges 2) from the disengagement position toward the engagement position, the elastic body is composed of an elastomer (3) filled in the pocket (4). And one-way clutch.   An annular retainer (12) having a plurality of pockets (15) is inserted into the outer ring (11) at intervals in the circumferential direction, and the inner ring of the retainer (12) is inserted into the inner periphery of the outer ring (11). A cam surface (16) is formed which gradually narrows the interval between the outer periphery of the shaft (17) inserted into the cylindrical surface (18) along the circumferential direction, and a roller is provided in the pocket (15) of the cage (12). (13) is received, and the roller (13) is engaged between the cam surface (16) of the outer ring (11) and the cylindrical surface (18) of the shaft (17), and the engagement thereof. In the one-way clutch provided with an elastic body that is movable between the engagement release positions for releasing the roller and biases the roller (13) from the engagement release position toward the engagement position, the elastic body is It is characterized by comprising an elastomer (14) filled in a pocket (15) Direction clutch.   An inner ring (22) is inserted into the outer ring (21), and an annular retainer (23) having a plurality of pockets (26) spaced in the circumferential direction between the outer ring (21) and the inner ring (22). ) Is formed on the inner periphery of the outer ring (21) to form a cam surface (27) that gradually narrows the distance from the outer peripheral cylindrical surface (28) of the inner ring (22) along the circumferential direction, The roller (24) is accommodated in the pocket (26) of the cage (23), and the roller (24) is attached to the cam surface (27) of the outer ring (21) and the cylindrical surface (28) of the inner ring (22). An elastic body is provided that is movable between an engagement position that engages between the engagement position and an engagement release position that releases the engagement, and biases the roller (24) from the engagement release position toward the engagement position. In the one-way clutch, the elastic body is filled with the elastic material in the pocket (26). One-way clutch, characterized in that configured in Ma (25).   An inner ring (32) is inserted into the outer ring (31), and an annular retainer (33) having a plurality of pockets (36) spaced circumferentially between the outer ring (31) and the inner ring (32). ) Is formed on the outer periphery of the inner ring (32) to form a cam surface (37) that gradually narrows the distance from the inner peripheral cylindrical surface (38) of the outer ring (31) along the circumferential direction, The roller (34) is accommodated in the pocket (36) of the cage (33), and the roller (34) is attached to the cylindrical surface (38) of the outer ring (31) and the cam surface (37) of the inner ring (32). An elastic body is provided that is movable between an engagement position that engages between the engagement position and an engagement release position that releases the engagement, and biases the roller (34) from the engagement release position toward the engagement position. In the one-way clutch, the elastic body is filled with the elastic material in the pocket (36). One-way clutch, characterized in that configured in Ma (35).   An inner ring (42) is inserted into the outer ring (41), and a plurality of sprags (44) are assembled in the circumferential direction between the outer ring (41) and the inner ring (42), and the sprags (44) are inserted. Between the engagement posture that engages between the cylindrical surface (47) on the inner periphery of the outer ring (41) and the cylindrical surface (48) on the outer periphery of the inner ring (42) and the engagement release posture that releases the engagement. In a one-way clutch provided with an elastic body that can change its posture and urges its sprag (44) in a direction to change its posture from the disengaged posture to the engaged posture, the elastic body is connected to the outer ring (41). A one-way clutch comprising an elastomer (45) filled between the inner rings (42).

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