JP2008125427A - Innovative heating method, its use and apparatus - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a heating/sterilizing method and its apparatus for detoxifying a heat by-product by means of a gaseous liquid/hot water mixing system. <P>SOLUTION: The method of heating/sterilizing a material to be processed for detoxifying the heat by-product includes steps of continuously spraying hot water and/or steam heated to 100°C or higher into a heating chamber of a semi-closed space heated to the similar or higher temperature to generate water droplets and wet-heated steam, replacing the air in the heating chamber with the droplets and steam to fill the chamber with a gas component having a composition of humidity of 95% or higher and an oxygen concentration of 1% or low and kept at a temperature region of 90-180°C, spraying 100%-wetted steam to the gaseous liquid to stably form a highly compound heating medium consisting of the hot water, water droplets and steam, and subjecting the material to be heated to a successive amplitude heating with a temperature difference of at least 10°C in the temperature region by the compound heating medium. The apparatus for the method is also provided. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a heating method for heating a material to be treated and simultaneously detoxifying the heating by-product, and more specifically, gaseous water using a water gas as a heating medium (hereinafter referred to as “aqua gas”). (Registered trademark) or “AQG” may be used, and the heating byproduct is detoxified at the same time (hereinafter referred to as “heating byproduct detoxification heating”). ) (Hereinafter sometimes referred to as “heating byproduct detoxification heating method”) and its apparatus. The present invention relates to a heating by-product detoxification heating method using gaseous water / hot water that heats the material to be treated in gaseous water / hot water atmosphere formed by replacing the heating chamber with gaseous water and 100% wet steam. The present invention provides a heating by-product detoxification production method for a heat-treated product by the method, and a heating by-product detoxification heating apparatus using gaseous water and hot water for use in the method.

  In general, as a heating method using heated steam, for example, so-called steam heating (steaming) using saturated steam, high-pressure steam heating using high-pressure steam generated from a boiler is known, and also generated from a boiler. Superheated steam heating using high-temperature and high-pressure superheated steam (superheated steam) formed by further heating high-pressure steam to a higher temperature is known. Among these, the steam heating is a method of heating the material to be treated by so-called “steaming” by filling water vapor generated by heating water to about 100 to 120 ° C. into the heating chamber. Further, high-pressure steam heating using high-pressure steam of a boiler is a method in which a material to be treated is heat-treated using saturated steam that has been pressurized and heated to a heat source.

  On the other hand, the above-mentioned superheated steam heating is performed by further heating the high-pressure steam generated from the boiler to a temperature higher than 140 ° C., and injecting and filling the heat energy metastable superheated steam into the heating chamber. This is a method of heat-treating a material. In this method, since a dry high-temperature and high-pressure atmosphere is formed by superheated steam, this heating method is used as a heating means close to firing. The above superheated steam heating can use dry steam that is high temperature and pressure, high calorie, and metastable in terms of thermal energy.For example, food heating and baking means, agricultural and livestock product waste baking means, wood, etc. The application technique is widely proposed as a carbonization means, a cleaning means for a metal material surface, etc. (see Patent Documents 1 to 5).

  However, this type of heating method requires, for example, a boiler that generates high-temperature and high-pressure steam, and high-temperature heating means that further heats the high-temperature and high-pressure steam from the boiler, increases the size of the facility, High temperature and high pressure superheated steam is injected, so energy loss is large and it is not efficient compared to existing firing methods, so-called normal steam heating is often sufficient, and there is little need to use superheated steam heating. In addition, there are problems such as being unsuitable for a small amount of processing and having a distance in practical use because the firing effect has not been sufficiently verified yet, and these problems have not been solved yet.

  In particular, conventional heating methods as means for heating and baking foods and foods, for example, direct heating using various gases such as superheated steam, city gas and propane, and various heaters using electricity or gas as an energy source, etc. However, it lacks means for appropriately and rationally treating various by-products by-produced from foods and foods by heating, in particular, fats and oils, oil smoke and their odors. As a result, various by-products produced as a by-product of heating are not limited to an increase in environmental burden or deterioration of the work environment, for business use other than household use, such as for food processing industry and restaurant industry kitchens. The industry has been forced to increase the burden of rationalization investment as a countermeasure, and this has led to an increase in product prices, and eventually the cost increase has been borne by consumers. Is the actual situation.

Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 06-090677 JP 2001-061655 A JP 2001-214177 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-323085 JP 2002-194362 A

  In such a situation, in view of the prior art, the present inventors have conducted intensive research and development to develop a completely new steam heating method different from the normal steam heating and the superheated steam heating. As a result of repeated studies, the conventional method does not necessarily fully utilize the characteristics of water as a gas, and replaces the heating chamber with water gas to form a “gas water” atmosphere. Has already been filed (Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-358236), and found that a new heating system using water vapor, which is essentially different from the conventional method, can be realized. Although the drawbacks of the prior art have been greatly improved by the invention, as an industrial heating and baking technique, there still remains a major problem in the rational detoxification of heating by-products. As a result of tackling the further evolution of the gaseous water technology and accumulating various researches, it was found that this last obstacle can be overcome by injecting 100% wet water vapor into the gaseous water, and the present invention has been completed. It was.

  The present invention is a new “hybrid gas water” (hereinafter referred to as “h-AQG”) formed by injecting hot water into “gas water”, which is completely different from conventional steam heating and superheated steam heating. It is an object of the present invention to provide a heating by-product detoxification heating method. In addition, the present invention provides an apparatus for generating “hybrid gas water” used in the heating byproduct abatement heating method using the “hybrid gas water” and a heating byproduct abatement heating apparatus using “hybrid gas water”. Is intended to provide.

  Furthermore, the present invention replaces the heating chamber with a gas of water to form a gas component (gaseous water) having a humidity of 99.0% or more and an oxygen concentration of 1.0% or less, and at the same time, 100% wet water vapor. A combined heating medium comprising hot water, fine water droplets and water vapor, a method of stably forming a hybrid type gaseous water “h-AQG”, and a material to be processed in an “h-AQG” atmosphere formed by the method It is an object of the present invention to provide a method for heating by-product detoxification, a method for producing a heat-treated product by the method, and an apparatus therefor.

The present invention for solving the above-described problems comprises the following technical means.
(1) A heating by-product detoxification heating method for heating a material to be treated and simultaneously detoxifying the heating by-product, wherein:
1) Hot water and / or water vapor heated to 100 ° C. or higher is continuously sprayed into a heating chamber of a semi-enclosed space heated to the same temperature or higher to generate fine water droplets and wet hot water vapor.
2) A gas component (gas) having a composition with a humidity of 95% or more and an oxygen concentration of 1% or less, maintained in a temperature range of 90 to 180 ° C., by substituting the air in the heating chamber with the fine water droplets and wet heat steam. Water),
3) 100% wet water vapor is injected into the gaseous water to stably form a composite heating medium composed of hot water, fine water droplets, and water vapor.
4) The material to be heated is subjected to continuous amplitude heating with a temperature difference of at least 10 ° C. in the above temperature range with the above-described composite heating medium, and the material to be processed is heat-treated.
A heating by-product detoxification heating method for a material to be treated.
(2) A heat-treated food or food is produced by heating the food or food by the heating by-product detoxification heating method described in (1) and simultaneously detoxifying the heated by-product. A method for producing a heat-treated food or food.
(3) Heating and sterilizing food or food by the heating byproduct detoxification heating method described in (1) above, and simultaneously heating and sterilizing the heating byproduct, thereby producing a heating and sterilizing processed food or food A method for producing a heat-sterilized food or food, characterized in that:
(4) A device for generating a composite heating medium (hybrid type gaseous water) composed of hot water, fine water droplets, and water vapor, which generates and jets hot water and / or water vapor heated to 100 ° C. or higher, A heating chamber filled with hot water and / or water vapor, 100% wet water vapor generation and injection means are provided, and the hot water and / or water vapor generated by the hot water and / or water vapor generation means is injected. And continuously injecting into the heating chamber through the means, generating fine water droplets and wet heat steam, filling the heating chamber with a gas component (gas water) held in a temperature range of 90 to 180 ° C. The steam generated by the 100% wet steam generation means is injected through the injection means to generate a composite heating medium (hybrid gas water) composed of hot water, fine water droplets and steam in the heating chamber. Composite heating medium generating apparatus is characterized in that so as to.
(5) A heating by-product detoxification heating device that heats the material to be treated and simultaneously detoxifies the heating by-product, and includes the combined heating medium generator described in (4) above. A heating by-product detoxification heating apparatus, wherein the heating chamber is a heating chamber for heat-treating a material to be processed.

Next, the present invention will be described in more detail.
In the heating method of the present invention, hot water and / or water vapor heated to 100 ° C. or higher is continuously injected into a heating chamber of a semi-enclosed space heated to the same temperature or higher to produce fine water droplets and wet hot water vapor. Generating, substituting the air in the heating chamber with the fine water droplets and wet heat steam, and having a composition with a humidity of 95% or more and an oxygen concentration of 1% or less, and a gas component held in a temperature range of 90 to 180 ° C. Filling with 100% wet water vapor, stably forming a highly complex heating medium consisting of hot water, fine water droplets and water vapor, and the above-mentioned hot water, fine water droplets and water vapor to the material to be treated The heat treatment is performed by performing continuous amplitude heating with a temperature difference of at least 10 ° C. in the temperature region.

  In the present invention, the “combined heating medium” (h-AQG) composed of hot water, fine water droplets and water vapor is partially generated by hot water generated from 100% wet water vapor, high-humidity hot water vapor and condensation thereof. The dry heat steam means high dry steam partially generated by drying the wet heat steam. In the present invention, the material to be treated is subjected to a continuous amplitude heating at a temperature difference of at least 10 ° C. in the temperature range of 90 to 180 ° C. with the hot water, fine water droplets, and water vapor. The continuous amplitude heating of the temperature difference means continuous heating with an amplitude of a temperature difference exceeding 10 ° C. in a short time in a temperature range of 90 to 180 ° C. In the present invention, for example, the material to be treated can be continuously heated with an amplitude of a temperature difference of 10 to 50 ° C. In the present invention, the mixed state of the hot water, fine water droplets and water vapor is referred to as hybrid type gas water (hybrid type “Aquagas” (registered trademark)).

  In the present invention, the heating chamber is heated to a predetermined temperature exceeding 100 ° C., hot water and / or water vapor is introduced into the heating chamber, the heating chamber is replaced with water gas (gaseous water), and the oxygen concentration The material to be heated is heated in an atmosphere in which water vapor in a 100% wet state is jetted into gaseous water formed by lowering the content to 1.0% or less. In the present invention, the heating chamber is composed of a predetermined quasi-closed system space in which the material to be heated can be heated while being cut off from the outside air. The heating chamber is preferably, for example, for placing the material to be heated. A semi-enclosed space having an openable and closable door part in which a glass window part is partially formed is exemplified. The heating chamber is preferably formed of a stainless steel material. In the present invention, the heating chamber is heated to a predetermined temperature exceeding 100 ° C. In this case, it is preferably heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the temperature of hot water and water vapor introduced into the heating chamber.

  In the present invention, as described above, the heating chamber is heated to a predetermined temperature, hot water, fine water droplets, and water vapor are generated in the heating chamber, and the air in the heating chamber is replaced with h-AQG. In this case, the hot water, fine water droplets, and water vapor are, for example, heated by a heater from the outside of the thin tube through a thin tube and supplied to the heating chamber via a nozzle provided at the end of the thin tube. Generated by introduction. The hot water, fine water droplets, and water vapor are 100 to 180 ° C., more preferably, high-temperature and normal-pressure hot water and gas mixed components heated to 95 to 150 ° C., and heat the material to be treated with high energy efficiency. Have the effect of The heated water is sprayed and injected through the nozzle into the heating chamber. The heating chamber is controlled to be heated to a predetermined temperature of 100 ° C. or higher under normal pressure, and the sprayed water droplets are vaporized to bring the heating chamber into a mixed state of hot water, fine water droplets, and water vapor. At that time, by adjusting the amount of water sprayed and the diameter of the water droplets, it is possible to create a state in which fine water droplets are mixed in the water vapor atmosphere. Such a state is called aqua gas, and at the same time 100% wet. The water vapor is sprayed to form hot water to form a “composite heating medium” (hybrid aqua gas (h-AQG)) composed of hot water, fine water droplets and water vapor.

  In the present invention, water in a water supply tank is pumped up by a water supply pump, supplied to a steam generation heat storage panel through a conduit made of a thin tube, heated to a predetermined temperature of, for example, 105 to 200 ° C. by a heater, and left as it is at the tip of the thin tube The hot water and / or water vapor is jetted at a high speed from the water vapor jet nozzle installed in the. In this case, as the water vapor nozzle, an appropriate one may be used as long as it has a function of forming a fine injection hole at the tip and spraying hot water and / or water vapor. The diameter of the fine injection holes, the number of holes, the drilling position of the holes, and the like can be arbitrarily set. The spray speed of hot water and / or steam from the steam spray nozzle is preferably about 160 to 200 / s at the tip of the spray nozzle, but is not limited thereto, and the size, type and Depending on the purpose of use, it can be arbitrarily set, for example, by changing the hole diameter, the number of holes, etc. of the fine injection holes.

  In the present invention, for example, the water vapor injected from the fine injection nozzle is introduced into the heating chamber. At this time, the water vapor is injected into a circulation fan installed in the vicinity of the tip of the injection nozzle to rotate the circulation fan. The h-AQG is transferred to a predetermined wind direction by the impact force and wind force of the air, and the h-AQG is brought into contact with a heater installed in accordance with the wind direction to heat the h-AQG without lowering its temperature. It is introduced into the entire chamber, and the heating chamber is replaced with h-AQG maintained at a predetermined temperature, and the humidity is 95% or more and the oxygen concentration is 1.0% or less, more preferably, the humidity is 99.0% or more, oxygen By filling the heating chamber with hot water / gas components having a concentration of 1.0% or less, an h-AQG atmosphere can be formed in the heating chamber. The hot water and / or water vapor injected from the fine injection port is further refined by colliding with the circulation fan. Further, the heater installed in the lee of the wind direction formed by the circulation fan is preferably jetted so that the surface thereof is in direct contact with the jetted hot water and / or water vapor in a wide area. It is installed in a position and a direction so as to block the hot water and / or water vapor as much as possible. Thereby, it is possible to efficiently transfer the heat from the heater to the injected hot water and / or water vapor, and reliably prevent the temperature of the injected hot water and / or water vapor from decreasing.

  The circulation fan is, for example, installed in the center of the rear surface side in the heating chamber, and the heated heater and / or water vapor that is sprayed is installed in a duct located in the left side surface and right side surface of the heating chamber. Although what has the function to transfer so that it may contact directly is illustrated, it is not restrict | limited to these. In addition, the heater is preferably exemplified by a large number of sheathed heaters installed in a hairpin shape so that the contact area with the injected hot water and / or water vapor increases. However, the present invention is not limited to these and can be used in the same manner as long as they have similar functions. The number of rotations and the direction of rotation of the circulation fan is determined by taking into account the size of the device, the position and shape of the duct, the shape of the heater, the installation position, etc., and the injected hot water and / or water vapor is circulated into the duct. Is set to be able to circulate as

  In a stage where the heating chamber is replaced with h-AQG, a material to be processed is introduced into the heating chamber, and a predetermined heat treatment is performed using the h-AQG as a heat medium. The heat treatment referred to here includes all kinds of heat treatment using the above-mentioned h-AQG as a heat source, and preferably includes, for example, thawing treatment by heating a frozen material, material heat processing, and material heating. Examples include drying processing by heating, melting or baking processing by heating the material, and heat treatment of a liquid containing water. In the present invention, the material to be treated is not particularly limited, and preferably, for example, frozen products, plant products, organic materials, inorganic materials, agricultural products, food products, wood, metals, ceramics, plastics and the like are exemplified. The However, the present invention is not limited to these, and can be applied to all types of materials to which heat treatment such as drying, heating, sterilization, baking, thawing and cooking is applied.

  The material to be treated introduced into the heating chamber is subjected to a predetermined heat treatment and then taken out of the heating chamber at an appropriate timing. The h-AQG that has contacted the material to be treated is discharged from the h-AQG outlet to the outside of the system. To be discharged. The hot water and / or water vapor injected into the heating chamber first collides with the circulation fan, is refined, transferred to the duct, contacts the heater installed in the duct, and is heated to a predetermined temperature. After contacting the material to be treated introduced into the heating chamber and being used as a heat medium, it is discharged out of the system. The thermal energy of h-AQG as a heat medium is used as a heat source for heat treatment of the material to be treated. In the present invention, the injected hot water and / or water vapor directly contacts the material to be treated. Rather, after being heated by the heater installed in the duct, the material to be treated is heated without being brought into contact with the material to be treated and reducing the amount of heat of the injected hot water and / or water vapor. The material to be processed can be efficiently heated.

  The injected hot water and / or water vapor collide with the circulation fan at a high speed, for example, and the water droplets are divided by the impact due to the collision, and further refined and further heated by the heater. Therefore, this refined high-temperature gaseous water consists of high-temperature water particles with high thermal conductivity that are completely transparent to the naked eye, and has high permeability to the inside of the material to be treated. Subsequent high-temperature gaseous water continuously supplies heat energy to the gaseous water that has permeated into the heat exchanger, so that heat with high thermal conductivity is continuously transferred to the interior, and the gaseous water is efficiently It penetrates into the inside of the material to be processed, and the material to be processed can be heated in a short time. Furthermore, since hot water generated in large quantities from 100% wet steam sprayed simultaneously is filled, the inner surface of the apparatus is always covered with hot water, and as a result, splashes of heating by-products on the apparatus surface. In addition to preventing adhesion, it is possible to suppress the formation of a film that is difficult to remove, particularly due to high-temperature transformation of deposits on the heater surface.

  In the present invention, the jetted hot water and / or water vapor droplets are further refined as necessary by colliding with a circulation fan, and fill the heating chamber as microbicidal water particles having surface activity. . As a result of the experiment, the pH of the water collected from the water supply tank was about 6.9 to 7.1, but the pH of the surface active bactericidal fine water particles was about 8.5 to 9.8. In addition to forming a highly bactericidal h-AQG atmosphere in the heating chamber in cooperation with high temperature conditions of 105 ° C. or higher, rational detoxification of heating by-products that has been impossible with the prior art Can be performed simultaneously with the heat treatment. Therefore, when the present invention is applied to, for example, agricultural products and food products, the material to be treated can be heat-treated in a highly surface-active bactericidal atmosphere, so that a high bactericidal effect can be imparted simultaneously with heating. Or, it is possible to rationally solve the equipment contamination and environmental pollution by heating by-products.

  The present invention provides an apparatus for generating a combined heating medium (hybrid type gaseous water) formed by combining hot water / fine water droplets (gas water) and water vapor. The apparatus comprises hot water and / or steam generating and jetting means heated to 100 ° C. or higher, a heating chamber filled with the hot water and / or steam, and 100% wet steam generating and jetting means. The hot water and / or water vapor generated by the hot water and / or water vapor generating means is continuously injected into the heating chamber through the injection means to generate fine water droplets and wet heat water vapor, and the heating The chamber is filled with a gas component (gaseous water) held in a temperature range of 90 to 180 ° C., and water vapor generated by the water vapor generating means in the 100% wet state is injected into the gaseous water through the injection means. A combined heating medium (hybrid gas water) generator configured to generate a combined heating medium (hybrid gas water) composed of hot water, fine water droplets, and water vapor in the heating chamber.

  Further, in the present invention, a heating by-product detoxification heating device that heats a material to be treated and simultaneously detoxifies the heating by-product, comprising the above-described combined heating medium generator, A heating by-product detoxification heating apparatus is provided in which the heating chamber is a heating chamber for heat-treating a material to be processed. As the heating chamber, for example, a heating chamber having a space that can be heated by being stored inside the material to be processed and cut off from the outside air is used. If necessary, the door portion that can be opened and closed, its handle and window, operation Panels and feed water heating devices are added as components. The heating chamber may be single or plural. For example, in a continuous apparatus, a plurality of heating chambers having different processing temperatures can be installed. The above apparatus includes a water supply means for supplying water, a steam generation heat storage panel, a fine steam jet nozzle, a rotary circulation fan for further miniaturizing the jetted high temperature steam, a die, and a heater for heating to a predetermined temperature. Generation and injection system of hot water and water vapor, and further, a water vapor generation and storage panel for heating water via a thin tube provided with a heater wire, and a generation and injection system of 100% wet water vapor comprising an injection nozzle Have The specific configuration of each of these means can be arbitrarily designed according to the size, type, form, purpose of use, and the like of the apparatus.

  Next, an embodiment of a heating apparatus using h-AQG of the present invention will be specifically described with reference to the drawings. However, the drawing shows an example of the apparatus of the present invention, and the present invention is not limited to this, and each component can be replaced by similar means having the same function. In addition, known means can be arbitrarily added. FIG. 1 is a front view of a heating apparatus according to the present invention, a heating chamber 1 for heating a material to be treated from outside air, an openable / closable door 2 installed on the front, a handle 3 and a window thereof. 4 shows a batch-type apparatus including an operation panel 5 and a feed water heating apparatus 15 as constituent elements. The heating chamber 1 forms a predetermined space in which a material to be processed (not shown) is accommodated and heat-treated. The door part 2 installed in the front of the heating chamber 1 has a structure that can be opened and closed as needed by operating the handle 3, and the window 4 is installed to check the heating status of the material to be processed. The heating chamber may be single or plural. For example, in a continuous apparatus, it is possible to provide a plurality of heating chambers having different processing temperatures, and in that case, the door portion may be omitted. it can.

  FIG. 2 is a longitudinal plan view of the above-described apparatus. Water heated through the steam generation heat storage panel 6 is ejected as high temperature steam into the heating chamber through a fine steam ejection nozzle and collides with the rotating circulation fan 7. While being miniaturized, it is transferred to the ducts 8 and 8 ′ installed on the left and right sides, is brought into contact with the heater 9 installed in the ducts 8 and 8 ′, and is heated to a predetermined temperature. A material to be processed (not shown) is contacted to heat the material to be processed. The hot water mixed gas water used as a heat source is discharged from the discharge port 11 to the outside of the system. The water vapor injected into the heating chamber is transferred by the circulation fan 7 to the ducts 8 and 8 ′ provided on the left and right side portions of the apparatus, and is heated by the heater 9.

  In the present invention, it is important that the temperature condition of the heater 9 is preferably set to a temperature higher than or equal to the temperature level of the injected hot water and / or water vapor. Thereby, it becomes possible to fill the heating chamber with gaseous water maintaining the temperature level of the injected hot water and / or water vapor without reducing the temperature level of the injected hot water and / or water vapor, If no heater is installed, such a gaseous water atmosphere cannot be formed. Also, a heating chamber for heating the sprayed hot water and / or steam and a heating means for heating the supplied water to generate high-temperature steam at a predetermined temperature are installed independently. By using these together, it is possible to independently control the temperature of the hot water and / or steam to be injected and the temperature in the heating chamber, so that the temperature of the injected hot water and / or steam can be controlled. The heat treatment of the material to be treated by h-AQG can be performed with energy saving without excessive loss of heat.

  FIG. 3 is an example of the steam generation high heat panel of FIG. 2, in which water supplied from a water supply tank via a water supply pump is heated through a thin tube provided with a heater wire, Fine water particles 12 are ejected from an ejection nozzle 11 installed at the tip. FIG. 3 shows an example of the steam generation heat storage panel 6 in which a large number of U-shaped narrow tubes are combined. However, the steam generation heat storage panel 6 is not limited to this and may be used in the same manner as long as it has the same function. it can. In the present invention, water is preferably heated to 105 to 200 ° C. by the water vapor generation and storage panel, but for high efficiency heating, the water is heated to about 108 to 115 ° C. and ejected. Is preferred. In the present invention, in order to use the gaseous water as the heat medium most efficiently, hot water and / or water vapor heated to about 108 to 115 ° C. is jetted into a heating chamber set to about 108 to 115 ° C. However, these temperature conditions can be arbitrarily set according to the properties of the material to be treated, the type of heat treatment, the purpose of use of the apparatus of the present invention, and the like.

  In the present invention, hybrid aqua gas (Aqua Gas (registered trademark), sometimes referred to as h-AQG) is hot water heated to 100 ° C. or more by an external heater in an open system such as an open pipe, Water vapor is sprayed continuously in a heated chamber that is stably heated to the same temperature or higher than the temperature of hot water and / or water vapor in an open quasi-sealed state so as not to generate pressure, and fine water droplets and wet heat Steam is generated, and the inside of the heating chamber is filled with water vapor in a normal pressure state. By replacement with air, the humidity is 90% or more, the oxygen concentration is 1.0% or less, more preferably, the humidity is 99.0% or more, oxygen It is defined as a gas component having a concentration of 1.0% or less.

  The gas component (gaseous water) generated in the heating chamber does not cause a temperature drop in the heating chamber that is stably heated to the same temperature or higher than the steam temperature. Since the density of the discharged water vapor is stably maintained, there is little loss of thermal energy, it acts as a high heat quantity heat medium, and energy saving heating in a non-oxidized state can be realized. The gaseous water can be suitably maintained at a temperature of 100 to 180 ° C., for example, by selecting the capacity of the open external heater (panel heater) and the heater in the heating chamber, but is limited to these. It can be selected as appropriate temperature conditions according to the purpose of use. Gaseous water has higher heat conductivity than water vapor and superheated water vapor, for example, wet heat water vapor and fine water droplets that allow adjustment of the initial condensation period to improve the yield of processed foods. The heating medium “Aquagas” used is particularly suitable for food heating and sterilization.

  Conventionally, there are a heating method using normal steam, a heating method using high-temperature and high-pressure steam, a heating method using a steam convection oven, etc. Among these heating methods, in the heating method using high-temperature and high-pressure steam, the high-temperature and high-pressure steam is decompressed, When continuously introduced into a semi-sealed heating chamber provided with an open pipe so as not to generate pressure in the state of low-pressure steam, the heating chamber and the material to be heated must be heated with the thermal energy of low-pressure steam. Therefore, the temperature in the heating chamber becomes lower than the temperature of the introduced water vapor, so that the water vapor is always condensed and liquefied, the amount of latent heat is reduced, and the loss of energy becomes extremely large. Further, in order to fill the inside of the heating chamber with low-pressure steam and maintain the residual oxygen concentration at 1.0% or less, a large amount of steam and heat energy are required.

  When a material to be treated is heated by this heating method, a large amount of low-pressure steam is always sent into a heating chamber having a temperature lower than that of the introduced steam, and condensation due to heat exchange occurs. Therefore, for example, at 130 ° C. or lower, the material to be treated is heated in a steamed state due to the condensation. On the other hand, in the heating method using the steam convection oven, the heating chamber is heated to a constant temperature, and the water vapor is always generated by evaporation of water at the vaporization temperature, and the temperature of the water vapor is increased by the temperature inside the heating chamber. To rise. The water vapor is in the process of increasing the temperature in the heating chamber and cannot maintain a sufficient density and latent heat. When the material to be treated is heated by this heating method, it is not heated by the full steam, but by the steam containing dry air, and the amount of latent heat is reduced.

  In contrast to these heating systems, in the heating system of the present invention, a semi-sealed structure in which an open pipe is provided so that water vapor heated to 100 ° C. or more by an external heater in an open system such as an open pipe does not cause pressure. In the heating chamber, which is in a state and stably heated to a temperature equal to or higher than the water vapor temperature, hot water and / or water vapor is continuously jetted to generate fine water droplets and wet heat water vapor. It is filled with water vapor in the pressure state and replaced with air. For example, it becomes a gas component state with a humidity of 99.0% or more and an oxygen concentration of 1.0% or less, and the generated water vapor does not cause a temperature drop. Therefore, it is possible to maintain a high amount of latent heat. When the material to be treated is heated by this heating method, the temperature in the heating chamber does not decrease, the condensation of water vapor is small, the amount of latent heat is maintained, non-oxidative heating is possible, and the heat treatment A rational detoxification treatment of heating by-products, which can be said to be the fate of, is automatically performed, and the material to be treated can be subjected to continuous amplitude heating with a temperature difference of at least 10 ° C. in the temperature range of 90 to 180 ° C. Become. Thus, the heating method of the present invention realizes not only energy-saving heating with a high latent heat amount, heating without the influence of condensation and heating in a non-oxidized state, but also rational detoxification treatment of heating by-products. It is. Table 1 compares the characteristic parts of these heating methods.

  According to the present invention, 1) The material to be treated can be subjected to continuous amplitude heating at a temperature difference of at least 10 ° C. in the temperature range of 90 to 180 ° C. to perform heating / sterilization and detoxification treatment of the heated byproduct. ) Replace the heating chamber for heating the material to be treated from the outside with a mixed system of water gas and hot water, and a gas component (humidity 99.0% or more and oxygen concentration 0.1% or less) 3) The material to be treated can be efficiently and minimally invasively heated and sterilized in a short time with the h-AQG, and at the same time, the detoxification treatment of the heated byproduct can be performed. Applicable for thawing frozen products, heating and sterilization cooking of agricultural products and foods, automatic detoxification of heating by-products, heating, drying and firing of wood, metal, ceramic materials, etc. 5) h-AQG Heating with h-AQG that generates and uses it as a heating medium It is possible to provide a biological removal Gaika heating and sterilizing apparatus, effects etc. are obtained.

  Next, the present invention will be specifically described based on test examples and examples, but the present invention is not limited to the following examples.

Test example 1
In this test example, a generation test of a hybrid aqua gas was performed using the h-AQG generator shown in FIG. The operation of the aqua gas generator is started, the semi-sealed heating chamber (heating chamber) is heated to the same temperature as the water vapor temperature, and then the water vapor heated to 300 ° C. is continuously jetted into the chamber. The inside of was filled with water vapor in a normal pressure state. After a lapse of 25 minutes from the start of the operation, a mixed state of fine water droplets and wet heat steam was created, and after about 7 minutes, a hybrid type “gas water” state having a humidity of 99.9% and an oxygen concentration of 0.01% was reached. FIG. 4 shows the results of measuring the temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, and exhaust temperature in the chamber during the h-AQG generation process by the h-AQG generator. In the figure, it can be seen that after 25 minutes, h-AQG is generated through a rapid decrease in oxygen concentration and a rapid increase in humidity in the chamber.

Test example 2
In this test example, in the apparatus shown in FIG. 1, water vapor from 100 ° C. to 300 ° C. during operation of the hybrid aqua gas generator using a panel heater for steam generation (2 kW) and a heater in the heating chamber (10 kW). The relationship between the discharge temperature, the apparatus internal temperature, the apparatus internal humidity, and the apparatus oxygen concentration was examined. The result is shown in FIG. The panel heater was continuously operated at 100 ° C. or higher, and the heater was continuously operated at 110 ° C. or higher. However, the temperature was set to 100 ° C. or lower. As shown in the figure, the vaporization period of steam of about 100 to 115 ° C. takes time to increase the temperature, and steam of about 120 ° C. or more requires a short time and a stable temperature increase in conjunction with the temperature in the apparatus. It was found that the temperature inside the apparatus and the water vapor temperature can be controlled very stably. On the other hand, it is considered that water vapor at around 115 ° C. can be used as a heat medium having a high density and a high latent heat amount although it is in a metastable state. Accordingly, in the present invention, these metastable and stable h-AQGs can be arbitrarily selected and used in accordance with the type of the material to be heated, the purpose of the heating process, etc., taking advantage of the characteristics thereof. It turns out that.

Test example 3
In this test example, the temperature change in the vicinity of the water vapor and fine water droplet injection nozzles when h-AQG was generated was examined using the apparatus shown in FIG. The result is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, it was found that a continuous and short-time temperature change occurs in the temperature range of about 95 to 150 ° C. with a temperature difference of about 10 to 40 ° C. It was also found that the amplitude of the temperature difference and the composition of fine water droplets, wet heat steam and dry heat steam can be changed by adjusting the temperature of the sprayed steam and the temperature in the apparatus. Further, the in-device temperature and the h-AQG temperature were compared when h-AQG was generated. The supplied water was preheated by the heating device 15 and the amount of supplied water was set to 115 spm (3.62 l / h). The result is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, it was found that by adjusting the temperature in the apparatus in a temperature range of about 120 to 150 ° C., continuous amplitude heating can be performed under the condition of an amplitude difference of about 20 to 50 ° C. of h-AQG.

  Further, in the same manner as described above, the in-device temperature and the h-AQG temperature when h-AQG was generated were compared. The result is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, it was found that by adjusting the temperature in the apparatus in a temperature range of about 115 to 165 ° C., continuous amplitude heating can be performed under the condition of an amplitude difference of about 20 to 50 ° C. of h-AQG. Furthermore, the heating time for heating tap water (100 ml) to 95 ° C. was compared using h-AQG having a temperature range of about 115 to 165 ° C. The result is shown in FIG. As shown in the figure, it was found that when h-AQG having a temperature condition of about 115 ° C. was used, the heating time was the shortest and high energy efficiency was exhibited.

Test example 4
The relationship between the temperature and time of the hybrid aqua gas produced in the same manner as in Test Example 3 was examined. FIG. 10 shows a 115 ° C. h-AQG temperature time curve (inside the chamber), and FIG. 11 shows a 115 ° C. h-AQG temperature time curve (injection nozzle portion). As comparative examples, temperature time curves (inside the chamber and the injection nozzle portion) of superheated steam and saturated steam are shown in FIGS. It can be seen that the temperature time curve of h-AQG is essentially different from the temperature time curve of superheated steam and saturated steam.

In this example, each food material was subjected to heat by-product detoxification heat treatment with hybrid aqua gas.
1) Heat cooking test of baron 薯 Basic heating performance of h-AQG and AQG is described as conventional superheated steam (hereinafter referred to as “SHS”) and steam convection oven (hereinafter referred to as “SCO”). ) Was used as a control and compared using a baron as a heated object.

(1) Baron Mushroom Raw Baron Mushroom (produced farmer “Sakaguchi Farm” (Hakodate City, Hokkaido) in 2005) placed in cardboard and stored in a dedicated stocker at 8 ° C, 5 sizes in 1 ward, total 20 The pieces were used after sorting by weight.
(2) Use heat (over) heat device
1) h-AQG heating device An experimental machine manufactured by Taiyo Corporation was used.
2) AQG heating device An experimental machine manufactured by Taiyo Corporation was used.
3) SHS superheater An experimental machine manufactured by Taiyo Corporation was used.
4) SCO heating apparatus A commercially available steam convection oven (manufactured by Marzen Co., Ltd., SSC-06DCNSTU) was used.

(3) Test condition 1) Raw material treatment Two kinds of “with skin” and “skin bud” washed with running water were prepared and subjected to heating.
2) Heating conditions After the barn bowl center temperature reached 95 ° C, cooking was continued for 10 minutes. The center temperature was measured with the value of the minimum temperature recording sensor by inserting three K-type thermocouple sensors (CLASS: 1) (manufactured by Okazaki Manufacturing Co., Ltd.) at the center point of the maximum thickness.
3) Medium temperature h-AQG and AQG were set to 115 ° C, SHS was set to 160 ° C, and SCO was set to a 99 ° C steam mode.
4) Yield measurement Calculated from the weight of the refrigerated raw material and the weight of the heat-dissipated specimen after the heating.
5) Measurement of heating rate The net heating temperature rise value was calculated from the core temperature at the start of heating and 95 ° C, and this was divided by the required heating time of 95 ° C.

(4) Test result 1) Table 2 summarizes the results of cooking with bark with a skin.

From this result, a comparison of heating rates of barn core temperature 95 ° C. for each medium is shown in FIG. It was clarified that h-AQG is equivalent to SHS and has a heating rate higher than that of AQG and SCO.
The yield results are shown in FIG. From this, SHS heating showed a low yield specifically, and h-AQG, AQG, and SCO showed substantially the same and high yield. The results of the above heating rate and yield are collectively shown in FIG. 16, and comprehensive evaluation will demonstrate the superiority of h-AQG.

2) Table 3 summarizes the results of cooking with bark moult baron. From this result, the comparison of the heating rate of the bark shell baron core temperature 95 ° C. of each medium is shown in FIG. It was clarified that h-AQG is equivalent to SHS, tends to be slightly larger than AQG, and has a higher heating rate than SCO. The yield results are shown in FIG. From this, SHS heating showed a low yield specifically, and h-AQG, AQG, and SCO showed substantially the same and high yield. The above heating rate and yield results are summarized in FIG. When comprehensively evaluated, the superiority of h-AQG was demonstrated.

2) Heat sterilization of agricultural products Table 4 shows the results of measuring the number of general viable bacteria by h-AQG heating of nine representative agricultural products mainly from seasonal local (Hokkaido). Table 3 also summarizes the qualitative sensory test results of food pretreatment, heating conditions, and the resulting heated agricultural food. Based on the above results, h-AQG cooking was proved to be a cooking method excellent in economy, safety, high quality, and stability.

In this example, the detoxification heat treatment of the heated by-product lipids by h-AQG was performed on the high-fat, multi-fat food material / part, and the excellent deoiling / degreasing function was shown.
1) Heating of raw chicken skin The raw chicken skin 0.5 kg produced in Kagoshima Prefecture was heated with h-AQG while changing its heat treatment conditions, and its degreasing and deoiling action was verified. The heating conditions and the analysis results of the residual fat are shown in FIG. As a result, the amount of residual fat was the smallest when rotating for 15 minutes at h-AQG 105 ° C., and the effect of degreasing and deoiling was about 50%. Repeated 10 times, even though the total rawhide treatment amount reached 5 kg, no polymerization coating of chicken oil was observed in the h-AQG apparatus after completion of the heat treatment test, and there was little residual by-product oil and fat, It was easily washed away with a tap water shower, leaving no chicken odor.

2) Heat cooking of three pieces of pork Cut three pieces of pork (Yakumo Eurup chilled pork) purchased at a food supermarket “Foocho” in Hokuto, Hokkaido, was heated with h-AQG for 30 minutes in a tray. A cooked three-piece meat was obtained at a yield of 87.9%, and the taste was good (FIG. 21). The cooked device was tested for contamination and its detergency with water. Despite the elution of about 60 g of pork fat, as shown in FIG. 22, the dirt was mild and could be easily removed by just showering room temperature tap water. There was no off-flavor.

3) Heat cooking test of high-fat fish Imported “Chile salt trout harass” single harassment (255 g) purchased at the food supermarket “Fishaga” in Hokuto, Hokkaido, was subjected to h-AQG heating on a tray for 10 minutes. A cooked trout harass was obtained at a yield of 90.7%, and the taste was good. Despite the elution of about 20 g of highly unsaturated lipid-rich fish oil, no adhesion to the inside of the device or coating with polymerized oil is observed, and it is easy by simply treating it with a tap water at room temperature for a short time. I was able to wash it away and I didn't mind the fishy smell.

  As described in detail above, the present invention relates to a heating byproduct abatement heating / sterilization method and a heating byproduct abatement heating / sterilization apparatus using hybrid gas water. In the temperature range of 90 to 180 ° C., continuous amplitude heating with a temperature difference of at least 10 ° C. can be applied to heat and sterilize by-products. A heating chamber for heating the material to be processed to be cut off from the outside is replaced with water gas and 100% wet steam, and a gas and heat with a humidity of 99.0% or more and an oxygen concentration of 0.1% or less. A water-mixed component (h-AQG atmosphere) can be obtained. With the h-AQG, the material to be treated can be heated and sterilized by heating and by-product detoxification in a short time efficiently and invasively. It can be applied to thawing frozen products, heating and sterilization cooking of agricultural products and food products, heating, drying and baking of wood, metal, ceramic materials, etc. It is possible to provide a heating and byproduct detoxification heating and sterilization apparatus using h-AQG that generates h-AQG and uses it as a heat medium.

FIG. 1 is a front view of an embodiment of the apparatus of the present invention. FIG. 2 is a longitudinal plan view of the apparatus. FIG. 3 is a conceptual diagram of an example of a steam generation heat storage panel. FIG. 4 shows the results of measuring the temperature, humidity, oxygen concentration, and exhaust temperature in the chamber during the process of generating gaseous water by the water vapor generator. FIG. 5 shows a water vapor generating apparatus using a water vapor generating panel heater (2 kw) and a heater (10 kw) in a heating chamber, and a water vapor discharge temperature from 100 ° C. to 300 ° C. during operation of the water vapor generating device. The relationship between internal temperature, apparatus humidity, and apparatus oxygen concentration is shown. FIG. 6 shows a temperature change near the water vapor (aqua gas) injection nozzle. FIG. 7 shows a comparison of the in-apparatus temperature / water vapor (aqua gas) temperature. FIG. 8 shows a comparison of the in-apparatus temperature / water vapor (aqua gas) temperature. FIG. 9 shows the result of a comparative test of the heating time for heating tap water (100 ml) to 95 ° C. A temperature time curve (inside the chamber) of aqua gas at 115 ° C. is shown. The temperature time curve (injection nozzle part) of 115 degreeC aqua gas is shown. The time curve (inside a warehouse and an injection nozzle part) of the temperature of a 115 degreeC superheated steam state is shown. The time curve (the inside of a warehouse and a jet nozzle part) of the temperature of a 115 degreeC saturated water vapor state is shown. The result of the heating rate comparison test by various medium heating with baron husk is shown. The result of the yield comparison test by various medium heating with baron husk is shown. The comparison test summary by various media heating with baron husk is shown. The result of the heating rate comparison test by various medium heating without baron buds is shown. The result of the yield comparison test by various medium heating without baron buds is shown. The comparison test summary by various media heating without baron buds is shown. The result of the heating test of the adult chicken raw epidermis is shown. The result of the heat cooking test of three pieces of pork is shown. The contamination state of the h-AQG heating apparatus after cooking the three pieces of pork and the result of the water washing test are shown. The result of the heat cooking test of a high fat fish is shown.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Heating chamber 2 Door part 3 Handle 4 Window 5 Operation panel 6 Steam generation | occurrence | production thermal storage panel 7 Circulation fan 8 Duct 8 'Duct 9 Heating heater 10 Circulation wind direction 11 Outlet 12 Water supply panel 13 Fine water vapor ejection nozzle 14 Fine water particle 15 which ejected Feed water heating device

Claims (5)

A heating by-product detoxification heating method for heating a material to be treated and simultaneously detoxifying the heating by-product, wherein the next step;
(1) Hot water heated to 100 ° C. or higher and / or water vapor is continuously injected into the heating chamber of the semi-enclosed space heated to the same temperature or higher to generate fine water droplets and wet hot water vapor.
(2) A gas component having a composition with a humidity of 95% or more and an oxygen concentration of 1% or less and maintained in a temperature range of 90 to 180 ° C. by substituting the air in the heating chamber with the fine water droplets and wet heat steam. Gas water),
(3) Injecting 100% wet water vapor into the gaseous water to stably form a composite heating medium composed of hot water, fine water droplets and water vapor,
(4) The material to be heated is subjected to continuous amplitude heating with a temperature difference of at least 10 ° C. in the temperature range with the composite heating medium, and the material to be processed is heat-treated.
A heating by-product detoxification heating method for a material to be treated.   A heat treatment characterized by producing a heat-treated food or food by heating the food or food by the heating by-product detoxification heating method according to claim 1, and simultaneously detoxifying the heat by-product. A method for producing food or food.   Heating and sterilizing food or food by the heating by-product detoxification heating method according to claim 1, and simultaneously heating and sterilizing the heating by-product to produce a heating or sterilizing processed food or food A method for producing a heat-sterilized food or food.   An apparatus for generating a composite heating medium (hybrid type gaseous water) composed of hot water, fine water droplets, and water vapor, comprising: hot water heated to 100 ° C. and / or steam generation and injection means; A heating chamber filled with water vapor, and 100% wet water vapor generation and injection means, and the hot water and / or water vapor generated by the water vapor generation means is passed through the injection means. Are continuously sprayed into the heating chamber to generate fine water droplets and wet heat steam, and the heating chamber is filled with a gas component (gas water) held in a temperature range of 90 to 180 ° C. The steam generated by the steam generating means in a wet state is injected through the spraying means to generate a composite heating medium (hybrid gas water) composed of hot water, fine water droplets and steam in the heating chamber. Composite heating medium generating apparatus being characterized in that as.   A heating by-product detoxification heating device for heating a material to be treated and simultaneously detoxifying the heating by-product, comprising the combined heating medium generator according to claim 4, wherein the heating chamber A heating by-product detoxification heating apparatus characterized by comprising a heating chamber for heat-treating the material to be processed.