JP2008223363A - Retaining wall and method of constructing the same - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To increase the strength of a retaining wall in the case where earth of a slope exerts a different adhesive strength, so that the width of a plot is minimized by sharpening a masonry gradient of retaining wall blocks. <P>SOLUTION: A plurality of box-shaped retaining wall blocks 21 each opening upward and downward are arranged such that front plates 22 located on a front end are laterally adjacent to each other, and either box-shaped auxiliary blocks 31 opening upward and downward or reinforcing bodies obtained by hardening in-situ soil by a cement-based hardener are arranged behind the retaining wall blocks 21 and connected to the same. Then by filling a filler 41 in each space S in an area from a rear surface of the front plate 22 to a slope surface 8, one retaining wall stage 20 is formed, and by stacking the retaining wall stages 20 in multiple stages from a bottom upward in a successively receding manner, the entire retaining wall 9 is constructed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a retaining wall that is constructed by building up blocks while sequentially retreating blocks along various slopes, and a construction method thereof.

  In the retaining wall, like the retaining wall 80 of the first conventional example shown in FIG. 10 already disclosed by the present applicant, a surface plate 83 standing on the front side of the inclined surface 8 is spaced apart from the rear surface of the surface plate 83. A plurality of retaining wall blocks 82 including a holding plate 84 standing upright and a connecting plate 85 connecting the surface plate 83 and the holding plate 84 are arranged on the left and right sides. There is a structure in which one stage 81 is formed by filling a filler 89 at the place S, and the stage 81 is stacked in a plurality of stages while being sequentially retreated from the bottom to the top (Patent Document 1).

In addition, it is not a retaining wall that is constructed by stacking blocks while retreating along the slope, and therefore, somewhat different from the technical field related to the present invention, in the retaining walls that are constructed by stacking blocks vertically, Like the retaining wall 90 of the conventional example 2 shown in FIG. 11A, a sub-block 96 is arranged obliquely behind each of the plurality of main blocks 92 arranged on the left and right, and after each two adjacent main blocks 92. In some cases, the strength of the retaining wall 90 is strengthened by fitting the front end of each sub-block 96 to the end (Patent Document 2).
JP-A-6-341150 JP 51-64708

  In the first conventional example, when the retaining wall 80 is constructed, the magnitude of the earth pressure P from the slope 8 applied to the back surface of the retaining wall 80 is the magnitude of the earth pressure P that the retaining wall 80 can sufficiently withstand (that is, The strength of the retaining wall 80 must be designed to fall within the range. The magnitude of the earth pressure P depends on the slope of the slope 8 and the soil condition, etc. If the adhesive force is the same, the earth pressure P increases as the slope becomes steeper. The pressure P decreases. On the other hand, if the gradient is the same, the higher the adhesive force, the more stable the ground, and thus the earth pressure P becomes smaller. On the other hand, the lower the adhesive force, the more unstable the ground, and the earth pressure P becomes larger. Therefore, if the strength of the retaining wall 80 is the same, the product gradient y / x of the retaining wall block 82 can be made steeper as the adhesive force is higher, and conversely, the product gradient y is lower as the adhesive force is lower. / X will inevitably become gradual. However, gradual reduction of the product gradient y / x is not preferable because it leads to an increase in the land width before and after the retaining wall 80 is constructed, and particularly when the land width is limited. It becomes a problem.

  Therefore, when the adhesive strength of the soil on the slope is each size, the purpose is to strengthen the strength of the retaining wall so that the product gradient of the retaining wall block can be steep and the land width can be kept small. .

  In addition, in the retaining wall 90 of the conventional example 2, since there is the subblock 96, the strength of the retaining wall 90 is strengthened as compared with the case where there is no subblock 96, but here, there are the following problems. That is, the retaining wall 90 has no particular problem when the main blocks 92 are linearly arranged side by side as shown in FIG. 11A, but as shown in FIG. When trying to line up the 92 rows outward (in the direction in which the interval between the rear end portions of the main block 92 increases), or inward (in the direction in which the interval decreases) as shown in FIG. Since the angle and interval between the rear end portions of the two main blocks 92 are changed, the sub block 96 cannot be fitted into the main block 92.

  In order to achieve the above object, the retaining wall of the present invention is one of the following retaining walls (i) and (ii).

(I) a surface plate that stands on the front side of the slope, a holding plate that is shorter in the left-right direction than the surface plate that stands apart and stands behind the surface plate, a left-right intermediate portion of the surface plate, and the A retaining wall block configured in a box shape that opens up and down by a pair of connecting plates that are connected to the left and right intermediate portions of the holding plate at two positions on the left and right sides makes the surface plates adjacent to each other on the left and right. And a pair of horizontal plates having a length in the left-right direction shorter than the surface plate standing in parallel and spaced apart from each other in front and back, and a pair of horizontal plates Each of the auxiliary blocks configured in a box shape that opens up and down by a pair of vertical plates that are connected to each other at two left and right intermediate portions between the left and right intermediate plates is arranged, The front lateral plate is connected to the retainer plate in contact with the rear surface of the retainer plate. The retaining wall block and the auxiliary block are connected on a one-to-one basis, and each space between the back surface of the surface plate and the inclined surface is filled with a filler to form one stage. The retaining wall is constructed by stacking a plurality of stages while the stages are sequentially retreated from the bottom to the top.

  Here, the pair of horizontal plates are not particularly limited, but the lengths in the left-right direction are different from each other, and one of the pair of horizontal plates is alternatively arranged on the front side and connected to the holding plate. It is preferable. In this way, when arranging the retaining wall blocks substantially linearly or bent outward, the shorter side plate is connected to the holding plate so that the longer side plate is spaced apart rearward. Thus, while a relatively strong restraining force can be obtained from the filler, when the retaining wall blocks are bent inwardly, the shorter side plate is connected by connecting the longer side plate to the holding plate. This is because the rear end portions of adjacent auxiliary blocks can be prevented from being buffered by being spaced apart rearward.

(Ii) a surface plate that stands on the front side of the slope, a holding plate that is shorter in the left-right direction than the surface plate that stands up and separate behind the surface plate, a left-right intermediate portion of the surface plate, and the A retaining wall block configured in a box shape that opens up and down by a pair of connecting plates that are connected to the left and right intermediate portions of the holding plate at two positions on the left and right sides makes the surface plates adjacent to each other on the left and right. A reinforcement body in which the slope or the local soil in the vicinity thereof is solidified by a cement-based solidification material while taking in the rear part of the net-like body extending in the front and rear is behind the retaining wall block. The retaining wall block and the reinforcing body are connected to each other at an interval in the front-rear direction by winding the front part of the mesh body around the holding plate, and between the back surface of the surface plate and the inclined surface. Each of the voids must be filled with filler Thus constructed one stage, retaining wall stepped was built piled up in a plurality of stages while sequentially retracted from bottom to top.

  In order to achieve the same object as the retaining wall described above, the retaining wall construction method of the present invention is any one of the following methods (i) and (ii).

(I) a surface plate that stands on the front side of the slope, a holding plate that is shorter in the left-right direction than the surface plate that stands apart and stands behind the surface plate, a left-right intermediate portion of the surface plate, and the A retaining wall block configured in a box shape that opens up and down by a pair of connecting plates that are connected to the left and right intermediate portions of the holding plate at two positions on the left and right sides. And a pair of horizontal plates having a length in the left-right direction shorter than the surface plate standing in parallel and spaced apart from each other, and a pair of horizontal plates A pair of vertical blocks each having a box-like shape that opens up and down by a pair of vertical plates that are connected to each other at two left and right intervals between the left and right intermediate portions of the plates; The front lateral plate is connected to the retaining plate in contact with the rear surface of the retaining plate. The retaining wall block and the auxiliary block are connected in a one-to-one relationship, and each space between the back surface of the surface plate and the inclined surface is filled with a filler to form one step. And the construction method of the retaining wall which builds up a retaining wall by pile | stacking in multiple steps | paragraphs, retreating this step | paragraph sequentially from the bottom.

  Here, the pair of horizontal plates is not particularly limited, but the lengths in the left-right direction are different from each other, and one of the pair of horizontal plates is alternatively arranged on the front side and connected to the holding plate. It is preferable. The reason is the same as in the case of (i) the retaining wall of the slope.

(Ii) a surface plate that stands on the front side of the slope, a holding plate that is shorter in the left-right direction than the surface plate that stands up and separate behind the surface plate, a left-right intermediate portion of the surface plate, and the A retaining wall block configured in a box shape that opens up and down by a pair of connecting plates that are connected to the left and right intermediate portions of the holding plate at two positions on the left and right sides. A reinforcement body is arranged behind the retaining wall block, and is made of a cement-based solidifying material that is solidified on the slope or in the vicinity of the local earth and sand while taking the rear part of the net-like body extending forward and backward. Then, by wrapping the front part of the mesh body around the holding plate, the retaining wall block and the reinforcing body are connected to each other at an interval in the front-rear direction. By filling the void with filler Method for constructing a stage constitute, retaining walls for building retaining walls and stacked in a plurality of stages while sequentially retracting from bottom to top the stepped.

  According to the present invention, the strength of the retaining wall can be enhanced by connecting the retaining block to the retaining block in (i) and the auxiliary block in (ii). Furthermore, according to the present invention, even if it is attempted to bend the rows of retaining wall blocks outward or inward, in (i), the retaining wall block and the auxiliary block are in a one-to-one relationship. In (ii), since the retaining wall block and the reinforcing body are connected via the mesh body as described above, the connection between them is different from the case of the main block and the sub-block in Conventional Example 2. Will not be disturbed.

  In the retaining walls 9 and 59 of the present invention, a plurality of retaining wall blocks 21 are arranged such that the surface plates 22 positioned at the front end thereof are adjacent to each other on the left and right. The retaining wall block 21 includes a surface plate 22 standing on the front side of the slope 8, and a holding plate 24 standing in the rear of the surface plate 22 and having a shorter length in the left-right direction than the surface plate 22. A pair of connecting plates 26 that connect the left and right intermediate portions of the surface plate 22 and the left and right intermediate portions of the holding plate 24 at two positions with left and right intervals are formed in a box shape that opens up and down. Any one of the next auxiliary block 31 and the reinforcing body 51 is arranged behind the retaining wall block 21 and connected to the retaining wall block 21.

  In other words, the auxiliary block 31 is spaced apart from one another in the front-and-rear direction and stands in parallel, and has a pair of horizontal plates 32 and 34 that are shorter in the left-right direction than the surface plate 22 and left and right of the pair of horizontal plates 32 and 34. The middle part is formed in a box shape that opens up and down by a pair of vertical plates 36 and 36 that are connected to each other at two positions with a space left and right. The auxiliary block 31 is connected to the retaining plate 24 while the front lateral plate of the pair of lateral plates 32 and 34 is in contact with the rear surface of the retaining plate 24, thereby On the other hand, they are connected one to one.

  On the other hand, the reinforcing body 51 is formed by the local earth and sand in the vicinity of the slope 8 being solidified by a cement-based solidifying material while taking the rear part of the connecting net 59 which is a net-like body extending forward and backward. The reinforcing body 51 is connected to the retaining wall block 21 with a front-rear interval by winding the front portion of the connecting net 59 around the holding plate 24.

  In any of the cases described above, one retaining wall step 20 or retaining wall step 50 is configured by filling each space S between the back surface of the surface plate 22 and the slope 8 with the filler 41. Then, the retaining wall steps or the retaining walls 49 of the present invention are constructed by stacking the retaining wall steps in a plurality of stages while retreating sequentially from bottom to top.

  The retaining wall 9 shown in FIG. 1 to FIG. 3 of the first embodiment is installed on a site ground 6 composed of a bottom surface 7 extending substantially horizontally and a slope 8 extending obliquely upward from the bottom surface 7. Yes. The retaining wall 9 is mainly assumed to have a height of 10 m or more. In addition, the dimension given below (Examples 1 and 2) is an example, and can be appropriately changed.

  The retaining wall 9 includes a foundation 10 constructed on the bottom surface 7, and a retaining wall stage 20 stacked in a plurality of stages while retreating sequentially from the bottom to the top along the slope 8 above the foundation 10. Yes.

  The foundation 10 is composed of a groove 11 that is long and deeply excavated on the bottom surface 7, a pebble-like foundation material 12 spread in the groove 11, and a foundation net 13 that wraps the foundation material 12.

  The groove | channel 11 is for filling the base material 12, and the width | variety of front and back is 1500-2000 mm in an upper end part (opening part), 1000-2000 mm in a lower end part (bottom part), and the depth is 200- It is 500 mm.

  The base material 12 is for fixing the retaining wall step 20 to the site ground 6 by meshing with the filler 41 of the retaining wall step 20 disposed above. Here, crushed stone having a size within a range of 30 to 40 mm (so-called No. 3 single-grain crushed stone) is used as the base material 12.

  The foundation net 13 is a net-like body for wrapping in a lump so that the foundation material 12 does not flow out, and a geogrid is used. The size of the mesh of the foundation net 13 is such that the foundation material 12 can protrude, so that the foundation material 12 can mesh with the filler 41 disposed above the mesh through the mesh. Specifically, the size of the mesh is about 14 mm, which is about 40% of the average size (about 35 mm) of the base material 12.

  The retaining wall step 20 has a plurality of retaining wall blocks 21 arranged in a row on the left and right along the upper surface of the front portion of the foundation 10, and a row on the left and right along the upper surface of the rear portion of the foundation 10. A plurality of auxiliary blocks 31 arranged one by one behind each retaining wall block 21 and connected to the retaining wall block 21 on a one-to-one basis, and a table located at the front end of the retaining wall block 21 It includes a filling material 41 filled in each space S between the back surface of the face plate 22 and the slope 8. As shown in FIG. 2 (a), each retaining wall step 20 has a straight portion 20a in which retaining wall blocks 21 are arranged substantially linearly, and an outer side (continuous to the left and right) as shown in FIG. 2 (b). The outer curved portion 20b bent and arranged in the direction in which the interval between the rear end portions of the two retaining wall blocks 21 is widened, and bent inward (in the direction in which the interval is narrowed) as shown in FIG. It is comprised by any one or the combination of 2 or more of the inner music parts 20c arranged side by side.

  The retaining wall block 21 includes a surface plate 22 erected on the front side of the slope 8, a holding plate 24 standing upright behind the surface plate 22, left and right intermediate portions of the surface plate 22, and left and right of the holding plate 24. A pair of connecting plates 26, 26 that are connected to the intermediate portion at two positions with left and right spacing are precast integrally with concrete, thereby forming a box shape that opens vertically. This retaining wall block 21 weighs about 1300 kg and has a front and rear length of about 1250 mm.

  The surface plate 22 is a rectangular plate having a left and right length of about 2000 mm, a vertical height of about 1000 mm, and a front and rear thickness of about 120 mm. The surface plate is provided with a pattern such as a stone wall pattern or a groove pattern, for example. It has been. The left and right ends of the surface plate 22 protrude from the connecting portion with the connecting plate 26, and concave portions 23 are formed at the upper and lower ends of the protruding left and right ends. Each retaining wall block 21 is arranged so that these surface plates 22 are adjacent to each other on the left and right, and a slit D is formed by a recess 23 between each surface plate 22.

  The holding plate 24 is provided behind the surface plate 22 with a space of about 1010 mm between the surface plate 22 and the left and right lengths are about 1860 mm, the vertical height is about 500 mm, and the front and rear thicknesses. Is a rectangular plate having a length of about 120 mm, and both left and right ends thereof protrude from the connecting portion with the connecting plates 26 and 26 to the left and right. The holding plate 24 is provided with a connecting hole 25 that is connected to an auxiliary block 31 disposed behind the holding plate 24 via a connecting fitting 39.

  The connecting plates 26, 26 are a pair of plates arranged side by side at a distance from each other on the left and right sides, the dimensions of which are both approximately equal, the front and rear lengths are about 1010 mm, the top and bottom heights are about 500 mm, The thickness is about 100 mm. However, on the front side of the connecting plate 26, an extended portion 27 is formed to protrude upward, and the height on the front side is increased to about 900 mm by the extended portion 27.

  The auxiliary block 31 includes a pair of horizontal plates 32 and 34 that are spaced apart from each other in the front-rear direction and stand in parallel and shorter in the left-right direction than the surface plate 22, and the left and right intermediate portions of the pair of horizontal plates 32 and 34. A pair of vertical plates 36, 36, which are connected to each other at two positions with a gap between them on the left and right, are formed into a box shape that is opened up and down by being precast integrally with concrete. There are a plurality of types of auxiliary blocks 31 having a length of 650 to 2050 mm in the front and rear. From the plurality of types, the auxiliary block 31 can satisfy various conditions such as the product gradient of the retaining wall 9 to be constructed and the soil condition of the slope 8. The most suitable type is selected and used. Next, the case where the front and rear length of about 1450 mm and the weight of about 850 kg are selected and used is shown.

  The horizontal plates 32 and 34 are a pair of plates that are arranged side by side at a distance of about 1210 mm on the left and right sides and have different left and right lengths. The left and right lengths of the shorter horizontal plate 32 are about 1620 mm. The left and right lengths of the longer horizontal plate 34 are about 1840 mm. The upper and lower heights and the front and rear thicknesses of these horizontal plates 32 and 34 are substantially equal to each other, the upper and lower heights are about 500 mm, and the front and rear thicknesses are about 120 mm. The left and right ends of the horizontal plates 32 and 34 protrude from the connecting portion with the vertical plates 36 and 36 to the left and right, respectively. Further, both the horizontal plates 32 and 34 are respectively provided with connecting holes 33 and 35 which are connected to the holding plate 24 via a connecting metal fitting 39.

  The vertical plates 36 and 36 are a pair of plates arranged side by side at an interval of about 1010 mm on the left and right sides, both of which are substantially equal in length, about 1210 mm in the front and back length, and about 500 mm in the top and bottom height. The left and right thickness is about 100 mm. The vertical plate 36 is provided with a suspension hole 37 through which the auxiliary block 31 is suspended through a rope or the like when installed on the site.

  The auxiliary block 31 shown above is arranged with the shorter side plate 32 on the front side and the longer side plate 34 on the rear side in the straight portion 20a and the outer curved portion 20b of each retaining wall step 20, and the shorter The horizontal plate 32 is connected to the holding plate 24 by a connecting metal fitting 39 with the front surface thereof in contact with the back surface of the holding plate 24. On the other hand, the inner curved portion 20c of each retaining wall step 20 is arranged with the longer horizontal plate 34 on the front side and the shorter horizontal plate 32 on the rear side, and the longer horizontal plate 34 holds the front surface thereof. In contact with the back surface of the plate 24, it is connected to the holding plate 24 by a connection fitting 39. The connection fitting 39 is composed of a bolt and a nut, and the bolt is connected to and connected to the connection hole 25 of the holding plate 24 and the connection hole 33 or 35 of the horizontal plate 32 or 34 disposed adjacent to the rear thereof. The retaining wall block 21 and the auxiliary block 31 are connected to each other by being inserted into the two holes and then fastened with nuts from both sides.

  The filler 41 is for fixing the retaining wall step 20 to the site ground 6 by meshing with the filler 41 or the base material 12 disposed above and below the filler 41. As the filler 41, crushed stone (so-called No. 3 single-grain crushed stone) having a size within the range of 30 to 40 mm, which is the same as the base material 12, is used here.

  The procedure for constructing the retaining wall 9 shown above is as follows: (construction of foundation) → (installation of retaining wall block and auxiliary block) → (connection of retaining wall block and auxiliary block) → (filler Details will be described below in the order of filling.

(Building the foundation)
A groove 11 is excavated into the bottom surface 7 and elongated to the left and right. Then, the foundation net 13 is laid in the groove 11 so that both ends of the foundation net 13 remain before and after the groove 11, and the foundation material 12 is placed on the foundation net 13. Both ends are wound on the filler 41 to form winding ends, and the winding ends are joined to each other by a fastening member, a heat-sealing member, or the like to form a foundation 10.

(Installation of retaining wall blocks and auxiliary blocks)
As shown in FIG. 3, after arranging the auxiliary blocks 31 in a line on the left and right on the rear part of the foundation 10, the retaining wall block 21 is arranged on the front part of the foundation 10, and the surface plates 22 are left and right. Are arranged in a row so as to be adjacent to each other without gaps. At this time, each one auxiliary block 31 comes behind each one retaining wall block 21. Further, the auxiliary block 31 is placed with the shorter lateral plate 32 at the front side and the longer lateral plate 34 at the rear side in the straight portion 20a and the outer curved portion 20b, and the longer lateral plate at the inner curved portion 20c. 34 is set on the front side, and the shorter horizontal plate 32 is set on the rear side.

(Connection between retaining wall block and auxiliary block)
The front surface of the lateral plate 32 or 34 disposed on the front side and the rear surface of the retaining plate 24 are communicated with each other by combining both the coupling holes 33 or 35 on the lateral plate side and the coupling hole 25 on the retaining plate side. After the contact in the state, the retaining wall block 21 and the auxiliary block 31 are connected by inserting the bolts of the connection fitting 39 into both the communicating holes and fastening the both sides with nuts.

(Filling material)
Filling spaces 41 between the back surface of the surface plate 22 and the slope 8 are filled with the filler 41, and the retaining wall block 21 is fixed to the site ground 6.

  The upper retaining wall step 20 is constructed in the same manner as described above on the obliquely rear upper side of the lowermost retaining wall step 20 constructed as described above, and the retaining wall step 20 is obliquely rearward and upward along the slope 8 by repeating the above steps. The retaining wall step 20 is constructed over a plurality of steps by stacking while retreating. However, the foundation 10 is not constructed in the construction process of the retaining wall stage 20 constructed above the lowermost stage, and in that process, the retaining wall stage 20 located at the lower stage is filled instead of the foundation 10. The retaining wall block 21 and the auxiliary block 31 are arranged on the material 41.

  In the first embodiment, the strength of the retaining wall 9 is enhanced by connecting the auxiliary block 31 to the retaining wall block 21. Therefore, the earth pressure from the back slope 8 that the retaining wall 9 can withstand is larger than when the auxiliary block 31 is not provided. Therefore, the product gradient of the retaining wall block 21 that can be allowed to the maximum in relation to the strength of the retaining wall 9 (hereinafter referred to as the maximum allowable product gradient) is also compared to the case where the auxiliary block 31 is not provided. Is getting bigger. Therefore, by increasing the product gradient of the retaining wall block 21 within a range equal to or less than the increased maximum allowable product gradient, the land width before and after the retaining wall 9 is constructed can be kept small.

In Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Example 1 shown in FIGS. 4A to 4C, how the maximum allowable product gradient described above changes depending on the connection of the auxiliary block 31 and the soil condition of the slope 8. Show. That is, first, in Comparative Example 1 shown in FIG. 4A, the soil condition of the slope 8 is such that the adhesive force C = 0 t / m ² , the shear resistance angle φ = 30 °, the density γ = 1.9 t / m ³ . Under the circumstances, the auxiliary block 31 is not connected to the retaining wall block 21, and only the retaining wall block 21 is stacked with the maximum allowable product gradient y / x = 1.70. Show. On the other hand, in the comparative example 2 shown in FIG. 4B, only the adhesive force C of the soil on the slope 8 is changed to C = 0.5 t / m ² from the state of the comparative example 1, and the retaining wall block 21 is 8 FIG. 4 (c) shows a state when the plates are stacked at the maximum allowable product gradient y / x = 3.08. In Example 1 shown in FIG. Only the auxiliary block 31 is connected to the working block 21, and the retaining wall block 21 is stacked in eight stages, with its maximum allowable product gradient y / x = 3.33. . These three comparisons show that the maximum allowable product gradient y / x increases if the soil adhesive strength C of the slope 8 increases, and the auxiliary block 31 is attached to the retaining wall block 21 even if the adhesive strength C remains low. It is shown that the maximum allowable product gradient y / x increases in the same way if the strength of the retaining wall is strengthened by connecting. Therefore, when designing the target product gradient, if the slope 8 has insufficient adhesive force, it can be dealt with by connecting the auxiliary block 31 to the retaining wall block 21 to strengthen the retaining wall strength. I understand.

  In addition, the magnitude | size of the strength of the retaining wall strengthened by the auxiliary block 31 is determined by the front and rear lengths of the auxiliary block 31, and increases as the length increases. Therefore, it is possible to select and use a block with a length before and after the required strength from among a plurality of types of auxiliary blocks 31, so that there is no need to install a large block unnecessarily. It is also possible to supplement the strength of as much as necessary. FIG. 5 shows the relationship between the length L obtained by adding the front and rear lengths of the retaining wall block 21 and the auxiliary block 31 and the reciprocal x / y of the maximum allowable product gradient when the blocks are stacked in eight stages. In each case, the adhesive strength C of the soil on the slope is C = 0 to 0.5. From FIG. 5, if the length L is increased, the reciprocal x / y of the maximum allowable product gradient is reduced in each case where the adhesive force C = 0 to 0.5, that is, when the retaining wall is constructed. It can be seen that the land width before and after required is small.

  Moreover, in the present Example 1, since the retaining wall block 21 and the auxiliary block 31 are connected on a one-to-one basis, the outer curved portion 20b in which the rows of the retaining wall blocks 21 are bent outward and arranged inside, In any of the bent portions 20c arranged side by side, the connection between the retaining wall block 21 and the auxiliary block 31 is not hindered, unlike the case of the main block and the sub block of Conventional Example 2. Furthermore, in the straight portion 20a and the outer curved portion 20b of the retaining wall step 20, the shorter lateral plate 32 is connected to the holding plate 24, so that the longer lateral plate 34 is spaced apart rearward. On the other hand, a relatively strong restraining force is obtained from the filler 41. On the other hand, in the inner curved portion 20c, the longer horizontal plate 34 is connected to the holding plate 24, so that the shorter horizontal plate 32 is separated backward. Thus, buffering between the rear end portions of the adjacent auxiliary blocks 31 is avoided.

  In addition, as the retaining wall block 21, a conventional one can be used without changing the basic design, and by doing so, the cost and labor can be reduced.

  The retaining wall 49 shown in FIGS. 6 to 8 of the second embodiment is substantially the same as the first embodiment, but the retaining wall 49 is mainly assumed to have a height of 10 m or less. The point is different. Specifically, it is different from that of the first embodiment in that a reinforcing body 51 is provided behind the retaining wall block 21 instead of the auxiliary block 31. Only the differences from the first embodiment will be described below.

  The reinforcing body 51 is solidified by a cement-based solidifying material while the back surface of the connecting net 59 and the intermediate portion in the longitudinal direction of the drain pipe 52 are taken in the slope 8 and the local soil in the vicinity of the slope 8 and the drain pipe 52. The retaining wall block 21 and the reinforcing body 51 are connected to each other at a distance in the front-rear direction by the front portion of the connecting net 59 being wound around the holding plate 24.

  The reinforcing body 51 is provided behind the row of retaining wall blocks 21 extending in the left-right direction so as to extend left and right along the row. The shape and size of the reinforcing body 51 and the interval between the reinforcing body 51 and the retaining wall block 21 can be freely set because the reinforcing body 51 is manufactured on site. These are set so as to be suitable for each condition such as the product gradient of the retaining wall 49 to be constructed and the soil condition of the slope 8. Here, among these, the reinforcing body 51 when set to the following shapes, dimensions, and intervals is shown. That is, the reinforcing body 51 has a trapezoidal shape when viewed from the left and right, and the length of the lower bottom portion of the front and rear is about 1000 mm. The top and bottom height is about 1000 mm. And the space | interval between the front end of this reinforcement body 51 and the back surface of the retaining plate 24 of the block 21 for retaining walls is about 150 mm.

  The connecting net 59 is a flexible mesh-shaped soft geogrid, and the size of the mesh is such that the filler 41 and the base material 12 can protrude. Therefore, the upper and lower fillers 41 or the upper and lower fillers 41 can be projected through the mesh. The base material 12 and the filler 41 can be meshed with each other. Specifically, the mesh size is about 14 mm, which is about 40% of the average size of the filler 41 (about 35 mm). ing. The connecting net 59 is constrained by the fillers 41 arranged above and below or the filler 41 and the base material 12 meshing with each other.

  The drain pipe 52 is a pipe extending before and after flowing rainwater flowing behind the reinforcing body 51 forward of the block, and penetrates the reinforcing body 51 back and forth. The drain pipe 52 has an inner diameter of about 120 mm and a length of about 1000 mm.

  As shown in FIG. 7A, each retaining wall step 50 provided with the reinforcing body 51 described above includes a straight portion 50 a in which retaining wall blocks 21 are arranged substantially linearly, and FIG. As shown in FIG. 7 (c), the outer curved portion 50b is bent and arranged outward (in the direction in which the distance between the rear end portions of the two retaining wall blocks 21 connected to the left and right) increases. , And one of the inner curved portions 50c arranged in a bent manner (in the direction in which the interval is narrowed), or a combination of two or more.

  As in the first embodiment, the filler 41 is filled in each space S between the back surface of the surface plate 22 and the slope 8, and among them, the space between the back surface of the reinforcing body 51 and the slope 8 is filled. The filler 41 also plays a role as a wastewater treatment material that makes it difficult to collect rainwater behind the reinforcing body 51. That is, rainwater that flows into the back of the reinforcing body 51 passes through the gaps between the pebble-like fillers 41 as the wastewater treatment material, and then flows out to the front of the reinforcing body 51 through the drain pipe 52. It is a mechanism.

  The procedure for constructing the retaining wall 49 shown above is as follows: (Construction of foundation) → (Installation of retaining wall block and reinforcement) → (Connection between retaining wall block and reinforcement) → (Filling material Details will be described below in the order of filling.

(Building the foundation)
The foundation 10 is constructed in the same manner as in the first embodiment.

(Installation of retaining wall blocks and auxiliary blocks)
By fixing the ground 8 in the vicinity of the slope 8 and its surroundings with a cement-based solidifying material while taking the rear part of the connecting net 59 extending in the front-rear direction and the middle part in the length direction of the drain pipe 52 extending in the front-rear direction, A reinforcing body 51 extending left and right is constructed on the rear part. Thereafter, the retaining wall blocks 21 are arranged in a row on the front portion of the foundation 10 so that the surface plates 22 are adjacent to each other without gaps on the left and right sides. At this time, first, the connecting net 59 is placed so as to protrude straight forward from the front end of the reinforcing body 51, and the retaining plate 24 of the retaining wall block 21 is placed on the net.

(Connection between retaining wall block and reinforcement)
After bending the front part of the connecting net 59 upward, it is folded back and wound around the retaining plate 24, and the tip of the net as its winding end is joined to the winding start portion by a fastening member, a heat-sealing member or the like. Thus, the reinforcing body 51 is connected to the retaining wall block 21.

(Filling material)
After the filler 41 is put on the portion of the connecting net 59 located between the retaining wall block 21 and the reinforcing body 51 so that the portion is buried, the filler 41 is placed every about 250 mm. The connecting net 59 is restrained by rolling with a compacting machine such as −. After that, as in the first embodiment, each empty space S is filled with the filler 41 and the retaining wall block 21 is fixed to the site ground 6.

  The upper retaining wall step 50 is constructed in the same manner as described above on the diagonally rear upper side of the lowermost retaining wall step 50 constructed as described above, and the retaining wall step 50 is constructed obliquely rearward and upward along the slope 8 by repeating the above steps. The retaining wall step 50 is constructed over a plurality of steps by stacking while retreating. However, also in this process, the foundation 10 is not constructed in the construction process of the retaining wall stage 50 constructed above the lowermost stage. In this process, the retaining wall stage located in the lower stage is used instead of the foundation 10. The retaining wall block 21 and the reinforcing body 51 are installed on the 50 fillers 41.

  According to the second embodiment, since the reinforcing body 51 is connected to the retaining wall block 21, the strength of the retaining wall 49 is reinforced by the reinforcing body 51, and the connecting net 59 includes the filler. The strength is also strengthened by being restrained by 41. Note that the strength of the retaining wall 49 reinforced by the reinforcing body 51 and the like in this manner depends on the size of the reinforcing body 51 and the interval between the reinforcing body 51 and the retaining wall block 21. The larger the dimension and the interval, the larger each becomes. In this respect, in the second embodiment, the dimensions and intervals can be freely set. Therefore, by setting these dimensions and intervals to a size corresponding to the required strength, it is unnecessary. In addition, the strength of the retaining wall 49 can be supplemented as much as necessary without increasing the size and the interval.

  In the second embodiment, since the retaining wall block 21 and the reinforcing body 51 are connected to each other via the connecting net 59 as described above, the row of the retaining wall blocks 21 is bent outward. Unlike both the main block and the sub block of the conventional example 2, the retaining wall block 21 and the reinforcing body 51 are different from each other in the outer curved portion 50b arranged and the inner curved portion 50c bent inward. There will be no hindrance to the connection.

  Moreover, in the present Example 2, since the reinforcement body 51 is manufactured in the field using the earth and sand of a site as a raw material, the effort which carries the reinforcement body 51 or its raw material into the field from the outside is reduced.

  Further, as the retaining wall block 21, as in the first embodiment, a conventional product can be used without changing the basic design, and by doing so, the cost and labor can be reduced.

  The present invention is not limited to the first and second embodiments described above, and can be appropriately modified and embodied without departing from the spirit of the invention. For example, in the second embodiment, a reinforcing body extending left and right As shown in FIG. 9, instead of 51, one block-shaped reinforcing body 61 is arranged behind each one retaining wall block 21, and the reinforcing body 61 is attached to the retaining wall block 21. You may connect one by one.

It is a perspective view which shows the retaining wall of Example 1 of this invention. In the retaining wall step of Example 1, (a) is a plan view showing a straight portion, (b) is a plan view showing an outer curved portion, and (c) is a plan view showing an inner curved portion. In the Example 1, it is a perspective view which shows the mode at the time of constructing | retaining a retaining wall. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the mode of the retaining wall of Comparative Examples 1 and 2 and Example 1. FIG. It is a graph which shows the relationship between the length of a block, and the reciprocal number of the maximum allowable product gradient. It is a perspective view which shows the retaining wall of Example 2 of this invention. In the retaining wall step of Example 2, (a) is a plan view showing a straight portion, (b) is a plan view showing an outer curved portion, and (c) is a plan view showing an inner curved portion. It is side surface sectional drawing which shows the retaining wall of the Example 2. FIG. It is a top view which shows the example of a change of the prior art example 2. (A) which shows the retaining wall of the prior art example 1 is side surface sectional drawing, (b) is a plane sectional view. In the retaining wall step of Conventional Example 2, (a) is a plan view showing a straight portion, (b) is a plan view showing an outer curved portion, and (c) is a plan view showing an inner curved portion.

Explanation of symbols

8 Slope 9 Retaining wall 20 Retaining wall step
21 Retaining Wall Block 22 Surface Plate 24 Holding Plate 26 Connecting Plate 31 Auxiliary Block 32 Shorter Horizontal Plate 34 Longer Horizontal Plate 36 Vertical Plate 41 Filler 49 Retaining Wall 50 Retaining Wall Step (Stage)
51 Reinforcing body 59 Net for connection (net-like body)
S void

Claims (6)

A front plate standing on the front side of the slope, a holding plate having a shorter length in the left-right direction than the front plate spaced apart and standing behind the front plate, a left and right intermediate portion of the front plate, and the holding plate A plurality of retaining wall blocks, which are formed in a box shape that opens up and down by a pair of connecting plates that are connected to each other at two left and right intermediate portions, are arranged side by side with the surface plates adjacent to each other on the left and right. And
Behind each one retaining wall block are a pair of horizontal plates that are shorter in the left-right direction than the surface plate that stand up in parallel with each other in the front-rear direction, and left and right intermediate portions of the pair of horizontal plates Each auxiliary block configured in a box shape that opens up and down by a pair of vertical plates that are connected to each other at two positions with a gap between them on the left and right is arranged, and the front horizontal plate of the pair of horizontal plates However, the retaining wall block and the auxiliary block are connected on a one-to-one basis by being connected to the holding plate in a state of being in contact with the back surface of the holding plate,
Each stage between the back surface of the surface plate and the slope is filled with a filler to form one stage, and the stage is built up in multiple stages while retreating sequentially from bottom to top. Retaining wall.   2. The retaining wall according to claim 1, wherein the pair of horizontal plates have different lengths in the left-right direction, and one of the pair of horizontal plates is alternatively arranged on the front side and connected to the holding plate. . A front plate standing on the front side of the slope, a holding plate having a shorter length in the left-right direction than the front plate spaced apart and standing behind the front plate, a left and right intermediate portion of the front plate, and the holding plate A plurality of retaining wall blocks, which are formed in a box shape that opens up and down by a pair of connecting plates that are connected to each other at two left and right intermediate portions, are arranged side by side with the surface plates adjacent to each other on the left and right. And
Behind the retaining wall block is disposed a reinforcing body in which the earth or sand in the vicinity of the slope is solidified by a cement-based solidifying material while taking the rear part of the net-like body extending in the front-rear direction into the inside. By winding the front part of the body around the holding plate, the retaining wall block and the reinforcing body are connected to each other with an interval in the front-rear direction,
Each stage between the back surface of the surface plate and the slope is filled with a filler to form one stage, and the stage is built up in multiple stages while retreating sequentially from bottom to top. Retaining wall. A front plate standing on the front side of the slope, a holding plate having a shorter length in the left-right direction than the front plate spaced apart and standing behind the front plate, a left and right intermediate portion of the front plate, and the holding plate A plurality of retaining wall blocks configured in a box shape that opens up and down by a pair of connecting plates that are connected to each other at two left and right intermediate portions are arranged with the surface plates adjacent to each other on the left and right sides. With
Behind each one retaining wall block are a pair of horizontal plates that are shorter in the left-right direction than the surface plate that stand up in parallel with each other in the front-rear direction, and left and right intermediate portions of the pair of horizontal plates Arrange each one auxiliary block configured in a box shape that opens up and down by a pair of vertical plates that are connected to each other at two places with a gap between them left and right,
The retaining wall block and the auxiliary block are connected in a one-to-one relationship by connecting the front horizontal plate of the pair of horizontal plates to the holding plate in contact with the back surface of the holding plate. And
Each stage between the back surface of the surface plate and the slope is filled with a filler to form one stage, and the retaining walls are stacked in a plurality of stages while the stage is sequentially retreated from the bottom to the top. How to build a retaining wall.   5. The retaining wall according to claim 4, wherein the pair of horizontal plates have different lengths in the left-right direction, and one of the pair of horizontal plates is alternatively arranged on the front side and connected to the holding plate. Construction method. A front plate standing on the front side of the slope, a holding plate having a shorter length in the left-right direction than the front plate spaced apart and standing behind the front plate, a left and right intermediate portion of the front plate, and the holding plate A plurality of retaining wall blocks configured in a box shape that opens up and down by a pair of connecting plates that are connected to each other at two left and right intermediate portions are arranged with the surface plates adjacent to each other on the left and right sides. With
Arranged behind the retaining wall block is a reinforcing body that is solidified by a cement-based solidifying material while taking in the rear part of the net-like body extending in the front-rear direction on the slope or the local soil in the vicinity thereof,
By wrapping the front part of the mesh body around the holding plate, the retaining wall block and the reinforcing body are connected at an interval in the front-rear direction,
Each stage between the back surface of the surface plate and the slope is filled with a filler to form one stage, and the retaining walls are stacked in a plurality of stages while the stage is sequentially retreated from the bottom to the top. How to build a retaining wall.

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