JP2008224156A - Heat pump type water heater - Google Patents

Heat pump type water heater Download PDF

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JP2008224156A
JP2008224156A JP2007065271A JP2007065271A JP2008224156A JP 2008224156 A JP2008224156 A JP 2008224156A JP 2007065271 A JP2007065271 A JP 2007065271A JP 2007065271 A JP2007065271 A JP 2007065271A JP 2008224156 A JP2008224156 A JP 2008224156A
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refrigerant
compressor
hot water
pressure
heat exchanger
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JP2008224156A5 (en
JP4874138B2 (en
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Kunihiro Morishita
国博 森下
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Mitsubishi Electric Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve the reliability of a compressor sliding part by suppressing the rise of pressure in restarting after the operation stop of a compressor by a pressure protective device. <P>SOLUTION: This heat pump type water heater comprises the pressure protective device 5 stopping the compressor 1 when the pressure of a refrigerant circulating circuit is a predetermined value or higher, and a control device 13 for restarting the compressor 1 by making the restriction opening of a pressure reducing device larger than a restriction opening predetermined as a normal value. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、貯湯式のヒートポンプ式給湯装置に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a hot water storage type heat pump type hot water supply apparatus.

冷媒回路の圧力保護装置が備えられたヒートポンプ式給湯装置において、圧力保護装置による圧縮機の運転停止が発生した場合、圧縮機を再起動する必要がある。従来のヒートポンプ式給湯装置には、その圧縮機を再起動する際、水循環装置の搬送量を増加させて圧縮機を再起動させているものがある（例えば、特許文献１参照）。   In a heat pump type hot water supply apparatus provided with a pressure protection device for a refrigerant circuit, when the operation of the compressor is stopped by the pressure protection device, it is necessary to restart the compressor. Some conventional heat pump hot water supply apparatuses restart the compressor by increasing the transport amount of the water circulation device when the compressor is restarted (see, for example, Patent Document 1).

特開２００６−２５８３７５号公報JP 2006-258375 A

従来のヒートポンプ式給湯装置は、減圧装置等の冷媒回路への異物の付着に伴う冷媒循環量の減少による圧力上昇、多湿条件等の外部環境要因による圧力上昇、温水タンクからの給水温度の上昇による圧力上昇に対し、圧力保護装置による頻繁な圧縮機の運転停止を回避できないという問題点があった。   The conventional heat pump type hot water supply device has a pressure increase due to a decrease in the amount of refrigerant circulating due to adhesion of foreign matter to the refrigerant circuit such as a decompression device, a pressure increase due to external environmental factors such as humid conditions, and a rise in the feed water temperature from the hot water tank. There has been a problem that due to the pressure increase, frequent shutdown of the compressor by the pressure protection device cannot be avoided.

この発明は、上記のような課題を解決するためになされたもので、第１の目的は、減圧装置等の冷媒回路への異物の付着等に起因して冷媒循環量が減少しても、圧力保護装置による圧縮機の運転停止後の再起動において、圧力の上昇を抑制して、圧縮機摺動部の信頼性を向上することを目的とするものである。   The present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and a first object is to reduce the circulation amount of the refrigerant due to adhesion of foreign matter to a refrigerant circuit such as a decompression device. An object of the present invention is to suppress the rise in pressure and improve the reliability of the compressor sliding portion in the restart after the compressor is stopped by the pressure protection device.

また、第２の目的は、外部環境要因やユーザーの使用状態により発生しうる圧力保護装置による圧縮機の運転停止に対して、その運転停止後の再起動において、頻繁な圧力保護停止を抑制して、安定した能力を得ることを目的とするものである。   In addition, the second purpose is to suppress frequent pressure protection stop at restart after the shutdown of the compressor due to the pressure protection device that may occur due to external environmental factors or user usage conditions. The purpose is to obtain a stable ability.

この発明に係るヒートポンプ式給湯装置は、圧縮機、冷媒−水熱交換器、減圧装置、蒸発器が順次接続された冷媒循環回路と、前記冷媒−水熱交換器で加熱された温水を貯湯する温水タンクと、前記冷媒−水熱交換器と前記温水タンクの間に水循環装置を備えたヒートポンプ式給湯装置において、前記冷媒回路の圧力が所定値以上の場合に前記圧縮機を停止させる圧力保護装置と、前記圧力保護装置による前記圧縮機の運転停止が発生した場合に、前記減圧装置の絞り開度を、通常値として予め定めた絞り開度より大きくして、前記圧縮機を再起動させる制御装置とを、備えたものである。
なお、前記制御装置は、前記圧力保護装置による前記圧縮機の運転停止が複数回発生した場合に、前記減圧装置の絞り開度を、その発生回数に従って大きくして、前記圧縮機を再起動させることが好ましい。 A heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention stores a hot water heated by the refrigerant-water heat exchanger, and a refrigerant circulation circuit in which a compressor, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a decompression device, and an evaporator are sequentially connected. In a heat pump hot water supply apparatus provided with a water circulation device between a hot water tank and the refrigerant-water heat exchanger and the hot water tank, a pressure protection device for stopping the compressor when the pressure of the refrigerant circuit is equal to or higher than a predetermined value And when the operation of the compressor is stopped by the pressure protection device, the throttle opening of the pressure reducing device is made larger than the throttle opening predetermined as a normal value, and the compressor is restarted. Device.
In addition, when the operation stop of the compressor by the pressure protection device occurs a plurality of times, the control device increases the throttle opening of the decompression device according to the number of occurrences and restarts the compressor. It is preferable.

また、この発明に係るヒートポンプ式給湯装置は、圧縮機、冷媒−水熱交換器、減圧装置、蒸発器が順次接続された冷媒循環回路と、前記冷媒−水熱交換器で加熱された温水を貯湯する温水タンクと、前記冷媒−水熱交換器と前記温水タンクの間に水循環装置を備えたヒートポンプ式給湯装置において、前記冷媒回路の圧力が所定値以上の場合に前記圧縮機を停止させる圧力保護装置と、前記圧力保護装置による前記圧縮機の運転停止が発生した場合に、前記冷媒−水熱交換器を出る温水の沸上げ温度の目標値を、通常値として予め定めた目標値より低く設定して、前記圧縮機を再起動させる制御装置とを、備えたものである。
なお、前記制御装置は、前記圧力保護装置による前記圧縮機の運転停止が複数回発生した場合に、前記冷媒−水熱交換器を出る温水の沸上げ温度の目標値を、その発生回数に従って低く設定して、前記圧縮機を再起動させることが好ましい。 A heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention includes a refrigerant circulation circuit in which a compressor, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a decompression device, and an evaporator are sequentially connected, and hot water heated by the refrigerant-water heat exchanger. In a heat pump hot water supply apparatus having a hot water tank for storing hot water and a water circulation device between the refrigerant-water heat exchanger and the hot water tank, a pressure for stopping the compressor when the pressure of the refrigerant circuit is equal to or higher than a predetermined value When the compressor is shut down by the protective device and the pressure protective device, the target value of the boiling temperature of the hot water exiting the refrigerant-water heat exchanger is lower than the target value set in advance as a normal value. And a control device for setting and restarting the compressor.
The control device lowers the target value of the boiling temperature of the hot water that exits the refrigerant-water heat exchanger according to the number of occurrences when the compressor is stopped several times by the pressure protection device. It is preferable to set and restart the compressor.

この発明のヒートポンプ式給湯装置は、冷媒循環量の減少、外部環境要因、ユーザーの使用状態等に起因して発生しうる圧力保護装置による圧縮機の運転停止に対し、減圧装置の絞り開度を通常値として予め定めた絞り開度より大きくして、圧縮機を再起動させる制御装置が作用する。これによって、冷媒循環回路内の圧力の上昇が抑制され、圧縮機摺動部の信頼性が向上するという効果を有する。また、頻繁な圧力保護停止を抑制でき、安定した能力が発揮できるという効果を有する。   The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus of the present invention reduces the throttle opening of the decompression device against the shutdown of the compressor by the pressure protection device that may occur due to a decrease in the amount of refrigerant circulation, external environmental factors, user usage conditions, etc. A control device for restarting the compressor with a normal value larger than a predetermined throttle opening degree operates. As a result, an increase in pressure in the refrigerant circulation circuit is suppressed, and the reliability of the compressor sliding portion is improved. Moreover, frequent pressure protection stops can be suppressed, and the stable ability can be exhibited.

また、この発明のヒートポンプ式給湯装置は、冷媒循環量の減少、外部環境要因、ユーザーの使用状態等に起因して発生しうる圧力保護装置による圧縮機の運転停止に対し、冷媒−水熱交換器を出る温水の沸上げ温度の目標値を、通常値として予め定めた目標値より低く設定して、圧縮機を再起動させる制御装置が作用する。これによって、冷媒循環回路内の圧力の上昇が抑制され、圧縮機摺動部の信頼性が向上するという効果を有する。また、頻繁な圧力保護停止を抑制でき、安定した能力が発揮できるという効果を有する。   In addition, the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to the present invention provides refrigerant-water heat exchange in response to a compressor shutdown caused by a pressure protection device that may occur due to a decrease in refrigerant circulation amount, external environmental factors, user usage conditions, and the like. The control device for setting the target value of the boiling temperature of the hot water leaving the compressor to be lower than the target value set in advance as a normal value and restarting the compressor operates. As a result, an increase in pressure in the refrigerant circulation circuit is suppressed, and the reliability of the compressor sliding portion is improved. Moreover, frequent pressure protection stops can be suppressed, and the stable ability can be exhibited.

実施の形態１．
図１は、この発明の実施の形態１に係るヒートポンプ式給湯装置の全体構成図である。図１に示すように、圧縮機１、冷媒−水熱交換器２、減圧装置３、蒸発器４が冷媒配管１５によって環状に接続されて冷媒循環回路を構成している。蒸発器４にはモータ６で駆動されるファン７が備えられている。
また、冷媒循環回路内の圧力、例えば、圧縮機１の吐出圧力を検知し、その圧力が予め定めた値（所定値に同じ）以上となった時に圧縮機１を停止させる圧力保護装置５を備えている。 Embodiment 1 FIG.
1 is an overall configuration diagram of a heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 1 of the present invention. As shown in FIG. 1, the compressor 1, the refrigerant | coolant-water heat exchanger 2, the decompression device 3, and the evaporator 4 are connected cyclically | annularly by the refrigerant | coolant piping 15, and the refrigerant | coolant circulation circuit is comprised. The evaporator 4 is provided with a fan 7 driven by a motor 6.
Further, a pressure protection device 5 that detects the pressure in the refrigerant circuit, for example, the discharge pressure of the compressor 1 and stops the compressor 1 when the pressure becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value (same as a predetermined value). I have.

さらに、冷媒−水熱交換器２で加熱された温水を貯湯する温水タンク１４と、冷媒−水熱交換器２と温水タンク１４の間に配置された水（温水も含む）循環装置１０とを備え、それらが温水循環配管１６で接続されて温水循環回路を構成している。
冷媒−水熱交換器２の給水側には給水温度を検出する給水温度検出装置９が設けられ、冷媒−水熱交換器２の出水側には冷媒−水熱交換器２から出る温水の温度（以下、沸上げ温度という）を検出する沸上げ温度検出装置８が設けられている。
温水循環回路側には、また、ユーザーが給湯温度や水量等の設定を行う操作部１１と、操作部１１からの信号に基づいて水循環装置１０の回転数を制御する水循環装置用制御装置１２とを備える。
そして、圧力保護装置５、給水温度検出手段９、沸上げ温度検出手段８、および圧縮機１と通信可能に配置された制御装置１３を備えている。実施の形態１における制御装置１３は、圧力保護装置５による圧縮機１の運転停止が発生した場合に、減圧装置３の絞り開度を、通常値として予め定めた絞り開度より大きくして、圧縮機１を再起動させる作用を果たすものである。この制御装置１３は、例えば、ＣＰＵやマイコンと、それらに記憶されたプログラムによって構成される。 Furthermore, a hot water tank 14 for storing hot water heated by the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2 and a water (including hot water) circulating device 10 disposed between the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2 and the hot water tank 14 are provided. These are connected by a hot water circulation pipe 16 to constitute a hot water circulation circuit.
A water supply temperature detecting device 9 for detecting the water supply temperature is provided on the water supply side of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2, and the temperature of the hot water coming out of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2 is provided on the water discharge side of the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2. A boiling temperature detection device 8 for detecting (hereinafter referred to as boiling temperature) is provided.
On the hot water circulation circuit side, an operation unit 11 in which a user sets a hot water supply temperature, an amount of water, and the like, and a water circulation device control device 12 that controls the number of revolutions of the water circulation device 10 based on a signal from the operation unit 11 Is provided.
And the pressure protection device 5, the feed water temperature detection means 9, the boiling temperature detection means 8, and the control apparatus 13 arrange | positioned so that communication with the compressor 1 is provided. In the first embodiment, when the operation of the compressor 1 is stopped by the pressure protection device 5, the control device 13 increases the throttle opening of the decompression device 3 to be larger than the throttle opening predetermined as the normal value, This serves to restart the compressor 1. The control device 13 is constituted by, for example, a CPU, a microcomputer, and a program stored in them.

次に、図１のヒートポンプ式給湯装置の沸上げ運転時の動作について説明する。圧縮機１から吐出された高圧・高温冷媒は、冷媒−水熱交換器２で放熱され高圧・低温冷媒となり、冷媒−水熱交換器２を出た冷媒は、減圧装置３で減圧され低圧・低温冷媒となる。減圧装置３を通過した冷媒は、蒸発器４で空気と熱交換した後、圧縮機１に戻るように循環する。一方、温水タンク１４に貯湯された水は、水循環装置１０により冷媒−水熱交換器２に流入し、そこで冷媒循環回路の冷媒との熱交換により加熱されて高温の湯となり、温水循環配管１６を通り温水タンク１４に入るように循環する。   Next, the operation | movement at the time of the boiling operation of the heat pump type hot-water supply apparatus of FIG. 1 is demonstrated. The high-pressure / high-temperature refrigerant discharged from the compressor 1 is radiated by the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2 to become a high-pressure / low-temperature refrigerant, and the refrigerant leaving the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2 is depressurized by the decompression device 3 It becomes a low-temperature refrigerant. The refrigerant that has passed through the decompression device 3 circulates back to the compressor 1 after exchanging heat with air in the evaporator 4. On the other hand, the hot water stored in the hot water tank 14 flows into the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2 by the water circulation device 10, where it is heated by heat exchange with the refrigerant in the refrigerant circulation circuit to become hot water, and the hot water circulation pipe 16. It circulates so that it may enter into warm water tank 14 through.

図２は、二酸化炭素を冷媒に使用したヒートポンプの圧力−エンタルピ線図である。二酸化炭素を冷媒に使用したヒートポンプは、臨界圧力以上まで加圧されるため、空調用で広く使用されるＲ４１０Ａのように温度から圧力を推定することができない。また、給湯装置は外気が高い夏場でも暖房サイクルの運転が要求されるため、特に高温多湿条件で運転する際は、図３のように圧力が上昇しやすくなるといった特徴がある。さらに、ユーザーの使用状態によっては、温水タンク１４の下部の温度が高くなり、高温の湯が冷媒−水熱交換器２に循環される高温給水運転状態となり、図４のように圧力が上昇しやすくなるといった特徴がある。   FIG. 2 is a pressure-enthalpy diagram of a heat pump using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant. Since the heat pump using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant is pressurized to a critical pressure or higher, the pressure cannot be estimated from the temperature as in R410A widely used for air conditioning. In addition, since the hot water supply device is required to operate in a heating cycle even in summer when the outside air is high, the pressure tends to increase as shown in FIG. Furthermore, depending on the use state of the user, the temperature in the lower part of the hot water tank 14 becomes high, and a hot water supply operation state in which high-temperature hot water is circulated to the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2 results in an increase in pressure as shown in FIG. It is easy to use.

図２〜図４に示したように、二酸化炭素を冷媒に使用したヒートポンプ式給湯装置は、冷媒温度による圧力の推定が不可能であり、さらに、外部環境やユーザーの使用状態によって圧力が上昇しやすいといった特徴があるため、圧力上昇時に圧縮機１を停止させる圧力保護装置５を備えている。以下において、この圧力保護装置５が作動した後の圧縮機１の再起動の方法を説明する。   As shown in FIGS. 2 to 4, the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus using carbon dioxide as the refrigerant cannot estimate the pressure based on the refrigerant temperature, and the pressure increases depending on the external environment or the use state of the user. Since it has the characteristic that it is easy, the pressure protection apparatus 5 which stops the compressor 1 at the time of a pressure rise is provided. Below, the method of restarting the compressor 1 after this pressure protection apparatus 5 act | operates is demonstrated.

図５は、圧力保護装置５が作動して圧縮機１が停止した場合の、制御装置１３による圧縮機１の再起動の方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。
圧力保護装置５が作動し圧縮機１が停止すると、圧力保護装置５の作動信号が制御装置１３に送られる（Ｓ１）。制御装置１３は、その作動信号を受信すると（Ｓ２）、減圧装置３の絞り開度（減圧装置３が弁であれば弁開度）を、通常値として予め定めた絞り開度より大きくして（Ｓ３）、圧縮機１を再起動させる（Ｓ４）。すなわち、制御装置１３は、減圧装置３の通常の場合の運転開始の絞り開度に対して、＋αの補正を加えた制御定数で再起動運転を開始する。 FIG. 5 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method of restarting the compressor 1 by the control device 13 when the pressure protection device 5 is activated and the compressor 1 is stopped.
When the pressure protection device 5 is activated and the compressor 1 is stopped, an operation signal of the pressure protection device 5 is sent to the control device 13 (S1). When the control device 13 receives the operation signal (S2), the control device 13 increases the throttle opening of the pressure reducing device 3 (the valve opening if the pressure reducing device 3 is a valve) larger than the throttle opening determined in advance as a normal value. (S3), the compressor 1 is restarted (S4). That is, the control device 13 starts the restart operation with a control constant obtained by adding a correction of + α with respect to the opening degree of the normal operation of the decompression device 3.

なお、圧力保護装置５による圧縮機１の運転停止が複数回発生した場合には、制御装置１３は、その発生回数を記憶しておき、減圧装置３の絞り開度を、その発生回数に従って順次大きくして、圧縮機１を再起動させても良い。すなわち、圧力保護装置５による圧縮機１の運転停止がｎ回目の場合、制御装置１３は、減圧装置３の通常の場合の運転開始の絞り開度に対して、＋α１＋α２＋・・・・＋αｎのように段階的な補正を加えた制御定数で再起動運転を開始しても良い。   In addition, when the operation stop of the compressor 1 by the pressure protection device 5 occurs a plurality of times, the control device 13 stores the number of occurrences, and sequentially sets the throttle opening of the decompression device 3 according to the number of occurrences. The compressor 1 may be restarted by increasing the size. That is, when the operation of the compressor 1 by the pressure protection device 5 is stopped for the nth time, the control device 13 is set to + α1 + α2 +... + Αn with respect to the throttle opening degree at which the decompression device 3 starts operating normally. Alternatively, the restart operation may be started with a control constant obtained by adding a stepwise correction.

圧力保護装置５の作動時、以上のように、減圧装置３の運転開始開度にプラスの補正を加えた制御定数で再起動運転を行うことで、冷媒循環回路の圧力の上昇を抑制でき、圧縮機摺動部の信頼性が向上する。さらに、頻繁な圧力保護停止が抑制されるため、安定した能力を発揮する運転を行うことが可能になる。   When the pressure protection device 5 is operated, as described above, by performing the restart operation with a control constant obtained by adding a positive correction to the operation start opening of the decompression device 3, an increase in the pressure of the refrigerant circulation circuit can be suppressed, The reliability of the compressor sliding part is improved. Furthermore, since frequent pressure protection stops are suppressed, it is possible to perform an operation that exhibits stable ability.

実施の形態２．
実施の形態２のヒートポンプ式給湯装置の構成は、基本的に実施の形態１と同様であり、実施の形態１とは制御装置１３の作用のみが相違する。実施の形態２の制御装置１３は、圧力保護装置５による圧縮機１の運転停止が発生した場合に、沸上げ温度検出装置８で検出される沸上げ温度の目標値を、通常値として予め定めた目標値より低く設定して、圧縮機１を再起動させるものである。以下、これについて詳しく説明する。
図６は、圧力保護装置５が作動して圧縮機１が停止した場合の、制御装置１３による圧縮機１の再起動の方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。
圧力保護装置５が作動し圧縮機１が停止すると、圧力保護装置５の作動信号が制御装置１３に送られる（Ｓ１１）。制御装置１３は、その作動信号を受信すると（Ｓ１２）、沸上げ温度の目標値を、通常値として予め定めた目標値より低く設定して（Ｓ１３）、圧縮機１を再起動させる（Ｓ１４）。すなわち、制御装置１３は、冷媒−水熱交換器２を出る温水の沸上げ温度の目標値を、通常値として予め定めた目標値に対して、−βの補正を加えた制御定数で再起動運転を開始する。 Embodiment 2. FIG.
The configuration of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus of the second embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and only the operation of the control device 13 is different from the first embodiment. The control device 13 of the second embodiment predetermines the boiling temperature target value detected by the boiling temperature detection device 8 as a normal value when the operation of the compressor 1 is stopped by the pressure protection device 5. The compressor 1 is restarted by setting it lower than the target value. This will be described in detail below.
FIG. 6 is a flowchart showing an example of a method of restarting the compressor 1 by the control device 13 when the pressure protection device 5 is activated and the compressor 1 is stopped.
When the pressure protection device 5 is activated and the compressor 1 is stopped, an operation signal of the pressure protection device 5 is sent to the control device 13 (S11). When receiving the operation signal (S12), the control device 13 sets the target value of the boiling temperature to be lower than the predetermined target value as a normal value (S13), and restarts the compressor 1 (S14). . That is, the control device 13 restarts the target value of the boiling temperature of the hot water leaving the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2 with a control constant obtained by adding a correction of -β to a target value set in advance as a normal value. Start driving.

なお、圧力保護装置５による圧縮機１の運転停止が複数回発生した場合には、制御装置１３は、その発生回数を記憶しておき、沸上げ温度の目標値を、その発生回数に従って順次低く設定して、圧縮機１を再起動させても良い。すなわち、圧力保護装置５による圧縮機１の運転停止がｎ回目の場合、制御装置１３は、減圧装置３の通常の場合の運転開始の沸上げ温度目標値に対して、−β１−β２−・・・・−βｎのように段階的な補正を加えた制御定数で再起動運転を開始しても良い。   In addition, when the operation stop of the compressor 1 by the pressure protection device 5 occurs a plurality of times, the control device 13 stores the number of occurrences, and sequentially lowers the boiling temperature target value according to the number of occurrences. It may be set and the compressor 1 may be restarted. That is, when the operation of the compressor 1 by the pressure protection device 5 is stopped for the nth time, the control device 13 sets −β 1 −β 2 −. ... restart operation may be started with a control constant with stepwise correction such as -βn.

圧力保護装置５の作動時、以上のように、冷媒−水熱交換器２を出る温水の沸上げ温度の目標値にマイナスの補正を加えた制御定数で再起動運転を行うことで、冷媒循環回路ではその目標値に対応した運転が行われるため、冷媒循環回路の圧力の上昇を抑制でき、圧縮機摺動部の信頼性が向上する。さらに、頻繁な圧力保護停止が抑制されるため、安定した能力を発揮する運転を行うことが可能になる。   As described above, when the pressure protection device 5 is activated, the refrigerant is circulated by performing the restart operation with a control constant obtained by adding a negative correction to the target value of the boiling temperature of the hot water leaving the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2. Since the operation corresponding to the target value is performed in the circuit, an increase in the pressure of the refrigerant circulation circuit can be suppressed, and the reliability of the compressor sliding portion is improved. Furthermore, since frequent pressure protection stops are suppressed, it is possible to perform an operation that exhibits stable ability.

実施の形態３．
実施の形態３のヒートポンプ式給湯装置の構成も、基本的に実施の形態１と同様であり、実施の形態１とは制御装置１３の作用のみが相違する。実施の形態３の制御装置１３は、実施の形態１の制御装置１３と実施の形態２の制御装置１３の両方の機能を兼ね備えたものである。すなわち、圧力保護装置５による圧縮機１の運転停止が発生した場合に、減圧装置３の絞り開度を、通常値として予め定めた絞り開度より大きくするとともに、沸上げ温度の目標値を、通常値として予め定めた目標値より低く設定して、圧縮機１を再起動させるものである。
制御装置１３のこのような作用により、冷媒循環回路の圧力の上昇をより効果的に抑制でき、圧縮機摺動部の信頼性が向上する。さらに、頻繁な圧力保護停止が抑制されるため、安定した能力を発揮する運転を行うことが可能になる。 Embodiment 3 FIG.
The configuration of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus of the third embodiment is basically the same as that of the first embodiment, and only the operation of the control device 13 is different from the first embodiment. The control device 13 of the third embodiment has both functions of the control device 13 of the first embodiment and the control device 13 of the second embodiment. That is, when the operation of the compressor 1 is stopped by the pressure protection device 5, the throttle opening of the decompression device 3 is made larger than the throttle opening predetermined as the normal value, and the target value of the boiling temperature is The normal value is set lower than a predetermined target value, and the compressor 1 is restarted.
By such an action of the control device 13, an increase in the pressure of the refrigerant circulation circuit can be more effectively suppressed, and the reliability of the compressor sliding portion is improved. Furthermore, since frequent pressure protection stops are suppressed, it is possible to perform an operation that exhibits stable ability.

実施の形態４．
図７は本発明の実施の形態４に係るヒートポンプ式給湯装置の構成図である。図７のヒートポンプ式給湯装置は、圧縮機１、冷媒−水熱交換器２、第１減圧装置３、蒸発器４、高圧冷媒−低圧冷媒熱交換器１８の低圧側流路１８ａが順次接続された主回路と、冷媒−水熱交換器２と第１減圧装置３との間から分岐し、高圧冷媒−低圧冷媒熱交換器１８の高圧側流路１８ｂおよび第２減圧装置１９を通って、蒸発器４に至るバイパス回路とを有した冷媒循環回路を有している。
また、冷媒循環回路内の圧力、例えば、圧縮機１の吐出圧力を検知し、その圧力が予め定めた値（所定値に同じ）以上となった時に圧縮機１を停止させる圧力保護装置５を備えている。
さらに、圧力保護装置５による圧縮機１の運転停止が発生した場合に、第２減圧装置１９の絞り開度を、通常値として予め定めた絞り開度より大きくして圧縮機１を再起動させる制御装置１３を備えている。
なお、温水循環回路側の構成は、図１のヒートポンプ式給湯装置の場合と同じである。 Embodiment 4 FIG.
FIG. 7 is a configuration diagram of a heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to Embodiment 4 of the present invention. In the heat pump hot water supply apparatus of FIG. 7, the compressor 1, the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2, the first decompressor 3, the evaporator 4, and the low-pressure side flow path 18 a of the high-pressure refrigerant-low-pressure refrigerant heat exchanger 18 are sequentially connected. Branching from the main circuit, between the refrigerant-water heat exchanger 2 and the first decompression device 3, through the high-pressure side flow path 18b of the high-pressure refrigerant-low pressure refrigerant heat exchanger 18 and the second decompression device 19, It has a refrigerant circulation circuit having a bypass circuit leading to the evaporator 4.
Further, a pressure protection device 5 that detects the pressure in the refrigerant circuit, for example, the discharge pressure of the compressor 1 and stops the compressor 1 when the pressure becomes equal to or higher than a predetermined value (same as a predetermined value). I have.
Further, when the operation of the compressor 1 is stopped by the pressure protection device 5, the throttle opening of the second pressure reducing device 19 is made larger than the throttle opening predetermined as a normal value, and the compressor 1 is restarted. A control device 13 is provided.
In addition, the structure by the side of a warm water circulation circuit is the same as the case of the heat pump type hot water supply apparatus of FIG.

図７において、第２減圧装置１９および高圧冷媒−低圧冷媒熱交換器１８は、次のような作用を果たしている。すなわち、第２減圧装置１９の絞り開度を調整することで、高圧冷媒−低圧冷媒熱交換器１８の熱交換量を最適に制御し、外気温度や給水温度に応じて効率的な運転を可能にする。また、第２減圧装置１９は、霜取り運転時の冷媒循環量を増やすためにも使用される。   In FIG. 7, the second decompression device 19 and the high-pressure refrigerant-low-pressure refrigerant heat exchanger 18 perform the following actions. That is, by adjusting the throttle opening of the second decompression device 19, the heat exchange amount of the high-pressure refrigerant-low-pressure refrigerant heat exchanger 18 is optimally controlled, and efficient operation is possible according to the outside air temperature or the feed water temperature. To. The second decompression device 19 is also used to increase the refrigerant circulation rate during the defrosting operation.

図８は、圧力保護装置５が作動して圧縮機１が停止した場合の、制御装置１３による圧縮機１の再起動の方法の一例を示すフローチャートである。
圧力保護装置５が作動し圧縮機１が停止すると、圧力保護装置５の作動信号が制御装置１３に送られる（Ｓ２１）。制御装置１３は、その作動信号を受信すると（Ｓ２２）、第２減圧装置１９の絞り開度（第２減圧装置１９が弁であれば弁開度）を、通常値として予め定めた絞り開度より大きくして（Ｓ２３）、圧縮機１を再起動させる（Ｓ２４）。すなわち、制御装置１３は、第２減圧装置１９の通常の場合の運転開始の絞り開度に対して、＋γの補正を加えた制御定数で再起動運転を開始する。
なお、圧力保護装置５による圧縮機１の運転停止が複数回発生した場合には、制御装置１３は、その発生回数を記憶しておき、減圧装置３の絞り開度を、その発生回数に従って順次大きくして、圧縮機１を再起動させても良い。すなわち、圧力保護装置５による圧縮機１の運転停止がｎ回目の場合、制御装置１３は、減圧装置３の通常の場合の運転開始の絞り開度に対して、＋γ１＋γ２＋・・・・＋γｎのように段階的な補正を加えた制御定数で再起動運転を開始しても良い。
圧力保護装置５の作動時、以上のように、第２減圧装置１９の運転開始開度にプラスの補正を加えた制御定数で再起動運転を行うことで、冷媒循環回路の圧力の上昇を抑制でき、圧縮機摺動部の信頼性が向上する。さらに、頻繁な圧力保護停止が抑制されるため、安定した能力を発揮する運転を行うことが可能になる。 FIG. 8 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for restarting the compressor 1 by the control device 13 when the pressure protection device 5 is activated and the compressor 1 is stopped.
When the pressure protection device 5 is activated and the compressor 1 is stopped, an operation signal of the pressure protection device 5 is sent to the control device 13 (S21). When the control device 13 receives the operation signal (S22), the throttle opening degree of the second pressure reducing device 19 (the valve opening degree if the second pressure reducing device 19 is a valve) is set as a normal value. The compressor 1 is restarted (S24). That is, the control device 13 starts the restart operation with a control constant obtained by correcting + γ with respect to the throttle opening degree at which the second decompression device 19 is normally started.
In addition, when the operation stop of the compressor 1 by the pressure protection device 5 occurs a plurality of times, the control device 13 stores the number of occurrences, and sequentially sets the throttle opening of the decompression device 3 according to the number of occurrences. The compressor 1 may be restarted by increasing the size. That is, when the operation of the compressor 1 by the pressure protection device 5 is stopped for the nth time, the control device 13 is set to + γ1 + γ2 +... + Γn with respect to the throttle opening degree at which the decompression device 3 starts operating normally. Alternatively, the restart operation may be started with a control constant obtained by adding a stepwise correction.
When the pressure protection device 5 is operated, as described above, the restart operation is performed with a control constant obtained by adding a positive correction to the operation start opening of the second decompression device 19, thereby suppressing an increase in pressure in the refrigerant circulation circuit. This improves the reliability of the compressor sliding portion. Furthermore, since frequent pressure protection stops are suppressed, it is possible to perform an operation that exhibits stable ability.

また、制御装置１３が、（１）実施の形態１と同様に第１減圧装置３の運転開始開度を通常時より大きくして圧縮機１を再起動する態様、（２）実施の形態２と同様に沸上げ温度検出装置８により検出される沸上げ温度の目標値を通常時より低く設定して圧縮機１を再起動する態様、および、（３）上記のように第２減圧装置１９の運転開始開度を通常時より大きくして圧縮機１を再起動する態様、のいずれも可能にしておき、それらの各態様を組み合わせて利用するようにしても良い。
圧力保護装置５が作動して圧縮機１が停止した場合に、（１）〜（３）の態様を組合わせた制御定数により再起動運転を行うことで、冷媒循環回路の圧力の上昇をより効果的に抑制でき、圧縮機摺動部の信頼性が向上する。さらに、頻繁な圧力保護停止が抑制されるため、安定した能力を発揮する運転を行うことが可能になる。 In addition, (1) a mode in which the control device 13 restarts the compressor 1 with the operation start opening of the first pressure reducing device 3 made larger than normal, as in the first embodiment, and (2) a second embodiment. And a mode in which the target value of the boiling temperature detected by the boiling temperature detection device 8 is set lower than normal and the compressor 1 is restarted, and (3) the second pressure reducing device 19 as described above. Any mode of restarting the compressor 1 with the operation start opening larger than normal may be allowed, and these modes may be used in combination.
When the pressure protection device 5 is activated and the compressor 1 is stopped, the restart operation is performed with a control constant combining the modes (1) to (3), thereby further increasing the pressure in the refrigerant circulation circuit. It can suppress effectively and the reliability of a compressor sliding part improves. Furthermore, since frequent pressure protection stops are suppressed, it is possible to perform an operation that exhibits stable ability.

なお、上記の各実施の形態において、圧力保護装置５と制御装置１３とを別体のものとして説明したが、圧力保護装置５が制御装置１３に含まれる構成としてもよい。   In each of the above embodiments, the pressure protection device 5 and the control device 13 have been described as separate units. However, the pressure protection device 5 may be included in the control device 13.

また、冷媒回路に比較的安価で安定な二酸化炭素を冷媒に使用することで、製品コストを抑えることが可能になる。さらに、二酸化炭素はオゾン破壊係数が０であり、地球温暖化係数も小さいことから、環境にやさしい製品の提供が可能になる。   Further, by using relatively inexpensive and stable carbon dioxide for the refrigerant circuit, it is possible to reduce the product cost. Furthermore, since carbon dioxide has an ozone depletion coefficient of 0 and a low global warming potential, it is possible to provide environmentally friendly products.

この発明の実施の形態１に係るヒートポンプ式給湯装置の全体構成図。BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS The whole block diagram of the heat pump type hot-water supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 1 of this invention. 二酸化炭素を冷媒に使用したヒートポンプの圧力−エンタルピ線図。The pressure-enthalpy diagram of a heat pump using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant. 高温高湿時条件における二酸化炭素を冷媒に使用したヒートポンプの圧力−エンタルピ線図。The pressure-enthalpy diagram of a heat pump using carbon dioxide as a refrigerant under high temperature and high humidity conditions. 高温給水条件における二酸化炭素を冷媒に使用したヒートポンプの圧力−エンタルピ線図。The pressure-enthalpy diagram of the heat pump which used the carbon dioxide in the high temperature water supply conditions as a refrigerant | coolant. 実施の形態１に係る制御装置による圧縮機の再起動の方法の一例を示すフローチャート。3 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for restarting the compressor by the control device according to the first embodiment. 実施の形態２に係る制御装置による圧縮機の再起動の方法の一例を示すフローチャート。9 is a flowchart showing an example of a method for restarting a compressor by the control device according to the second embodiment. この発明の実施の形態４に係るヒートポンプ式給湯装置の全体構成図。The whole block diagram of the heat pump type hot-water supply apparatus which concerns on Embodiment 4 of this invention. 実施の形態４に係る制御装置による圧縮機の再起動の方法の一例を示すフローチャート。9 is a flowchart illustrating an example of a method for restarting a compressor by a control device according to a fourth embodiment.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 圧縮機、２ 冷媒−水熱交換器、３ 減圧装置または第１減圧装置、４ 蒸発器、５ 圧力保護装置、６ モータ、７ ファン、８ 沸上げ温度検出装置、９ 給水温度検出装置、１０ 水循環装置、１１ 操作部、１２ 水循環装置用制御装置、１３ 制御装置、１４ 貯水タンク、１５ 冷媒配管、１６ 温水循環配管、１８ 高圧冷媒−低圧冷媒熱交換器、１９ 第２減圧装置。   DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Compressor, 2 Refrigerant-water heat exchanger, 3 Pressure reducing device or 1st pressure reducing device, 4 Evaporator, 5 Pressure protection device, 6 Motor, 7 Fan, 8 Boiling temperature detection device, 9 Feed water temperature detection device, 10 Water circulation device, 11 Operation unit, 12 Water circulation device control device, 13 Control device, 14 Water storage tank, 15 Refrigerant piping, 16 Hot water circulation piping, 18 High pressure refrigerant-low pressure refrigerant heat exchanger, 19 Second decompression device.

Claims (8)

圧縮機、冷媒−水熱交換器、減圧装置、蒸発器が順次接続された冷媒循環回路と、前記冷媒−水熱交換器で加熱された温水を貯湯する温水タンクと、前記冷媒−水熱交換器と前記温水タンクの間に水循環装置を備えたヒートポンプ式給湯装置において、
前記冷媒循環回路の圧力が所定値以上の場合に前記圧縮機を停止させる圧力保護装置と、
前記圧力保護装置による前記圧縮機の運転停止が発生した場合に、前記減圧装置の絞り開度を、通常値として予め定めた絞り開度より大きくして、前記圧縮機を再起動させる制御装置とを、
備えたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ式給湯装置。 A refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a decompression device, and an evaporator are sequentially connected, a hot water tank for storing hot water heated by the refrigerant-water heat exchanger, and the refrigerant-water heat exchange In a heat pump type hot water supply apparatus equipped with a water circulation device between a water heater and the hot water tank,
A pressure protection device for stopping the compressor when the pressure in the refrigerant circulation circuit is equal to or higher than a predetermined value;
A control device for restarting the compressor by setting the throttle opening of the decompression device to be larger than a predetermined throttle opening as a normal value when the compressor is stopped by the pressure protection device; The
A heat pump type hot water supply apparatus characterized by comprising. 前記制御装置は、前記圧力保護装置による前記圧縮機の運転停止が複数回発生した場合に、前記減圧装置の絞り開度を、その発生回数に従って大きくして、前記圧縮機を再起動させることを特徴とする請求項１記載のヒートポンプ式給湯装置。   When the operation of the compressor by the pressure protection device occurs a plurality of times, the control device increases the throttle opening of the decompression device according to the number of occurrences and restarts the compressor. The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 1, wherein 圧縮機、冷媒−水熱交換器、減圧装置、蒸発器が順次接続された冷媒循環回路と、前記冷媒−水熱交換器で加熱された温水を貯湯する温水タンクと、前記冷媒−水熱交換器と前記温水タンクの間に水循環装置を備えたヒートポンプ式給湯装置において、
前記冷媒循環回路の圧力が所定値以上の場合に前記圧縮機を停止させる圧力保護装置と、
前記圧力保護装置による前記圧縮機の運転停止が発生した場合に、前記冷媒−水熱交換器を出る温水の沸上げ温度の目標値を、通常値として予め定めた目標値より低く設定して、前記圧縮機を再起動させる制御装置とを、
備えたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ式給湯装置。 A refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a decompression device, and an evaporator are sequentially connected, a hot water tank for storing hot water heated by the refrigerant-water heat exchanger, and the refrigerant-water heat exchange In a heat pump type hot water supply apparatus equipped with a water circulation device between a water heater and the hot water tank,
A pressure protection device for stopping the compressor when the pressure in the refrigerant circulation circuit is equal to or higher than a predetermined value;
When the operation of the compressor is stopped by the pressure protection device, the target value of the boiling temperature of the hot water exiting the refrigerant-water heat exchanger is set lower than the target value set in advance as a normal value, A control device for restarting the compressor;
A heat pump type hot water supply apparatus characterized by comprising. 前記制御装置は、前記圧力保護装置による前記圧縮機の運転停止が複数回発生した場合に、前記冷媒−水熱交換器を出る温水の沸上げ温度の目標値を、その発生回数に従って低く設定して、前記圧縮機を再起動させることを特徴とする請求項３記載のヒートポンプ式給湯装置。   The control device sets the target value of the boiling temperature of the hot water exiting the refrigerant-water heat exchanger to be low according to the number of occurrences when the compressor is stopped several times by the pressure protection device. The heat pump hot water supply apparatus according to claim 3, wherein the compressor is restarted. 圧縮機、冷媒−水熱交換器、減圧装置、蒸発器が順次接続された冷媒循環回路と、前記冷媒−水熱交換器で加熱された温水を貯湯する温水タンクと、前記冷媒−水熱交換器と前記温水タンクの間に水循環装置を備えたヒートポンプ式給湯装置において、
前記冷媒循環回路の圧力が所定値以上の場合に前記圧縮機を停止させる圧力保護装置と、
前記圧力保護装置による前記圧縮機の運転停止が発生した場合に、前記減圧装置の絞り開度を、通常値として予め定めた絞り開度より大きくするとともに、前記冷媒−水熱交換器を出る温水の沸上げ温度の目標値を、通常値として予め定めた目標値より低く設定して、前記圧縮機を再起動させる制御装置とを、
備えたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ式給湯装置。 A refrigerant circuit in which a compressor, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a decompression device, and an evaporator are sequentially connected, a hot water tank for storing hot water heated by the refrigerant-water heat exchanger, and the refrigerant-water heat exchange In a heat pump type hot water supply apparatus equipped with a water circulation device between a water heater and the hot water tank,
A pressure protection device for stopping the compressor when the pressure in the refrigerant circulation circuit is equal to or higher than a predetermined value;
When the operation of the compressor is stopped by the pressure protection device, the throttle opening of the decompression device is made larger than the predetermined throttle opening as a normal value, and the hot water exiting the refrigerant-water heat exchanger A control device for setting the target value of the boiling temperature of the lower than the target value set in advance as a normal value and restarting the compressor,
A heat pump type hot water supply apparatus characterized by comprising. 圧縮機、冷媒−水熱交換器、第１減圧装置、蒸発器、高圧冷媒−低圧冷媒熱交換器の低圧側流路が順次接続された主回路と、前記冷媒−水熱交換器と前記第１減圧装置との間から分岐し、前記高圧冷媒−低圧冷媒熱交換器の高圧側流路および第２減圧装置を通って、前記蒸発器に至るバイパス回路とを有した冷媒循環回路と、前記冷媒−水熱交換器で加熱された温水を貯湯する温水タンクと、前記冷媒−水熱交換器と前記温水タンクの間に水循環装置を備えたヒートポンプ式給湯装置において、
前記冷媒循環回路の圧力が所定値以上の場合に前記圧縮機を停止させる圧力保護装置と、
前記圧力保護装置による前記圧縮機の運転停止が発生した場合に、前記第２減圧装置の絞り開度を、通常値として予め定めた絞り開度より大きくして前記圧縮機を再起動させる制御装置とを、
備えたことを特徴とするヒートポンプ式給湯装置。 A compressor, a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, a first decompressor, an evaporator, a high-pressure refrigerant-low-pressure refrigerant heat exchanger, and a main circuit in which low-pressure flow paths are sequentially connected; the refrigerant-water heat exchanger; A refrigerant circulation circuit having a bypass circuit that branches from the first decompression device, passes through the high-pressure side flow path of the high-pressure refrigerant-low-pressure refrigerant heat exchanger, and passes through the second decompression device to reach the evaporator; In a hot water tank that stores hot water heated by a refrigerant-water heat exchanger, and a heat pump type hot water supply apparatus that includes a water circulation device between the refrigerant-water heat exchanger and the hot water tank,
A pressure protection device for stopping the compressor when the pressure in the refrigerant circulation circuit is equal to or higher than a predetermined value;
When the operation of the compressor is stopped by the pressure protection device, the control device for restarting the compressor by setting the throttle opening of the second pressure reducing device larger than the throttle opening predetermined as a normal value And
A heat pump type hot water supply apparatus characterized by comprising. 前記制御装置は、前記圧力保護装置による前記圧縮機の運転停止が複数回発生した場合に、前記第２減圧装置の絞り開度を、その発生回数に従って大きくして、前記圧縮機を再起動させることを特徴とする請求項６記載のヒートポンプ式給湯装置。   The controller increases the throttle opening of the second pressure reducing device according to the number of occurrences and restarts the compressor when the compressor is stopped several times by the pressure protection device. The heat pump type hot water supply apparatus according to claim 6. 冷媒が二酸化炭素であることを特徴とする請求項１〜７のいずれかに記載のヒートポンプ式給湯装置。   The heat pump hot water supply device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein the refrigerant is carbon dioxide.
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Cited By (5)

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010249458A (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-11-04 Fuji Electric Retail Systems Co Ltd Refrigerant circuit device
JP2012047395A (en) * 2010-08-26 2012-03-08 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Central control device of showcase
KR101348846B1 (en) 2012-07-17 2014-01-07 신남섭 Heat pump boiler
JP2017075766A (en) * 2015-10-16 2017-04-20 ダイキン工業株式会社 Heat pump type heating device
CN110906545A (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-03-24 安徽舜禹水务股份有限公司 Energy-saving environment-friendly domestic water tank anti-freezing heating system

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JP2006258375A (en) * 2005-03-17 2006-09-28 Matsushita Electric Ind Co Ltd Heat pump type water heater

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Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2010249458A (en) * 2009-04-17 2010-11-04 Fuji Electric Retail Systems Co Ltd Refrigerant circuit device
JP2012047395A (en) * 2010-08-26 2012-03-08 Sanyo Electric Co Ltd Central control device of showcase
KR101348846B1 (en) 2012-07-17 2014-01-07 신남섭 Heat pump boiler
JP2017075766A (en) * 2015-10-16 2017-04-20 ダイキン工業株式会社 Heat pump type heating device
CN110906545A (en) * 2019-12-25 2020-03-24 安徽舜禹水务股份有限公司 Energy-saving environment-friendly domestic water tank anti-freezing heating system

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