JP2008229611A - Dehydrator of excavated earth and sand - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To efficiently dehydrate excavated earth and sand while supporting transportation load of the excavated earth and sand and further preventing clogging by the excavated earth and sand. <P>SOLUTION: A belt conveyer 1 is constituted of a dehydration mechanism 1a and a pressurization mechanism 1b. In the dehydration mechanism 1a, a water permeable belt 2 and a water permeable sheet 3 are constituted so that transportation speeds of both may become equal and further a rear face of the water permeable sheet 3 is superposed on a surface of the water permeable belt 2 in a transportation region A. A pressurizing belt 32 of the pressurization mechanism 1b is arranged so that its circulation pathway circulates inversely to circulation pathways of the water permeable belt 2 and of the water permeable sheet 3 and the pressurization mechanism 1b is equipped with a pair of transit angle adjusting rollers 35, 35 for adjusting a transit angle of the pressurizing belt 32 so that the pressurizing belt 32 is apart from a surface of the water permeable sheet 3 only by a predetermined distance in the transportation region A and a pressurizing roller 36 arranged between a pair of transit angle adjusting rollers. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an excavating earth and sand dewatering device for dehydrating excavated earth and sand having a high water content.

  In the mud pressure shield method, excavated earth and sand taken into the chamber of the shield machine is carried to the ground by a mud pump, a screw conveyor, a belt conveyor, etc., and stored in an earth and sand pit.

  Here, the mud pressure shield has a high moisture content of the excavated earth and sand because of the stability of the face by the mud pressure, so it is handled as industrial waste and the disposal cost is high. In addition, since a large amount of water is contained in the gaps between the soil particles, the weight per unit volume is large and the transportation cost is high. Furthermore, because of tunnel excavation, the amount of excavated sediment is enormous.

  Here, if the excavated sediment is dried by a method such as sun drying, the moisture content will decrease and it can be used as general residual soil, but securing a vast site for sun drying in urban areas is not possible. Not realistic. In addition, if the water content ratio is reduced and the strength is improved by adding cement-based materials such as lime, it can be reused as construction materials. The material cost and the work cost for the addition become high, and it is difficult to apply in terms of economy, coupled with securing the processing site. Moreover, since the pH increases due to the addition of cement-based materials, disposal as general residual soil may be difficult.

  For this reason, various attempts have been made in the past to efficiently reduce the volume and weight of excavated sediment.

JP-A-9-206759 Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 7-214094 Japanese Utility Model Publication No. 6-66890

  For example, Patent Document 1 discloses a vacuum suction-type dewatering conveyor that includes a mesh belt and a vacuum unit that forcibly vacuum-sucks from the lower side of the mesh belt. According to the vacuum suction-type dewatering conveyor, It is stated that the initial cost of the dehydrator can be reduced.

  However, in such a configuration, since it is necessary to give the mesh belt all three roles of dewatering of excavated earth and sand, prevention of clogging, and support of transport load of earth and sand, there are inevitably many restrictions in producing the mesh belt, There has been a problem that the cost, function, and design flexibility are not sufficient.

  The present invention has been made in consideration of the above-described circumstances, and is capable of efficiently dewatering excavated sediment while supporting the transport load of excavated sediment and preventing clogging due to the excavated sediment. An object of the present invention is to provide a dehydration apparatus.

In order to achieve the above object, an excavated earth and sand dewatering apparatus according to the present invention comprises an endless water-permeable belt that is stretched between a first head pulley and a first tail pulley, as described in claim 1. And the second head pulley and the second tail pulley so that the conveying speed becomes equal to the conveying speed of the water-permeable belt and the back surface is overlapped with the surface of the water-permeable belt in a predetermined conveying section. An endless water-permeable sheet having water permeability and soil particle blocking properties, and moisture in excavated earth and sand placed on the water-permeable sheet in the transport section via the water-permeable sheet and the water-permeable belt. A dehydration mechanism comprising a suction mechanism for suction and removal;
Arranged above the dewatering mechanism, the circulation path is opposite to the circulation path of the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet, and the circulation speed is equal to the conveyance speed of the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet. An endless pressure belt stretched between the third head pulley and the third tail pulley, and the pressure belt is separated from the surface of the water-permeable sheet in the conveying section by a predetermined distance. The pressure mechanism includes a pair of travel angle adjustment rollers for adjusting the travel angle of the pressure belt, and a pressure mechanism disposed between the pair of travel angle adjustment rollers.

  Moreover, the dewatering device for excavated earth and sand according to the present invention has an endless permeable belt stretched between the first head pulley and the first tail pulley, and the conveying speed is as described in claim 2. Water permeability and soil spanned between the second head pulley and the second tail pulley so that the back surface of the water-permeable belt is equal to the transport speed of the water-permeable belt and overlapped with the surface of the water-permeable belt in a predetermined transport section. Endless water permeable sheet having particle blocking properties, and suction for removing moisture in excavated earth and sand placed on the water permeable sheet in the conveying section through the water permeable sheet and the water permeable belt A dehydration mechanism comprising a mechanism,

  Arranged above the dewatering mechanism, the circulation path is opposite to the circulation path of the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet, and the circulation speed is equal to the conveyance speed of the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet. An endless pressure belt stretched between the third head pulley and the third tail pulley, and the pressure belt and the water-permeable sheet in the conveying section installed on the back side of the pressure belt. The pressure mechanism includes a pressure mechanism including a pressure roller whose separation distance is adjustable.

  In the excavating earth and sand dewatering device according to the present invention, the installation height of the pressure roller is adjusted so that the separation distance decreases from the upstream side to the downstream side of the transport section.

  In the excavating earth and sand dewatering device according to the present invention, the suction mechanism includes a suction pump, a suction pipe connected to the suction pump, and a suction member connected to the suction pipe and having a reduced pressure space formed therein. In addition, an airtight seal is attached along the opening edge of the suction member, and the suction member is arranged so that the airtight seal is slidable on the back surface of the water-permeable belt.

  Further, the excavating earth and sand dewatering device according to the present invention forms a drainage groove on the surface of the water permeable belt and forms a drainage hole on the bottom surface of the drainage groove, and the drainage hole and the decompression space of the suction member The suction member is disposed so as to communicate with each other.

  In the dewatering device for excavated earth and sand according to the present invention, the second head pulley is also used as the first head pulley.

  In the dewatering device for excavated earth and sand according to the present invention, a fluid ejection mechanism for ejecting gas or liquid from the back side of the water permeable sheet is disposed on the return side of the water permeable sheet.

  In the dewatering device for excavated earth and sand according to the present invention, a reaction force member is disposed on the back side of the water-permeable belt so as to be slidable with the back surface of the water-permeable belt.

  In the dewatering device for excavated earth and sand according to the present invention, a vibration imparting mechanism for imparting vibration to the excavated earth and sand is arranged on the back side of the water-permeable belt.

  Moreover, the dewatering device for excavated earth and sand according to the present invention is provided with a water absorbing material on the surface of the pressure belt.

  In the excavation earth and sand dewatering apparatus according to the first invention, the suction mechanism is operated while conveying the excavation earth and sand with the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet constituting the dewatering mechanism. The conveyance speed is equal to the conveyance speed of the water-permeable belt, and the back surface is overlapped with the surface of the water-permeable belt in the conveyance section.

  Therefore, the water-permeable belt and the water-permeable sheet play a role of supporting the conveyance load of the excavated earth and sand to be dewatered and the latter preventing the passage of soil particles, and are included in the excavated earth and sand being conveyed. Moisture is discharged to the outside by the suction mechanism and is removed by suction through the water-permeable sheet and the water-permeable belt, and the moisture content of the excavated soil is thus reduced.

  On the other hand, the pressure belt constituting the pressure mechanism circulates at the same conveyance speed as the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet and adjusts a pair of travel angles so as to be separated from the surface of the water permeable sheet in the conveyance section by a predetermined distance. The running angle is adjusted by a roller.

  Therefore, the excavated earth and sand are conveyed while being sandwiched between the pressure belt, the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet, and are pressurized by a pressure roller disposed between the pair of travel angle adjusting rollers during the conveyance. Is done.

  Therefore, the dewatering action of the excavated sediment by the dewatering mechanism is promoted by the pressurizing action of the pressurizing mechanism, and dewatering is performed with high efficiency.

  Here, as long as the pair of travel angle adjusting rollers according to the first invention can adjust the travel angle of the pressure belt so that the pressure belt is separated from the surface of the water-permeable sheet in the conveyance section by a predetermined distance, The configuration is arbitrary, and each traveling angle adjustment roller can be configured, for example, by attaching a roller body to a roller attachment body and attaching the roller attachment body to a mount via an adjustment screw.

  Regarding the dewatering device for excavated earth and sand according to the second invention, the action relating to the dewatering mechanism is the same as that of the first invention. That is, the suction mechanism is operated while conveying the excavated earth and sand with the water-permeable belt and the water-permeable sheet. The water-permeable sheet has water permeability and soil particle blocking properties, and the conveyance speed is the same as the conveyance speed of the water-permeable belt. Equally, the back surface is superimposed on the surface of the water-permeable belt in the conveying section.

  Therefore, the water-permeable belt and the water-permeable sheet play a role of supporting the conveyance load of the excavated earth and sand to be dewatered and the latter preventing the passage of soil particles, and are included in the excavated earth and sand being conveyed. Moisture is discharged to the outside by the suction mechanism and is removed by suction through the water-permeable sheet and the water-permeable belt, and the moisture content of the excavated soil is thus reduced.

  On the other hand, the pressure belt constituting the pressure mechanism circulates at the same conveyance speed as the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet, and on the back side of the pressure belt, the pressure belt and the water permeable sheet in the conveyance section are provided. A pressure roller with adjustable separation distance is arranged.

  Therefore, the excavated earth and sand are conveyed while being sandwiched between the pressure belt, the water permeable belt, and the water permeable sheet, and are pressed by the pressure roller during the conveyance.

  Therefore, the dewatering action of the excavated sediment by the dewatering mechanism is promoted by the pressurizing action of the pressurizing mechanism, and dewatering is performed with high efficiency.

  In the first invention and the second invention described above, the suction mechanism may have any configuration as long as moisture can be sucked and removed from the excavated earth and sand being conveyed via the water-permeable belt and the water-permeable sheet. A pump, a suction pipe connected to the suction pump, and a suction member connected to the suction pipe and having a reduced pressure space formed therein, and an airtight seal is formed along an opening edge of the suction member. A configuration in which the suction member is arranged so that the hermetic seal is slidable with the back surface of the water-permeable belt is conceivable.

  The structure of the permeable belt is arbitrary as long as it can pass the water sucked from the excavated sediment while supporting the loading load and transport load of the excavated sediment to be dehydrated. It is conceivable to form a groove and form a drain hole on the bottom surface of the drain groove, and arrange the suction member so that the drain hole communicates with the decompression space of the suction member.

  The first head pulley and the second head pulley may be provided separately or may be used together. However, in the case of providing them separately, the water-permeable sheet and the water-permeable belt are transported in the same way. Both head pulleys are driven and controlled to achieve speed.

  The material of the water-permeable sheet is arbitrary as long as it is a sheet having water permeability and soil particle blocking properties, and can be formed of, for example, a nonwoven fabric. Here, as described above, the water-permeable sheet plays a role of blocking the passage of the soil particles constituting the excavated earth and sand while allowing water to pass therethrough, so that maintenance is required so that clogging by the soil particles does not occur. If the fluid ejection mechanism for ejecting gas or liquid from the back side of the water permeable sheet is arranged on the return side of the water permeable sheet, the soil particles attached to the water permeable sheet can be blown away with gas or liquid. It is possible to prevent the water-permeable sheet from being clogged with soil particles.

  As long as the pressure belt can transmit the force from the pressure roller to the excavated earth and sand, it may be configured in any way. However, when a water absorbing material is provided on the surface of the pressure belt, the water absorbing material is removed from the excavated earth and sand. Since the water discharged from the water is absorbed, the load on the suction mechanism can be reduced, and as a result, the overall dewatering efficiency can be improved.

  The state in which the excavated sediment is supplied to the dewatering mechanism is arbitrary, but when a vibration imparting mechanism that imparts vibration to the excavated sediment is disposed on the back side of the water permeable belt, excavation is performed by driving the vibration imparting mechanism. It becomes possible to drain the water present in the soil particle gap of the earth and sand to the outside of the soil mass in advance, and this configuration can also improve the dewatering efficiency.

  DESCRIPTION OF EMBODIMENTS Hereinafter, an embodiment in which a dewatering device for excavated earth and sand according to the present invention is applied to a belt conveyor will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings. Note that components that are substantially the same as those of the prior art are assigned the same reference numerals, and descriptions thereof are omitted.

(First embodiment)

  FIG. 1 is a side view showing a belt conveyor according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the belt conveyor 1 according to the present embodiment includes a dehydrating mechanism 1a and a pressurizing mechanism 1b.

  The dewatering mechanism 1a includes an endless water-permeable belt 2 and an endless water-permeable sheet 3, and the water-permeable belt 2 is a head pulley 4 that is a first head pulley and a first tail pulley. It spans the tail pulley 5 and circulates between both pulleys by the drive motor 31, and the head pulley 4 also serves as the second head pulley.

  On the other hand, the water-permeable sheet 3 is stretched over the head pulley 4, the tail pulley 6 that is the second tail pulley, and the return rollers 7 a, 7 b, 7 c, and is circulated between the pulleys and between the return rollers by the drive motor 31. It has become.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the dewatering mechanism 1a has a double belt structure in which the water-permeable belt 2 circulates in the inner peripheral side in the direction of the broken line arrow and the water-permeable sheet 3 circulates in the outer peripheral side in the direction of the solid line arrow.

  As shown in FIG. 3, two drain grooves 21 and 21 having a depth of about 3 mm are formed on the surface of the water permeable belt 2 so as to be orthogonal to the transport direction, with a belt center line parallel to the transport direction as an axis of symmetry. In addition, drain holes 22 are formed on the bottom surfaces of the drain grooves.

  Such a water-permeable belt 2 can be made of a conventionally known material. In addition, wave bridges 23 and 23 are erected on both edges of the water-permeable belt 2 along the conveying direction, and serve as side guards that prevent the excavated earth and sand to be dewatered from falling down during conveyance. Plays.

  The water permeable sheet 3 is formed of a non-woven fabric so as to have water permeability and soil particle blocking properties.

  Here, the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3 are configured so that the conveying speed of both is equalized by driving the head pulley 4 by the drive motor 31 and, as can be seen well in FIG. The permeable belt 2 is stretched over the head pulley 4 and the tail pulley 5 so that the back surface of the permeable sheet 3 is superimposed on the surface of the permeable belt 2 in the conveyance section A, and the permeable sheet 3 is attached to the head pulley 4 and the return roller 7a. , 7b, 7c and the tail pulley 6.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the dewatering mechanism 1 a sucks and removes moisture in excavated earth and sand placed on the water permeable sheet 3 in the conveyance section A described above via the water permeable sheet and the water permeable belt 2. The suction mechanism includes a suction pump 10, a suction pipe 9 connected to the suction pump, and a suction member 8 having a box cross-section in communication with the suction pipe and having a reduced pressure space formed therein. It consists of

  The conveyance section A may have a length required for dewatering as a basic length, and the basic length may be appropriately increased according to a necessary conveyance distance required as a belt conveyor.

  As shown in FIG. 3, the suction member 8 has an airtight seal 24 attached along the edge of the opening, so that the airtight seal is slidable with the back surface of the water permeable belt 2, and the water permeable belt 2. The drainage holes 22 formed in the upper portion are arranged along the transport direction of the water-permeable belt 2 so as to communicate with the decompression space of the suction member 8.

  The hermetic seal 24 may be formed of, for example, ultra high molecular polyethylene having a small friction coefficient.

  The dehydrating mechanism 1 a has a fluid ejecting mechanism 13 for ejecting air disposed on the return side of the water permeable sheet 3, and excavating the air from the back side of the water permeable sheet 3, thereby excavating the water permeable sheet 3. The soil particles of the earth and sand are blown away, and the water-permeable sheet 3 can be prevented from being clogged with the soil particles.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the pressurizing mechanism 1b is disposed above the dehydrating mechanism 1a, and is endlessly stretched between a head pulley 33 that is a third head pulley and a tail pulley 34 that is a third tail pulley. A pressure belt 32 having a shape is provided.

  Here, as can be clearly seen in FIG. 2, the circulation path of the pressure belt 32 is opposite to the circulation path of the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3 (counterclockwise in the figure), that is, clockwise in the figure. Thus, the head pulley 33 and the tail pulley 34 are stretched so that the circulation speed is equal to the conveyance speed of the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3.

  The pressure mechanism 1b includes a pair of travel angle adjustment rollers 35 and 35 that adjust the travel angle of the pressure belt 32 so that the pressure belt 32 is separated from the surface of the water-permeable sheet 3 in the conveyance section A by a predetermined distance; And a pressure roller 36 disposed between the pair of travel angle adjusting rollers.

  Here, as shown in FIG. 4, each traveling angle adjustment roller 35 is configured by attaching a roller body 51 to a roller attachment body 52 and attaching the roller attachment body to a mount 54 via an adjustment screw 53. According to the configuration, the pressure belt 32 is pressed from the back surface by the roller body 51 to determine the traveling angle of the pressure belt, and the installation height of the roller body 51 is adjusted by the adjustment screw 53, The pressing position of the pressure belt 32 can be adjusted.

  The pressure roller 36 is attached to the gantry 54 via a U-shaped frame 55 and adjustment screws 56, 56. With this configuration, pressure can be loaded on the pressure belt 32 from the back surface thereof. The installation height of the U-shaped frame 55 is adjusted by the adjusting screws 56, 56, and the pressure acting position of the pressure belt 32 can be adjusted.

  The belt conveyor 1 according to the present embodiment includes a hopper 14 for introducing excavated earth and sand, and a belt conveyor 15 that functions as a supply feeder is disposed below the hopper 14, and the excavated earth and sand introduced into the hopper 14 are belted. The conveyor 15 can supply the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3 constituting the dewatering mechanism 1a to the conveyance start position.

  In order to dewater the excavated earth and sand using the belt conveyor 1 according to the present embodiment, first, the excavated earth and sand to be dehydrated is put into the hopper 14. Excavation sediments include all excavation sediments having a high water content ratio generated in civil engineering construction work, for example, excavation sediments generated in mud pressure shield construction. As such excavated earth and sand, for example, what has been conveyed from a belt conveyor installed on the upstream side may be put into the hopper 14.

  Next, the excavated earth and sand thrown into the hopper 14 is transferred by the belt conveyor 15, and placed on the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3 at the transfer start position (start point of the transfer section A).

  Here, the water-permeable sheet 3 has water permeability and soil particle blocking properties, and drain holes 22 are formed in the water-permeable belt 2 on which the water-permeable sheet is stacked. Further, the suction member 8 is formed in the permeable belt 2 so that the airtight seal 24 attached to the opening edge thereof is slidable on the back surface of the permeable belt 2 and a decompression space which is a box cross-sectional space. It arrange | positions so that it may communicate with the drain hole 22 made.

  Therefore, when the suction pump 10 is driven and the air in the decompression space formed in the suction member 8 is extracted, the moisture in the excavated soil is separated from the soil particles and discharged to the outside. And while this water | moisture content is isolate | separated from the soil particle by the filtration effect | action by the water-permeable sheet 3, it passes through this water-permeable sheet, and is further collected in the drain groove 21 of the water-permeable belt 2, and then through the water drain hole 22. It flows through the suction pipe 9 and is drained.

  On the other hand, the pressure belt 32 constituting the pressure mechanism 1b circulates at the same conveyance speed as the water permeable belt 2 and the water permeable sheet 3, and is separated from the surface of the water permeable sheet 3 in the conveyance section A by a predetermined distance. Further, the traveling angle is adjusted by a pair of traveling angle adjusting rollers 35, 35.

  Therefore, as shown in FIG. 4, the excavated earth and sand 57 is conveyed while being sandwiched between the pressure belt 32, the water permeable belt 2 and the water permeable sheet 3, and a pair of travel angle adjusting rollers 35, The pressure is applied by a pressure roller 36 disposed between the two.

  Therefore, dehydration of the excavated earth and sand 57 is promoted by the pressurizing action by the pressurizing mechanism 1b. Then, the excavated earth and sand whose moisture content has been reduced is removed at the end point of the transport section A to the left side in FIG.

  The separation distance between the pressure belt 32 and the water permeable belt 2 and the water permeable sheet 3 may be determined as appropriate in consideration of, for example, the degree of dewatering and the processing efficiency of the excavated earth and sand. If the distance is small and processing efficiency is important, the separation distance may be large.

  On the other hand, the permeable belt 2 and the permeable sheet 3 that have finished transporting the excavated earth and sand turn around the head pulley 4, and then the permeable belt 2 returns to the tail pulley 5. It leaves and goes to the return roller 7a.

  Next, after the soil particles are removed from the water-permeable sheet 3 by air injection by the fluid injection mechanism 13 installed between the head pulley 4 and the return roller 7a, the tail pulley 6 passes through the return rollers 7a, 7b, and 7c. Then, the tail pulley 5 is placed on the permeable belt 2 again.

  As described above, according to the belt conveyor 1 according to the present embodiment, the belt structure of the dewatering mechanism 1a has a double structure, and the conveyance load of excavated earth and sand is supported by the water permeable belt 2, while the passage of soil particles is performed. Since the water-permeable sheet 3 has a role to prevent, the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3 can be manufactured according to the respective roles, and the dewatering efficiency can be greatly improved.

  Moreover, according to the belt conveyor 1 which concerns on this embodiment, the return route of the water-permeable sheet 3 which comprises the spin-drying | dehydration mechanism 1a is provided separately from the return route of the water-permeable belt 2, and it becomes a return route of the water-permeable sheet 3. Since the fluid ejecting mechanism 13 is installed, the water permeable sheet 3 can be circulated through a route that prioritizes the removal of soil particles, for example, a route in which the fluid ejecting mechanism 13 is easily installed. It becomes easy to prevent.

  Moreover, according to the belt conveyor 1 which concerns on this embodiment, since the belt structure of the spin-drying | dehydration mechanism 1a was made into the double structure, it becomes possible to replace | exchange the water-permeable sheet 3 suitably, and the water-permeable sheet 3 is clogged. A decrease in dewatering efficiency can be prevented in advance.

  Moreover, according to the belt conveyor 1 which concerns on this embodiment, the airtight seal 24 is attached along the opening edge part of the suction member 8 which comprises the spin-drying | dehydration mechanism 1a, and this airtight seal is slidable with the back surface of the water-permeable belt 2. Since the suction member 8 is arranged along the conveyance direction of the water-permeable belt 2 so that the drain hole 22 formed in the water-permeable belt 2 communicates with the decompression space of the suction member 8 In addition, the airtightness between the suction member 8 and the back surface of the water permeable belt 2 is increased, and it is possible to reduce the pressure loss due to air leakage and increase the dewatering efficiency.

  Moreover, according to the belt conveyor 1 which concerns on this embodiment, while circulating the pressurization belt 32 which comprises the pressurization mechanism 1b at the same conveyance speed as the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3, the water permeability in a conveyance area is demonstrated. Since the traveling angle is adjusted by the pair of traveling angle adjusting rollers 35, 35 so as to be separated from the surface of the sheet 3 by a predetermined distance, the excavated earth and sand are between the pressure belt 32, the permeable belt 2 and the permeable sheet 3. In addition to being transported while being sandwiched, the pressure is applied by a pressure roller 36 disposed between the pair of travel angle adjusting rollers 35 and 35 during transport.

  Therefore, the dewatering action of the excavated earth and sand by the dewatering mechanism 1a is promoted by the pressurizing action of the pressurizing mechanism 1b, and thus the excavated earth and sand can be dehydrated with higher efficiency.

  Moreover, according to the belt conveyor 1 which concerns on this embodiment, the suction member 8 is made along the conveyance direction of the water-permeable belt 2 so that the airtight seal | sticker 24 can slide with the back surface of the water-permeable belt 2 as mentioned above. Since they are arranged, the pressure loaded by the pressurizing mechanism 1b is supported by the suction member 8, and a reaction force is generated by the suction member. Incidentally, the suction member 8 may be fixed to the gantry 54, for example.

  That is, the suction member 8 not only serves to form a decompression space on the back side of the drain hole 22 formed in the water permeable belt 2, but also supports the pressure from the pressure mechanism 1 b on the back side of the water permeable belt 2. Also serves as a reaction force member.

  Therefore, the pressure by the pressurizing mechanism 1 b acts on the excavated earth and sand without escaping, and the excavated earth and sand is sufficiently dehydrated between the pressure belt 32, the water permeable belt 2, and the water permeable sheet 3.

  In the present embodiment, the head pulley 4 of the dehydrating mechanism 1a is used as the first head pulley and the second head pulley, and the drive pulley of the water permeable sheet 3 and the drive pulley of the water permeable belt 2 are combined. Instead of this, a head pulley may be provided individually. In this case, a control means for making the conveyance speed of the water-permeable sheet 3 and the conveyance speed of the water-permeable belt 2 the same is installed as necessary.

  In this embodiment, the airtight seal 24 increases the airtightness at the time of suction. However, if the pressure loss is not a problem, the airtight seal 24 may be omitted.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, although the water-permeable sheet 3 was comprised with the nonwoven fabric, as long as the passage of a soil particle can be prevented, the material is arbitrary and it replaces with a nonwoven fabric and employ | adopts the sheet | seat formed in mesh shape suitably. be able to.

  In the present embodiment, the case where the dewatering device for excavated earth and sand according to the present invention is applied to the belt conveyor has been described, but the conveyance function is not necessarily required, and the conveyance section of the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet is short. It does not matter if it cannot be substantially used as a belt conveyor.

  In this connection, as a form of use of the excavation earth and sand dewatering device according to the present invention, as a belt conveyor, as a dewatering device for excavated earth and sand that constitutes a continuous bellcon with other belt conveyors, it is appropriately disposed between the belt conveyors. In other words, it is conceivable to use it as a stationary type dewatering device for excavated soil.

  Although not particularly mentioned in the present embodiment, a reaction member may be separately provided when the pressure by the pressurizing mechanism 1b cannot be supported by the suction member 8 alone.

  FIG. 5 shows a modification in which a plurality of reaction force members 52 are arranged side by side on the back side of the water permeable belt so as to be slidable with the back surface of the water permeable belt 2.

  As can be seen from the figure, the reaction force member 52 is disposed in parallel to the conveyance axis of the water-permeable belt 2 at a position excluding the place where the suction member 8 is disposed, and does not hinder the operation of the carrier roller 51. For example, the length is set slightly shorter than the pitch of the carrier rollers 51 and 51, for example. The reaction force member 52 may be appropriately fixed to the gantry 54 like the suction member 8.

  The reaction force member 52 can be formed of ultrahigh molecular weight polyethylene having a small friction coefficient, like the airtight seal 24 attached to the opening edge of the suction member 8. In addition, the reaction force member 52 is formed of an elastic material, or an elastic member such as rubber is used so that the airtightness between the suction member 8 and the water-permeable belt 2 by the airtight seal 24 is not impaired by the installation of the reaction force member 52. Thus, the reaction force member 52 is attached to the mount 54.

  Although not particularly mentioned in the present embodiment, a porous sheet as a water absorbing material, for example, a sponge sheet, may be attached to the surface of the pressure belt 32.

  According to this configuration, since the sponge sheet absorbs water discharged from the excavated earth and sand, the load on the suction mechanism 12 can be reduced, and as a result, the dewatering efficiency of the belt conveyor 1 which is a dewatering device can be improved. It becomes possible.

  Although not particularly mentioned in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, a vibrator 61 as a vibration applying mechanism that applies vibration to the excavated earth and sand may be disposed on the back side of the water-permeable belt 2.

  In such a configuration, by driving the vibrator 61, it is possible to drain water existing in the soil particle gap of the excavated sediment in advance to the outside of the soil mass, and this configuration can also improve dewatering efficiency.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the fluid injection mechanism 13 which injects air is arrange | positioned in the return side of the water-permeable sheet 3, and the earth particle of the excavated earth and sand adhering to the water-permeable sheet 3 is blown off, and the eyes of the water-permeable sheet 3 Although clogging is prevented, a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the water-permeable sheet 3 may be provided in place of or together with the fluid ejecting mechanism 13.

(Second Embodiment)

  Next, a second embodiment will be described. Note that components that are substantially the same as those of the first embodiment are denoted by the same reference numerals, and description thereof is omitted.

  FIG. 7 is a side view showing the belt conveyor according to the present embodiment. As shown in the figure, the belt conveyor 101 according to the present embodiment includes a dehydrating mechanism 1a and a pressurizing mechanism 101b. Here, since the dehydrating mechanism 1a has already been described in the first embodiment, the description thereof is omitted here.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the pressurizing mechanism 101 b is disposed above the dehydrating mechanism 1 a and includes an endless pressurizing belt 32 that is stretched over the head pulley 33 and the tail pulley 34. As can be clearly seen in FIG. 8, the pressure belt 32 has a circulation path that is opposite to the circulation path of the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3 (counterclockwise in the figure), that is, clockwise in the figure. After passing through the head pulley 33, the tail pulley 34, the tension pulley 103, and the bend pulley 105, and passing through the opposite bend pulley 104 and the tension pulley 102, the head pulley 33 is bridged and the circulation speed is increased. The conveyance speed of the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3 is configured to be equal.

  Six pressure rollers 136 are disposed between the bend pulleys 104 and 105 on the back side of the pressure belt 32, and the pressure rollers are configured such that their installation heights are variable. With this configuration, the separation distance between the pressure belt 32 and the water permeable sheet 3 in the conveyance section A can be arbitrarily adjusted.

  That is, as shown in FIG. 9, three pressure rollers 136 are attached to the horizontal members of the two sets of U-shaped frames 55 and 55, and a pair of vertical members rising from both ends of the horizontal members. The upper end is attached to the pedestal 54 via height adjustment mechanisms 141 and 141, and the installation height of each U-shaped frame 55 can be adjusted by the height adjustment mechanism.

  As shown in FIG. 2B, the height adjusting mechanism 141 connects a rod 142 that passes vertically through the gantry 54 and a lower end of the rod to a web 143 provided on a vertical member of the U-shaped frame 55. The nuts 144, 144, and a coil spring 145 arranged concentrically with the rod 142 so that the lower end is fixed near the lower side of the rod 142 and the upper end is in contact with the lower surface of the gantry 54. 144, the installation height of the U-shaped frame 55 with respect to the gantry 54, and thus the installation height of the pressure roller 136, can be adjusted to a desired position.

  The belt conveyor 101 according to the present embodiment includes a hopper 14 into which excavated earth and sand are placed, and a belt conveyor 15 that functions as a supply feeder is disposed below the hopper 14, and the excavated earth and sand introduced into the hopper 14 are belted. The conveyor 15 can supply the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3 constituting the dewatering mechanism 1a to the conveyance start position.

  In order to dewater the excavated earth and sand using the belt conveyor 101 according to the present embodiment, first, the excavated earth and sand to be dehydrated is put into the hopper 14. Excavation sediments include all excavation sediments having a high water content ratio generated in civil engineering construction work, for example, excavation sediments generated in mud pressure shield construction. As such excavated earth and sand, for example, what has been conveyed from a belt conveyor installed on the upstream side may be put into the hopper 14.

  Next, the excavated earth and sand thrown into the hopper 14 is transferred by the belt conveyor 15, and placed on the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3 at the transfer start position (start point of the transfer section A).

  Here, the water-permeable sheet 3 has water permeability and soil particle blocking properties, and drain holes 22 are formed in the water-permeable belt 2 on which the water-permeable sheet is stacked. Further, the suction member 8 is formed in the permeable belt 2 so that the airtight seal 24 attached to the opening edge thereof is slidable on the back surface of the permeable belt 2 and a decompression space which is a box cross-sectional space. It arrange | positions so that it may communicate with the drain hole 22 made.

  Therefore, when the suction pump 10 is driven and the air in the decompression space formed in the suction member 8 is extracted, the moisture in the excavated soil is separated from the soil particles and discharged to the outside. And while this water | moisture content is isolate | separated from the soil particle by the filtration effect | action by the water-permeable sheet 3, it passes through this water-permeable sheet, and is further collected in the drain groove 21 of the water-permeable belt 2, and then through the water drain hole 22. It flows through the suction pipe 9 and is drained.

  On the other hand, the pressure belt 32 constituting the pressure mechanism 101b circulates at the same conveyance speed as the water permeable belt 2 and the water permeable sheet 3, and the pressure belt 32 is predetermined from the surface of the water permeable sheet 3 in the conveyance section A. A pressure roller 136 is disposed on the back side of the pressure belt so as to be separated by a distance.

  In this way, as shown in FIG. 9, the excavated earth and sand 57 is conveyed while being sandwiched between the pressure belt 32, the water permeable belt 2 and the water permeable sheet 3, and is also conveyed by the pressure roller 136 during the conveyance. Since the pressure is applied, dehydration is promoted by the pressurizing action of the pressurizing mechanism 101b. Then, the excavated earth and sand from which moisture has been removed and the water content ratio has fallen are carried out to the left side in FIG.

In addition, the pressurizing mechanism 101b according to the present embodiment can adjust the separation distance of the pressurizing belt 32 from the water-permeable sheet 3 by the height adjusting mechanism 141, that is, the following two patterns:
(a) A pattern for adjusting the separation distance from the water-permeable sheet while maintaining a parallel relationship with the water-permeable sort 3 in a part or all of the conveyance section A

  (b) A pattern for adjusting the separation distance from the water-permeable sheet 3 in a part or all of the conveyance section A so as to gradually decrease along the conveyance direction.

Can be appropriately selected or combined.

  For example, when applying the pattern (a) according to the transport amount of the excavated earth and sand 57, the separation distance may be increased when the transport amount is large, and the separation distance may be decreased when the transport amount is small. By adjusting in this way, predetermined pressure dehydration can be performed regardless of the transport amount of the excavated earth and sand 57.

  In the present embodiment, in particular, the pattern (b) can be adopted according to the soil properties. That is, when the excavated earth and sand 57 is relatively hard, air escapes from the cracks and cracks generated in the middle of the transport section A or from the beginning, and efficient dewatering even if the depressurization operation by the dewatering mechanism 1a is performed. The situation that cannot be done occurs. In addition, cracks and cracks progress with shrinkage due to the dehydration process, and it is expected that the decompression operation becomes more difficult on the downstream side of the conveyance section A. Furthermore, since the excavated sediment 57 is hard, it is expected that the pressure applied by the pressure belt 32 is biased only to the excavated sediment in the vicinity of the belt center, for example, and the applied pressure does not reach the excavated sediment in the vicinity of the belt edge.

In such a case, as shown in FIG. 9A, the separation distance of the pressure belt 32 from the water-permeable sheet 3 is h ₁ on the upstream side of the conveyance section A and h ₂ (h ₂ < Each height adjusting mechanism 141 is operated so that h ₁ ).

  In this way, the excavated earth and sand 57 is pressed so that the layer thickness decreases along the conveying section A and the volume further shrinks, and no cracks or cracks are generated. Even if cracks occur, they close quickly.

  On the other hand, the permeable belt 2 and the permeable sheet 3 that have finished transporting the excavated earth and sand turn around the head pulley 4, and then the permeable belt 2 returns to the tail pulley 5. It leaves and goes to the return roller 7a.

  Next, after the soil particles are removed from the water-permeable sheet 3 by air injection by the fluid injection mechanism 13 installed between the head pulley 4 and the return roller 7a, the tail pulley 6 passes through the return rollers 7a, 7b, and 7c. Then, the tail pulley 5 is placed on the permeable belt 2 again.

  As described above, according to the belt conveyor 101 according to the present embodiment, the belt structure of the dewatering mechanism 1a has a double structure, and the conveyance load of excavated earth and sand is supported by the water permeable belt 2, while the passage of soil particles is performed. Since the water-permeable sheet 3 has a role to prevent, the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3 can be manufactured according to the respective roles, and the dewatering efficiency can be greatly improved.

  Moreover, according to the belt conveyor 101 which concerns on this embodiment, the return route of the water-permeable sheet 3 which comprises the spin-drying | dehydration mechanism 1a is provided separately from the return route of the water-permeable belt 2, and it becomes a return route of the water-permeable sheet 3. Since the fluid ejecting mechanism 13 is installed, the water permeable sheet 3 can be circulated through a route that prioritizes the removal of soil particles, for example, a route in which the fluid ejecting mechanism 13 is easily installed. It becomes easy to prevent.

  Moreover, according to the belt conveyor 101 which concerns on this embodiment, since the belt structure of the spin-drying | dehydration mechanism 1a was made into the double structure, it becomes possible to replace the water-permeable sheet 3 suitably, and the water-permeable sheet 3 is clogged. A decrease in dewatering efficiency can be prevented in advance.

  Moreover, according to the belt conveyor 101 which concerns on this embodiment, the airtight seal 24 is attached along the opening edge part of the suction member 8 which comprises the spin-drying | dehydration mechanism 1a, and this airtight seal is slidable with the back surface of the water-permeable belt 2. Since the suction member 8 is arranged along the conveyance direction of the water-permeable belt 2 so that the drain hole 22 formed in the water-permeable belt 2 communicates with the decompression space of the suction member 8 In addition, the airtightness between the suction member 8 and the back surface of the water permeable belt 2 is increased, and it is possible to reduce the pressure loss due to air leakage and increase the dewatering efficiency.

  Moreover, according to the belt conveyor 101 which concerns on this embodiment, as above-mentioned, the suction member 8 is made along the conveyance direction of the water-permeable belt 2 so that the airtight seal | sticker 24 can slide with the back surface of the water-permeable belt 2. As shown in FIG. Since they are arranged, the pressure loaded by the pressurizing mechanism 101b is supported by the suction member 8, and a reaction force is generated by the suction member. Incidentally, the suction member 8 may be fixed to the gantry 54, for example.

  That is, the suction member 8 not only serves to form a decompression space on the back side of the drain hole 22 formed in the water permeable belt 2, but also supports the pressure from the pressure mechanism 101 b on the back side of the water permeable belt 2. Also serves as a reaction force member.

  Therefore, the pressure by the pressurizing mechanism 101 b acts on the excavated earth and sand without escaping, and the excavated earth and sand is sufficiently dehydrated between the pressure belt 32, the water permeable belt 2, and the water permeable sheet 3.

  Further, according to the belt conveyor 101 according to the present embodiment, the excavated earth and sand 57 is conveyed while being sandwiched between the pressure belt 32, the water permeable belt 2 and the water permeable sheet 3 by the pressure mechanism 101b, Since pressure is applied by the pressure roller 36 during conveyance, the dewatering action of the excavated sediment by the dewatering mechanism 1a can be promoted, and thus the excavated sediment can be dehydrated with higher efficiency.

  Moreover, according to the belt conveyor 101 which concerns on this embodiment, since the pressurization mechanism 101b was comprised so that the separation distance of the pressurization belt 32 from the water-permeable sheet 3 could be adjusted with the height adjustment mechanism 141, It is possible to optimally adjust according to the amount of excavated sediment and the soil properties.

In particular, the height adjusting mechanism 141 is operated so that the separation distance of the pressure belt 32 from the water-permeable sheet 3 is h ₁ on the upstream side of the conveyance section A and h ₂ (h ₂ <h ₁ ) on the downstream side. By doing so, it pressurizes so that a volume may shrink along the conveyance section A more.

  Therefore, it is possible to prevent the occurrence of cracks and cracks due to volume shrinkage due to dehydration or inherently hard soil, and to effectively reduce the pressure reduction operation of the dehydration mechanism 1a. Play.

  In addition, by gradually narrowing the separation distance along the transport direction, the pressure applied by the pressure roller 136 is evenly distributed to the belt edge without being biased toward the center of the belt, thereby further improving the dewatering performance. Can also be achieved.

The dehydrating apparatus according to the present embodiment is installed at the mud pressure shield construction site, and the separation distance of the pressure belt 32 from the water permeable sheet 3 is h ₁ on the upstream side of the conveyance section A, and h ₂ (h on the downstream side. _When adjusted so that ₂ <h ₁ ), it was confirmed that the cracks and cracks that were generated when the separation distance was constant did not occur at all, and that dehydration was possible to the pressed state.

  Although not particularly mentioned in the present embodiment, all the modifications described in the first embodiment can be applied to the present embodiment. For example, the drive pulley of the water permeable sheet 3 and the drive pulley of the water permeable belt 2 may be provided separately, or the airtight seal 24 may be omitted. Moreover, the water-permeable sheet 3 does not necessarily need to be a nonwoven fabric. Further, it is not necessary for the dehydrating apparatus according to the present invention to have a transport function. Further, a modification of the reaction member 52 described in FIG. 5, a modification in which a porous sheet as a water absorbing material is provided on the surface of the pressure belt 32, or a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the water permeable sheet 3 is provided separately. Variations are also possible in the second embodiment.

  Although not particularly mentioned in the present embodiment, the bend pulleys 104 and 105 are attached to the gantry 54 via a height adjustment mechanism having the same function as the height adjustment mechanism 141 to adjust the height of the pressure roller 136. In addition, the heights of the bend pulleys 104 and 105 may be adjusted.

  In such a configuration, for example, adjustment can be made so that the belt contact portions of the bend pulleys 104 and 105 and the pressure roller 136 are on the same plane, and the pressure roller 136 does not bear the tension of the pressure belt 32. It will end. In such a case, the bend pulleys 104 and 105 function as running angle adjusting rollers that adjust the running angle of the pressure belt 32.

  Although not particularly mentioned in the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 10, a vibrator 61 as a vibration applying mechanism that applies vibration to the excavated earth and sand may be disposed on the back side of the water-permeable belt 2.

  In such a configuration, by driving the vibrator 61, it is possible to drain water existing in the soil particle gap of the excavated sediment in advance to the outside of the soil mass, and this configuration can also improve dewatering efficiency.

  Moreover, in this embodiment, the fluid injection mechanism 13 which injects air is arrange | positioned in the return side of the water-permeable sheet 3, and the earth particle of the excavated earth and sand adhering to the water-permeable sheet 3 is blown off, and the eyes of the water-permeable sheet 3 Although clogging is prevented, a cleaning mechanism for cleaning the water-permeable sheet 3 may be provided in place of or together with the fluid ejecting mechanism 13.

The whole figure of the belt conveyor concerning this embodiment. The perspective view which showed the arrangement | positioning condition of the water-permeable belt 2, the water-permeable sheet 3, and the pressurization belt 32. FIG. It is a figure of the water-permeable belt 2 and the water-permeable sheet 3, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing along a BB cross section. FIG. 3 is a detailed view showing a running angle adjustment roller 35 and a pressure roller 36. It is the figure which showed the installation condition of the reaction force member 52, (a) is a top view, (b) is sectional drawing along CC cross section. The figure which showed the arrangement | positioning condition of the vibrator 61. FIG. The whole figure of the belt conveyor concerning this embodiment. The perspective view which showed the arrangement | positioning condition of the water-permeable belt 2, the water-permeable sheet 3, and the pressurization belt 32. FIG. FIG. 4 is a detailed view showing a pressure roller 136. The figure which showed the arrangement | positioning condition of the vibrator 61. FIG.

Explanation of symbols

1,101 belt conveyor (excavation soil dewatering equipment)
DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1a Dehydration mechanism 1b, 101b Pressurization mechanism 2 Water permeable belt 3 Water permeable sheet 4 Head pulley (1st head pulley)
5 Tail pulley (first tail pulley)
6 Tail pulley (second tail pulley)
8 Suction member 9 Suction tube 10 Suction pump 12 Suction mechanism 13 Fluid ejection mechanism 21 Drain groove 22 Drain hole 24 Airtight seal 32 Pressure belt 33 Head pulley (third head pulley)
34 Tail pulley (third tail pulley)
35 Traveling angle adjusting rollers 36, 136 Pressure roller 52 Reaction force member 61 Vibrator (vibration applying mechanism)
141 Height adjustment mechanism

Claims (10)

An endless permeable belt stretched between the first head pulley and the first tail pulley, the water permeable belt in a predetermined conveyance section so that the conveyance speed is equal to the conveyance speed of the water permeable belt An endless permeable sheet having water permeability and soil particle blocking property, which is stretched over the second head pulley and the second tail pulley so as to be superimposed on the surface of the conductive belt, and the water permeable sheet in the conveying section. A dehydrating mechanism comprising a suction mechanism for sucking and removing moisture in excavated earth and sand placed on a porous sheet through the water-permeable sheet and the water-permeable belt;
Arranged above the dewatering mechanism, the circulation path is opposite to the circulation path of the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet, and the circulation speed is equal to the conveyance speed of the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet. An endless pressure belt stretched between the third head pulley and the third tail pulley, and the pressure belt is separated from the surface of the water-permeable sheet in the conveying section by a predetermined distance. Excavation earth and sand comprising a pair of traveling angle adjustment rollers for adjusting the traveling angle of the pressure belt and a pressure mechanism disposed between the pair of traveling angle adjustment rollers. Dehydration equipment. An endless permeable belt stretched between the first head pulley and the first tail pulley, the water permeable belt in a predetermined conveyance section so that the conveyance speed is equal to the conveyance speed of the water permeable belt An endless permeable sheet having water permeability and soil particle blocking property, which is stretched over the second head pulley and the second tail pulley so as to be superimposed on the surface of the conductive belt, and the water permeable sheet in the conveying section. A dehydrating mechanism comprising a suction mechanism for sucking and removing moisture in excavated earth and sand placed on a porous sheet through the water-permeable sheet and the water-permeable belt;
Arranged above the dewatering mechanism, the circulation path is opposite to the circulation path of the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet, and the circulation speed is equal to the conveyance speed of the water permeable belt and the water permeable sheet. An endless pressure belt stretched between the third head pulley and the third tail pulley, and the pressure belt and the water-permeable sheet in the conveying section installed on the back side of the pressure belt. A dewatering device for excavated earth and sand, comprising a pressure mechanism comprising a pressure roller with adjustable separation distance. The excavation earth and sand dewatering device according to claim 2, wherein an installation height of the pressure roller is adjusted so that the separation distance decreases from an upstream side to a downstream side of the conveyance section. The suction mechanism includes a suction pump, a suction pipe connected to the suction pump, and a suction member that is connected to the suction pipe and has a reduced pressure space formed therein, along the opening edge of the suction member. The dewatering of excavated earth and sand according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein an airtight seal is attached and the suction member is disposed so that the airtight seal is slidable on the back surface of the water-permeable belt. apparatus. 5. A drainage groove is formed on a surface of the water permeable belt, a drainage hole is formed on a bottom surface of the drainage groove, and the suction member is disposed so that the drainage hole communicates with a decompression space of the suction member. The drilling earth and sand dewatering device described. The excavation earth and sand dewatering device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the second head pulley is also used as the first head pulley. The dewatering device for excavated earth and sand according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a fluid ejecting mechanism for ejecting gas or liquid from the back side of the water permeable sheet is disposed on the return side of the water permeable sheet. The dewatering device for excavated earth and sand according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a reaction force member is disposed on the back side of the water-permeable belt so as to be slidable with the back surface of the water-permeable belt. The dewatering device for excavated earth and sand according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a vibration imparting mechanism that imparts vibration to the excavated earth and sand is disposed on the back side of the water-permeable belt. The excavation earth and sand dewatering device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein a water absorbing material is provided on a surface of the pressure belt.

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