JP2008187855A - Output circuit for distributed power supply generator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide an output circuit for a distributed power supply generator that achieves a price reduction of a distributed power supply generator without using an expensive converter while reducing standby electricity and electric loss when converting a DC output voltage into an arbitrary DC voltage. <P>SOLUTION: The output circuit for a distributed power supply generator rectifies a plurality of AC outputs of a permanent magnet generator by individual commutators so as to output each AC output to the outside while adding DC output of each individual commutator to each AC output. The permanent-magnet generator is composed of a plurality of windings that generate different induced-voltage actual values by being driven by a windmill or a waterwheel. Each individual transformer is respectively connected between each of the plurality of windings and each individual commutator. Each voltage of the plurality of windings is converted into an arbitrary voltage so as to output it to the outside while adding the DC output of each individual commutator to the arbitrary voltage. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an output circuit of a power generator for a distributed power source that extracts an approximate maximum output obtained from wind or water, regardless of wind speed or flow velocity, from a permanent magnet generator driven by a wind turbine or water turbine. The present invention relates to an output circuit of a power generator for a distributed power source that performs constant voltage charging without using a PWM converter from a magnet generator.

  In order to obtain an approximate maximum output from a permanent magnet generator connected to a windmill or a water turbine without using a PWM converter, the present applicant firstly uses a different permanent magnet generator. Proposing a distributed power generator that connects rectifiers in series via each reactor to the AC output terminals of multiple windings that generate induced voltage, and outputs the rectifier's DC output in parallel. (For example, refer to Patent Document 1).

The prior application technique will be described in detail with reference to a main circuit connection diagram showing a power generator for a distributed power source connected to the wind turbine of FIG.
In FIG. 6, 1 is a windmill, 2 is a power generator for distributed power supply of the prior application, 3 is a permanent magnet generator, 4, 5 are first and second reactors, and 8 and 9 are first and second reactors. A rectifier, 10 is a battery, and 11 is a load.
FIG. 6 shows a case where the permanent magnet generator 3 has two types of windings and each winding has three phases.

In FIG. 6, since the number of turns of the permanent magnet generator 3 is small, the AC output terminal W <b> 1 of the first winding having a low induced voltage effective value is connected to the first reactor 4, and further to the first rectifier 8. Connected.
The AC output terminal W2 of the second winding having a large number of turns is connected to the second reactor 5 and further connected to the second rectifier 9.
The direct current sides of the first and second rectifiers 8 and 9 are connected in parallel, and the total output of each winding is charged in the battery 10.

A method of obtaining a rough maximum wind turbine output from the power generator 2 for a distributed power source configured as described above will be described below.
FIG. 3 is a diagram for explaining the outline of the wind turbine rotation speed versus the wind turbine output characteristic when the wind speed is used as a parameter.
When the shape of the windmill and the wind speed U are determined, the windmill output P with respect to the windmill rotation speed N is uniquely determined. For example, the wind turbine output P with respect to the wind speeds Ux and Uy is shown as in FIG. And the peak of the windmill output P with respect to various wind speeds becomes like the maximum output curve Pt shown in FIG.
That is, when the wind speed is Ux in the characteristics of the wind turbine rotational speed versus the wind turbine output in FIG. 3, the wind turbine maximum output is obtained at the wind turbine rotational speed Nx as indicated by the intersection Sx of the wind turbine output curve of the wind speed Ux and the maximum output curve. Px.
When the wind speed is Uy, the windmill maximum output Py at the wind speed Uy is obtained at the windmill rotational speed Ny.

  That is, when the way of viewing the maximum output curve in FIG. 3 is changed, in order to obtain the maximum output from the wind, when the wind turbine rotation speed N is determined, the output P of the permanent magnet generator 3 at that time is uniquely determined as the maximum output. This indicates that the value may be determined on the curve Pt.

  FIG. 4 is an explanatory diagram in the case where the DC output of the distributed power generator 2 targeted by the prior application technology is connected to a constant voltage source such as a battery, and the permanent magnet generator 3 of the distributed power generator 2. The output of the first and second windings of FIG. 4 depends on the difference in the effective value of the induced voltage of each winding and the voltage drop due to the internal inductance of each winding and the reactor connected to each output terminal. P1 and P2 shown in the output characteristics are obtained.

That is, when the wind turbine rotational speed N is low, the voltage generated in the first and second windings in the permanent magnet generator 3 is lower than the battery voltage Vb, so the battery 10 is not charged.
However, when the wind turbine rotational speed N rises and becomes near N2, the current starts to flow through the second winding, and the current increases as the wind turbine rotational speed N increases, and the output from the second winding is P2. become.
At this time, even if the wind turbine rotation speed N increases and the induced voltage increases, the battery voltage is substantially constant, but the inductance of the second winding and the impedance of the second reactor 5 are proportional to the frequency. At the same time, the output P2 only increases gradually.
With respect to the first winding, output begins to be obtained as the rotational speed N further increases, and a large output can be obtained because the internal inductance of the first winding and the first reactor 4 are small.

FIG. 5 is a diagram showing an output to a constant voltage source such as a battery of the distributed power generation device targeted by the prior application.
The total output obtained by adding the outputs P1 and P2 of the first and second windings in the permanent magnet generator 3 is an approximate output curve Ps.
JP 2004-64928 (FIG. 1)

  In the distributed power generator 2 as described above, when the DC voltage on the load side is consumed at a DC voltage higher or lower than the DC voltage charged at a constant voltage by the distributed power generator 2, conventionally, As shown in FIG. 2, a converter 12 such as a DC / DC converter is connected to perform conversion into a DC voltage of a consumed load. However, by connecting the DC / DC converter, a loss due to standby power of the control circuit inside the DC / DC converter occurs. In addition, there is a problem that the price of the power generator for the distributed power source increases by using the converter 12 such as an expensive DC / DC converter.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances. The main object of the present invention is to provide standby power and power when converting a DC output voltage to an arbitrary DC voltage in an output circuit of a power generator for a distributed power supply. An object of the present invention is to provide an output circuit for a power generator for a distributed power source that can reduce the electric loss and reduce the price of the power generator for the distributed power source without using an expensive converter.

  Therefore, in the present invention, a plurality of AC outputs of a permanent magnet type generator configured by a plurality of windings driven by a wind turbine or a water turbine to generate different induced voltage effective values are rectified by individual rectifiers, In the output circuit of the power generator for a distributed power source that adds the DC outputs of the individual rectifiers and outputs them to the outside, an individual transformer is connected between the plurality of windings and the individual rectifiers, and the plurality of windings Is converted into an arbitrary voltage, and the DC outputs of the individual rectifiers are added and output to the outside.

  Provided an output circuit for a distributed power generator that can reduce standby power and electrical loss, increase output, and reduce the price of the distributed power generator for DC voltage conversion of the distributed power generator can do. In addition, the DC voltage of the distributed power generator can be converted into an arbitrary voltage without changing the design of the permanent magnet generator and the reactor, and the versatility of the distributed power generator can be improved.

  Multiple AC outputs of a permanent magnet generator composed of multiple windings that generate different induced voltage effective values are rectified by individual rectifiers through individual reactors, and the DC outputs of the individual rectifiers are added. In the output circuit of the distributed power generator that outputs to the outside, an individual transformer is connected between the individual reactor and the individual rectifier, and the voltages of the plurality of windings are converted into arbitrary voltages, The DC outputs of the individual rectifiers are added and output to the outside.

FIG. 1 is a diagram for explaining an output circuit of a power generator for a distributed power source that obtains a DC output from a wind turbine or a water turbine according to the present invention.
In the figure, reference numeral 20 denotes a power generator for a distributed power source according to the present invention, reference numerals 6 and 7 denote first and second transformers, and the same reference numerals as those in FIG.
Hereinafter, FIG. 1 will be described.

The second reactor 5 and the second transformer 7 are connected to the AC output terminal W2 of the second winding having a large number of turns, and further the second rectifier 9 is connected in series. The first reactor 4 and the first transformer 6 are connected to the AC output terminal W1 of the first winding with a small number of turns, and further the first rectifier 8 is connected in series. The battery 10 is charged with the total DC output of the first rectifier 8 and the second rectifier 9.
Here, the first and second transformers 6 and 7 are constituted by insulating transformers in order to eliminate the influence between the first and second windings.

Here, the first transformer 6 connected to the first winding and the second transformer 7 connected to the second winding are matched with a DC output voltage of a battery or the like to be charged after rectification. Designed to.
That is, for example, in a state where the first and second transformers 6 and 7 are not provided, if the distributed power generator 2 is designed to be charged to the battery voltage 12V, in order to charge the battery voltage 24V, If the transformation ratio of the first and second transformers 6 and 7 is 1: 2, an approximate maximum output can be obtained from the wind turbine as well.
Furthermore, since the output voltage of the permanent magnet generator is proportional to the rotational speed, the magnetic flux of the transformer is not saturated even when the input frequency of the transformer is small. Therefore, a small transformer can be used.

  According to the output circuit of the power generator for a distributed power source of the present invention, it is possible to take out a rough maximum output obtained from the wind regardless of the wind speed and to output an arbitrary DC voltage to the load side. .

  In addition, the DC voltage can be changed by simply connecting an inexpensive transformer without changing the design of the permanent magnet generator and reactor. Can provide.

  Further, since an expensive conversion device such as a DC / DC converter is not connected, the price of the distributed power generation device can be reduced. In addition, standby power for the control circuit inside the converter is not required, and electrical loss can be reduced and annual output can be increased.

The above has been described with reference to wind power. However, for example, if the shape of a water turbine is determined like hydraulic power, the present invention can also be applied to applications in which the rotational speed versus output characteristics when the maximum output is taken out are uniquely determined.
In the above description, the description has been made with three phases, but the present invention can also be applied to a single phase and other numbers of phases.

  Further, in the embodiment, it has been described that the first reactor 4 is connected to the AC output terminal W1 of the first winding. However, the permanent magnet generator is configured so that the required inductance value of the first reactor 4 is reduced. 3 can be designed and the first reactor 4 can be deleted. Moreover, although the case where there are two types of the plurality of windings that generate different induced voltage effective values has been described, the present invention can also be applied to the case where there are three or more types of windings.

It is a figure for demonstrating the output circuit of the generator apparatus for distributed power supplies driven by a windmill of this invention. It is a connection diagram for demonstrating the system which performs the DC voltage conversion of the conventional generator device for distributed power supplies. It is a figure explaining the outline | summary of a windmill rotation speed versus windmill output characteristic when a wind speed is made into a parameter. It is a figure for demonstrating the output of each coil | winding of the power generator for distributed power supplies which a prior application makes object. It is a figure for demonstrating the output to constant voltage sources, such as a battery, of the generator device for distributed power supplies which a prior application makes object. It is a main circuit diagram of the power generator for distributed power supplies of a prior application.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Windmill 2 Distributed power generator 3 Permanent magnet generator 4 1st reactor 5 2nd reactor 6 1st transformer 7 2nd transformer 8 1st rectifier 9 2nd rectifier 10 Battery 11 Load 12 Converter 20 Power generator for distributed power supply

Claims (1)

An individual rectifier is connected to an AC output terminal of a plurality of windings of a permanent magnet generator configured by a plurality of windings driven by a windmill or a water turbine to generate different induced voltage effective values, and the individual rectifiers In the output circuit of the power generator for a distributed power source that adds the DC outputs of the outputs in parallel and outputs them to the outside, an individual reactor is connected in series to each AC output terminal of the plurality of windings, and the individual reactors are connected in series. An output of a power generator for a distributed power source, wherein an individual transformer is connected, an individual rectifier is connected in series to the individual transformer, and a direct current output of the individual rectifier is added and output to the outside circuit.

Images