JP2008182945A - Grain-unloading system - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enable grain to fill a grain container so as to reduce the empty space by automatically moving the grain-unloading position of a grain-unloading auger to effectively utilize the volume of the grain container and to heighten the transportation efficiency of the grain. <P>SOLUTION: The grain-unloading system is constituted as follows. Cameras taking pictures of the interiors of the grain containers 8 at both the sides of a trolley are installed. A grain-unloading opening 3 of the grain-unloading auger at the combine harvester side is constituted so as to be moved and controlled from the analytic result of the image taken by the camera. The accumulated state of the grain is detected from the change of the occupation rate of a specific color or rates of light and shade in each split picture A to I of the taken picture. The grain-unloading opening 3 of the grain-unloading auger is moved and controlled so as to conceal the inner wall part of the grain container 8 in each of the split pictures A to I. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a grain discharge system that discharges grains from a grain tank on the combine side to a grain container on the transport vehicle side.

  The combine harvester harvests threshing while running in the field, temporarily stores the threshed grain in a Glen tank on the aircraft, and continues the harvesting operation, and harvests when the Glen tank is full The operation is interrupted, the truck moves to a truck stopped on the road near the farm, and the grain in the glen tank is discharged to the grain container on the transport vehicle side. And this conveyance vehicle is made to drive | work and it conveys to a grain drying facility.

  The transfer of the grain from the grain tank of the combine to the grain container on the side of the transport vehicle is accomplished by extending the grain discharge auger provided on the combine body to the grain container, and transferring the grain in the grain tank to the grain container. It discharges from the tip of the discharge auger and fills the grain container.

And in this grain transfer work, the operator who boarded the combine performs the movement and drive operation of the grain discharge auger, but because the combine and the grain container are separated, the grain into the grain container It is difficult to check the amount of accumulation. For this purpose, an ultrasonic sensor is provided at the tip of the grain discharge auger, and this ultrasonic sensor detects the accumulation state of the grain so that the grain discharge auger is stopped, swung, and other operations are performed. This invention is described in Patent Document 1.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 61-60529

  When the grain is discharged from the tip of the grain discharge auger to a certain position in the grain container, this grain accumulates in a conical shape and a gap is generated in the vicinity of the peripheral wall of the grain container. The volume cannot be fully utilized. For that purpose, the worker can move the grain discharge auger to the left and right or extend and adjust the tip position of the grain discharge auger on the grain container so that the volume of the grain container can be fully utilized, Since the movement control of the grain discharge auger is performed from the combine side away from the grain container, an accurate operation is difficult. Moreover, the conventional technique which provided the ultrasonic sensor in the front-end | tip of the said grain discharge auger cannot detect the accumulation state of a grain correctly.

  Therefore, in the present invention, after manually moving the grain discharge auger onto the grain container, the position of the grain outlet of the grain discharge auger is automatically adjusted on the grain container, It is a problem to make it possible to effectively use the volume of the grain container by depositing the grain so that there are no voids in the container.

The above object of the present invention is achieved by the following configuration.
That is, in the invention described in claim 1, the grain container (8) on the transport vehicle side is provided with a camera (1) capable of photographing the inside of the grain container (8) and photographed by the camera (1). Based on the analysis result of an image, it was set as the grain discharge system characterized by having comprised so that the grain discharge port (3) of the grain discharge auger (6) of the combine side could be moved.

  With this configuration, by analyzing the image taken by the camera 1, the accumulation state of the grains discharged into the grain container 8 from the grain outlet 3 of the grain discharge auger 6 is detected, and the inside of the grain container 8 Thus, the grain outlet 3 automatically moves so that the grain is deposited with a small gap.

  According to the second aspect of the present invention, the screen shot by the camera (1) is divided into a plurality of parts, and based on the change in the occupation ratio of specific colors or the ratio of light and dark in each divided screen (A to I) The grain discharging system according to claim 1, wherein the grain discharging system is configured to detect a grain accumulation state.

By this determination method, the accumulation state of the grains in the grain container 8 can be accurately detected.
In invention of Claim 3, in order to hide the inner wall part of the grain container (8) in each division | segmentation screen (AI) with a grain, the grain discharge port (3) of a grain discharge auger (6) is moved. It was comprised so that it might control, It was set as the grain discharge system of Claim 1 characterized by the above-mentioned.

  With this configuration, the grain discharge auger 6 is automatically moved based on the image taken by the camera 1, and the grain container 8 is filled with the grain.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the grain discharging operation from the grain discharging auger 6 to the grain container 8 can be easily performed by analyzing the image taken by the camera 1, and the grain container By effectively using the volume of 8, the harvesting operation by the combine and the grain conveying operation by the conveying vehicle can be efficiently performed.

  According to the invention of claim 2, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, it is possible to accurately detect the accumulation state of each part of the grain in the grain container 8, and the volume of the grain container 8 is more effective. Therefore, the harvesting operation by the combine and the grain transportation operation by the transportation vehicle can be efficiently performed.

  According to the invention of claim 3, in addition to the effect of the invention of claim 1, the grain outlet 3 of the grain outlet auger 6 is moved so that the inner wall portion of the grain container 8 is hidden by the grain. By this, the space | gap without a grain narrows in the grain container 8, and it can utilize the volume of the grain container 8 more effectively, and can perform the harvesting operation | work by a combine and the grain conveyance operation | work by a conveyance vehicle efficiently. .

A grain discharging system embodying the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
The entire combine is configured as shown in FIG. 1, and a cutting device 12 is provided in front of the airframe 10 having the crawler travel device 11. The cereals harvested by the reaping device 12 are transported upward by the feeding and transporting device 13 and taken over by the threshing and threshing transporting device 14. 10 is cut finely by a cutter 16 provided at the rearmost portion and released to the field.

  Above the machine body 10, a grain tank 5 for temporarily storing the grains threshed and sorted by the threshing device 15 on the right side of the threshing device 15, and an operator boarded in the front of the grain tank 5. The steering operation unit 17 is configured to execute various operations such as steering the combine.

  A milling cylinder 18 is erected on the rear side of the grain tank 5, and a grain discharge auger 6 is connected to the upper end of the milling cylinder 18 so as to be rotatable up and down. When the grain storage amount in the grain tank 5 is full, the grain is discharged from the grain discharge auger 6 to the outside of the grain tank 5 through the whipped cylinder 18. The whipping cylinder 18 is configured to be turnable by an electric motor (not shown), and the grain discharge auger 6 is configured to be movable up and down by a hydraulic cylinder 7. The grain discharge auger 6 has an internal conveyance spiral and an outer cylinder that can be expanded and contracted, and can be expanded and contracted by a hydraulic cylinder (not shown). Further, a discharge cylinder 2 having a grain discharge port 3 formed orthogonal to the tip of the grain discharge auger 6 is provided, and the discharge cylinder 2 is connected to the outer cylinder of the grain discharge auger 6 with an internal conveying spiral. An electric motor 4 is attached around the same axis as that of the shaft.

  The grain discharge auger 6 rotates together with the grain discharge auger 6 when the milled cylinder 18 rotates about the same axis as the axis of the internal conveying spiral. Further, the grain discharge auger 6 rotates up and down with respect to the whipping cylinder 18, and the grain discharge auger 6 itself expands and contracts within a certain range, and the grain container in which the position of the discharge cylinder 2 is mounted on a truck or the like. 8 is configured to be able to be aligned upward.

  When the harvester configured as described above is moved forward and harvested, the culm harvested by the reaper 12 is transported rearward and upward by the supply transport device 13 and transferred to the threshing and threshing transport device 14. The cereals inherited by the cereal threshing and conveying device 14 are supplied to the threshing unit 15 at the tip side and threshed and sorted, and the threshed cereals are finely cut by the cutter 16 and released to the field.

  The grain threshed by the threshing device 15 is sent into the glen tank 5 and stored. When the stored grains increase, the full sensor detects this and a buzzer sounds. Then, the worker who knows that the Glen tank 5 is full interrupts the cutting operation, brings the combine close to the truck (conveying vehicle) stopped on the road, and the grain discharge port 3 of the grain discharge auger 6. The grain is discharged from the container and transferred to the grain container 8 on the truck. On the side wall of the grain container 8, a camera 1 (see FIG. 2) capable of photographing the tip of the grain discharge auger 6 and the inside of the grain container 8 including its side frame is attached.

  The operation of moving the discharge cylinder 2 of the grain discharge auger 6 onto the grain container 8 is performed by manually operating the switches, but the grain discharge port 3 of the discharge cylinder 2 is moved to the approximate center of the grain container 8. When the grain is started to be released after being positioned, the following automatic control is performed in order to store the grain uniformly in the whole grain container 8 without a gap.

First, input of signals from a sensor or the like for automatic control and output of control signals will be described with reference to a control block diagram of FIG.
First, an image (image) of the inside of the grain container 8 taken together with the discharge port 3 by the camera 1 is sent wirelessly to the image receiver 43 installed on the combine machine 10 side by the image transmitter 42 and displayed on the monitor 20. Analysis is performed by the analysis controller 21. The image is as shown in FIG. 4, and the grain being discharged is projected together with the discharge cylinder 2, and at least the grains accumulated in the discharge cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the grain container 8 by the color of the color image and the brightness of the black and white image Is identified. For example, the discharge cylinder 2 is white and the inner wall of the grain container 8 is made red so that the identification becomes easy.

  The video is divided into nine divided screens A to I by, for example, virtual lines 44 and 45, and an analysis is made as to what is shown in each of the divided screens A to I. For example, in the split screen in which the discharge cylinder 2 is shown, the white ratio (white occupation ratio in the split screen) is large, and in the split video in which the inner wall of the grain container 8 is shown in the red ratio (red in the split screen). Occupancy ratio) increases. When the grain is discharged from the discharge cylinder 2 and the inner wall of the grain container 8 is covered with the grain, the red color disappears and the grain is covered with the ocher color. Such information of each divided video is sent from the image analysis controller 21 to the central processing unit 41. It should be noted that the upper and lower virtual lines 45 are divided so that the distance between them becomes as narrow as possible, and as close as possible to the actual distance.

  In addition, to the digital signal processing unit 38 of the central processing unit 41, grain discharge information is input as an on / off signal from the discharge clutch sensor 22, and the discharge switch 23, the auger automatic extension switch 24, and the auger automatic storage switch 25, an auger up / down switch 26, an auger left / right turning switch 27, an auger telescopic switch 28, a left / right swing switch 29 of the discharge cylinder 2, and an auger upper limit switch 30 are inputted.

In addition, position information is input to the analog signal processing unit 40 of the central processing unit 41 from the auger turning position sensor 31 and the rotation position sensor 32 of the discharge cylinder 2.
The auger output processing unit 39 of the central processing unit 41 outputs a discharge clutch on / off signal 33, an auger lifting / lowering signal 34, an auger left / right turning signal 35, an auger expansion / contraction output signal 36, and a left / right rotation output signal 37.

Next, the automatic control state of turning and expansion / contraction of the grain discharge auger 6 and left / right rotation of the discharge cylinder 2 will be described with reference to the flowchart of FIG.
At step S1, the grain discharge is started, and at step S2, the image is divided into, for example, nine. At step S3, the division screen A at the front center of the grain container 8 is taken out. At step S4, the inner wall surface of the grain container 8 is removed. The ratio of the color such as red to the entire screen (red occupation ratio) is determined, and if the ratio of red becomes 10% or less, the discharge cylinder 2 is moved above another divided screen such as the divided screen D in step S5. Grain discharge is continued, and in step S6, the ratio of the color red of the inner wall surface of the grain container 8 in the divided screen D to the entire screen is determined, and if the ratio of red becomes 10% or less, the other in step S7 The release cylinder 2 is moved above the divided image, for example, the image B, and the grain discharge is continued. If the red portion is finally lost on the divided screen in step S8, the grain discharge in step S9 is stopped and terminated. That is, if there is something with a red color on the inner wall of the grain container 8 on the split screen, the discharge cylinder 2 is moved to eject the grain at that position, and if the red image disappears, the grain ejection is stopped. To do.

When the transfer of the grain from the grain tank 5 to the grain container 8 is completed as described above, the combine is returned to the cutting operation position in the field and the harvesting operation is continued.
The water washing apparatus of the threshing apparatus 15 is demonstrated with FIG. 6 and FIG.

  The threshing device 15 cleans the interior every time the harvest is changed so that the harvested grains do not mix due to differences in the types of rice and wheat or varieties. In addition, if the same harvest is used for a long time, swarf accumulates inside, so it must be cleaned.

  For this purpose, a water tank 50 is provided on the upper side of the threshing device 15, and a nozzle 56 for spraying toward the handling drum 61 of the threshing device 15 and a nozzle 57 for spraying on the swing shelf 60 of the threshing device 15 are provided. The pump 54 and the nozzles 56 and 57 on the water tank 50 are piped by hoses 51, 52 and 53 that pass outside the threshing device 15.

  The nozzle 56 of the handling cylinder 61 injects in the direction opposite to the rotation direction K of the handling cylinder 59 on the opposite side of the grain supply port in order to drop the swarf entangled with the handling teeth, and the motor 58 controls the injection angle. 59 is swung over the entire surface.

The nozzle 57 of the swing shelf 60 is configured to swing the spray angle to the entire surface of the swing shelf 60 by the motor 59 below the nozzle 56.
The hoses 51, 52, and 53 are provided with a switching valve 55 in the middle so that the direction in which water is fed to both or one of the two nozzles 56 and 57 can be changed.

  In addition, although the water washing of the threshing device 15 is normally performed at the end of the harvesting operation, when the harvesting operation is continued, the state in which the threshing device 15 is driven, that is, the threshing switch is on, and the harvesting of the cereal husk is interrupted What is necessary is just to make it inject | pour water by a sudden turning state, ie, a turning switch, being ON.

A partial improvement structure of the threshing device 15 will be described with reference to FIGS.
In the handling room 64 of the threshing device 15, the grain is threshed by handling the tip side of the cereal by the rotation of the handling cylinder 61. In order to process the waste, a dust removal processing chamber 66 is provided on the rear side of the handling cylinder 64. The dust removal processing chamber 66 is configured as follows.

  A dust removal treatment shaft 62 provided with dust removal treatment teeth is installed in a cylindrical dust removal treatment cylinder 65 for receiving the waste dust laterally fed from the rear part of the handling chamber 64, and the waste dust is removed while being forwarded. The grain is separated and the processed product is dropped on the swing shelf 60, and the receiving net 63 is moved from the horizontal to the upper side of the dust disposal chamber 66 at a position where the waste is received from the handling chamber 64 on the start end side. It is provided so that fine swarf can be discharged outside the room to work effectively.

  In the embodiment of FIG. 9, the receiving net 63 is fixedly attached to the dust removal processing cylinder 65, but the receiving net 63 may be removed upward as shown in FIG. Furthermore, as shown in FIG. 11, a suction cylinder 67 provided with a suction fan 68 may be provided outside the receiving net 63.

Side view showing the entire combine of the embodiment of the present invention The perspective view of a part which shows the use condition of this invention Example Control block diagram Illustration of camera video Control flow chart Combine whole side view explaining another part Combine front whole sectional view explaining another part A partial cross-sectional view of the combine for explaining another part Front sectional view of the combine to explain the other part Partially enlarged plan view of a combine for explaining another embodiment Front sectional view of a combine for explaining another embodiment

Explanation of symbols

1 Camera 2 Release tube 3 Kernel outlet 8 Kernel container 6 Kernel outlet auger A to I Split screen

Claims (3)

The grain container (8) on the transport vehicle side is provided with a camera (1) capable of photographing the inside of the grain container (8), and based on the analysis result of the image photographed by the camera (1), the combine side A grain discharge system characterized in that the grain discharge port (3) of the grain discharge auger (6) can be moved and controlled. The screen shot by the camera (1) is divided into a plurality of screens, and the grain accumulation state can be detected based on the change in the ratio of occupation of specific colors or the ratio of light and darkness in each of the divided screens (A to I). The grain discharging system according to claim 1, wherein the system is configured as described above. In order to conceal the inner wall portion of the grain container (8) in each divided screen (A to I) by the grain, it is configured to control the movement of the grain outlet (3) of the grain outlet auger (6). The grain discharge system according to claim 1, wherein

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