JP2008208768A - Engine - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an engine efficiently transmitting reciprocating kinetic energy of a piston by explosion combustion to a rotary output mechanism. <P>SOLUTION: This engine has a structure in which a first cylinder 1 and a second cylinder 2 are oppositely arranged on an axial line X, a first piston 3 in the first cylinder 1 and a second piston 3 in the second cylinder 2 are directly connected with a piston rod 5 extending on the axial line X, and the first and the second pistons 3, 4 and the piston rod 5 reciprocates as one unit. Output mechanisms 8, 9 converting reciprocating motion of the piston rod 5 to rotary motion are connected to an intermediate extension part of the piston rod 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an engine used as a power source for a ship or a vehicle.

  Conventionally, cylinders are provided in parallel, one end of the connecting rod is connected to the end of the piston in each cylinder, the other end of each connecting rod is connected to the crankshaft, and the reciprocating motion of each piston is connected to each connecting rod. Engines that rotate wheels through a crankshaft are known.

  In the above engine, the forward power of the piston built in the cylinder is obtained by the combustion explosion of the fuel in the explosion combustion chamber of the cylinder, the forward power is transmitted to the crankshaft through the connecting rod, and is restored by the flywheel provided on the crankshaft. The structure to get power is adopted.

  Thus, the above method has the greatest problem that unevenness occurs in the forward speed due to explosion combustion and the reverse speed due to the flywheel, resulting in unevenness in the rotational speed of the crankshaft.

  On the other hand, in the known horizontally opposed cylinder type engine, the cylinders are provided facing each other, the piston rods of the cylinders are connected to the crankshaft, and the pistons built in the cylinders are moved by the combustion explosion of the fuel in the combustion chambers of the cylinders. Power and return power are obtained, the forward power and return power are transmitted to the crankshaft via the connecting rod, and the transition from the forward movement to the backward movement is smoothly performed by the flywheel provided on the crankshaft. .

  The engine with the cylinders arranged in parallel and the engine with the cylinders facing horizontally are only different in the arrangement of the cylinders. The connecting rod is directly connected to the piston, and the connecting rod is obtained by directly obtaining the driving force from the piston. It is common in that it operates and converts the reciprocating motion of the piston into rotational motion.

  The present invention provides an engine having a new conversion mechanism that does not belong to any of the above-mentioned methods, eliminating the method of converting a reciprocating motion into a rotational motion by directly obtaining a driving force from a piston.

  The engine according to the present invention includes a first cylinder and a second cylinder that are opposed to each other on one axis.

  A first piston is provided in the first cylinder, a second piston is provided in the second cylinder, and both pistons are directly connected by a piston rod extending on the axis.

  The first and second pistons and the piston rod reciprocate integrally, and an output mechanism for converting the reciprocating motion of the piston rod into a rotational motion is connected to an intermediate extension portion of the piston rod.

  Preferably, the first output mechanism and the second output mechanism are arranged symmetrically with respect to the piston rod.

  The output mechanism is configured to convert the reciprocating motion into a rotational motion via a connecting rod connected to an intermediate extending portion of the piston rod, that is, an extending portion between the first and second pistons.

  Accordingly, the first output mechanism is connected to the intermediate extension portion of the piston rod by the first connecting rod, and similarly the second output mechanism is extended to the intermediate extension of the piston rod by the second connecting rod. Connected to the part.

  The first and second connecting rods are arranged symmetrically with respect to each other, and one ends of the first and second connecting rods are connected to the axial center of the piston rod.

  According to the present invention, the piston rod is provided with a forward driving force by a strong propulsive force applied to the first piston, and a restoring force is obtained by the strong propelling force applied to the second piston.

  The piston rod can be reciprocated stably and powerfully by the forward and backward driving forces applied to the first and second pistons, and the revolving motion of the output mechanism is stable and strong with the bidirectional thrust. Can be taken out.

  According to the present invention, a reciprocating motion of a single piston rod can be taken out as an axially symmetric output by an output mechanism provided symmetrically with respect to the piston rod. Applicable to.

  The best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described below with reference to FIGS.

  The engine according to the present invention has a first cylinder 1 and a second cylinder 2 which are arranged on one axis X.

  The first cylinder 1 incorporates a first piston 3, the second cylinder 2 incorporates a second piston 4, and the pistons 3 and 4 are directly connected by a piston rod 5 extending on the axis X.

  The first and second cylinders 1 and 2 are made of bottomed cylinders having the same diameter and the same length, with the rear ends closed by end walls 6 and 7, respectively. Consists of hollow bodies or solid bodies of equal diameter and equal thickness.

  The first and second cylinders 1 and 2 are formed by two cylinders facing each other on the axis X, and the piston rod 5 extends between the front end surfaces of both cylinders.

  Alternatively, the first and second cylinders 1 and 2 are formed of a relatively long single cylinder extending on the axis X, and the first cylinder 1 is connected to the other end of the cylinder by the other end. The second cylinders 2 are respectively formed at the end side extending portions.

  The first and second pistons 3 and 4 and the piston rod 5 reciprocate integrally in the directly connected state, and an output mechanism that converts the reciprocating motion of the piston rod 5 into a rotational motion at an intermediate extension portion of the piston rod 5. Concatenate

  As an example, as shown in FIGS. 1 and 11, the center O in the longitudinal direction of the intermediate extension portion of the piston rod 5, that is, the position O in which the dimension between the first piston 3 and the second piston 4 is halved. In addition, an output mechanism for converting the reciprocating motion of the piston rod 5 into a rotational motion is coupled.

  As a preferred example, the first output mechanism 8 and the second output mechanism 9 are arranged axially symmetrically in the intermediate extension portion of the piston rod 5. That is, the first and second output mechanisms 8 and 9 are disposed on the opposite side of the piston rod 5 from 180 °.

  Alternatively, the first to fourth output mechanisms are arranged on the piston rod 5 at intervals of 90 °. Alternatively, the first to third output mechanisms are arranged at 120 ° intervals in the circumferential direction of the piston rod 5. That is, it includes a case where a plurality of output mechanisms are arranged at equal intervals in the circumferential direction with respect to the piston rod 5, or a case where a single output mechanism is provided.

  The first and second output mechanisms 8 and 9 are connected to the extending portion of the piston rod 5 via the first and second connecting rods 10 and 11, and have a configuration for converting the reciprocating motion into a rotational motion.

  The first connecting rod 10 of the first output mechanism 8 and the second connecting rod 11 of the second output mechanism 9 are arranged symmetrically with respect to each other, and one end of each of the support rods 12 at the center O in the axial direction of the piston rod 5. The other end is connected to the first and second crank levers 13 and 14 via a support shaft 15 so as to be rotatable.

  As shown in FIG. 11, when the first and second cylinders 1 and 2 are formed of a single cylinder, the first and second connecting rods 10 and 11 are provided in the intermediate extension portion of the cylinder. It extends through the opening 28.

  The first and second crank levers 13, 14 are connected to first and second rotation output shafts 16, 17 provided at fixed positions, and are integrally fixed with the first and second rotation output shafts 16, 17. Rotate.

  A first explosion combustion chamber 18 is formed at the rear end of the first cylinder 1 so as to face the rear surface of the first piston 3, and similarly, the rear surface of the second cylinder 2 faces the rear surface of the second piston 4. Thus, the second explosion combustion chamber 19 is formed, and the first and second spark plugs 20 and 21 are disposed on the end walls 6 and 7 of the first and second cylinders 1 and 2, respectively.

  The first and second cylinders 1 and 2 have pipe walls or end walls 6 and 7 for injecting petroleum-based fuel, plant-based fuel, and combustible gas into the first and second explosion combustion chambers 18 and 19, respectively. Second fuel injection devices 22 and 23 are provided.

  Further, depending on the implementation, first and second water injection devices for injecting water into the first and second explosion combustion chambers 18 and 19 on the pipe walls or end walls 6 and 7 of the first and second cylinders 1 and 2. 24 and 25 are provided. The present invention does not exclude the case where the first and second water injection devices 24 and 25 do not perform water injection.

  In the following, the operation of the engine will be described step by step based on FIGS. 1 to 10 for understanding the configuration.

  FIG. 1 shows a state in which the first and second pistons 3 and 4 and the piston rod 5 are moved to the first cylinder 1 side by explosive combustion in the second explosion combustion chamber 19 and reach the end of the movement. Thus, the fuel (air-fuel mixture) injected into the first explosion combustion chamber 18 through the first fuel injection device 22 is compressed, ignited by the first spark plug 20, and compressed in the first explosion combustion chamber 18. Let the fuel explode and burn.

  At this time, the first and second connecting rods 10 and 11 are inclined to the first cylinder 1 side with a maximum inclination angle.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 2, the first piston 3 starts moving forward by the propulsive force accompanying explosion combustion in the first explosion combustion chamber 18, and the second piston 4 is moved backward via the piston rod 5.

  At this time, cold water or heated water is supplied from the first water injection device 24 into the first explosion combustion chamber 18, and the water is decomposed and burned by the high heat accompanying the explosion combustion of the fuel.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 3, while the first piston 3 is further advanced by explosive combustion in the first explosion combustion chamber 18, the second piston 4 is moved backward while the second piston 4 is further moved backward. While injecting fuel into the explosive combustion chamber 19 through the second fuel injection device 23, gas is sucked in through the second intake / exhaust port 27 to form an air-fuel mixture.

  Next, as shown in FIGS. 4 and 5, the first piston 3 is further advanced by the explosive combustion propulsive force in the first explosion combustion chamber 18, and the second piston 4 is further moved backward, whereby the second explosion combustion is performed. Compression of the fuel (air mixture) in the chamber 19 is started.

  Following the integral movement of the first and second pistons 3 and 4 and the piston rod 5 in FIGS. 1 to 5, the first and second connecting rods 10 and 11 are in the upright state (from the maximum inclined state (FIG. 1)). 5), and accordingly, the first and second crank levers 13 and 14 rotate around the first and second rotation output shafts 16 and 17, and the first and second rotation output shafts 16 and 17 rotate. Let me.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 6, when the first piston 3 further moves forward, the first intake / exhaust port 26 is opened and exhaust in the first explosion combustion chamber 18 is started.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 7, the second piston 4 forms a state in which the fuel in the second explosion combustion chamber 19 is compressed to the maximum at the moving end toward the second cylinder 2, and in the maximum compression state, the second piston 4 The spark plug 21 ignites, and the compressed fuel is explosively burned in the second explosion combustion chamber 19.

  At this time, the first and second connecting rods 10 and 11 are inclined with the maximum inclination angle toward the second cylinder 2 in the direction opposite to that in FIG.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 8, the second piston 4 starts moving forward by the propulsive force accompanying the explosive combustion in the second explosion combustion chamber 19, and the first piston 3 starts moving backward via the piston rod 5. Let me.

  At this time, cold water or heated water is supplied into the second explosion combustion chamber 19 from the second water injection device 25, and the water is decomposed and burned by the high heat accompanying the explosive combustion of the fuel.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 9, while the second piston 4 is further advanced by explosive combustion in the second explosion combustion chamber 19, and the first piston 3 is further moved backward, the first piston 3 behind the first piston 3 is moved forward. While injecting fuel into the explosion combustion chamber 18 through the first fuel injection device 22, gas is sucked in through the first intake / exhaust port 26 to form an air-fuel mixture.

  Next, as shown in FIG. 10, the second piston 4 is further moved forward by the explosive combustion propulsive force in the second explosion combustion chamber 19, and the first piston 3 is further moved backward, and the first piston 3 is moved backward. Thus, the compression of the fuel (air mixture) in the first explosion combustion chamber 18 is started, and the second intake port 27 is opened by the advance of the second piston 4 to start the exhaust.

  Following the integral movement of the first and second pistons 3 and 4 and the piston rod 5 in FIGS. 6 to 10, the first and second connecting rods 10 and 11 move from the upright state shown in FIG. Inclination is started, and after the maximum inclination state shown in FIG. 7, following the start of forward movement of the second piston 4, it is restored in a direction to cancel the inclination, and the state of FIG. 1 is reached again.

  By repeating the movements shown in FIGS. 1 to 10, the first and second crank levers 13 and 14 repeatedly rotate around the first and second rotation output shafts 16 and 17, respectively. The rotation of the rotation output shafts 16 and 17 is repeated. Therefore, the reciprocating motion of the piston rod 5 is converted into a rotational motion. When the rotation output mechanisms are provided symmetrically, the rotations of the respective rotation output mechanisms are triggered synchronously.

  The first and second output shafts 16 and 17 are provided with balance weights, respectively, so that the rotation can be performed more smoothly.

  The present invention constitutes an engine that obtains the above operation by the explosive combustion system of these fuels (air mixture), supplies high pressure steam into the chambers 18 and 19, and the first and second pistons 3 and 4 are shown in FIGS. The case where it operates according to 10.

  In this case, the first and second fuel injection devices 22 and 23, the first and second water injection devices 24 and 25, the first and second spark plugs 20 and 21 constituting the engine are not provided, and the chamber 18, A supply device for supplying high-pressure steam is provided in 19.

  In the present invention, the engine including the power generation mechanism using the high-pressure steam is referred to as an engine.

FIG. 1 to FIG. 10 are sectional views for explaining the structure of the engine and its operating state in order. FIG. 1 shows the maximum compression state, ignition state, and exhaust state in the second explosion combustion chamber in the first explosion combustion chamber. FIG. FIG. 2 is a cross-sectional view of the engine showing a state of water injection into the first explosion combustion chamber. FIG. 3 is a cross-sectional view of the engine showing the fuel injection into the second explosion combustion chamber and the intake state. FIG. 4 is a cross-sectional view of the engine showing an explosion combustion state in the first explosion combustion chamber and a compression state in the second explosion combustion chamber. FIG. 5 is a cross-sectional view of the engine showing a state in which the connecting rod is brought into an upright state from an inclined state in one direction shown in FIGS. FIG. 6 is a sectional view of the engine showing an exhaust start state of the first explosion combustion chamber. FIG. 7 is a cross-sectional view of the engine showing the maximum compression state, ignition state, and exhaust state of the first explosion combustion chamber in the second explosion combustion chamber. FIG. 8 is a cross-sectional view of the engine showing a state of water injection into the second explosion combustion chamber. FIG. 9 is a cross-sectional view of the engine showing a fuel injection state and an intake state into the first explosion combustion chamber. FIG. 10 is a sectional view of the engine showing an exhaust start state of the second explosion combustion chamber. FIG. 11 is a cross-sectional view showing the connection structure of the first and second connecting rods to the piston rod.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... 1st cylinder, 2 ... 2nd cylinder, 3 ... 1st piston, 4 ... 2nd piston, 5 ... Piston rod, 6 ... End wall, 7 ... End wall, 8 ... 1st output mechanism, 9 ... 2nd Output mechanism, 10 ... first connecting rod, 11 ... second connecting rod, 12 ... support shaft, 13 ... first crank lever, 14 ... second crank lever, 15 ... support shaft, 16 ... first rotation output shaft, 17 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS ... 2nd rotation output shaft, 18 ... 1st explosion combustion chamber, 19 ... 2nd explosion combustion chamber, 20 ... 1st spark plug, 21 ... 2nd spark plug, 22 ... 1st fuel injection apparatus, 23 ... 2nd Fuel injection device, 24 ... first water injection device, 25 ... second water injection device, 26 ... first intake / exhaust port, 27 ... second intake / exhaust port, 28 ... opening

Claims (4)

The first cylinder and the second cylinder are placed on one axis, and the first piston in the first cylinder and the second piston in the second cylinder are directly connected by a piston rod extending on the axis, and the first, An engine having a configuration in which a second piston and a piston rod reciprocate integrally, and an output mechanism for converting the reciprocating motion of the piston rod into a rotational motion is connected to an intermediate extension portion of the piston rod. . The engine according to claim 1, wherein the output mechanism includes a first output mechanism and a second output mechanism that are arranged symmetrically with respect to the piston rod. 3. The engine according to claim 1, wherein the output mechanism has a configuration for converting a reciprocating motion of the piston rod into a rotational motion via a connecting rod connected to an extending portion of the piston rod. The engine according to claim 3, wherein the connecting rod is connected to the rod at the center in the axial direction of the piston rod.

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