JP2008144455A - Structure of laminated wooden bars having equal cross sections - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To construct a wooden building which can erect a large span beam and exerts high designing flexibility by using square bars available for a conventional framework building. <P>SOLUTION: The wooden building is constructed by combining with each other: large-span assembly beams 30 which are each obtained by laminating component square bars each having a predetermined cross section on each other in one body by fastening means in predetermined stages and up to a length corresponding to a span; assembly columns 10 which are each set up by assembling the component square bars each having the same cross section as that of the assembly beam in a manner being spaced an interval away from each other so as to pinch the large-span assembly beams 30; and assembly walls 20 which are each obtained by laminating the component square bars having the same cross section as that of the assembly beam on each other by the fastening means so as to form a plane having a predetermined area, in order to block an area space between the assembly columns 10 erected across a predetermined interval. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an equal cross-section integrated timber structure. By using a plurality of square members used in a conventional wooden frame structure, the cross-sectional shape of the member can be increased or used as a planar member. The present invention relates to an equal cross-section integrated timber structure capable of constructing a wooden building having a large-span beam and having a high degree of design freedom.

  In conventional wooden architecture, timber (square material) that has been sawn as structural timber that conforms to the provisions of the wooden structure design standards is provided, and various wooden architectures such as a frame structure are designed using the timber. Moreover, in order to expand the living space of a building, various joining hardware etc. are utilized also in the conventional frame structure, and the improvement of the enlargement of the wooden building by standard wood is aimed at.

  Various large-scale wooden buildings have been constructed that exceed the standards of conventional wooden buildings such as houses. For example, in a large-span wooden dome structure building, a large-span dome is constructed by manufacturing arch members of a predetermined span made of laminated timber at a factory, etc., and assembling and combining many arch members three-dimensionally at the site. There are many examples (Non-patent Document 1). In general, laminated timber is capable of manufacturing an arch member having a large cross section in a leg portion or the like by laminating a plurality of plate materials (lamina) using a high-performance adhesive.

  In addition, it is also possible to obtain a large-span living space using laminated timber in conventional residential wooden buildings, and devised a joint structure of laminated timber with a simple configuration, thereby expanding the living space There are also proposals for housing designs. (Patent Document 1)

  The laminated wood disclosed in Patent Document 1 has a cross-section in which a plurality of thin plate materials are bonded together with an adhesive, and the joint end portions of each plate material are provided by being shifted and reinforced with bolts and nuts, whereby the strength of the joint portion And a long-span ramen structure.

http://www.takenaka.co.jp/techno/14_cabl/14_cabl.htm JP-A-5-148896

  By the way, in the construction methods disclosed in Patent Document 1 and Non-Patent Document 1 as described above, a predetermined composite beam section and the like necessary for the structure are secured by the laminated wood in which a plurality of thin plate materials are assembled with an adhesive. I am doing so. For this reason, when the building is viewed from the inside, it is recognized that the exterior of the member is a wooden structure with grain, but because it does not use actual solid squares, etc. Only the wood surface composed of a large number of ground plates appears, and when the user sees it from the inside of the building, there is a point that the wood taste peculiar to wooden construction is poor.

  However, large-span beams and the like that can be achieved with laminated timber cannot be realized by using standard timber such as conventional square wood distributed in the market. Accordingly, an object of the present invention is a wooden construction using a square lumber, which is a conventional lumber product, under a related law and a structural as much as possible, and is an equal cross-section integrated wood capable of realizing a large space structure To provide a structure.

  In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides a beam in which square members having a predetermined cross-sectional area are integrated into a predetermined number of steps and a span length and integrated by fastening means, and the beam is sandwiched at an interval so that the beam can be clamped. A square composed of square rods and equiangular structural squares, and the structural squares and equilateral cross-sectional structural squares for a predetermined area so as to block the surface space between the pillars arranged at predetermined intervals. It is characterized in that a wooden building is constructed by combining the wall bodies integrated only in a planar shape and integrated by fastening means.

  It is preferable that a square cross-section member is used as the component square member.

  It is preferable that the beam is fastened through a spacer member arranged at a predetermined interval at a middle position of the beam to form a hollow portion at a predetermined interval in the beam.

  It is preferable that the pillars are four assembled pillars that are arranged from each direction with an interval at which the constituent square members can be sandwiched.

  It is preferable that the wall is fastened via a spacer member arranged at a predetermined interval in the middle wall position to form a transmission portion with a predetermined interval in the wall.

  The fastening means includes a bolt and a nut that are fastened so as to integrate the constituent square members through the number of steps of the constituent square members constituting the beam and the wall, and a shear resistance embedded between the adjacent constituent square members. It is preferable to comprise with a member.

  It is preferable that the shear resistance member is a steel circular pipe having a predetermined height, and is installed so that approximately half of the height direction is embedded in the adjacent square member.

  According to the present invention, a combination of square lumber, which is a conventional lumber product, is used to construct a large span beam, a column earthquake-resistant wall, etc., so that many old-fashioned timber surfaces are exposed in appearance and in the internal space. It is possible to achieve a wooden structure, which can fulfill the structural function and design effect as an unprecedented wooden space.

  Hereinafter, as the best mode for carrying out the equal cross-section integrated wood structure of the present invention, the following examples will be described with reference to the accompanying drawings.

  FIG. 1 is a schematic perspective view for explaining a construction situation of a large span wooden building 1 having an equal cross-section integrated wood structure according to the present invention. In FIG. 1, a column 10 standing on the building foundation 2, a wall 20 standing so as to block the surface space between the columns 10, and supporting the column 10 through the column 10 in the column direction. The span beam and a large span beam in the span direction supported by the beam 35 at the position of the assembled column 10 are installed between the assembled columns 10, and the next large span assembled beam 30 is positioned at the position of the assembled column 10. The situation of being suspended is shown schematically. Hereinafter, the assembled column 10, the assembled wall 20, the large span assembled beam 30, and the girder 35 constituting the equal cross-section integrated wood structure of the present invention shown in FIG. 1 (hereinafter collectively referred to as an integrated member). ) And each joining portion as a stacking member and reinforcing means will be described.

[Common structure of integrated members]
The wood used for the integrated member of the present invention is a square lumber having an equal cross section (in this embodiment, a solid hinoki lumber lumber of 135 mm square), which is a lumber processed to a predetermined length (hereinafter referred to as a component square lumber). . As for the beams, the assembled beams 30 and the girder beams 35 are configured by integrating the structural square members in the height direction and the length direction so as to secure the beam length and the beam span length. As for the pillars, an assembled pillar 10 is formed in which four unit pillars are formed as a set with an interval (135 mm + clearance in the present embodiment) sufficient to sandwich a square member such as a beam. As for the wall, the assembled wall 20 as a predetermined face material is configured by vertically using the constituent square members and accumulating them in the width direction. In this way, each stacking member formed by stacking square members having equal cross-sections is designed according to the application location of a wooden building, manufactured with high accuracy in a factory, and assembled on site. Thereby, the whole building can be assembled in a short period of time, and it functions effectively as a prefabrication method capable of rapid construction. Each square member can be assembled into an integrated member using only through bolts as fastening means, which will be described later, and steel circular pipes (hereinafter referred to as split rings) as shear resistance members. .

[Configuration of large span beam]
FIG. 2 is a front view of the large span beam assembly 30 shown in FIG. 1 as being suspended in the spanning direction. As shown in FIG. 1, the large-span braided beam 30 is a girder that is continuously erected in the column direction in the column 10 (details will be described later) standing upright at intervals of about 4 m in the column direction of the building. It is supported at a predetermined interval (as an example, 0.8 m) so that the fulcrum is placed on the beam 35 and is installed as a large span beam in the spanning direction.

  As shown in FIGS. 1 and 2, the large-span assembled beam 30 is composed of an integrated member that is assembled in five stages in the vertical direction. The short constituent square members 32 as spacer members are arranged in two or four steps between the joints, and are assembled in advance at the factory so as to have a total height of five steps. In this embodiment, the large span beam assembly 30 is assembled as a large span beam member having a total beam length of about 17 m at the uppermost stage and a beam span length of about 10.5 m between the assembled columns 10. Further, an overhang portion 30 </ b> A is provided on the outer side from the assembled pillar 10 for the effect on the design and the weight reduction of the member. The member length of the overhanging portion 30A corresponding to the eaves is shortened by a predetermined length from the lower stage. Furthermore, the second and fourth constituent square members 32 from the bottom located in the middle in the vertical direction function as a spacer member as described above, so that the hollow portion 34 has a predetermined interval at the second and fourth stages of the stacking member. Open and formed. Thus, even if the hollow portion is formed at the intermediate position of the beam span, the section modulus of the constituent square member 31 of 1, 3 and 5 steps is sufficiently secured in each portion. Does not occur. And the mass of a beam can be reduced and the effect which produces the lightness on the external appearance of the beam seen from the inside can be show | played.

FIG. 3A is a partial cross-sectional view showing, in an enlarged manner, the joint position (part A enlarged view) of the structural square member 31 as a beam member. FIG. 3B is a partially enlarged view showing the installation position (the B part enlarged view) of the structural square member 32 at the intermediate position of the beam.
The beam member joint shown in FIG. 3 (a) joins 1, 3, and 5 steps of the square member 31 in the longitudinal direction, and also integrally stiffens the component square member 32 in the vertical direction as an integrated member. It plays a role of fastening in the vertical direction with the constituting square member 32 interposed therebetween. In this beam member joint portion, four through bolts 40 that vertically penetrate the constituting square bars 31 and 32 constituting the five-stage beam are arranged, and further, the contact surface between the square bars 31 and 32 is out of plane. A split ring 45 is embedded as a step force resistance member so as to straddle between the structural square members 31 and 32. Steel plate fixing plates 41U are arranged on the upper and lower surfaces of the assembled beam 30, which is a fixing portion of the through bolt 40, so as to relieve stress concentration on the square member 31 due to the fastening force of the through bolt 40. Further, the fixing plate 41L on the lower surface of the joint portion is installed in the notched portion of the lowermost constituent square member 31 so as to fix the nut, and the entire fixing plate 41L is covered with a plate-like buried wood 33 made of the same material as the constituent square member 31. To. Thus, as a design consideration, the steel fixing plate 41L is not exposed inside the building (inside the room). The configuration and operation of the split ring will be described later with reference to FIG.

  The intermediate stacking portion shown in FIG. 3 (b) integrates and stiffens the 1, 3, and 5 stage square members 31 in the vertical direction at the intermediate position, and also with the joint portion shown in FIG. 3 (a). It matches the appearance and plays a role of fastening the square members 32 as the second and fourth stage spacer members in the vertical direction. As a result, the hollow portion 34 is formed at a predetermined interval in the assembled beam 30 other than the beam joint portion. Also in this intermediate stacking portion, as shown in FIG. 3B, the steps are joined using the through bolts 40 and the split ring 45. Since the fixing plate is not used in the intermediate stacking portion, a round hole-like recess is formed on the lower surface of the lowermost constituent square member 31 so as to hide the nut head, and this recess is also closed by the buried tree 33. The end of the joint hardware is not exposed in appearance from the indoor side. In this embodiment, the beam member joint portion and the intermediate stacking portion are arranged at equal intervals in the longitudinal direction of the beam, and the component square members 32 are both 0.9 m long members. As the beam 30, hollow portions of about 1.5 m are arranged at equal intervals in four places in the second and fourth stages. For this reason, the assembled beam 30 has reduced lightness due to its own weight and lightness that is well balanced in design.

[Configuration of split ring and through bolt]
FIG. 4 is a cut model schematically showing a state in which the split ring 45 is attached to the constituent square members. In this embodiment, the split ring 45 is a circular pipe member obtained by cutting a stainless steel circular pipe having a diameter of 76 mm and a thickness of 3 mm to a height of 50 mm. As shown in the figure, the split ring 45 is formed in a ring groove having a depth of 25 mm (corresponding to half of the height of the ring) drilled by a ring cutter (not shown) on the surface of the upper and lower constituent square members. By fitting, it can be located between the structural square members 31, 31.

  In the conventional laminated material, a plurality of plate members are bonded together with an adhesive to integrate the members themselves to increase the cross-sectional rigidity, whereas in the integrated member using the split ring 45, as shown in FIG. In addition, since the adjacent constituent square members are in surface contact with each other without being bonded, and the split ring 45 in which the half height is embedded in each square member is positioned, the split ring 45 is a surface generated on the joint surface as a shear resistance material. Resists inter-member displacement due to external shear force.

  Further, a through hole (φ14 mm) is drilled at the center position of each split ring 45, and a through bolt 40 (φ12 mm) having a bolt length corresponding to the number of assembled stages is passed through to fix the other end with a nut. Are fastened in the stacking direction. In this way, by using the through bolt 40 and the split ring 45 at the same joint position, the split ring 45 effectively bears a shearing force greater than the shearing force that the through bolt 40 bears. It is possible to effectively prevent deformation between members between square members.

[Composition of assembly pillar]
5 and 6 are a front view and a side view showing the assembled pillar 10 having two kinds of structures. The column 10 is erected between the unit columns 11, 11..., Each having three component square members connected in the height direction, separated by a square material width (135 mm + clearance in this embodiment). Is formed by integrating the horizontal square members 12 together. The assembled column 10 of the present embodiment is composed of a solid column 10A shown in FIGS. 5A and 5B and a hollow column 10B shown in FIGS. 6A and 6B.

  The solid column 10A is a column arranged at a position functioning as a horizontal resistance member in the plan structure plan, and a horizontal square member 12 for horizontal stiffening is stacked between the four unit columns 11, 11,. It is a column in which the lateral rigidity of the assembled column 10 is increased by using a solid member. On the other hand, in the hollow column 10B, as shown in FIGS. 6 (c) and 6 (d), the horizontal square members 12 that maintain the interval between the four unit columns 11, 11,. It is a pillar that functions as a stud with a structure that mainly bears a vertical load.

  5, 6, each of the unit columns 11, 11... Is in a state where the bottom surface of each unit column 11 is directly placed on the foundation concrete of the foundation 2, and a fixing plate 5 having a feather plate shape at the lower end of each column. An anchor member in which the anchor bolt 6 is integrated is attached, and the anchor bolt 6 is directly fixed and fixed to the anchor fixing hole 3 of the foundation 2 with the grout 4 to function as a self-supporting column.

  7 (a), 7 (b), and 7 (c) are cross-sectional plan views showing examples of joining of the square bars 12 arranged for the purpose of stiffening and spacing between the four unit columns 11, 11,... It is. As shown in FIGS. 7A and 7B, three types of use examples of the split ring 45 are employed in order to bear the load in the vertical direction of the column and to resist the lateral load acting on the column. The joint shown in FIG. 7A shows a structural form in which a split ring 45 is disposed between the unit column 11 and the horizontal square member 12 and the horizontal square member 12 is fixed to the unit column 11.

  The joint shown in FIG. 7B is a joint structure in which a lateral resistance force of a more rigid column structure can be obtained by installing the split ring 45 also in the vertical direction of the lateral square member 12. . The joint shown in FIG. 7 (c) is a cross-sectional view showing an attachment location of a general transverse square member 12, and when a large horizontal external force does not act, only the through bolt 40 as shown in FIG. The horizontal square 12 and the unit column 11 are fixed.

  8 (a) and 8 (b) are a part of a column showing a joined state of three lateral square members 12 incorporated between unit columns 11 and 11 in the assembled column 10 shown in each drawing of FIG. It is sectional drawing. In the joint shown in FIG. 8A, the horizontal square members 12 stacked in three stages are firmly fixed to the side surfaces of the four unit pillars 11, 11... By the through bolts 40 and the split rings 45, respectively. ing. On the other hand, in the joint shown in FIG. 8B, the split ring 45 is arranged between the unit pillar 11 and between the upper and lower horizontal square members 12 without using the through bolt 40, and shear shear is caused only by the split ring 45. Designed to prevent.

  FIGS. 9A and 9B are partial assembly diagrams showing a state in which a girder beam 35 is installed at a predetermined height of the assembled column 10 and a large span assembled beam 30 is installed on the beam 35. is there. FIG. 4A is an external view, and FIG. 4B is a cross-sectional view showing an example of the arrangement of hardware in the beam 35 (hatching of the cross section of the beam 35 is omitted for simplification of the drawing).

  As shown in FIGS. 9 and 9, the girder 35 accumulated in three stages is placed on a support portion 36 provided at a predetermined level in the assembled column 10, and the unit columns 11 of the adjacent assembled columns 10. It is erected in the column direction through. At this time, the three-stage horizontal square members 12 are attached to the predetermined heights of the respective assembled pillars 10 using the through bolts 40 and the split rings 45 as the support portions 36 of the assembled pillars 10 (same as above). (Refer figure (b)). A girder beam 35 is placed on the support portion 36, and the joining intersection and the positions of the girder beams 35 on both sides thereof are stiffened by the unit column 11, the through bolt 40 and the split ring 45, so that the intersection portion of the integrated member is integrated. It is planned. In addition, a large-diameter bolt (φ20: other general portion is φ12) is used as a through bolt 40B at the joint intersection of the assembled column 10 and the beam 35, and the shear rigidity as the column-beam joint is improved. ing. As shown in FIG. 1, large-span assembled beams 30 are installed on the beam 35 at intervals of about 0.8 m. As shown in FIG. 9B, the large-span braided beams 30 are stacked in five stages at the support position on the three-tiered beam 35 as shown in FIG. In the support portion of the assembled beam 30 in which this structural square member has eight levels, the through beam 40 that vertically penetrates the assembled beam 30 and the girder beam 35 is used to prevent the assembled beam 30 from falling down as a hut assembly.

[Composition of assembly wall]
10A and 10B are front views showing two types of assembled walls 20 having different wall heights. Each of the assembled walls 20 is a panel-like body in which square members are joined in the vertical direction according to the wall height, and a predetermined number is accumulated in the width direction and fastened with horizontal through bolts 40H. The wall width is set according to the distance between the assembled pillars 10 and the wall height is also set according to the eave height. The wall width is set appropriately by adjusting the number of joints of the regular constituent square members 21 and the length of the end square members. be able to. Since this assembled wall 20 also has a structure in which the accumulated structural square members 21 are fastened by through bolts 40H, and has a high wall rigidity with a sufficient wall thickness, it should be considered as a seismic wall in the seismic design of the building. Can do.

  Further, as in the case of the large-span assembled beam 30, the constituent square members 21 and the constituent square members 22 as spacer members are alternately arranged in the width direction, and as shown in both figures, every other constituent square member 21 is used. Thus, the transmission part 23 can be provided in a predetermined range of the assembled wall 20. Thereby, the transmission part 23 can be equally arrange | positioned on a wall surface, without providing a window in the assembly wall 20, and external light can be taken in via this transmission part 23 inside. The internal brightness can be freely adjusted by appropriately setting the ratio of the transmission part 23 to the wall surface. Further, like the large-span assembled beam 30, it is pre-assembled into a panel having a predetermined size at the factory, but the mass of the panel-shaped assembled wall 20 can be reduced. Each assembled wall 20 is provided with an anchor bolt 6 having the same shape as that of the assembled column 10 at the lower end of the square member 21. By fixing these anchor bolts 6 to the foundation 2, the assembled wall 20 itself has a self-supporting structure. can do.

[Application example to large space wooden buildings]
FIG. 11 is a front view of a frame showing an example applied to a wooden building that constitutes a large space using the large-span assembled beam 30 shown in FIG. 2 and the assembled pillar 10 shown in FIGS. 5 and 6. is there. As shown in the figure, a large space building as shown in the figure is realized by combining a simple column 10 and a large span beam 30 installed on a beam 35 supported by the column 10. can do. In addition, since this building has a structure in which square members are combined, a high taste as a wooden building can be obtained both when viewed from the outside and from the inside.

  FIG. 12 is an enlarged cross-sectional view showing a detailed structure of a joint (C part, D part) between the column and the beam in FIG. As shown in FIG. 12 (a), an internal space composed of a multi-stage roof is provided by installing a support portion and a girder beam 35 at a predetermined height of one assembled column 10 and supporting two beams. Can be configured. Further, as shown in the enlarged view of FIG. 4B, by effectively projecting the end 30A of the assembled beam 30 from the assembled column 10 in a cantilevered manner, it is possible to secure an effective use space under the eaves. it can.

The construction state explanatory drawing which showed the erection situation of the large span assembling beam in the equal section accumulation wood structure by this invention. The whole front view of the large span beam assembly shown in FIG. The expanded sectional view of the member joint part and intermediate joint part of a large span beam. The expanded sectional view of the reinforcement part using a penetration bolt and a split ring. The front view and side view which showed the assembly pillar in which the solid square material was integrated. The front view and side view which showed the assembly pillar in which the solid square material is not integrated. The cross-sectional view which showed the joining condition of the horizontal direction square material used for an assembled pillar. Sectional drawing which showed the attachment condition of the horizontal direction square material used for an assembled pillar. Partial explanatory drawing which showed the condition where the large span beam was erected on the girder beam erected on the column. The front view which showed one Example of the assembly wall. The frame structure which showed the example of application to the large space wooden building of this invention. The enlarged front view of (C section) and (D section) shown in FIG.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Large span wooden building 2 Foundation 6 Anchor bolt 10 Assembled pillar 11 Unit pillar 12 Horizontal direction square member 20 Assembled wall 23 Transmission part 30 Assembled beam 35 Girder beam 36 Support part 40 Through bolt 40B Through bolt (thick diameter)
41 Fixing plate 45 Split ring

Claims (7)

  Constructed by assembling square beams of equal cross-section with the above-mentioned square rods, with a beam that integrates square rods with a predetermined cross-sectional area in a predetermined number of steps and span lengths and integrated by fastening means, with a gap so that the beams can be sandwiched The above-mentioned square members and the square members having the same cross section are integrated into a plane by a predetermined area so as to block the surface space between the pillars and the columns arranged at predetermined intervals, and are integrated by fastening means. An equal cross-section integrated timber structure characterized in that a wooden building is constructed by combining it with a structured wall.   The equal cross-section integrated wood structure according to claim 1, wherein a square cross-section member is used as the component square member.   3. The beam according to claim 1, wherein the beam is fastened through a spacer member arranged at a predetermined interval at a beam intermediate position, and a hollow portion is formed at a predetermined interval in the beam. An equal cross-section integrated wood structure as described in 1.   3. The equal cross-section integrated wood structure according to claim 1, wherein the pillars are four assembled pillars arranged at intervals in which the constituent square members can be sandwiched from each direction.   3. The wall according to claim 1, wherein the wall is fastened through a spacer member arranged at a predetermined interval at a wall intermediate position, and a transmission portion is formed at a predetermined interval in the wall. An equal cross-section integrated wood structure as described in 1.   The fastening means includes a bolt and a nut that are fastened so as to integrate the constituent square members through the number of steps of the constituent square members constituting the beam and the wall, and a shear resistance embedded between the adjacent constituent square members. The equal cross-section integrated wood structure according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the structure is composed of a member.   The shear resistance member is a steel circular pipe having a predetermined height, and is installed so that substantially half of the height direction is embedded in each of the adjacent square members. Equal cross-section integrated wood structure.

Images