JP2008229249A - Peritoneal dialyzer and cassette - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a peritoneal dialyzer and a cassette which enable a reduction in the volume of dialyzing fluid left in a tube after waste liquid treatment and taken back in a peritoneal cavity. <P>SOLUTION: The peritoneal dialyzer has an injection tube for injection of a peritoneal dialyzing fluid into the peritoneal cavity of a patient and a drain tube for draining the peritoneal fluid from the peritoneal cavity, and the injection tube and the drain tube are characterized by being equipped with an attachment part for attaching the cassette joined together just anterior the peritoneal cavity, an injection pump for sending the peritoneal dialyzing fluid in the injection tube, a drain pump for sending the peritoneal dialyzing fluid in the drain tube, a clamp means for setting the flow path of the peritoneal dialyzing fluid of the injection and drain tubes, and a control means which sets the injection flow path for injection of the peritoneal dialyzing fluid into the peritoneal cavity by control of the injection pump and the clamp means in the case of the injection treatment of the peritoneal dialyzing fluid into the peritoneal cavity and also sets the drain flow path for draining the peritoneal fluid from the peritoneal cavity by control of the drain pump and the clamp means in the case of waste liquid treatment. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2009,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a peritoneal dialysis apparatus and a cassette for performing a filling process and a draining process of a peritoneal dialysis solution.

  The peritoneal dialysis machine performs both one connected to the abdominal cavity of the human body. This tube usually has a length of about 2-3 m. In the peritoneal dialysis apparatus, normally, when the first injection is performed, the tube is filled with a new dialysate before performing the injection process. This is generally called a priming operation. Therefore, in the first injection process, the dialysate injected into the abdominal cavity is all unused. However, in the second and subsequent injection processes, since the previously injected dialysis liquid has been drained, the used dialysis liquid (hereinafter referred to as residual liquid) drained in the tube remains. ing. For this reason, in the second and subsequent injection processes, first, the residual liquid in the tube is again injected into the abdominal cavity. In the drainage process, the dialysate in the tube cannot be completely discarded. This amount of drainage that cannot be discarded is generally called dead volume.

Patent Document 1 shows a small peritoneal dialysis apparatus using a disposable cassette in which a diaphragm and a heating unit are integrally formed, having a quiet flow path switching operation and high heating ability.
JP 2003-000704 A

  In the prior art described above, there is no problem that the residual liquid in the tube returns to the abdominal cavity when switching from the draining process to the liquid injection process. This is because in the case of peritoneal dialysis performed for adults, the amount of residual liquid in the tube is negligible compared to the amount of dialysate to be injected. However, peritoneal dialysis performed on children is performed with a smaller amount of dialysate than the amount of dialysate used for adult peritoneal dialysis. Accordingly, the residual liquid in the tube affects the dialysis efficiency.

  Specifically, a peritoneal dialysis apparatus usually has a capacity of about several tens of mL as a dead volume. In the case of an adult, this amount is less likely to be a problem because the amount of liquid injected at one time is about 1500 mL to 2000 mL. However, in children, the amount of one injection is about 100 mL. In this case, 10% or more of the injection volume becomes the residual liquid, which affects the dialysis efficiency.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described problems, and an object thereof is to provide a peritoneal dialysis apparatus that reduces the volume of dialysate remaining in the tube after drainage treatment and returned to the abdominal cavity again. .

  The present invention corresponding to one embodiment for solving the above-described problem is a peritoneal dialysis device for injecting a peritoneal dialysate into the abdominal cavity of a patient, and for discharging the peritoneal dialysate from the peritoneal cavity. A drainage tube, an injection means for mounting a cassette in which the injection tube and the drainage tube are joined just before the abdominal cavity, and an injection pump for feeding the peritoneal dialysate in the injection tube And a drainage pump for feeding the peritoneal dialysate in the drainage tube, a clamping means for setting a flow path for the peritoneal dialysate in the injection tube and the drainage tube, and a process for injecting the peritoneal dialysate into the abdominal cavity In the case of performing a drainage treatment, the liquid injection pump and the clamp means are controlled to set a liquid injection flow path for injecting the peritoneal dialysate into the peritoneal cavity. Drainage channel for discharging dialysate from the abdominal cavity And a controlling means for setting.

  The present invention can provide a peritoneal dialysis apparatus that reduces the volume of dialysate remaining in the tube after the drainage treatment and returned to the abdominal cavity again.

  Hereinafter, embodiments according to the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. The following embodiments do not limit the invention described in the claims, and all the combinations of features described in the embodiments are essential to the solution means of the present invention. Not exclusively.

  The peritoneal dialysis apparatus of the present invention is characterized in that a tube connected between the abdominal cavity and the cassette has a flow path for liquid injection treatment and a flow path for drainage treatment. Thereby, this peritoneal dialysis apparatus reduces the dead volume remaining in the tube after the drainage treatment, and reduces the influence on the dialysis efficiency performed on the child. Moreover, this peritoneal dialysis apparatus suppresses inject | pouring into the abdominal cavity the dialysate cooled to room temperature within a tube by having the above-mentioned tube. Furthermore, this peritoneal dialysis apparatus can discharge | emit easily the bubble contained in the dialysate detected in the peritoneal dialysis apparatus by having the above-mentioned tube.

[First Embodiment]
Hereinafter, specific embodiments will be described with reference to FIGS. 1 to 9. FIG. 1 is a diagram illustrating an example of a peritoneal dialysis device 100 according to the first embodiment. Here, only the part related to the present invention will be described. Therefore, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 of the present invention may be configured to include other components.

  The peritoneal dialyzer 100 is equipped with a cassette 101 for injecting peritoneal dialysate into the abdominal cavity. The peritoneal dialysis device 100 includes a cassette mounting unit 106, operation units 107a and 107b, and a display unit 108 that function as mounting means. The cassette 101 includes a liquid injection part 102 a, a liquid discharge part 102 b, a heating tube 103, a switching part 104, and a connection tube 105. Details of the connection tube 105 will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The cassette 101 is mounted on the cassette mounting portion 106 as indicated by an arrow 110 shown in FIG. The operation units 107a and 107b are used, for example, for inputting a start instruction when the user (patient) starts peritoneal dialysis and an end instruction when ending the peritoneal dialysis. The display unit 108 notifies the user (patient) of information, and for example, notifies the operating state of the peritoneal dialysis device 100. Here, the operating state indicates, for example, a state in which the injection process for injecting the dialysate into the abdominal cavity or the drainage process for discharging the dialysate from the abdominal cavity is completed.

  The cassette 101 is provided with a tube for feeding dialysate, a liquid injection tube for injecting the peritoneal dialysate into the abdominal cavity of the patient, and a drainage for discharging the peritoneal dialysate from the peritoneal cavity. A tube. The liquid injection tube includes a flow path for liquid injection processing of a dialysis catheter connected to the cassette 101 and the abdominal cavity of the patient. Further, the drainage tube includes a flow path for drainage treatment of the dialysis catheter. Further, the injection tube and the drainage tube are formed so as to merge immediately before the abdominal cavity in the dialysis catheter.

  Each of the liquid injection part 102a and the liquid discharge part 102b is provided with a part of a tube stretched inside the cassette 101. The liquid injection part 102a and the liquid discharge part 102b are openings so that the arranged tubes are exposed. When the cassette 101 is attached to the peritoneal dialysis device 100 to perform the liquid injection process, a liquid injection pump provided inside the peritoneal dialysis device 100 is pressed against the liquid injection part 102a. Further, when the drainage process is performed, a drainage pump provided inside the peritoneal dialysis device 100 is pressed against the drainage part 102b. The configurations of the liquid injection pump and the drainage pump will be described later with reference to FIGS.

  When the cassette 101 is attached to the peritoneal dialysis device 100, the heating tube 103 is sandwiched between heaters provided in the peritoneal dialysis device 100. Thereby, the dialysate flowing through the heating tube 103 is heated by the heater of the peritoneal dialysis device 100. The peritoneal dialysis device 100 includes the above-described heater and a heat transfer member (for example, an aluminum member). Further, the heater has an upper surface heater and a lower surface heater so as to sandwich the heating tube 103, so that the dialysate can be efficiently heated. In the heating tube 103, for example, a maximum of about 40 ml of dialysate is accommodated.

  The switching unit 104 is formed to switch the dialysate flow path that flows through a tube stretched around the cassette 101. For this reason, a plurality of switching portions 104 are formed along the tube stretched around the cassette 101. Similar to the liquid injection part 102a and the liquid discharge part 102b, the switching part 104 is an opening so that the arranged tube is exposed. Specifically, when the cassette 101 is mounted on the peritoneal dialysis device 100, a plurality of clamps functioning as clamping means provided in the peritoneal dialysis device 100 are arranged in the switching unit 104. These clamps are mainly used as a flow path for liquid injection processing or a flow path for drainage processing by opening or closing a tube stretched in the cassette 101 that passes under each switching unit 104. Switch. For example, when injecting dialysate contained in a dialysate bag, which will be described later, the flow path for injecting treatment is used in the dialysate bag, the liquid supply line, the liquid injection part 102a, the heating tube 103, and the dialysis catheter. It becomes a flow path which leads in order of the flow path for liquid injection processing. On the other hand, the flow path for drainage treatment is a flow path that leads in the order of the flow path for drainage treatment in the dialysis catheter, the drainage portion 102b, and the drainage line.

  In addition, according to the present invention, various processes can be performed by changing the switching pattern in the plurality of switching units 104 arranged in the cassette 101. For example, when air bubbles are detected in the dialysate during execution of the liquid injection process, the air bubbles can be discharged by switching to the flow path for the drainage process intermittently.

  As the constituent materials of the heating tube 103, the tube stretched around the cassette 101 and the dialysis catheter, soft resin, for example, polyethylene, polypropylene, ethylene-propylene copolymer, ethylene-vinyl acetate copolymer, respectively. Polyolefin such as (EVA), polyvinyl chloride, polyvinylidene chloride, polystyrene, polyamide, polyimide, poly- (4-methylpentene-1), ionomer, acrylic resin, polyethylene terephthalate (PET), polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) Polyesters such as styrene, polyolefin, polyvinyl chloride, polyurethane, polyester, polyamide, and other thermoplastic elastomers, silicone resins, polyurethane, etc., or copolymers mainly composed of these Blend, a polymer alloy and the like, can be used singly or in combination of two or more of these (e.g., a laminate of two or more layers).

  Next, the details of the peritoneal dialysis device 100 and the cassette 101 will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 2 is a view showing the cassette 101 in a state of being attached to the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. Here, only the main components related to the present invention will be described. That is, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 and the cassette 101 of the present invention are not limited to the components described below, and may include other components.

  The peritoneal dialysis device 100 includes flow meters 202a and 202b, temperature sensors 203a and 203b, and bubble sensors 204a, 204b, 204c, 204d, and 204e in addition to the components described in FIG. Further, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 includes clamps 205a, 205b, 205c, 205d, 205e, 205f, and 205g. In addition, a dialysis catheter (peritoneal line) 210, injection lines 206a and 206b, and a drainage line 207 are connected to the cassette 101, respectively. In addition, dialysate bags 208 and 209 are connected to the injection lines 206a and 206b, respectively. Reference numeral 211 indicates a drain line connector connected to the drain line 207. Usually, the drainage line connector 211 is connected to a drainage collection bag for collecting drainage. Reference numeral 212 indicates a peritoneal line connector connected to the dialysis catheter 210. The peritoneal line connector 212 is connected to a tube inserted into the peritoneum when performing peritoneal dialysis.

  When the cassette 101 is attached to the peritoneal dialysis device 100, the flowmeters 202 (a, b) are arranged in the vicinity of the liquid injection part 102a and the liquid discharge part 102b, respectively, and the injection amount and the liquid discharge amount of the dialysate are determined. measure. The temperature sensor 203 a measures the temperature of the dialysate sent to the heating tube 103. The temperature sensor 203 b measures the temperature of the dialysate heated by the heating tube 103. These measured temperatures are used to control a heater disposed in the vicinity of the heating tube 103. Further, it is desirable to use a thermopile type infrared sensor (non-contact type temperature sensor) having a very fast response speed as the temperature sensors 203a and 203b.

  Each bubble sensor 204 (a to e) is arranged along a line (tube) through which the dialysate is fed in the cassette 101, and detects bubbles contained in the dialysate. Thereby, for example, when peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 detects air bubbles during the liquid injection process, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 controls to discharge the dialysate mixed with air bubbles. As the bubble sensor 204 (a to e), for example, an ultrasonic sensor is used. Specifically, when air bubbles are detected by the bubble sensor 204a during the liquid injection process, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 switches to the drainage process and performs the liquid injection process again when the air bubbles sensor 204b detects the air bubbles. Details of the process of discharging bubbles will be described in a third embodiment.

  Each clamp 205 (a to g) functions as a clamp unit, and is used to set a flow path for dialysate. Each clamp 205 (a to g) is controlled in cooperation with an injection pump or a drainage pump included in the peritoneal dialysis device 100. Specifically, each clamp 205 (a to g) sets the flow path of the dialysate by closing or opening the tube at the arranged position. For example, when injecting a new dialysate from the dialysate bag 208, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 drives the infusion pump and opens the tube in the clamps 205e, 205c, and 205a, and closes the tube in the other clamps. Let On the other hand, when the drainage treatment is performed, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 drives the drainage pump, opens the tube with the clamps 205b and 205g, and closes the tube with the other clamps.

  Next, the configuration of the liquid injection pumps 300a and 300b will be described with reference to FIGS. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view showing the liquid injection pump 300a according to the first embodiment. Here, the liquid injection pump 300a will be mainly described. Since the drainage pump 300b has the same configuration as the liquid injection pump 300a, the description thereof is omitted.

  The liquid injection pump 300 a includes a roller pump wheel 301 and a pump motor 302. Reference numeral 303 denotes a cassette frame for mounting the cassette 101 to the peritoneal dialysis device 100. Reference numeral 304 denotes a roller pump stator formed in the cassette 101, which is formed in accordance with the outer shape of the roller pump wheel 301. When liquid feeding is performed, the roller pump wheel 301 and the tube 305 contact each other as indicated by an arrow 306. The roller pump wheel 301 rotates in a state of being in close contact with the tube 305 disposed on the roller pump stator 304 and acts so as to squeeze the tube 305 to send out dialysate stored in the tube 305. The pump motor 302 is a power source for applying a rotational force to the roller pump wheel 301.

  FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view showing the liquid injection pump 300a and the drainage pump 300b according to the first embodiment. 4 is a view of the cross section taken along the alternate long and short dash line shown in FIG. 3 when viewed from the direction of the arrows 307a and 307b.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the liquid injection pump 300a and the drainage pump 300b include roller pump wheels 301a and 301b, respectively. During the liquid injection process, the roller pump wheel 301a and the roller pump stator 304a sandwich the tube 305a, and the dialysate in the tube 305a is fed by the rotation of the roller pump wheel 301a. During the drainage process, the roller pump wheel 301b and the roller pump stator 304b sandwich the tube 305b on the roller pump stator 304b, and send the dialysate in the tube 305b by the rotation of the roller pump wheel 301b. When the liquid injection process and the liquid discharge process are performed simultaneously, the roller pump wheel 301a and the roller pump stator 304a sandwich the tube 305a, and the roller pump wheel 301b and the roller pump stator 304b sandwich the tube 305b. The roller pump wheels 301a and 301b are connected to dedicated pump motors 302a and 302b because the rotation directions are different.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 5 thru | or FIG. 8, the liquid injection | pouring process and drainage process in 1st Embodiment are demonstrated. FIG. 5 is a diagram for explaining a liquid injection process and a liquid discharge process in a conventional peritoneal dialysis apparatus. As shown in FIG. 5, the peritoneal dialysis device 501 and the patient's abdominal cavity 502 are connected by a single tube 507. The peritoneal dialysis device 501 includes a control unit 503 that controls the feeding of the dialysate in the liquid filling process and the draining process, and a pump 504 that feeds the dialysate. During the liquid injection process, the control unit 503 supplies the dialysate to the abdominal cavity 502 using the pump 504 from the dialysate bag 505 containing unused dialysate. On the other hand, during the drainage process, the control unit 503 drains the used dialysate from the abdominal cavity 502 to the drainage collection bag 506 using the pump 504.

  Here, after the drainage process is performed, the used dialysate remains in the tube between the abdominal cavity 502 and the drainage collection bag 506. In the conventional peritoneal dialysis apparatus 501, in order to perform peritoneal dialysis again, the liquid injection process is started from this state. Therefore, since the tube 507 between the peritoneal dialysis device 501 and the abdominal cavity 502 is constituted by a single tube, the residual liquid therebetween is returned to the abdominal cavity 502 again. Specifically, the residual liquid remaining in the tube 507 having the length L1 shown in FIG. The volume of the residual liquid is about several tens mL. This amount is not negligible in peritoneal dialysis performed on children. Therefore, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 according to the present embodiment reduces the volume (dead volume) of this residual liquid as much as possible.

  FIG. 6 is a view for explaining the liquid injection process and the drainage process in the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. FIG. 7A and FIG. 7B are diagrams for explaining a liquid injection process in the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 according to the first embodiment. 8A and 8B are diagrams for explaining the drainage process in the peritoneal dialysis device 100 according to the first embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 6, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 includes a control unit 601 for controlling the liquid injection process and the liquid discharge process, a liquid injection pump 300 a and a liquid discharge pump 300 b for supplying the dialysate, Clamps 205 (a to g) are provided. Further, the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 is connected to a flow path 605 for injecting treatment and a flow path 606 for draining treatment included in the dialysis catheter 210. The control unit 601 controls the liquid injection pump 300a, the liquid discharge pump 300b, and each clamp (a to g) to set the flow paths for the liquid injection process and the liquid discharge process.

  Below, control of the control part 601 in the case of performing a liquid injection process is demonstrated. An arrow 701 shown in FIG. 7A indicates a flow path of the dialysate during the liquid injection process. The control unit 601 uses the infusion pump 300a to send the dialysate from the dialysate bag 603 to the abdominal cavity 602 via the infusion pump 300a and the infusion process flow path 605.

  Specifically, this will be described with reference to FIG. 7B. An arrow 701 similarly indicates a flow path during the liquid injection process. Here, a case where a new dialysate is supplied from the dialysate bag 208 will be described. The control unit 601 drives the injection pump 300a disposed in the injection unit 102a, and controls each of the clamps 205 (a to g) to control the dialysate flow path. Here, the control unit 601 controls each clamp to open a tube that passes through the positions of the clamps 205e, 205c, and 205a. On the other hand, the control unit 601 controls each clamp to close the tubes passing through the positions of the clamps 205b, 205d, 205f, and 205g. As a result, the dialysate flow path is in the order of the dialysate bag 208, the bubble sensor 204d, the liquid injection part 102a, the flow meter 202a, the temperature sensor 203a, the heating tube 103, and the temperature sensor along the arrow 701 in FIG. 7B. 203b, a bubble sensor 204a, and a flow path 605 for injecting the dialysis catheter 210.

  Below, control of the control part 601 in the case of performing a drainage process is demonstrated. An arrow 801 shown in FIG. 8A indicates the flow path of the dialysate during the drainage process. The control unit 601 uses the drainage pump 300b to drain the used dialysate from the abdominal cavity 602 to the drainage collection bag 604 via the drainage treatment channel 606 and the drainage pump 300b.

  Specifically, this will be described with reference to FIG. 8B. An arrow 801 similarly indicates a flow path during the drainage process. Here, a case will be described in which drainage is performed on the drainage collection bag 604 connected to the drainage line connector 211. The control unit 601 drives the drainage pump 300b disposed in the drainage unit 102b and controls the clamps 205 (a to g) to control the flow path of the dialysate. Here, the control unit 601 controls each clamp to open a tube that passes through the positions of the clamps 205b and 205g. On the other hand, the control unit 601 controls each clamp to close the tubes passing through the positions of the clamps 205a, 205c, 205d, 205e, and 205f. Thereby, the flow path of the dialysate is in order from the abdominal cavity to the drainage treatment flow path 606 of the dialysis catheter 210, the bubble sensor 204b, the flow meter 202b, the drainage section 102b, the drainage path, along the arrow 801 in FIG. 8B. A liquid recovery bag 604 is obtained.

  As described above, after the drainage treatment is performed, the used dialysate remains in the tube between the abdominal cavity 602 and the drainage collection bag 604. However, in the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, as shown in FIG. 6, the tube between the abdominal cavity 602 and the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 is a flow path 605 for liquid injection treatment and a flow path for drainage treatment. 606.

  Specifically, in the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100, a flow channel 605 for liquid injection treatment and a flow channel 606 for drainage treatment are connected to the liquid injection pump 300a and the drainage pump 300b, respectively. On the other hand, the flow path 605 for liquid injection processing and the flow path 606 for drainage treatment merge with the abdominal cavity 602 immediately before the abdominal cavity so as to form a Y-shaped tube, and are connected as a single tube. Therefore, when the liquid injection process is performed again after the drainage process, only the residual liquid contained in the tube having the length L2 shown in FIG. 6 is returned to the abdominal cavity 602 again.

  As described above, the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment separately forms the liquid treatment channel and the drainage channel in the dialysis catheter 210 connected to the abdominal cavity 602. The amount of used dialysate returned to the abdominal cavity 602 is reduced. This amount is ideally 0 mL, but it is preferable to be within 2 mL in consideration of the internal volume of the tube from the merging point. That is, as shown in the portion of length L2, the inner volume of the tube from the junction point of the flow path for liquid treatment (liquid injection tube) and the flow path for liquid discharge treatment (drainage tube) to the abdominal cavity is It is desirable to be formed to be 2 mL or less.

  As described above, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 according to the present embodiment has a flow path for liquid injection treatment and a flow path for drainage treatment, and one end is connected to the cassette, and the other A tube connected to the abdominal cavity of the patient. Thus, when the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment performs the liquid injection process after the drainage process, the residual liquid remaining in the flow path for the drainage process is not returned to the abdominal cavity again. That is, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 can reduce the volume of the residual liquid that will be returned to the abdominal cavity again.

[Second Embodiment]
Next, a second embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 9A and 9B. The peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that the cooled dialysate remaining in the flow path 605 for liquid injection processing is discharged before the liquid injection processing is performed. It is assumed that the temperature of the dialysate sent in the previous injection process remaining in the injection process flow path 605 has dropped to room temperature when a predetermined time has elapsed. Thus, injecting the dialysate having a reduced temperature into the abdominal cavity adversely affects the patient, such as disturbing the patient's sleep. For example, if the injection is performed without the initial draining operation after the completion of the priming operation, the treatment does not always start immediately after the priming operation, so the cooled dialysate is injected into the patient's abdominal cavity and the patient's sleep May interfere. Here, the priming operation refers to an operation of filling the dialysis catheter 210 with the dialysate before performing the first liquid injection process when a new cassette 101 is attached to the peritoneal dialysis device 100.

  FIG. 9A and FIG. 9B are diagrams illustrating the liquid injection process of the peritoneal dialysis device 100 according to the second embodiment. Here, only the parts different from the first embodiment will be described.

  A region 901 shows residual liquid remaining after the priming operation or when the liquid injection process is performed. Here, the control unit 601 according to the present embodiment causes the liquid injection pump 300a to feed the same amount of dialysate as the volume of the region 901 before performing the liquid injection process. Further, the control unit 601 drains the same amount of dialysate by the drainage pump 300b simultaneously with the driving of the liquid injection pump 300a. Therefore, the cooled dialysate stored in the region 901 is pushed out to the drainage treatment channel 606 by the new dialysate. Specifically, the liquid injection pump 300a and the drainage pump 300b according to the present embodiment adjust the amount of dialysate to be fed by the number of rotations of the pump motor 302. Therefore, the control unit 601 drives the pump motor 302a and the pump motor 302b at the same rotational speed.

  Here, the control unit 601 maintains the liquid feeding speed, which is the speed at which the dialysate is fed in the liquid injection process, and the drainage speed, which is the speed at which the dialysate is fed in the draining process, at the same speed. It is desirable. Specifically, the control unit 601 adjusts the speed of the dialysate sent by the injection pump 300a and the drainage pump 300b with the rotational speed of the pump motors 302a and 302b. Therefore, the control unit 601 drives the pump motor 302a and the pump motor 302b at the same rotational speed. This control of the liquid feeding speed suppresses, for example, a phenomenon in which overflowing dialysate generated when the liquid feeding speed exceeds the drainage speed is injected into the abdominal cavity. Furthermore, this control suppresses a phenomenon in which outside air is mixed into the tube, which is generated when the drainage speed exceeds the liquid feeding speed.

  Below, the flow path at the time of draining the cold dialysate performed before a liquid injection process is demonstrated with reference to FIG. 9B. An arrow 902 shown in FIG. 9B indicates a flow path when draining the cooled dialysate performed before the injection process. Here, the dialysate to be newly fed is supplied from the dialysate bag 208. The controller 601 opens the tubes at the clamps 205e, 205c, 205a, 205b, and 205g and closes the tubes at the other clamps in order to drain the cooled dialysate. Furthermore, as described above, the control unit 601 drives the liquid injection pump 300a and the drainage pump 300b at the same time. As a result, the cooled dialysate stored in the injection processing flow path 605 pushed out by the newly fed dialysate is pushed out to the drainage processing flow path 606.

  Similarly, the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment, when the liquid supply is temporarily stopped by the kink of the peritoneal line during the injection process, the dialysis fluid heated more than necessary by the heating tube 103 is removed. Can be discharged. When the peritoneal dialysis device 100 detects that the liquid feeding has been temporarily stopped by the flow meter 202a, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 discharges the dialysate remaining in the heating tube 103 through the flow path indicated by an arrow 903. Specifically, the control unit 601 opens the tube in the clamps 205e, 205c, and 205f, and closes the tube in the other clamps. Further, the control unit 601 sends the same amount of dialysate as the volume of the dialysate remaining in the heating tube 103 by the infusion pump 300a. As a result, the dialysate that has been heated more than necessary and remains in the heating tube 103 is pushed out into the new dialysate and drained.

[Third Embodiment]
Next, a third embodiment will be described with reference to FIGS. 10A to 10C. The peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 according to the present embodiment is characterized in that air bubbles mixed in the dialysate are discharged during the liquid injection process. That is, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 has a configuration in which bubbles are not injected into the abdominal cavity. FIG. 10A to FIG. 10C are diagrams illustrating the liquid injection process of the peritoneal dialysis device 100 according to the third embodiment. Here, only the parts different from the first and second embodiments will be described.

  When air bubbles are detected during the liquid injection process, the control unit 601 according to the present embodiment drives the liquid injection pump 300a and the liquid discharge pump 300b simultaneously to discharge the air bubbles. In addition, the control unit 601 includes a derivation unit 1001 that functions as a derivation unit. The deriving unit 1001 derives the arrival time at which the bubbles detected by the bubble sensor 204 (a to e) reach the confluence point 1003 where the injection processing flow path 605 and the drainage processing flow path 606 merge. To do. Therefore, the control unit 601 drives the drainage pump 300b simultaneously with the liquid injection pump 300a in a period having a predetermined time before and after the derived arrival time.

  As a result, the peritoneal dialysis device 100 can guide the air bubbles mixed in the dialysate from the channel for liquid treatment 605 to the channel for liquid drainage 606 as indicated by an arrow 1002. Here, as in the second embodiment, the control unit 601 drives the pump motor 302a and the pump motor 302b at the same rotational speed, and drives the pump motor 302a and the pump motor 302b at the same rotational speed. It is desirable to make it.

  Specifically, the deriving unit 1001 derives the arrival time from, for example, the time when the bubble is detected, the position of the bubble sensor that detects the bubble, and the flow rate of the dialysate. Here, it is assumed that the bubble sensor 204a shown in FIG. 10B has detected a bubble. In this case, the derivation unit 1001 uses the time when the bubble sensor 204a detects the bubble, the predetermined distance from the bubble sensor 204a to the merging point 1003, and the rotation speed of the pump motor 302a, and the merging point 1003. The arrival time at which the bubbles reach is derived. Accordingly, the control unit 601 can intermittently switch to the flow path indicated by the arrow 1002 in order to discharge the bubbles from the flow path during the liquid injection process indicated by the arrow 1004.

  Further, when the bubble sensor 204d detects a bubble, the control unit 601 may discharge the bubble only by driving the liquid injection pump 300a. Specifically, when the bubble sensor 204d detects a bubble, the derivation unit 1001 detects a time when the bubble sensor 204d detects the bubble, a predetermined distance from the bubble sensor 204d to the clamp 205a, and a pump motor 302a. Is used to derive the arrival time at which the bubbles reach the clamp 205a. The control unit 601 closes the tube with the clamp 205a and opens the tube with the clamp 205f in a period having a predetermined time before and after the derived arrival time. As a result, the dialysate mixed with bubbles is discharged through the flow path indicated by the arrow 1005 in FIG. 10C.

It is a figure which shows an example of the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure which shows the cassette 101 of the state with which the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 which concerns on 1st Embodiment was mounted | worn. It is sectional drawing which shows the liquid injection pump 300a which concerns on 1st Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the liquid injection pump 300a and the drainage pump 300b which concern on 1st Embodiment. It is a figure explaining the injection process and drainage process in the conventional peritoneal dialysis apparatus. It is a figure explaining the liquid injection process and drainage process in the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 which concerns on 1st Embodiment. , It is a figure explaining the liquid injection process in the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 which concerns on 1st Embodiment. , It is a figure explaining the drainage process in the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 which concerns on 1st Embodiment. , It is a figure explaining the liquid injection process of the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 which concerns on 2nd Embodiment. , , It is a figure explaining the liquid injection process of the peritoneal dialysis apparatus 100 which concerns on 3rd Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

100: peritoneal dialysis device 101: cassette 102a: liquid feeding part 102b: drainage part 103: heating part 104: switching part 105: connection tube

Claims (8)

A peritoneal dialysis device,
A liquid injection tube for injecting peritoneal dialysate into the abdominal cavity of a patient; and a drainage tube for discharging peritoneal dialysate from the abdominal cavity, wherein the liquid injection tube and the drainage tube are disposed in the abdominal cavity. Mounting means for mounting the cassette that has just joined,
An infusion pump for delivering peritoneal dialysis fluid in the infusion tube;
A drainage pump for feeding peritoneal dialysis fluid in the drainage tube;
Clamping means for setting a flow path for the peritoneal dialysis fluid of the liquid injection tube and the drainage tube;
When injecting the peritoneal dialysate into the abdominal cavity, the infusion channel for injecting the peritoneal dialysate into the abdominal cavity is set by controlling the infusion pump and the clamping means, and the drainage process is performed. A peritoneal dialysis apparatus comprising: a control means for controlling the drainage pump and the clamping means to set a drainage flow path for discharging the peritoneal dialysate from the abdominal cavity when performing. The control means includes
When draining the peritoneal dialysate remaining in the liquid injection tube, the liquid injection pump is driven simultaneously with the drainage pump and the remaining peritoneal dialysate is drained by controlling the clamp means. The peritoneal dialysis apparatus according to claim 1, wherein a flow path is set. A plurality of bubble sensors for detecting bubbles contained in the peritoneal dialysate,
The control means includes
When air bubbles are detected during the liquid injection process, the drainage pump is driven simultaneously with the liquid injection pump, and the flow path for discharging the air bubbles is controlled by controlling the clamping means. The peritoneal dialysis device according to claim 1 or 2. The control means includes
Derivation means for deriving the arrival time at which the detected air bubble reaches the confluence of the liquid injection tube and the liquid discharge tube;
4. The peritoneal dialysis device according to claim 3, wherein the drainage pump is driven simultaneously with the liquid injection pump in a period having a predetermined time before and after the derived arrival time. The derivation means includes
The peritoneal dialysis apparatus according to claim 4, wherein the arrival time is derived from the time when the bubble is detected, the position of the bubble sensor that detects the bubble, and the flow rate of the peritoneal dialysate. The control means includes
When simultaneously driving the liquid injection pump and the drainage pump, the rotational speed and rotational speed of the drive motor for driving the liquid injection pump, the rotational speed of the drive motor for driving the liquid discharge pump, and The peritoneal dialysis apparatus according to any one of claims 2 to 5, wherein the rotational speed is the same.   The peritoneal dialysis device according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein an inner volume of the tube from a confluence of the liquid injection tube and the drainage tube to the abdominal cavity is 2 mL or less. A cassette for performing an infusion process for injecting peritoneal dialysate into the peritoneal cavity and a draining process for discharging the peritoneal dialysate from the abdominal cavity,
An injection tube for injecting peritoneal dialysate into the abdominal cavity of the patient;
A drainage tube for draining peritoneal dialysate from the abdominal cavity,
The cassette, wherein the liquid injection tube and the drainage tube are joined immediately before the abdominal cavity.

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