JP2008136412A - Method for producing sparkling alcoholic beverage - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a method for producing a sparkling alcoholic beverage having an excellent flavor and foam retention without causing a production problem and to provide the sparkling alcoholic beverage produced by the production method. <P>SOLUTION: The method for producing the sparkling alcoholic beverage comprises using a protein hydrolyzate having a weight-average molecular weight of 10,000-50,000 as a part of a fermentation raw material liquid before a fermentation with yeast. The sparkling alcoholic beverage is produced by the production method. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a method for producing an effervescent alcoholic beverage using a proteolysate and an effervescent alcoholic beverage produced by the production method.

  In recent years, as a new alcoholic beverage following beer, sparkling liquor using many ingredients other than malt, such as rice and corn starch, and beer-like sparkling alcoholic beverages that do not use any malt (a sparkling alcohol with a beer-like flavor Beverage) was developed. However, sparkling liquor and beer-like sparkling alcoholic beverages have a problem that flavor and foam quality are inferior to beer. In particular, foam is an important appearance quality for beers, and the poor foam retention reduces the attractiveness of happoshu and the like for consumers, and improvement of foam quality is strongly desired. .

  Various methods have been disclosed in order to solve problems such as flavor and foam quality of happoshu. For example, since beer foam is derived from malt-derived foam protein, there is a method of improving foam retention by adding soy protein in order to compensate for the lack of foaming protein.

On the other hand, as a method using a degradation product of soy protein, for example, (1) In a method for producing a fermented alcoholic beverage such as beer or miscellaneous sake, beer yeast high capital such as wheat gluten or soy protein is used as part of the raw material. By using a degradation product of a protein raw material containing a high level of volatile amino acids or a preparation thereof, it promotes fermentation by brewer's yeast, enhances the taste and flavor, and has a clean taste with no off-flavors or immature odors, and A method for producing a fermented alcoholic beverage with a body feeling is disclosed (for example, see Patent Document 1).
In addition, (2) by adding a peptide having an average molecular weight of 200 to 4,000 to the fermentation raw material liquid at the time before the initial stage of the main fermentation and performing fermentation, a beer having an unprecedented flavor can be produced. The manufacturing method of the novel beer is disclosed (for example, refer patent document 2).
JP 2006-158268 A Japanese Patent No. 3547532

However, if soy protein is added as it is, the viscosity of the liquid increases, causing problems in production such as delayed filtration. In addition, soy protein has a problem of low solubility and poor utilization efficiency.
On the other hand, the method of (1) and (2) solves the problem of flavor and lowers the viscosity of the liquid and solves problems such as filtration delay. There is no mention of improvement.

  An object of the present invention is to provide a method for producing a sparkling alcoholic beverage having excellent flavor and foam without causing problems in production, and a sparkling alcoholic beverage produced by the manufacturing method.

  As a result of diligent research to solve the above-mentioned problems, the present inventors have studied using the degree of degradation of soybean protein as an index, and as a raw material for fermentation raw material liquid before fermentation, a proteolytic product of an appropriate size is used. By using it, it was found that a sparkling alcoholic beverage excellent in flavor and foam could be produced without causing problems in production, and the present invention was completed.

That is, in the method for producing an effervescent alcoholic beverage, a proteolytic product having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 50,000 is used as one of raw materials of a fermentation raw material liquid before fermentation with yeast. A method for producing an alcoholic beverage is provided.
Moreover, the said proteolysate is mixed before the boiling process of a fermentation raw material liquid, or during a boiling process, The manufacturing method of a sparkling alcoholic beverage characterized by the above-mentioned is provided.
Moreover, this invention provides the manufacturing method of a sparkling alcoholic beverage whose weight average molecular weights of the said protein degradation product are 13,000-43,000.
Moreover, this invention provides the manufacturing method of a sparkling alcoholic beverage whose weight average molecular weights of the said protein degradation product are 15,000-35,000.
Moreover, this invention provides the manufacturing method of a sparkling alcoholic beverage whose said protein degradation product is a soybean protein degradation product.
The present invention also provides a method for producing a sparkling alcoholic beverage, wherein the proteolytic product is mixed with one or more selected from the group consisting of liquid sugar, nitrogen source, hops, pigments, and hot water. To do.
Moreover, this invention provides the sparkling alcoholic beverage manufactured by the manufacturing method of one of the said sparkling alcoholic beverages.

According to the present invention, it is possible to produce a sparkling alcoholic beverage with excellent foam retention. Foaming is an important factor for consumers to select a sparkling alcoholic beverage, and it is expected that the sparkling alcoholic beverage produced by the production method according to the present invention will have a superior appearance quality. Is done.
In addition, since the liquid viscosity is lowered, production problems such as filtration delay are solved, and the production of excessive flavor components such as esters is suppressed. As a result, the foamability produced by the production method according to the present invention The preference of alcoholic beverages is improved.
Providing a proteolysate of the optimum size for foam retention in advance and mixing it with the fermentation raw material liquid enables us to produce foamable alcoholic beverages with good foam retention and flavor with good reproducibility. It is also preferable for quality control.
Furthermore, as a result of improving the utilization efficiency of protein degradation products, an improvement in production cost is also expected.

  The effervescent alcoholic beverage in the present invention means a beverage that has effervescence by carbon dioxide gas and contains alcohol, regardless of the classification under the liquor tax law. Therefore, sparkling alcoholic beverages include beer, sparkling alcohol, sparkling alcoholic beverages that do not use malt. Of these, sparkling alcoholic beverages that do not use sparkling liquor or malt are preferred.

  First, the manufacturing process of a general sparkling alcoholic beverage will be shown. The case where malt is used as a raw material and the case where malt is not used as a raw material are shown separately.

  A sparkling alcoholic beverage that uses malt such as beer or sparkling liquor as a raw material is manufactured in the following steps. First, warm water is added to the crushed material of malt, which is the main ingredient, and starch, such as rice and corn starch, which is the auxiliary ingredient, mixed and heated, and the starch is saccharified mainly using malt enzymes. . Hops are added to the filtrate obtained by filtering this saccharified solution and boiled. Hops may be mixed at any stage from the start of boiling to the end of boiling. After boiling, precipitates such as hop cake are removed in a tank called a whirlpool and cooled to an appropriate fermentation temperature with a plate cooler. The cooled filtrate is inoculated with yeast and fermented. Next, after aging the obtained fermentation broth, yeast and proteins are removed by filtration to obtain the desired sparkling alcoholic beverage.

  When producing an effervescent alcoholic beverage that does not use malt, liquid sugar containing a carbon source, nitrogen source as an amino acid-containing material other than wheat or malt, hops, pigments, etc. are mixed with warm water, and a liquid sugar solution To prepare. The liquid sugar solution is boiled in the same manner as in the production process of an effervescent alcoholic beverage using malt as a raw material, and after removing precipitates such as hop koji and cooling, inoculating and fermenting with yeast, filtering. Thus, the desired sparkling alcoholic beverage is obtained. Hops may be mixed with the liquid sugar solution during boiling, not before the start of boiling.

  Raw materials such as crushed malt used in the present invention, starch such as rice and corn starch, hops, liquid sugar containing carbon source, nitrogen source as amino acid-containing material other than wheat or malt, pigments and the like are particularly limited. What is normally used when manufacturing an effervescent alcoholic beverage can be used in the quantity normally used.

  The proteolysate used in the present invention may be any of a plant-derived, animal-derived or microorganism-derived protein-degraded product, and a soybean protein-degraded product is particularly preferable. This is because soybean has very excellent nutritional properties and has good digestibility, so that it can meet the increasing consumer health orientation in recent years.

  The proteolysate used in the present invention may be a product obtained by decomposing after extraction / purification / separation from a tissue such as a plant or a culture solution as a raw material. For example, a soybean protein degradation product can be obtained by water-extracting defatted soybean obtained by defatting soybean, acid-precipitating it, preparing a separated soybean protein curd, and decomposing it. The degradation method is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of partially degrading proteins. For example, there are decomposition by heat and pressure, decomposition by acid and alkali, and decomposition by enzyme. Degradation with an enzyme is preferable because it is simple and easy to control the process.

  The enzyme is not particularly limited as long as it is a proteolytic enzyme. Any commercially available proteolytic enzyme may be used, or a combination thereof may be used. Enzymes with high exo-protease activity produce a large amount of short-chain peptides and free amino acids. Therefore, enzymes with high endo-type protease activity are better than enzymes with high exo-protease activity to partially degrade proteins. preferable.

  The proteolysate having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 50,000 used in the present invention is obtained by the above method. When the proteolysate obtained by the above method is not in the range of weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 50,000, the proteolysate is separated according to size, and the weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 50,000 is large. This can be obtained by purifying the proteolytic product. The separation method is not particularly limited as long as it is a method capable of separating the proteolysate by size. For example, only a target protein degradation product can be isolated and purified from a protein degradation product having a mixed size by gel permeation chromatography, filtration, electrophoresis, or centrifugation.

  Furthermore, the proteolysate used in the present invention may have any size as long as it has a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 50,000. Use of a proteolysate having a weight average molecular weight of less than 10,000 is not functionally preferable because the foam retention effect is low and esters are excessively synthesized. On the other hand, when a protein degradation product having a weight average molecular weight of more than 50,000 is used, the viscosity of the liquid rises, resulting in a manufacturing problem in that the post-fermentation filtration and the bottling process for shipping are delayed. In particular, a proteolysate having a weight average molecular weight of 13,000 to 43,000 is preferable, and a proteolysate having a weight average molecular weight of 15,000 to 35,000 is more preferable. This is because the foaming property is remarkably improved, and the palatability is improved by suppressing excessive synthesis of flavor components.

The fermentation raw material liquid before fermentation by yeast used in the present invention is a mixture obtained by mixing a proteolytic product with a solution that is boiled in the production process of the sparkling alcoholic beverage. That is, in the case of an effervescent alcoholic beverage that uses malt as a raw material, in the case of an effervescent alcoholic beverage that does not use malt, liquid sugar or the like was mixed with the filtrate obtained by filtering the saccharified solution. Proteolytic products are mixed with the liquid sugar solution.
The proteolysate may be mixed with the fermentation raw material liquid at any stage before boiling and before fermentation, and is selected from the group consisting of liquid sugar containing a carbon source, nitrogen source, hops, pigment, hot water, and the like 1 You may mix with the above. For example, when adding a hop in the middle of boiling, you may mix a protein degradation product with a hop.

  Mixing after the end of fermentation is not preferable because precipitation and turbidity are caused by the mixed protein degradation product. Proteolysis products are slightly denatured by heating during boiling, and proteins that cause precipitation or turbidity can be removed by sedimentation.Proteolysis products to be mixed to improve foam retention can be used before or during the boiling treatment of the fermentation raw material liquid. It is preferable to mix.

  The amount of the proteolysate used as a part of the fermentation raw material liquid is not particularly limited, but is preferably 0.01% (weight / volume) to 3% (weight / volume) in the fermentation raw material liquid.

  More specifically, for example, in the case of an effervescent alcoholic beverage using malt as a raw material, the soy protein degradation product is mixed at the start of boiling of the filtrate obtained by filtering the saccharified solution in a normal production process, and 95 Boil at ~ 105 ° C. In the case of an effervescent alcoholic beverage that does not use malt, a soybean protein degradation product is mixed with a required amount of liquid sugar, nitrogen source, caramel, hops and hot water in a boiling kettle and boiled in the same manner. Although boiling time is not specifically limited, 60 minutes-100 minutes are preferable.

  After boiling treatment, remove the precipitate such as hop koji from the fermentation raw material liquid, cool it, inoculate the yeast, ferment and mature, and remove the yeast and protein by filtration to obtain the desired sparkling alcoholic beverage Obtainable. The method of removing the precipitate, cooling, fermentation, etc. is not particularly limited, and can be carried out by a method usually used for producing a sparkling alcoholic beverage. The yeast used for fermentation is not particularly limited, but yeast belonging to the genus Saccharomyces is preferable from the viewpoint of safety, availability and the like.

  Next, although an analysis example and a test example are shown and this invention is demonstrated further in detail, this invention is not limited to the following analysis examples and test examples. In addition, this invention is not limited to when malt is not used as a raw material, It corresponds also when using malt as a raw material.

(Analysis example)
A soybean protein degradation product solution diluted with 50 mM phosphate buffer (1% (weight / volume) SDS, 1.2% (weight / volume) NaCl, pH 7.0) was subjected to ultrasonic treatment for 10 minutes. And then filtered using a 0.2 μm filter. The obtained filtrate was passed through a TSK G3000SWXL column (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation), and the soy proteolysate was eluted using the phosphate buffer. The soy protein degradation product was detected by measuring the absorbance at 220 nm. Thereby, the weight average molecular weight of the proteolysate separated and purified in each fraction was calculated from a chart obtained using GPC software (manufactured by Tosoh Corporation). Molecular weight markers are 670,000 (Thyrogloblin, Wako Pure Chemical Industries), 67,000 (Albumin, SIGMA), 20,150 (Trypsin inhibitor from Glycine max; soybean, SIGMA), 5,807 (Insulin, SIGMA), 1 , 627 (Neurotensin, SIGMA), 426 (Leupeptin, SIGMA).

(Test Example 1)
Soy proteolysis with weight average molecular weights of about 7,000, about 13,000, about 25,000, about 43,000, and about 55,000 by varying the amount of enzyme having endoprotease activity and reaction time I got a thing.

Mixing 40 kg of liquid sugar, 0.5 kg of yeast extract, 0.2 kg of caramel, 0.02 kg of hops, and 0.5 kg of soybean protein degradation product obtained by the above method, and adding about 160 L of warm water, about 200 L of fermentation raw material The liquid was adjusted. The fermentation raw material liquid was boiled at 100 ° C. for 90 minutes, and then hop koji was removed with a whirlpool. After adding 20 L of warm water to about 180 L of fermentation raw material liquid (sugar content 14%) after the removal to prepare a sugar content of 12.6%, the plate was cooled to 5 ° C. with a plate cooler to obtain about 170 liters of cooled fermentation raw material liquid. . The cooled fermentation raw material liquid was transferred to a fermentation tank, inoculated with 25 × 10 ⁶ muddy yeast per 1 ml of juice, and fermented at 10 ° C. for 168 hours. The obtained fermentation broth was aged (post-fermented) for 7 days at -1 ° C. The obtained fermented liquor was subjected to diatomaceous earth filtration using a candle filter to remove yeast, protein, and the like, and the intended effervescent alcoholic beverage (alcohol content 5%, malt use ratio 0%) was obtained.

The obtained five sparkling alcoholic beverages were subjected to physicochemical analysis, sensory test, and diatomaceous earth filtration test. Table 1 shows the results of the physicochemical analysis, Table 2 shows the results of the sensory test, and Table 3 shows the results of the diatomite filtration test.
Physicochemical analysis of sparkling alcoholic beverages has been adopted by both organizations of the American Society of Brewing Chemists (ASBC) and the European Brewery Convention (EBC), and was performed in accordance with the analysis method that is the international standard for beer analysis. (Brew Brewery Association, "BCOJ Beer Analysis Method" 1996). Specifically, the NIBEM value and viscosity of each effervescent alcoholic beverage were measured, and three flavor components (ethyl acetate, isoamyl alcohol, β-phenethyl alcohol) were quantified. The NIBEM value is a value obtained by measuring the collapse rate of the poured foam by electric conductivity, and is generally used for foam evaluation of beer and the like.
The sensory test was carried out in accordance with the sensory evaluation method adopted by both the ASBC and EBC organizations, which are also international standards for beer sensory evaluation (by the Beer Brewery Association, “BCOJ Sensory Evaluation Method” 2002). Specifically, it was conducted by 10 panelists of beer brewing engineers, and the taste, beer-like flavor (beer taste), and foam texture were evaluated in five stages.
The diatomaceous earth filtration test was conducted by measuring the degree of increase in the differential pressure of the candle filter when the sparkling alcoholic beverage was subjected to diatomaceous earth filtration using a candle type system.

  From the physicochemical analysis results, it was found that the higher the weight average molecular weight of the soy protein degradation product used, the better the foam retention and the lower the flavor components such as ethyl acetate. In particular, flavor components are significantly reduced in a sparkling alcoholic beverage using a soy protein hydrolyzate having a weight average molecular weight of about 13,000 or more, and a soy protein hydrolyzate having a weight average molecular weight of about 25,000 or more is used. It is clear that the foam retention is significantly improved in the sparkling alcoholic beverage. On the other hand, regarding the viscosity, the sparkling alcoholic beverage using the soy protein hydrolyzate having a weight average molecular weight of about 55,000 and the sparkling alcoholic beverage using the soy protein hydrolyzate having a weight average molecular weight of about 43,000 or less and In comparison, it turned out to be abruptly higher.

  From the results of the sensory test, the effervescent alcoholic beverage using the soybean protein degradation product having a weight average molecular weight of about 7,000 has a strong ester (flavoring component) and is not preferred in terms of functionality, but the weight average molecular weight is about 13,000. It is clear that the effervescent alcoholic beverage using the soybean protein degradation product described above exhibits good sensory characteristics and has improved palatability.

  As a result of the diatomite filtration test, in the effervescent alcoholic beverage using the soybean protein degradation product having a weight average molecular weight of about 55,000, a sudden increase in the differential pressure is recognized, the filtration becomes impossible, and the filtration amount is greatly reduced. Was recognized. Therefore, it is clear that production problems such as filtration delay occur when a soybean protein degradation product having a weight average molecular weight of more than 50,000 is used.

  From the results of the above test examples, by using a soybean protein hydrolyzate having a weight average molecular weight of about 10,000 to 50,000, it has foam and flavor without causing problems in production such as filtration delay. It is clear that a good sparkling alcoholic beverage can be produced. In particular, it can be seen that by using a soybean protein degradation product having a weight average molecular weight of about 15,000 to 35,000, both foam retention and flavor of the sparkling alcoholic beverage are remarkably improved.

(Test Example 2)
Next, a test was conducted except that the time when the soy protein hydrolyzate having a weight average molecular weight of about 25,000 was mixed was at the start of boiling, during boiling (30 minutes before the end of boiling), and at the end of fermentation. In the same manner as in Example 1, a sparkling alcoholic beverage was obtained.

  The obtained three sparkling alcoholic beverages were subjected to physicochemical analysis. Each analysis was performed using the final bottled product. Specifically, the NIBEM value and turbidity (EBC) of each sparkling alcoholic beverage were measured. The measurement results are shown in Table 4.

From the results of Test Example 2, it is possible to obtain a foaming alcoholic beverage with good foaming properties by mixing the soy proteolysate with the fermentation raw material liquid before or during boiling, rather than mixing it after the end of fermentation. all right.
Moreover, it turned out that the effervescent alcoholic beverage at the time of mixing a soybean protein degradation product after completion | finish of fermentation has high turbidity compared with what was mixed before the boiling process or during the boiling process. A sparkling alcoholic beverage having high turbidity, i.e., turbidity, is unfavorable because of poor appearance quality. Therefore, it is clear that it is preferable to mix the proteolysate before fermentation, particularly before or during the boiling treatment of the fermentation raw material liquid.

  The method for producing an effervescent alcoholic beverage according to the present invention can provide an effervescent alcoholic beverage with excellent flavor and foam without causing problems in production, and is used in the field of producing an effervescent alcoholic beverage. Is possible.

The outline of the manufacturing process of the effervescent alcoholic beverage which does not use malt is shown.

Claims (7)

  In the method for producing a sparkling alcoholic beverage, a proteolysate having a weight average molecular weight of 10,000 to 50,000 is used as one of the raw materials of the fermentation raw material liquid before fermentation with yeast. Manufacturing method.   The method for producing an effervescent alcoholic beverage according to claim 1, wherein the protein degradation product is mixed before or during the boiling treatment of the fermentation raw material liquid.   The manufacturing method of the sparkling alcoholic beverage of Claim 1 or 2 whose weight average molecular weights of the said protein degradation product are 13,000-43,000.   The manufacturing method of the sparkling alcoholic beverage of Claim 1 or 2 whose weight average molecular weights of the said protein degradation product are 15,000-35,000.   The manufacturing method of the sparkling alcoholic beverage in any one of Claims 1-4 whose said protein degradation product is a soybean protein degradation product.   The effervescent alcoholic beverage according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the proteolytic product is mixed with one or more selected from the group consisting of liquid sugar, nitrogen source, hops, pigments, and hot water. Production method.   The sparkling alcoholic beverage manufactured by the manufacturing method of the sparkling alcoholic beverage in any one of Claims 1-6.

Images