JP2008160944A - Electromagnetic actuator - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To improve magnetic efficiency by using magnetic flux unused due to magnetic saturation in a conventional system. <P>SOLUTION: An electromagnetic actuator comprises an electromagnetic block 1 where a coil 11 is wound on a core 10 equipped with a plurality of magnetic poles 11, and a moving member 2 which faces the electromagnetic block via a magnetic gap and also is driven to reciprocate by applying AC to the coil. A magnetic conductor of a mover comprising a permanent magnet and the magnetic conductor is equipped with projected pieces 23 which project to the side of the magnetic pole of the electromagnetic block in both ends in the direction of reciprocation of the permanent mover. One of the projected pieces 23 is arranged to form a closed circuit between itself and the electromagnetic block at both ends of the reciprocating stroke of the above mover and the other is arranged not to form a closed circuit. Magnetic flux flow is increased with the projected piece and the projected piece may not increase magnetoresistance. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an electromagnetic actuator, and more particularly to a vibration type electromagnetic actuator that causes a mover to reciprocate.

  As an electromagnetic actuator used for a reciprocating electric razor driving means, there is one shown in FIG. This is an electromagnetic block 1 in which a coil 12 is wound around a central magnetic pole 11 of an E-shaped core 10 having three magnetic poles 11 so that the central magnetic pole 11 and both end magnetic poles 11 and 11 can be magnetized to different polarities. The mover 2 is reciprocally driven by the electromagnetic block 11, and the mover 2 is composed of a permanent magnet 21 facing the magnetic poles 11 and a conductor 22 as a back yoke. It is supported so that it can reciprocate in the left-right direction. And the permanent magnet 21 in the needle | mover 2 has a pole which is different in right and left which is a reciprocation direction. The distance between the centers of both poles is the distance from the center between the central magnetic pole 11 in the core 10 and the left magnetic pole 11 in the figure to the center between the central magnetic pole 11 and the right magnetic pole 11 in the figure. Is almost matched.

  In the figure, reference numeral 3 denotes a spring responsible for returning the movable element 2 and making the movable element 2 a spring vibration system. A pair of springs 3 and 3 are arranged at both ends of the movable element 2 so that the movable element 2 is in the opposite direction. Is energized.

  In this electromagnetic actuator, if a current in one direction is passed through the coil 12 of the electromagnetic block 1, the mover 2 is driven in one direction as shown in FIG. 15 (a), and is movable when a current in the other direction is passed through the coil 12. The child 2 is driven in the other direction as shown in FIG. 15B, and if no current is supplied to the coil 12, the movable member 2 returns to the center position. Therefore, if a rectangular wave-like alternating current is passed through the coil 12, the mover 2 performs a reciprocating motion to the left and right.

However, the electromagnetic actuator having the above configuration has the following problems. In other words, the magnetic efficiency of the magnetic circuit is determined by the magnetoresistance between the magnetic gaps, but this magnetoresistance is in a trade-off relationship with the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet. Resistance increases. The magnetic flux that cannot be used effectively causes magnetic saturation of the magnetic conductor of the mover, and this causes saturation of the thrust, which lowers the magnetic efficiency. In addition, since the magnetomotive force of the permanent magnet cannot be used effectively, the magnetic flux is supplemented by the magnetomotive force of the electromagnetic block, and therefore the loss such as copper loss increases and the travel efficiency of the entire actuator is reduced. is doing.
JP-A-7-265560 JP-A-7-313749

  The present invention has been invented in view of the above-described conventional problems, and an object of the present invention is to provide an electromagnetic actuator having improved magnetic efficiency by using magnetic flux that has not been used conventionally by magnetic saturation. It is.

  In order to solve the above problems, an electromagnetic actuator according to the present invention is opposed to an electromagnetic block in which a coil is wound around a core having a plurality of magnetic poles, with a magnetic gap at the tip surface of the magnetic pole in the electromagnetic block, An electromagnetic actuator comprising a mover supported reciprocally in a direction orthogonal to the opposing direction and driven to reciprocate by application of an alternating current to a coil of the electromagnetic block, wherein the mover has one surface with a magnetic pole of the electromagnetic block The permanent magnets are opposed to each other with a magnetic gap therebetween, and a magnetic conductor disposed on the other surface side of the permanent magnet, the magnetic conductors at both ends in the reciprocating direction of the permanent mover and the reciprocating motion of the permanent magnet. Projecting pieces projecting toward the magnetic pole side of the electromagnetic block, respectively, are provided at both ends of the reciprocating stroke of the mover. Te, one protrusion is characterized in that and the other protrusion to form a closed circuit is disposed in a position that does not form a closed circuit between the electromagnetic block. By providing the projecting piece, more magnetic flux flows, and the projecting piece is made not to increase the magnetic resistance.

  In particular, the electromagnetic block is an E-shaped core having three magnetic poles and a coil wound around at least the central magnetic pole, and the permanent magnet of the mover has different magnetic poles in the reciprocating direction of the mover, and the permanent magnet When the value obtained by adding the reciprocating stroke value of the mover to the width between both ends in the reciprocating direction of the mover is less than the maximum width between the magnetic poles at both ends of the electromagnetic block, the magnetic flux has not flowed so far A new magnetic closed circuit can be formed by the protruding piece.

  Even if the protruding piece is arranged at a position in contact with both ends of the permanent magnet in the reciprocating direction of the mover, it is arranged at a position away from both ends of the moving direction of the permanent magnet in the reciprocating direction. Also good.

  The protruding piece may include a portion facing the outer surface of the magnetic pole of the electromagnetic block in the reciprocating direction of the mover. It is also preferable that the permanent magnet is fitted in a recess provided in the magnetic conductor.

  In addition, a concave portion is provided on the surface of the magnetic conductor to be bonded to the permanent magnet, an unevenness is formed on at least one of the end face of the protruding piece and the end face of the magnetic pole of the core, or the tip of the protruding piece and the core Even if the inclined surface is formed by chamfering at least one of the tip of the magnetic pole, a preferable result can be obtained.

  Further, the width of the projecting piece in the reciprocating direction of the mover is preferably larger than the width of each magnetic pole of the core of the electromagnetic block in the reciprocating direction of the mover.

  In the present invention, one projecting piece provided on the magnetic conductor forms a closed circuit with the electromagnetic block to flow more magnetic flux, and at the stroke end of the reciprocation of the mover, the other projecting piece is A closed circuit is not formed, and for this reason, the projecting piece does not exist to increase the magnetic resistance, so that the magnetic efficiency can be improved.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described with reference to the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings. The structure shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 has the same basic configuration as the above-described conventional example, and includes an electromagnetic block 1 and a mover 2. The electromagnetic block 1 has a coil 12 wound around a central magnetic pole 11 of an E-shaped core 10 having three magnetic poles 11. A mover 2 that faces the end faces of the plurality of magnetic poles 11 via a magnetic gap and is supported so as to reciprocate in the direction in which the magnetic poles 11 are arranged is composed of a permanent magnet 21 and a magnetic conductor 22 as a back yoke. The permanent magnet 21 has different poles on the left and right in the reciprocating direction. As shown in FIG. 2, the width W1 of the permanent magnet 11 is smaller than the maximum width W2 of the magnetic poles 11 and 11 at the left and right ends of the electromagnetic block 1, and the sum of the mover 2 and the stroke ST is equal to the width W1. The maximum width is W2 or less (W2 ≧ W1 + ST).

  And in the electromagnetic actuator which concerns on this invention, the protrusion 23 which protrudes toward the electromagnetic block 1 side from the magnetic conductor 22 which is a back yoke in the location located outside the permanent magnet 21 in the reciprocating direction of the needle | mover 2 is provided. Is provided. From one end of the reciprocating direction of the magnet 22 and one end of one end of the reciprocating stroke of the mover 2, and the other end 23 of the other end of the stroke facing the magnetic pole 11 at both ends. The protrusions 23, 23 provided at positions deviating outward in the reciprocating direction also function as follows.

  That is, when the mover 2 is driven in one direction by the electromagnetic force from the electromagnetic block 1 and reaches one end of its stroke as shown in the upper part of FIG. A closed circuit is formed. At this time, a closed circuit including the magnetic pole 11 on the other end side, the projecting piece 23 on the other end side, the permanent magnet 21 and the central magnetic pole 11 is also formed. At this time, a closed circuit passing through the protruding piece 23 on one end side is not formed. Conversely, when the mover 2 is driven in the other direction by the electromagnetic force from the electromagnetic block 1 and reaches the other end of the stroke as shown in the lower part of FIG. 2, the permanent magnet 21 and the central magnetic pole 11 are changed from the magnetic pole 11 on the other end side. At the same time, a closed circuit consisting of the magnetic pole 11 at one end, the projecting piece 23 at one end, the permanent magnet 21 and the central magnetic pole 11 is also formed. At this time, the closed circuit passing through the projecting piece 23 at the other end is formed. A circuit is not formed.

  Here, the closed circuit passing through the projecting piece 23 is a magnetic path that cannot be obtained by a conventional one, and the path through which the magnetic flux flows is increased by providing the projecting piece 23. Since the other projecting piece 23 different from the projecting piece 23 to be formed does not form a closed circuit at the stroke end, the provision of the projecting piece 23 does not increase the magnetic resistance. The magnetic force (reluctance force) utilizing the polarity can be effectively used to improve the magnetic efficiency, and the magnetic attraction force between the magnetic gaps can be increased, and the thrust in the reciprocating direction can be increased. Further, since the projecting piece 23 is provided on the magnetic conductor 22 that is the back yoke, the cost does not increase.

  The projecting pieces 23 and 23 do not need to be in contact with both ends of the permanent magnet 21, but are positioned away from both ends of the permanent magnet 21 as shown in FIG. A gap may be provided. The magnetic resistance of the magnetic circuit can be controlled, and the magnetic flux can be caused to flow between the movable element 2 and the electromagnetic block 1 by the gap, thereby improving the magnetic efficiency.

  As shown in FIG. 4, the magnetic conductor 22 of the mover 2 may include opposing projecting pieces 23 a and 23 a that face the outer surfaces of the magnetic poles 11 and 11 at both ends of the electromagnetic block 1. The area through which the magnetic flux can pass is increased by reducing the magnetic resistance of the side surface, which is an unused space of the electromagnetic block 1, and as a result, the leakage inductance is reduced and the magnetic efficiency is improved.

  As shown in FIG. 5, a permanent magnet 21 attached so as to be fitted in a recess provided in the magnetic conductor 22 can be suitably used. In this case, the arrangement of the permanent magnet 21 is facilitated.

  In the structure shown in FIG. 6, the projecting piece 23 and the opposed projecting piece 23 a are provided on the magnetic conductor 22 of the movable element 2. Since the projections and depressions 24 that change the magnetic force (reluctance force) when displaced by being driven are provided, the thrust can be freely controlled according to the position, size, and arrangement of the projections and depressions 24. It becomes easy to reduce cogging. It is also effective to provide such irregularities on the magnetic pole 11 side.

  As shown in FIG. 7, the thrust can be freely controlled in accordance with the position, size, and arrangement of the recess 25 even if the recess 25 is provided on the joint surface of the permanent magnet 21 in the magnetic conductor 22. It is advantageous for cogging reduction.

  In the structure shown in FIG. 8, a chamfer is formed on the tip of the projecting piece 23 provided on the magnetic conductor 22 of the mover 2 to form a slope at a corner on the reciprocating direction side of the mover 2. The magnetic flux between the block 1 and the block 1 can be generated obliquely. In this case, the thrust in the reciprocating direction can be generated while changing the magnetic resistance, so that the magnetic efficiency is improved. The chamfering is also effective for the magnetic pole 11.

  The configurations shown in the above examples can be implemented in any combination. 9 to 12 show examples of such combinations. In the example shown in FIG. 9, the tip of the projecting piece 23 is chamfered, an unevenness 24 is provided on the front end surface, and a recess 25 is provided on the magnetic conductor 22. Yes. In this case, since the thrust in the reciprocating direction of the mover 2 increases and the magnetic attractive force in the opposing direction of the mover 2 and the electromagnetic block 1 can be reduced, the mover 2 that opposes this magnetic attractive force. The durability can be improved simultaneously with the improvement of the magnetic efficiency by relaxing the stress on the support mechanism.

  In addition to the one shown in FIG. 9, the tip shown in FIG. 10 is provided with irregularities 14 on the tip surface of the magnetic pole 11, and the one shown in FIG. The slope is formed by chamfering the tip. In the case shown in FIG. 12, in addition to the one shown in FIG. 9, the slope of the magnetic pole 11 is formed on the tip of the magnetic pole 11 simultaneously with the formation of the slope by chamfering. Concavities and convexities 14 are provided. In any case, the thrust can be freely controlled, and cogging can be reduced and magnetic efficiency can be improved.

  By the way, as shown in FIG. 13, the width of the protrusion 23 provided on the magnetic conductor 22 of the mover 2 (width in the reciprocating direction of the mover 2) L2 is the width of each magnetic pole 11 in the electromagnetic block 1 (movable). It is advantageous in that the magnetic saturation of the mover 2 is eliminated and the magnetic flux utilization rate is improved by setting the value to be equal to or larger than the width L1 of the reciprocating direction of the child 2.

  FIG. 14 shows that the electromagnetic block 1 includes a U-shaped core 10 having two magnetic poles 11, 11 and two coils 12, 12 wound around the magnetic poles 11. The permanent magnet 21 is composed of a magnetized permanent magnet 21 and a magnetic conductor 22, and the magnetic conductor 22 in this type uses a back side magnetic pole (a magnetic pole opposite to the magnetic pole 11) of the permanent magnet 21. , 23, here, the width of the projecting piece 23 is equal to or greater than the width of each magnetic pole 11, and one projecting piece 23 is provided at both ends of the reciprocating stroke of the mover 2. It arrange | positions so that it may come in the position remove | deviated from the closed circuit formed between the electromagnetic blocks 1. FIG.

  In this case, the magnetic saturation of the mover 2 can be eliminated and the magnetic flux utilization efficiency can be increased, and the magnetic efficiency and the overall efficiency can be improved.

  Also, here, an example is given in which there is one mover 2, but a plurality of movers 2, 2 are arranged in parallel and parallel to a single electromagnetic block 1, and all the movers 2, 2 reciprocate simultaneously. Needless to say, the present invention can also be applied to a driving device. In this case, if the arrangement of the magnetic poles of the permanent magnets 21 of the movers 2 and 2 arranged in parallel and parallel is the same, the two movers 2 and 2 can be reciprocally driven in the same phase. If the arrangement of the magnetic poles of the two permanent magnets 21 is reversed, the two movers 2 and 2 can be driven back and forth in opposite phases.

  Although not shown in each example according to the present invention, springs 3 and 3 may be provided as in the conventional example. Further, the electromagnetic block 1 is fixed and the movable element 2 is reciprocally driven. However, since the movements of the electromagnetic block 1 and the movable element 2 are relative, they are opposite to each other. It may be one that moves or one that moves the electromagnetic block 1 while the mover 2 is fixed.

FIG. 1 shows an example of an embodiment of the present invention, where (a) is a front view and (b) is a perspective view. It is explanatory drawing which shows operation | movement same as the above. It is a front view of another example. Furthermore, it is a front view of another example. It is a front view of another example. It is another front view. It is a front view of another example. It is a front view of another example. It is a front view of a different example. It is a front view of a further different example. It is a front view of another example. It is a front view of another example. It is a front view of another example. Furthermore, the other example is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a perspective view. (a) (b) is a front view of a conventional example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Electromagnetic block 2 Movable element 10 Core 11 Magnetic pole 12 Coil 21 Permanent magnet 22 Magnetic conductor 23 Protrusion piece

Claims (10)

  An electromagnetic block in which a coil is wound around a core having a plurality of magnetic poles, and opposed to a tip surface of the magnetic pole in the electromagnetic block through a magnetic gap, and is supported by a reciprocating motion in a direction orthogonal to the opposing direction. An electromagnetic actuator comprising a mover that is reciprocally driven by application of an alternating current to the coil of the block, the mover having a permanent magnet whose one surface faces the magnetic pole of the electromagnetic block via a magnetic gap, and a permanent magnet A magnetic conductor disposed on the other surface side, and the magnetic conductor projects to both ends of the permanent mover in the reciprocating direction and to positions outside the both ends of the permanent magnet in the reciprocating direction on the magnetic pole side of the electromagnetic block. The projecting pieces have a closed circuit at one end of the reciprocating stroke of the movable element, and one projecting piece forms a closed circuit with the electromagnetic block. An electromagnetic actuator, wherein a projecting piece is disposed in a position that does not form a closed circuit.   The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein the projecting piece is disposed at a position in contact with both ends of the permanent magnet in the reciprocating direction of the mover.   The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein the projecting piece is disposed at a position away from both ends of the permanent magnet in the reciprocating direction of the mover.   The electromagnetic block is an E-shaped core having three magnetic poles and a coil wound around at least a central magnetic pole, and the permanent magnet of the mover has different magnetic poles in the reciprocating direction of the mover, The value obtained by adding the reciprocating stroke value of the mover to the width between both ends in the reciprocating direction of the mover is equal to or less than the maximum width between the magnetic poles at both ends of the electromagnetic block. The electromagnetic actuator according to item 1.   5. The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein the projecting piece includes a portion facing an outer surface of a magnetic pole of the electromagnetic block in a reciprocating direction of the mover.   The electromagnetic actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the permanent magnet is fitted in a recess provided in the magnetic conductor.   The electromagnetic actuator according to claim 1, wherein a concave portion is provided on a joint surface of the magnetic conductor with the permanent magnet.   The electromagnetic actuator according to any one of claims 1 to 7, wherein irregularities are formed on at least one of an end face of the protruding piece and an end face of the magnetic pole of the core.   9. The electromagnetic wave according to claim 1, wherein an inclined surface is formed by chamfering at least one of a tip portion of the protruding piece and a tip portion of the magnetic pole of the core. Actuator.   The width of the projecting piece in the reciprocating direction of the mover is larger than the width of each magnetic pole of the core of the electromagnetic block in the reciprocating direction of the mover. The electromagnetic actuator described.

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