JP2008207179A - Apparatus for gasifying and melting waste - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an apparatus for gasifying and melting waste, wherein the recovery rates of valuable metals are increased and the dust accumulated in a connection duct is removed while the apparatus is continuously operated. <P>SOLUTION: The apparatus for gasifying and melting waste is provided with: an internal-circulation fluidized-bed gasification furnace 11 in which waste A containing copper slag substantially is charged and a part of the thrown waste A is subjected to thermaly cracking gasification in a circulation flow of a fluid medium and from which a high-temperature gas, particulate char and an incombustible component are discharged; a circular melting furnace 21 into which the high-temperature gas, the particulate char and the incombustible component are introduced to form a whirling flow 34 inside the primary combustion chamber 35, so that molten slag is produced by making the ash content into slag; the connection duct 38 for introducing the high-temperature gas, the particulate char and the incombustible component into the circular melting furnace 21; and a gas jetting nozzle 42 which is inserted into an opening 39 bored on the side wall of the connection duct 38 and used for jetting a cleaning gas toward an almost horizontal area 40 extending to the inner wall of the connection duct 38. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a gasification and melting apparatus, and in particular, metal cages containing valuable metals such as copper (Cu), zinc (Zn), lead (Pb), iron (Fe), etc., which are generated from various industries, automobiles, electrical appliances, etc. Waste gas that generates pyrolysis gas in a gasification furnace using raw materials such as shredder dust and waste plastics containing valuable metals generated in the gasification furnace, and transfers the pyrolysis gas to a melting furnace through a connecting duct to slag The present invention relates to a chemical melting apparatus.

  In general, industrial waste containing copper candy and valuable metals and plastics as raw materials is used as a raw material to suppress the generation of harmful substances, prevent metal oxidation, and have a high melting point and low vapor pressure, making recovery difficult. A gasification furnace that collects valuable metals such as copper and iron, and valuable metals such as zinc and lead that have a low melting point and high vapor pressure, and also collects valuable metals that are incinerated simultaneously with waste such as sludge and waste liquid A valuable metal recovery device is known in which a melting furnace is connected to a melting furnace by a communication duct. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 11-302748 (paragraph number 0010, FIG. 1)

  However, as described above, in the valuable metal recovery device in which the conventional gasification furnace and the melting furnace are connected by the connecting duct, the dust in the pyrolysis gas accumulates on the horizontal portion of the connecting duct and closes the connecting duct. As a result, the recovery efficiency of valuable metals was reduced. In addition, in order to periodically remove the dust, it is necessary to temporarily stop the waste gasification and melting apparatus and perform complicated maintenance work.

  In view of such circumstances, the present invention enhances the recovery efficiency of valuable metals and gasifies and melts waste to remove dust accumulated in the communication duct even when the gasification and melting apparatus for waste is continuously operated. The device is to be provided.

  In order to achieve the above object, a waste gasification and melting apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention is, for example, as shown in FIG. Fluidized air with a high velocity and fluidized air with a low mass velocity were blown to form a circulating flow of the fluidized medium, and a part of the waste A was pyrolyzed and gasified into a high-temperature gas and fine particles in the circulating flow of the fluidized medium. An internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 that discharges char and incombustible components from the discharge port 32, and hot gas and finely divided char and incombustible components are introduced through the swirl introduction port 33 and swirled into the primary combustion chamber 35. A swirl melting furnace 21 that forms a flow 34 to slag ash to produce molten slag, a discharge port 32 and a swirl introduction port 33 are connected, and the swirl melting furnace 21 converts high-temperature gas, finely divided char and incombustible components. Connecting duct 38 leading to It includes is inserted in the opening 39 bored in the side wall of the contact duct 38, the gas injection nozzle 42 for injecting a cleaning gas toward the substantially horizontal region 40 extending to the inner wall of the contact duct 38.

  Here, as the cleaning gas according to the first aspect, for example, compressed air can be used.

  If comprised in this way, in order to provide the gas injection nozzle 42 which injects cleaning gas toward the substantially horizontal area | region 40 extended to the inner wall of the connection duct 38, the dust deposited on the substantially horizontal area 40 is blown away, and the connection duct 38 of the connection duct 38 is blown away. Blockage can be prevented.

  In order to achieve the above object, the waste gasification and melting apparatus according to the first aspect of the present invention according to the second aspect includes, for example, a gas tank 29 for compressing and storing a cleaning gas as shown in FIGS. And a gas supply valve 30 that is inserted between the gas injection nozzles 42 and intermittently supplies the cleaning gas to the gas injection nozzles 42.

  With this configuration, the gas supply valve 30 that intermittently supplies the cleaning gas to the gas injection nozzle is provided, so that dust accumulated in the substantially horizontal region 40 can be blown away to prevent the communication duct 38 from being blocked. .

  In order to achieve the above object, the waste gasification and melting apparatus according to claim 1 or claim 2 according to the invention according to claim 3 is, for example, as shown in FIG. And an inclined region 43 for adjusting the height difference between the rotation introduction port 33 and the gas injection nozzle 42 in the inclined region 43 and the cleaning gas is injected toward the substantially horizontal region 40 extending on the inner wall of the connecting duct 38. Configure as follows.

  With this configuration, the gas injection nozzle 42 is disposed in the inclined region 43 and the cleaning gas is injected toward the substantially horizontal region 40 extending on the inner wall of the communication duct 38. The blockage of the payment communication duct 38 can be prevented.

  In order to achieve the above object, the waste gasification and melting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3 according to the invention according to claim 4 is, for example, a gas injection as shown in FIG. The nozzles 42 are arranged at least at three locations toward the turning introduction port 33.

  If comprised in this way, the dust which accumulates in the substantially horizontal area | region 40 will be blown off, and obstruction | occlusion of the communication duct 38 can be prevented.

In order to achieve the above object, the waste gasification and melting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 4 according to the invention according to claim 5 is, for example, a gas injection as shown in FIG. A cleaning process in which the cleaning gas is sprayed from the nozzle 42 at a pressure of about 2 to 5 kg / cm ² for 0.1 to 1 second is controlled to be repeated at intervals of 15 to 60 minutes.

  If comprised in this way, the dust which accumulates in the substantially horizontal area | region 40 will be blown off, and obstruction | occlusion of the communication duct 38 can be prevented.

  As described above, according to the waste gasification and melting apparatus according to claims 1 to 5 of the present invention, the recovery efficiency of valuable metals is increased and the inside of the connecting duct is continuously operated. An excellent effect of providing a waste gasification and melting device for removing dust deposits can be obtained.

  Hereinafter, embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 to FIG. 4 are examples of embodiments for carrying out the invention. In the drawings, the same or similar parts as those shown in FIG. 1 represent the same or equivalent parts, and redundant descriptions are omitted.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic system diagram of a waste gasification and melting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. The gasification and melting apparatus includes a first storage 1 for storing copper culm A1, another second storage 2 for storing industrial waste A2 containing metal, and the first and second storages. Feed feeder 4 that receives copper trough A1 and industrial waste A2 and the like conveyed by conveyor 3 from the side, and feeds copper trough A1 and industrial waste A2 as raw material A connected to the downstream of supply feeder 4 from the side wall An internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and a pyrolysis gas E which is connected downstream of the internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and contains gas and finely divided char and incombustible components from the internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11. A communication duct to be passed, and a swirl melting furnace 21 for introducing the pyrolysis gas E from the swirl inlet through the communication duct.

  The internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 used in the gasification and melting apparatus is charged with waste A substantially containing copper slag A1 from the side wall, fed air C from the bottom, and has a high mass velocity when viewed from the plane. The fluidized air is blown from the outer peripheral portion, and the fluidized air having a low mass velocity is blown from the central portion when seen from the plane, thereby forming a circulating flow of the fluidized medium located at the bottom of the internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11. Part of the waste A is pyrolyzed and gasified in the circulating flow of the fluidized medium, and the gas, finely divided char and incombustible components are discharged from the upper outlet.

  The swirling melting furnace 21 used in the gasification and melting apparatus introduces the gas discharged from the internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and the finely divided char and incombustible components from the swirl inlet provided on the side wall, and the combustion gas. It is introduced in a tangential direction with respect to the axial direction when viewed from the plane to form a swirl flow inside the primary combustion chamber, and slag is formed from incombustible components to generate molten slag.

  Further, the gasification and melting apparatus is located at the lower part of the bottom of the swirl melting furnace 21, slag chute for discharging the molten slag G discharged from the swirl melting furnace 21, and copper from the molten slag G introduced from the slag chute. A reduction furnace 31 for collecting I is provided. Further, the communication duct inserted and disposed between the internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and the swirl melting furnace 21 is formed with a path through which the pyrolysis gas E passes, and a gas injection nozzle (not configured to supply cleaning gas from the outside) A gas tank 29 connected to the gas injection nozzle via a valve 30 and an air blower 27 connected to the gas tank 29 via a valve 28 are provided.

The gas tank 29 described above compresses and stores the air blown from the air blower 27 at a pressure of about 2 to 5 kg / cm ² . Preferably, it is desirable to compress and store at a pressure of about 3.5 kg / cm ² . As the valve connected downstream of the gas tank 29, for example, a plurality of electromagnetic valves 30 can be used, and about 50 liters of air is supplied for 0.1 to 1 second by one opening control controlled by a computer. It can supply to a gas injection nozzle. The cleaning process by the gas injection nozzle is controlled by a computer so as to be repeated at intervals of about 15 to 30 minutes. Preferably, the cleaning gas is allowed to pass through the plurality of electromagnetic valves 30 through the above-described 50 liters of air at intervals of 20 minutes for 0.5 seconds.

  The air blower 27 is controlled by a computer and supplies compressed air through the electromagnetic valve 28 during a period in which compressed air is supplied from the gas tank 29 through the electromagnetic valve 30 to the injection nozzle or during a period in which compressed air is not supplied to the injection nozzle. The gas is supplied to the gas tank 29, and the blowing of air is stopped when the pressure in the gas tank 29 reaches a predetermined pressure. In this case, the solenoid valve 28 is closed by the computer so that air does not flow backward from the gas tank 29.

  The first reservoir 1 can simultaneously store other low-grade ores, such as sulfide ores such as copper-containing pyrite and chalcopyrite, and oxide ores. The copper slag includes slag, dust, shavings generated from brass and copper bronze factories, bronze factories, and copper hydroxide and precipitated copper generated from chemical factories.

  Moreover, the sludge produced | generated by the neutralization process etc. can be simultaneously stored in the 1st storage place 1. FIG.

  Here, with reference to the system diagram of FIG. 1, the operation of the melting and removing material for melting furnace deposits will be described. The melting furnace deposit removal apparatus removes the copper slag A1 etc. from the first storage 1 through a crusher (not shown) and finely pulverizes it, along with the pulverized industrial waste A2 etc. From the end of the conveyor 3, the copper jar A <b> 1, the industrial waste A <b> 2, and the like are put into the supply feeder 4.

  Next, a predetermined amount of copper slag A1, industrial waste A2, and the like are fed as raw material A into the internal circulating fluidized bed gasifier 11 from the supply feeder 4. Here, the sludge B can be introduced into the internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 by a supply feeder (not shown) separately from the copper slag A1 and the like. The sludge B includes sewage sludge generated in general sewage, human waste sludge, neutralized sludge generated from wastewater treatment, and the like.

  Here, the copper cage A1 is preferably a cage containing 20 to 80% of copper grade. This is because when the copper quality is 20% or less, the variable cost becomes large, and when the copper quality is 80% or more, it is advantageous to solidify by some means and put it into a copper smelting converter factory. For the above reason, the copper grade is more preferably in the range of 30 to 50%. Further, the industrial waste A2 includes shredder dust containing valuable metals and plastics obtained by treating automobiles, home appliances, etc. with a shredder, and household and industrial waste plastics.

  The internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 is configured such that the industrial waste A2 and copper slag A1 introduced from the side wall of the internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 are air C in the fluidized bed inside the internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11. The fluidized air (peripheral portion) with a large mass velocity and the fluidized air (central portion) with a small mass velocity are branched to form a circulating flow of the fluidized medium in the internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and waste. A part of the industrial waste A2 and copper soot A1 are pyrolyzed and gasified in a circulating flow of a fluid medium, and the gas, finely divided char and incombustible components are discharged.

The temperature of the internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 is set to a temperature of about 450 to 600 ° C., and a reducing atmosphere having an air ratio of about 0.1 to 0.3 is created, so that the waste plastic in the industrial waste A2 is discharged. While preventing combustion, waste plastic is pyrolyzed and gasified. In this case, copper (Cu), iron (Fe), and aluminum (Al), which are valuable metals, are prevented from being oxidized in the internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11, and cuprous oxide (Cu ₂ ), which is the main body of copper soot. The effect that O) is reduced can also be expected.

  When the temperature in the internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 is about 450 ° C. or less, the waste plastic is difficult to gasify, and when it is about 600 ° C. or more, it is burned. More preferably, the temperature in the internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 is about 500 to 550 ° C. This is because it is suitable for the gasification of waste plastics and the prevention of oxidation of valuable metals.

  An incombustible material D containing valuable metal such as Cu, Fe, Al, etc., which is not finely divided in the internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and Cu, Fe, Al, etc., which has a low vapor pressure is disposed outside the internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 from the fluidized bed. Discharged and collected.

In addition, the pyrolysis gas E generated in the internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and the copper vapor containing about 100 to 250 micrometers in diameter containing pulverized Cu ₂ O and the high vapor pressure separated from the waste plastics. An incombustible material containing metal is transferred from a discharge port provided in the upper part of the internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 to the downstream swirl melting furnace 21 via a communication passage.

  The slewing melting furnace 21 introduces the pyrolysis gas E or the like so as to slew internally through the slewing inlet, and at the same time supplies air from the outside to adjust the air ratio to about 0.9 to 1.3. 1 The atmosphere of the combustion chamber is made oxidizing and the pyrolysis gas E is combusted. This combustion takes place at a temperature of about 1200 to 1500 ° C. This is because when the combustion temperature is about 1200 ° C. or lower, the fluidity of the molten slag deteriorates, and when it is about 1500 ° C. or higher, the inner wall refractory of the swirl melting furnace 21 may be damaged. A temperature range of about 1300 to 1400 ° C is preferred.

  The combustion temperature in the swirl melting furnace 21 can be adjusted by the supply amount of industrial waste A2, such as waste plastic, sludge B, and the input amount of air. Combustion air introduces a substantially cylindrical swirl melting furnace 21 erected in the vertical direction in a direction tangential to the central axis direction when viewed from above, and accelerates the swirl flow formed inside the swirl melting furnace 21. be able to.

  The pyrolysis gas E burns in the swirl melting furnace 21 to become exhaust gas F, and is discharged from an exhaust gas discharge port provided at an upper portion of the waste liquid decomposition tower 26 erected downstream of the swirl melting furnace 21. Furthermore, Zn and Pb in the incombustible material are oxidized to fly ash H and discharged together with the exhaust gas F from the exhaust gas outlet. A copper slag etc. melts at a high temperature and turns into a slag while coming into contact with the swirling flow, and then falls down due to gravity.

In addition, the copper slag etc. hits the side wall of the swirl melting furnace 21 due to the centrifugal force of the swirl flow while melting at high temperature and slag, and a part of it collides with the side wall and melts and adheres to grow. Others fall to the bottom. The dropped molten slag G is collected at a slag recovery port provided at the bottom of the swirl melting furnace 21 and recovered outside via a slag chute. The recovered molten slag G contains a large amount of Cu ₂ O. Thus, it is possible to recover the quality of high melting slag G of Cu 2 _O from the slag recovery port from a low copper slag-quality of Cu 2 _O.

  Next, the exhaust gas F discharged from the swirl melting furnace 21 comes into contact with the waste liquid L that rises and sprays the waste liquid decomposition tower 26. Furthermore, the exhaust gas F moves to the quenching tower 41 provided downstream of the waste liquid decomposition tower 26 and comes into contact with the sprayed cooling water to cool the exhaust gas F. The quenching tower 41 can cool the exhaust gas F to a temperature at which it can be released into the atmosphere.

  A process of incinerating the waste liquid L in the waste liquid decomposition tower 26 can be combined. The waste liquid produced by smelting contains metal ions and acids, and the waste liquid produced in general sewage remains inorganic, organic, and the like. These are preferably incinerated. By exposing the waste liquid L to a high temperature, organic substances and acids are decomposed, and inorganic substances and metal ions are converted into oxides, which can be recovered by a bag filter 51 provided downstream of the quenching tower 41.

  Further, the cooled exhaust gas F generated in the electric holding furnace 31 as a reduction furnace provided below the swirl melting furnace 21 is burned in a secondary combustion furnace (not shown) to decompose harmful substances, and the quenching tower 41. In the same way with cooling water. The exhaust gas F is rapidly cooled because, when the exhaust gas F is exposed to a temperature range of about 250 to 500 ° C., harmful substances such as dioxin are re-synthesized. This is to prevent the generation of.

  Further, the molten slag G recovered from the swirl melting furnace 21 is put into the electric holding furnace 31, and a graphite electrode is inserted from above. An electric current is passed between the electrodes, and the molten slag G is melted by the resistance heat.

The electric holding furnace 31 can be charged with coke M for reduction. Carbon C, which is a component of coke M, directly reduces Cu ₂ O to produce Cu and CO. Here, examples of the reducing agent include coke M, pulverized coal, LPG, and the like, but coke M is preferable. This is because the input device is simple and easy to operate.

The electric holding furnace 31 preferably has a temperature range of about 1250 to 1400 ° C. This is because the melting point of Cu ₂ O is about 1230 ° C., and the melting point of copper needs to be at least about that of Cu ₂ O at about 1080 ° C. By refining for 0.5 to 1.0 hour, black copper I having a copper quality of about 70 to 80% can be obtained.

  Moreover, since waste slag J is comprised by the homogeneous glassy component by a silica sand which hardly contains a metal, it can be utilized as a cement material to a roadbed etc.

  The activated carbon blowing device 52 provided between the quenching tower 41 and the bag filter 51 blows activated carbon K into the bag filter 51 while the rapidly cooled exhaust gas F is being transferred. The activated carbon K having an average particle diameter of about 10 to 20 micrometers is blown into the exhaust gas path together with air to remove harmful substances.

  The fly ash treatment device 91 connected to the bottoms of the quench tower 41 and the bag filter 51 receives fly ash from the quench tower 41 and the bag filter 51.

Although generation of dioxins and the like is suppressed by high-temperature combustion in the swirl melting furnace 21, it is difficult to always completely suppress it. Therefore, harmful substances can be removed by blowing activated carbon K in the middle of exhaust gas F discharge. In the present embodiment, the exhaust gas F discharged from the quenching tower 41 contains 1 ng / m ³ or less of dioxin, but the activated carbon K is sprayed to reduce the dioxin concentration to about 0.1 ng / m ³ or less. Can do.

  A cleaning tower 61 provided downstream of the bag filter 51 neutralizes SOx, HCl, etc. with an aqueous solution of caustic soda (NaOH), and then transfers the exhaust gas F to a mist cot rel 71 provided further downstream. After the mist and dust in the exhaust gas F are removed, the exhaust gas 81 is discharged to the outside.

  The waste liquid containing the dust recovered by the mist cot rel 71 is again put into the swirl melting furnace 21 or the like for use, or the waste ash received by the fly ash treatment device 91 is put into the waste water treatment device 82 to be neutralized. It can also be discharged after processing. Here, the exhaust gas F is sprayed with a caustic soda solution in the cleaning tower 61 to neutralize SOx and the like and then recovered by the mist cot rel 71 and finally discharged from the exhaust bump 81 into the atmosphere.

  Through the above valuable metal recovery process, the valuable metal can be efficiently recovered.

  Through the above processing steps, valuable metals such as Cu, Zn, Pb, and Al can be recovered.

  FIG. 2 is a partially broken perspective view of the waste gasification and melting apparatus according to the first embodiment of the present invention. The gasification and melting apparatus includes a cylindrical internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 standing in the vertical direction, a cylindrical swirling melting furnace 21 standing in the vertical direction, and an outlet 32 of the internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11. And a swirl inlet 33 of the swirl melting furnace 21, and a communication duct 38 through which the pyrolysis gas E containing high-temperature gas and finely divided char and incombustible components is passed and led to the swirl melting furnace 21.

  The connecting duct 38 is connected to an inclined duct 43 as an inclined region that adjusts a height difference between the discharge port 32 and the turning introduction port 33, and a horizontal duct 40 as a substantially horizontal region provided downstream of the inclined duct 43. Yes. The discharge port 32 in the figure is set at a higher position than the turning introduction port 33. Accordingly, the inclined duct 43 allows the pyrolysis gas E to flow from above and to pass downward.

  A plurality of gas injection nozzles 42 are inserted and arranged in the vicinity of the connecting portion between the inclined duct 43 and the horizontal duct 40 in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the pyrolysis gas E passes. For example, the gas injection nozzles 42 are inserted and arranged in three openings 39 formed in the lower side wall of the inclined duct 43 as the communication duct, respectively, toward the horizontal duct 40 as a substantially horizontal region extending to the inner wall of the communication duct. Inject cleaning gas (compressed air).

As described above, the cleaning gas is, for example, dust deposited on or attached to the bottom, side walls, or top of the horizontal duct 40 by jetting 50 liters of air at a pressure of 3.5 kg / cm ² for 0.5 seconds. Is blown off and guided to the swirl melting furnace 21 together with the pyrolysis gas E.

The plurality of gas injection nozzles 42 are, for example, a plurality (three) of electromagnetic valves (three) so as to inject cleaning gas in the order of the gas injection nozzle at the right end in the drawing, the gas injection nozzle at the middle, and the gas injection nozzle at the left end. A dust cleaning process is performed by opening / closing control (not shown). In this case, each gas injection nozzle 42 injects air for 0.5 second at a pressure of 3.5 kg / cm ² during one cleaning process, and the total amount of air injection by the three gas injection nozzles 42. Is 50 liters.

  In the present embodiment, the order of one cleaning process is the right end part, the middle part, and the left end part. However, as the order of the other cleaning processes, the air is discharged in the order of the left end part, the middle part, and the right end part of the gas injection nozzle 42. It may be sprayed once. After the air injection from the intermediate gas injection nozzle 42, air may be injected once from the gas injection nozzles 42 at the left end and the right end.

  The point is that the compressed air can be jetted in any order as long as the dust accumulated in the horizontal duct 40 is blown away by the cleaning gas blown at regular intervals. The dust to be blown off is a powdery substance having a size of about 150 μm or less, similar to the slag generated in the swirl melting furnace 21.

  The waste gasification and melting apparatus repeats the above cleaning process at intervals of 20 minutes, and blows off dust deposits in the communication duct, whereby the communication duct is blocked once a week in the conventional apparatus. The problem can be solved easily.

  The swirling melting furnace 21 introduces the cleaning gas and the pyrolysis gas E from the swirl inlet 33 into the primary combustion chamber 35 and burns it while forming a swirl flow 34 therein, followed by the tertiary combustion via the secondary combustion chamber 36. In the chamber 37, the exhaust gas F is raised to the waste liquid decomposition tower 26 in the next stage, and copper soot contained in the pyrolysis gas E is melted at a high temperature in the primary combustion chamber 35 to form slag in the swirling flow 34. The molten slag G comes into contact with the molten slag G, falls to the lower part due to gravity, and is collected via the secondary combustion chamber 36 at the slag recovery port 23 provided at the bottom of the tertiary combustion chamber 37. The collected molten slag G is collected outside via a slag chute.

  FIG. 3 is a partially broken perspective view of a waste gasification and melting apparatus according to a second embodiment of the present invention. The gasification and melting apparatus includes a cylindrical internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 standing in the vertical direction, a cylindrical swirling melting furnace 21 standing in the vertical direction, and an outlet 32 of the internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11. And a swirl inlet 33 of the swirl melting furnace 21, and a communication duct 38 through which the pyrolysis gas E containing high-temperature gas and finely divided char and incombustible components is passed and led to the swirl melting furnace 21. In addition, since the structure of the internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and the swirl melting furnace 21 uses the member equivalent to embodiment mentioned above, the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  In the connecting duct 38, an inclined duct 43 is inserted and arranged as an inclined region for adjusting the height difference between the discharge port 32 and the turning introduction port 33. The discharge port 32 in the figure is set at a lower position than the turning introduction port 33. Accordingly, the inclined duct 43 allows the pyrolysis gas E to flow from below and to pass upward.

  A plurality of gas injection nozzles 42 are inserted in the vicinity of the connection outlet of the inclined duct 43 so as to be arranged in a direction perpendicular to the direction in which the pyrolysis gas E passes. For example, the gas injection nozzles 42 are respectively inserted and arranged in a plurality of openings 39 formed in the lower side wall of the communication duct 38, and the cleaning gas (compressed air) is directed toward a substantially horizontal region extending on the inner wall of the communication duct 38. Inject.

As in the above-described embodiment, the cleaning gas, for example, jets 50 liters of air for 0.5 seconds at a pressure of 3.5 kg / cm ² and accumulates on the bottom, side walls, and top of the horizontal duct 40. Or the dust which adhered is blown off and it is guide | induced to the turning melting furnace 21 with the pyrolysis gas E. FIG.

The plurality of gas injection nozzles 42 are, for example, a plurality (three) of the cleaning gas to be injected in the order from the gas injection nozzle at the right end in the drawing to the intermediate gas injection nozzle and the gas injection nozzle at the left end (not shown). A dust cleaning process is performed by opening / closing control of an electromagnetic valve (not shown). In this case, each gas injection nozzle 42 injects air for 0.5 second at a pressure of 3.5 kg / cm ² during one cleaning process, and the total amount of air injection by the three gas injection nozzles 42. Is 50 liters.

  Also in this embodiment, the order of one cleaning process may be the right end, the middle, and the left end. You may inject air once in order of the gas injection nozzle 42 of a left end part, a middle, and a right end part. Further, after the air injection from the intermediate gas injection nozzle 42, the air may be simultaneously injected once from the gas injection nozzles 42 at the left end and the right end.

  The point is that the compressed air can be jetted in any order as long as dust accumulated in the horizontal duct 40 is blown away by a cleaning gas that is blown at regular intervals. The dust to be blown off is a powdery substance having a size of about 150 μm or less, similar to the slag generated in the swirl melting furnace 21.

  The waste gasification and melting apparatus repeats the above cleaning process at intervals of 20 minutes, and blows off dust deposits in the communication duct, whereby the communication duct is blocked once a week in the conventional apparatus. The problem can be solved easily.

  FIG. 4 is a partially broken perspective view of a waste gasification and melting apparatus according to a third embodiment of the present invention. The gasification and melting apparatus includes a cylindrical internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 standing in the vertical direction, a cylindrical swirling melting furnace 21 standing in the vertical direction, and an outlet 32 of the internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11. And a swirl inlet 33 of the swirl melting furnace 21, and a communication duct 38 through which the pyrolysis gas E containing high-temperature gas and finely divided char and incombustible components is passed and led to the swirl melting furnace 21. In addition, since the structure of the internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 and the swirl melting furnace 21 uses the member equivalent to embodiment mentioned above, the overlapping description is abbreviate | omitted.

  The communication duct 38 is means for connecting the discharge port 32 and the swirl introduction port 33 in a substantially horizontal direction and guiding the pyrolysis gas E exhausted from the internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace 11 to the swirl melting furnace 21.

  A plurality of gas injection nozzles 42 are inserted and arranged in a substantially central portion of the longitudinal side wall of the communication duct 38 so as to be arranged in parallel at an angle with respect to the direction in which the pyrolysis gas E passes. For example, gas injection nozzles 42 are respectively inserted and arranged in three openings 39 formed obliquely in the bottom side wall of the communication duct 38, and a cleaning gas (compressed air) is provided in the vicinity of a substantially horizontal region extending to the inner wall of the communication duct 38. ). In the present embodiment, the cleaning gas is jetted toward the swirl inlet 33 of the swirl melting furnace 21 with an angle.

As in the above-described embodiment, the cleaning gas, for example, injects 50 liters of air for 0.5 seconds at a pressure of 3.5 kg / cm ² , and the swirl inlet 33 from approximately the center of the communication duct 40. The dust deposited or adhered to the inner wall over the range up to is blown off and guided to the swirl melting furnace 21 together with the pyrolysis gas E.

The plurality of gas injection nozzles 42 are, for example, a plurality (three) of electromagnetic valves (three) so as to inject cleaning gas in the order of the gas injection nozzle at the right end in the drawing, the gas injection nozzle at the middle, and the gas injection nozzle at the left end. A dust cleaning process is performed by opening / closing control (not shown). In this case, each gas injection nozzle 42 injects air for 0.5 second at a pressure of 3.5 kg / cm ² during one cleaning process, and the total amount of air injection by the three gas injection nozzles 42. Is 50 liters.

  Also in this embodiment, the order of one cleaning process may be the right end, the middle, and the left end. You may inject air once in order of the gas injection nozzle 42 of a left end part, a middle, and a right end part. Further, after the air injection from the intermediate gas injection nozzle 42, the air may be simultaneously injected once from the gas injection nozzles 42 at the left end and the right end.

  The point is that the compressed air can be jetted in any order as long as the dust accumulated in the horizontal duct 40 is blown away by the cleaning gas blown at regular intervals. The dust to be blown off is a powdery substance having a size of about 150 μm or less, similar to the slag generated in the swirl melting furnace 21.

  The waste gasification and melting apparatus repeats the above cleaning process at intervals of 20 minutes, and blows off dust deposits in the communication duct, whereby the communication duct is blocked once a week in the conventional apparatus. The problem can be solved easily.

  Note that the waste gasification and melting apparatus of the present invention is not limited to the illustrated examples described above, and it is needless to say that various modifications can be made without departing from the scope of the present invention.

1 is a schematic system diagram of a waste gasification and melting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. 1 is a partially broken perspective view of a waste gasification and melting apparatus according to a first embodiment of the present invention. It is a partially broken perspective view of the waste gasification melting apparatus which is the 2nd embodiment of the present invention. It is a partially broken perspective view of the waste gasification melting apparatus which is the 3rd Embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

  DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 11 ... Internal circulation fluidized bed gasification furnace, 21 ... Swirling melting furnace, 23 ... Slag collection port, 27 ... Air blower, 28 ... Electromagnetic valve, 29 ... Gas tank, 30 ... Electromagnetic valve, 32 ... Discharge port, 33 ... Swirling introduction 34, swirl flow, 35 ... primary combustion chamber, 36 ... secondary combustion chamber, 37 ... tertiary combustion chamber, 38 ... communication duct, 39 ... opening, 40 ... horizontal duct, 42 ... gas injection nozzle, 43 ... Inclined duct.

Claims (5)

Waste material substantially containing copper slag is introduced, fluidized air having a large mass velocity and fluidized air having a small mass velocity are blown from the bottom to form a circulating flow of a fluid medium, and a part of the waste material is flowed. An internal circulating fluidized bed gasification furnace for pyrolyzing and gasifying high-temperature gas and finely divided char and incombustible components in the circulating flow of the medium;
A swirl melting furnace that introduces the high-temperature gas, finely divided char and incombustible components from a swirl inlet to form a swirl flow in the primary combustion chamber, and slag is slag to generate molten slag;
An electric holding furnace for obtaining black copper by melting the molten slag discharged from the rotating melting furnace in a reducing atmosphere;
A communication duct that connects the discharge port and the swirl introduction port and guides the high-temperature gas, finely divided char and non-combustible components to the swirl melting furnace;
A gas injection nozzle that is inserted into an opening formed in a side wall of the communication duct and injects a cleaning gas toward a substantially horizontal region extending on the inner wall of the communication duct;
A waste gasification and melting apparatus comprising:   2. The waste according to claim 1, further comprising a gas supply valve that is inserted between a gas tank that compresses and stores the cleaning gas and the gas injection nozzle, and that intermittently supplies the cleaning gas to the gas injection nozzle. Gasification and melting equipment.   The connecting duct is provided with an inclined region that adjusts the height difference between the discharge port and the swirl introduction port, and the gas injection nozzle is arranged in the inclined region toward a substantially horizontal region that extends to the inner wall of the connecting duct. The waste gasification and melting apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein a cleaning gas is injected.   The waste gasification and melting apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the gas injection nozzles are disposed at least at three locations toward the swirl introduction port. The cleaning process of jetting the cleaning gas from the gas jet nozzle at a pressure of about 2 to 5 kg / cm ² for 0.1 to 1 second is controlled to be repeated at intervals of 15 to 60 minutes. The waste gasification and melting apparatus according to claim 4.

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