JP2008136893A - Vibrating screen, net of screen and vibrating screen method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a vibrating screen capable of efficiently classifying materials to be classified even if the materials are wet materials with aggregating properties without drying the materials or ejecting water, and to provide a net of a screen. <P>SOLUTION: In the vibrating screen provided with a screen mechanism 13 formed of a screen surface 14 and a vibrating mechanism 18 vibrating the screen mechanism 13 to classify the materials P to be classified while conveying the materials P charged into the screen mechanism 13, the screen surface 14 of the net installed on the screen mechanism 13 is divided into a plurality of classifying areas R along the conveying direction of the material P, and a plurality of weirs 1 temporarily staying the materials P are arranged at a posture of crossing to the conveying direction on the top of the screen surface 14. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention includes a screen mechanism having a screen surface formed thereon and a vibration mechanism for vibrating the screen mechanism, and a vibration screen device for classifying a classification target that has been input to the screen mechanism, and a screen mesh And a vibration sieving method.

  Incinerated ash discharged from the garbage incinerator is injected into an ash melting furnace and melted for volume reduction and detoxification, and molten slag that falls into a water tank is discharged as granulated slag. Such granulated slag is reused as concrete aggregate or asphalt aggregate, but since the particle size distribution is defined according to the application, it needs to be classified according to the purpose. For example, when reusing as aggregate for asphalt, it is necessary to set the mass percentage of the material passing through a 4.75 mm sieve to 100% according to JIS A5032 FM2.5.

  Therefore, classification is performed using a vibration sieve device that includes a screen mechanism on which a sieve surface is formed and a vibration mechanism that vibrates the screen mechanism, and classifies the object to be classified while being transported to the screen mechanism. It is considered.

  As an example of such a vibration sieving device, Patent Document 1 discloses that a foreign matter such as a folding advertisement or a dry battery is separated from newspaper while focusing on container sorting, or a thin wrapping paper, a book or a foreign matter is separated from a magazine. As a sorting device that can flexibly handle various sorting and recycling, such as separating binding ties from cardboard to improve sorting accuracy, and classifying construction waste into stone, metal and wood, etc. Is mixed with a plurality of strip-shaped sieving means supplied from above at one end or an intermediate part, and rotatably supported by a machine base, and the individual sieving means are horizontally arranged. Or at least one set of crankshafts for propelling the object to be processed from the one end or the intermediate portion to the other end on the upper surface of the sieving means while being supported by a crank pin in an inclined manner or being swung up and down, crank Rotating drive means for rotationally driving the workpiece in the direction of propelling the workpiece from the one end or the intermediate portion to the other end on the upper surface of the sieve means while swinging the sieve means up and down as described above. There has been proposed a sorting apparatus characterized in that an object to be processed is sieved by swinging up and down of the sieving means so that the material remaining on the upper surface is sent out to at least the other end.

In addition, Patent Document 2 discloses that a plate-like sieve provided with a plurality of protrusions on the upper surface is connected to the plate-like sieve for the purpose of separating stones mixed in compost, wood chips or vegetation base materials. There has been proposed a stone sorting apparatus characterized in that the plate sieve is provided with an inclination, and the pulley continuously moves the entire plate sieve.
JP 2001-70886 A JP 2002-219418 A

  The sorting apparatus described in the above-mentioned Patent Document 1 sorts containers from sorting objects mixed with foreign matters such as insert advertisements and dry batteries from newspapers while focusing on container sorting, and collects construction waste materials from stone, metal and wood. Is a device that efficiently sorts and recycles materials such as categorized as, and effectively sorts objects to be sorted that cause water to aggregate and cause a phenomenon that makes separation difficult. It was not equipped with. Further, the action of the weir is not intended to cause fine particles to stay on the sieve surface, but is used for the effect of spreading coarse materials such as cardboard and magazines.

  Moreover, the stone separation apparatus described in Patent Document 2 blows off single particles that are thought to be dispersed from the beginning by applying wind from the lower portion of the sieve, and moves the remaining stone rollers on the sieve surface while receiving them with the weir. For this purpose, the pulley surface is rotated to move the sieve surface. If the objects to be separated are not aggregated by moisture, they are not separated from ones having slightly different particle diameters having the same specific gravity.

  On the other hand, as shown in FIG. 2, when the classification target P to which moisture such as granulated slag adheres is vibrated on the sieve surface 14, the fine slags aggregate through water. Agglomeration phenomenon occurs such that it grows in a lump or clumps around the coarse slag, and the lump that grows in a lump runs on the sieving surface without being classified, and is fully classified. There was a problem that I could not. Therefore, when trying to improve the classification accuracy by increasing the residence time, there is a problem that a very large sieve area is required and the apparatus becomes large.

  In addition, because the moisture adheres, the sieve mesh is immediately closed due to the adhesion that appears on the classification target, and there is also a problem that the classification cannot be performed efficiently even if a cleaning mechanism is provided to eliminate clogging. .

  Therefore, it is conceivable to classify the granulated slag after drying it. In this case, however, there is a problem that thermal energy is required for the drying process, which is inferior in economic efficiency. When the fine slag aggregated by supplying the slag is separated from the periphery of the large-diameter slag, there is a problem that a wastewater treatment facility with high equipment cost is required. The classification object having such properties is not limited to granulated slag, but is recognized to be common to wet crushed or wet crushed sand having a fine particle size.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above-described conventional problems, and even if the classification target object is a coherent wet substance, it is possible to classify efficiently without drying or jetting water. An object of the present invention is to provide a vibration sieving apparatus, a sieve screen, and a vibration sieving method.

  In order to achieve the above-described object, the characteristic configuration of the vibration sieving device according to the present invention includes a screen mechanism having a sieving surface and a vibration of the screen mechanism as described in claim 1 of the document of the claims. And a vibration sieving device for classifying the classification target placed in the screen mechanism while conveying the classification target, wherein a plurality of sieving surfaces provided in the screen mechanism are arranged along the conveyance direction of the classification target. A plurality of weirs that divide into classification regions and temporarily retain a classification target object are arranged in an attitude that intersects the conveying direction at the upper part of the sieve surface.

  As a result of intensive research, the inventor of the present application has temporarily retained on the upstream side of the weir even if wet classification objects conveyed on the sieve surface by vibration adhere to each other and aggregate through water. As a result, it was found that during the stay, the contact or collision frequency between the aggregated object and the net and / or the aggregates is increased to be dispersed and classified before the aggregation. Agglomerates or dispersed objects that have been reduced to a certain extent bounce over the sieve surface by vibration and jump over the weirs. By repeating the dispersion and classification processes, classification can be performed efficiently without increasing the length of the sieve surface.

  Here, “aggregation” in this specification refers to a phenomenon in which wet classified objects conveyed on a sieve surface by vibration adhere to each other through water and grow into a lump.

  In addition to the first feature configuration described above, the second feature configuration includes a guide member that adjusts the conveyance amount of the classification target object on the upper part of the sieve surface defined by the weir. It is in the point which has arranged.

  According to the above-described configuration, even when a large amount of classification objects are input, the amount of classification objects to be conveyed is adjusted by the guide member, so that the classification objects are conveyed more than the height of the weir. The inconvenience of passing through the weir can be solved, and the classification target can be surely temporarily retained by the weir.

  As described in the third aspect of the present invention, the third feature configuration includes a cleaning mechanism for removing clogging of the sieve surface in addition to the first or second feature configuration described above.

  Even if fine particles containing moisture, which is an object to be classified, tend to adhere to the opening of the sieving surface, clogging of the sieving surface is eliminated by the cleaning mechanism, so that sieving can be performed continuously. It becomes like this.

  In the fourth feature configuration, as described in claim 4, in addition to any one of the first to third feature configurations described above, the classification target is cohesive or adherent by the attached water, or Appropriate classification is possible for classification objects that cannot be easily classified because they have properties that combine both properties. become able to.

  The characteristic configuration of the sieve mesh according to the present invention is used in the vibrating sieve device having any one of the first to fourth characteristic configurations described above, as described in the fifth aspect, in the conveying direction of the classification object. A plurality of weirs that divide along the plurality of classification areas and temporarily retain the classification target object are arranged in a posture that intersects with the conveyance direction.

  The characteristic configuration of the vibration sieving method according to the present invention is a vibration sieving method in which the screen mechanism on which the sieving surface is formed is vibrated and classified while transporting the classification target object, as described in claim 6. Then, the classification target was introduced from the upstream side of the sieve surface provided with a plurality of weirs from the upstream side to the downstream side in a posture crossing the transport direction, classified while temporarily retaining in the weir, and jumped over the weir The classification process is repeated while the classification target is temporarily retained in the next weir.

  As described above, according to the present invention, even if the classification object is a coherent wet substance, the vibration sieve device and the sieve can be efficiently classified without drying or jetting water. It has become possible to provide a mesh and vibration sieving method.

  Below, the vibration sieving apparatus, the sieving mesh, and the vibration sieving method according to the present invention will be described in which the granulated slag obtained by melting waste such as incinerated ash is a classification target.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the vibration sieve device 10 includes a screen mechanism 13 supported on a machine base 11 via a spring mechanism 12, and an excitation that vibrates the screen mechanism 13 in the direction of an arrow indicated by a dashed line in the drawing. A mechanism 18 is provided.

  The screen mechanism 13 throws the granulated slag P into the sieving surface 14 composed of a screen S made of a urethane resin mesh as a sifter having a 5 mm classification hole (sieving mesh), and the sieving surface 14. The first collection unit 16 that collects the input unit 15, the sieved product (fine slag) that has passed through the sieve surface 14, and the first collection unit (coarse slag) that does not pass through the sieve surface 14 The upper part of the sieve surface 14 is covered with a cover body 19 that prevents dust from scattering. In addition, the size of the classification hole (sieving mesh) is appropriately set according to the classification target, and the sieving surface 14 may be installed in a horizontal posture. In this way, it may be installed in a posture in which the conveyance direction side is inclined upward, or conversely, it may be installed in a posture in which the conveyance direction side is inclined downward. Further, the vibration method of the sieve is not limited to the balance type, and a forced vibration type may be used because the same effect can be obtained with a forced vibration type vibration sieve.

  A granulated slag P having a water content of 2 to 20% and a diameter distributed in the range of several tens of mm to several mm is charged from the charging unit 15 and is composed of a vibration motor, a crank motor or the like. The material is conveyed while being classified toward the second recovery unit 17 while vibrating along the vibration direction on the sieve surface 14 that vibrates with the vibration force of 18.

  A plurality of weirs that partition the sieve surface 14 into a plurality of classification regions Rn (n = 1, 2,...) Along the conveying direction of the granulated slag P and temporarily retain the granulated slag P upstream thereof. 1 are arranged at an interval perpendicular to the transport direction at the upper portion of the sieve surface 14 at intervals that the area of the classified classification area becomes smaller toward the downstream side in the transport direction.

  The classification process proceeds as it is transported from the upstream side to the downstream side, and the volume of the classification target object decreases toward the downstream side. Therefore, the retention region R of the granulated slag P formed on the upstream side of the weir 1 is smaller toward the downstream side. Become. If arranged in this way, the area of the classification region R partitioned by the weir 1 becomes smaller toward the downstream side in the transport direction. Therefore, even if the screen surface has a short length in the transport direction, the screen surface is effectively used to improve efficiency. Therefore, it is possible to reduce the size of the apparatus.

  As shown in FIG. 2, the granulated slag P introduced into the sieve surface 14 aggregates fine slags through water and grows in a lump shape due to vibration, or adheres around the coarse slag. It reaches the weir 1 on the most upstream side while growing like a lump, and is temporarily retained there. At this time, the staying agglomerate and the net or the agglomerates contact or collide with each other and are gradually dispersed in the state before agglomeration, and fine slag falls downward from the sieve surface 14. The granulated slag P jumped over the weir 1 and conveyed downstream reaches the next weir 1 installed on the downstream side, is temporarily retained, and is classified while being dispersed in the same manner as described above. By repeating such distributed classification processing, classification is performed efficiently.

  In the present embodiment, the distance from the upstream side to the downstream side gradually decreases from 100 mm, and the height from the sieve surface 14 is about 7 mm, which is slightly lower than half of the vibration width 16 mm of the sieve surface 14. A plurality of dams 1 having a height are arranged, and granulated slag having a certain particle size is configured to jump over the dams 14 by vibration and be conveyed downstream.

  The classification process proceeds as it is conveyed from the upstream side to the downstream side, and the volume of the classification object decreases toward the downstream side. Therefore, the area of the classification region defined by the weir 14 decreases so as to decrease toward the downstream side in the conveyance direction. By arranging the above, even if the sieve surface has a short length in the conveying direction, it can be efficiently classified by effectively using the sieve surface, and the apparatus can be downsized.

  The height of the weir 1 is preferably set to a height at which the particle size having a sieve opening size jumps due to the impact with the net, and the higher the dispersion effect is, the higher the classification accuracy is. Large size particles are difficult to be discharged from the sieve surface to the outside of the sieve surface. If the particle size is lowered, the classification processing time will be shortened, but the classification accuracy will be lowered, so it may be set according to the target classification accuracy and processing time. .

  As shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b), the side plate 13a of the screen mechanism 13 is provided with a mounting plate 13b having longitudinal grooves 13c formed at predetermined intervals so as to project inwardly. 1 is detachably attached by fitting the end 1a of the weir 1 from above into the longitudinal groove 13c.

  As shown in FIG. 5 (a), the weirs 1 are arranged at equal intervals as shown in FIG. 5 (b), in addition to those that are installed so that the intervals gradually become narrower from the upstream side toward the downstream side. It may be installed, or may be arranged in a zigzag shape with one end open as shown in FIG. In this case, since the granulated slag P moves along the arrangement direction of the dam 1 while the pulverized slag P is retained and dispersed by the weir 1, the sieving distance of the granulated slag is increased, and the conveying direction is increased. The classification processing efficiency per length can be improved. In addition, as shown in FIGS. 5D and 5E, the weir 1 can be tilted from the direction orthogonal to the conveying direction of the slag 1, and the tilt angle can be alternately switched. Classification processing efficiency per conveyance direction length can be improved. Moreover, you may combine these forms suitably. The weir 1 should just be arrange | positioned with the attitude | position which cross | intersects a conveyance direction at least to the upstream of the sieve surface 14. FIG.

  Further, the material constituting the weir 1 is preferably made of an elastic member such as rubber or synthetic resin, and the cross-sectional shape thereof may be a rectangle shown in FIG. 6 (a) or FIG. 6 (b). It may be a triangular shape, a trapezoidal shape as shown in FIG. 6C, or a circular shape as shown in FIG.

  Returning to FIG. 1, a guide member 2 made of a rubber plate suspended from and supported by a support arm provided above is disposed at the center in the transport direction of the upstream classification regions R <b> 1 and R <b> 2 defined by the weir 1. The amount of the granulated slag P conveyed downstream on the sieve surface 14 is configured to be adjustable. When the height of the lower end edge of the guide member 2 from the sieve surface 14 is set to be slightly lower than the height of the weir 1, when a large amount of granulated slag P is conveyed to the weir 1 at a time, the weir is not dispersed. This avoids the inconvenience of exceeding 1.

  As shown in FIG. 3 (a), the guide member 2 may be installed in all classification areas, or may be installed only in several upstream areas as shown in FIG. 3 (b). Good. What is necessary is just to set these arrangement | positioning suitably with the ratio of the input amount of the granulated slag P, and the conveyance processing amount.

  Although not shown in FIG. 1, if fine particles adhere to the screen mesh during the classification process, clogging occurs and the classification process is obstructed, so a cleaning mechanism is provided to remove clogging on the sieve surface. ing. The cleaning mechanism includes a guide rail installed below the screen along the side plate, a brush mechanism that cleans the lower portion of the sieve surface along the guide rail, and a drive mechanism that periodically operates the brush mechanism. It is configured.

  The cleaning mechanism is not limited to such a configuration, and includes a drive mechanism that operates the brush mechanism up and down with respect to the screen, and the brush tip is cleaned by entering the screen mesh. It may be such that clogging is eliminated by applying an impact with a tapping ball from below the screen surface, or clogging due to pulsed air or blower air is eliminated. May be.

A screen having a length of 2700 mm, a width of 270 mm, and a mesh size of 5 mm is provided with a weir having a height of 7 mm from the sieve surface with a vibration width of 16 mm and an arrangement as shown in FIG. When the granulated slag was continuously charged at 200 Kg / h by a vibration sieve device equipped with a slag of less than 5 mm toward the over side as shown in Table 1 below, the slag transfer rate of less than 5 mm was 1.45%, and classification Satisfactory results were obtained.

  In the above-described embodiment, the example in which the classification target object is the granulated slag has been described. However, the present invention is not limited to this, and properties such that wet fine particles adhere to each other through vibration and grow in a lump shape. If it is a thing, the vibration sieve apparatus by this invention can be used.

  It should be noted that the specific configuration of each part described in the above embodiment is merely an example, and it is needless to say that the shape, dimensions, materials, and the like can be appropriately changed and designed within the scope of the effects of the present invention. .

(A) is explanatory drawing which looked at the vibration sieve apparatus by this invention from the front, (b) was explanatory drawing seen from the side Explanatory diagram of the process of wet classification objects growing in bulk Explanatory drawing of arrangement of weir and guide member (A) is explanatory drawing which shows the cross section of the attachment part of a weir, (b) is explanatory drawing which looked at the attachment part of the weir from the upper direction Explanatory diagram of weir arrangement as seen from above Sectional view showing the shape of the weir

Explanation of symbols

1: Weir 2: Guide member 10: Vibrating sieve device 13: Screen mechanism 14: Sieve surface 16: First collection unit 17: Second collection unit 18: Excitation mechanism P: Classification object S: Screen

Claims (6)

A vibration sieve device that includes a screen mechanism on which a sieve surface is formed, and an excitation mechanism that vibrates the screen mechanism, and performs classification while transporting a classification target that has been input to the screen mechanism,
The sieve surface provided in the screen mechanism is partitioned into a plurality of classification regions along the conveyance direction of the classification target object, and a plurality of weirs that temporarily retain the classification target object cross the conveyance direction above the sieve surface. Vibrating sieve device arranged in posture.   The vibration sieve device according to claim 1, wherein a guide member that adjusts a conveyance amount of the classification target object is arranged on an upper part of the sieve surface partitioned by the weir.   The vibration sieve device according to claim 1, further comprising a cleaning mechanism that removes clogging of the sieve surface.   The vibration sieve device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the classification target is provided with a property that has cohesiveness and / or adhesion properties by adhesion water, or a combination of both properties.   A plurality of weirs used in the vibrating sieve device according to any one of claims 1 to 4 and partitioned into a plurality of classification regions along a conveyance direction of the classification target object and temporarily retaining the classification target object in the conveyance direction. A mesh of sieves placed in an intersecting position. A vibration sieving method in which the screen mechanism on which the sieving surface is formed is vibrated and classified while conveying the classified object to be charged,
A classification target that throws a classification target from the upstream side of the sieve surface provided with a plurality of weirs from the upstream side to the downstream side in a posture that intersects the transport direction, classifies while temporarily staying in the weir, and jumps over the weir A vibration sieving method that repeats the classification process by temporarily retaining an object in the next weir.