JP2008104961A - Volume reduction treating apparatus of asbestos-containing building materials - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a volume reduction treating apparatus of asbestos-containing building materials capable of excellently treating a volume reduction of asbestos while definitely preventing the scattering of the asbestos even with a relatively simple and low-priced apparatus configuration. <P>SOLUTION: A screw conveyor 2 that sends an asbestos-containing building material A is disposed aslant so as to allow a sending material destination to be a high position, a screw conveyor 6 that injects the asbestos-containing building material A into the conveyor 2 is provided at the injection section of a base end in the screw 2. On the other hand, a volume reduction throttling section 11 formed to allow an inner diameter to be gradually smaller towards the tip is connected to a discharging section at the tip in the conveyor 2, and water L is stored for protection against dust inside the conveyors 2, 6. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an apparatus for volume-reducing a building material containing asbestos such as sprayed asbestos or calcium silicate board.

  Conventionally, as a heat insulating material such as a pillar or ceiling of a building, or a heat insulating material such as a pipe, for example, sprayed asbestos in which an appropriate amount of asbestos is mixed with cement is sprayed, or an appropriate amount of asbestos in calcium silicate Asbestos-containing building materials such as calcium silicate plates produced by mixing and molding are known. These asbestos-containing building materials, such as sprayed asbestos and calcium silicate board, have been widely used for their superiority in various aspects such as heat resistance, heat insulation, sound insulation, etc. The cause of health damage is becoming a social problem, and its production and use are being regulated.

  As buildings using such asbestos-containing building materials reach aging in the future, repair work and demolition work are expected to increase gradually. Conceivable. As a general treatment method for these asbestos-containing building materials, for example, in the case of sprayed asbestos with high scattering properties, the surroundings of the building are covered with a curing sheet, etc., isolated from the outside world, and then the interior of the sheet is made highly efficient. While maintaining a negative pressure with a dust collector, spray water carefully onto the surface of the sprayed asbestos applied to the pillars and ceiling of the building, etc. Double-packed in a water-resistant plastic bag, etc., and transported to the final disposal site in this state and disposed of in the ground, or brought to a recycling plant and heated and melted in a kiln etc. for recycling treatment I am doing so.

By the way, the present inventors have proposed a method and a device for reducing the volume by crushing these asbestos-containing building materials in a dust-proof liquid (Patent Document 1). According to the present invention, the asbestos-containing building material collected at the site is crushed in a dust-proof liquid, for example, immersed in water, so that asbestos may be scattered around when crushed. As a result, the volume of asbestos-containing building materials that are bulky and difficult to handle can be efficiently transported at the recovered stage, and can be recycled at the time of landfill disposal or heating and melting. It is possible to process efficiently even when processing.
Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-172271

  However, in the invention described in Patent Document 1, a crushing roller for crushing the asbestos-containing building material, a driving device for driving the crushing roller, and a casing in which the crushing process of the asbestos-containing building material is performed are always negative pressure. It requires a high-performance dust collector to maintain the state, and the equipment configuration is full-scale and large, and the initial cost is expected to be relatively high, so depending on the scale of the asbestos-containing building material processing site, etc. May be difficult to adopt.

  In view of the above points, the present invention has an object to provide a volume reduction treatment apparatus for asbestos-containing building materials that can be reduced in volume satisfactorily while reliably preventing scattering of asbestos while being relatively simple and inexpensive. And

  In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, in the volume reduction processing apparatus for asbestos-containing building materials according to claim 1 according to the present invention, the screw conveyor for feeding the asbestos-containing building materials is disposed so as to be inclined so that the delivery destination side is at a high position. The feed section at the base end of the conveyor is equipped with feeding means for feeding asbestos-containing building materials into the screw conveyor, while the discharge section at the tip of the screw conveyor is designed to reduce the volume so that the inner diameter gradually decreases toward the tip. The throttle part is connected, and a dust-proof liquid is stored inside the screw conveyor.

  Moreover, in the volume reduction processing apparatus for asbestos-containing building materials according to claim 2, the dust-proof liquid is water.

  In the volume reduction processing apparatus for asbestos-containing building materials according to claim 3, the dust-proof liquid is an alcohol compound or an aqueous solution of an alcohol compound adjusted to a predetermined concentration.

  Moreover, in the volume reduction processing apparatus for asbestos-containing building materials according to claim 4, the alcohol compound is one or more selected from glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl alcohol. It is characterized by being a mixture.

  According to the volume reduction processing apparatus for asbestos-containing building material according to claim 1 according to the present invention, the screw conveyor that sends out the asbestos-containing building material is inclined so that the delivery destination side is at a high position, and the input portion of the screw conveyor base end Is equipped with a feeding means for feeding asbestos-containing building materials into the screw conveyor, while a discharge part at the tip of the screw conveyor is connected with a volume reducing portion formed so that the inner diameter gradually decreases toward the tip. Because the dust-contained liquid is stored inside the screw conveyor, it is possible to safely reduce the volume while ensuring that asbestos is not scattered from building materials containing asbestos, while having a relatively simple and inexpensive device configuration. It can be suitably employed regardless of the scale of the processing site for asbestos-containing building materials.

  Moreover, according to the volume reduction processing apparatus for asbestos-containing building materials according to claim 2 according to the present invention, since the dustproof liquid is water, the running cost is suppressed and the handling is easy. The volume can be safely and satisfactorily reduced without scattering asbestos.

  According to the volume reduction processing apparatus for asbestos-containing building material according to claim 3 of the present invention, the dustproof liquid is an alcoholic compound or an aqueous solution of an alcoholic compound adjusted to a predetermined concentration. Using the properties of the compound, such as moisture retention, water solubility, and flammability, it is possible to safely and satisfactorily reduce the volume of asbestos without scattering the asbestos from building materials containing asbestos. When heat-melting and recycling treatment, an alcohol-based compound that adheres to or penetrates the reduced volume of asbestos-containing building materials can be expected to provide a combustion-supporting effect, and it can be efficiently heated and melted. Can be played back.

  Moreover, according to the volume-reduction processing apparatus for asbestos-containing building materials according to claim 4 according to the present invention, the alcohol compound is selected from glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl alcohol. Because it is a seed or a mixture of two or more kinds, it is safe and good without splashing asbestos from asbestos-containing building materials by utilizing the properties of these alcohol compounds, such as moisture retention, water solubility, and flammability In the case where the reduced volume is heat-melted and regenerated by heating, the alcohol-based compound adhering to or infiltrating the reduced volume of asbestos-containing building material helps to promote combustion. Can be expected, can be efficiently heated and melted, and can be recycled well.

  In the volume reduction processing apparatus for asbestos-containing building materials of the present invention, the screw conveyor for sending sprayed asbestos or calcium silicate plate, etc., which is an asbestos-containing building material, is inclined so that the delivery destination side is at a high position, and the screw conveyor The proximal input section is a feeding means for feeding asbestos-containing building material into the screw conveyor, for example, while connecting the discharge section of another screw conveyor installed vertically so that the delivery destination side is lower, The discharge portion at the tip of the screw conveyor disposed in an inclined manner is connected to a volume-reducing throttle portion formed in a taper shape so that the inner diameter gradually decreases toward the tip. Further, inside each of these screw conveyors, for example, water that is a dust-proof liquid, for example, the most popular and excellent in terms of cost and handling is stored. In addition to the water, the dust-proof liquid includes, for example, glycerin, an alcohol compound having moisture retention and water solubility, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, and the like alone. Alternatively, a mixture of two or more of these may be stored. These alcohol compounds may be stored in the state of a stock solution, but may be dissolved in water and used as an aqueous solution having an appropriate concentration if it is difficult to handle in the state of the stock solution.

  And when reducing the volume of asbestos-containing building materials such as sprayed asbestos and calcium silicate board, first, each of the screw conveyors was driven, and the asbestos-containing building materials collected from the dismantling site were vertically installed, which was a vertical means. After being fed from the feeding portion at the upper end of the screw conveyor and fed to the lower end of the conveyor, it is subsequently fed to the leading end of the conveyor at an obliquely upper position by the inclined screw conveyor. At this time, since an appropriate amount of water is stored in both conveyors, the asbestos-containing building material to be sent out is completely immersed in water for a certain period of time. And if this asbestos-containing building material is sent out to the discharge part of the screw conveyor inclined, it will be discharged while being gradually compressed and reduced by the constriction part connected to the tip. At this time, asbestos-containing building materials are in a state where a large amount of water is attached or soaked in the surface or inside thereof, so that asbestos is scattered from the asbestos-containing building materials into the atmosphere due to impact during compression reduction. There is no fear of doing so. And the volume-reduced pieces of asbestos-containing building material that are compressed and discharged from the screw conveyor placed at an inclination are enclosed in, for example, a flexible container bag, etc., transported to the final disposal site in that state, and landfilled in the ground. Or, it is transported to a recycling plant and heated and melted in a kiln or the like to regenerate.

  In this way, sprayed asbestos and calcium silicate plates collected on-site, despite being a very simple and inexpensive device that can be easily brought in and used at relatively small processing sites, etc. It is possible to safely and reliably reduce the volume of bulky asbestos-containing building materials, etc., without the risk of asbestos scattering around, and when transporting to final disposal sites or recycling plants, or when landfilling It is possible to improve the processing efficiency.

  In addition, if the asbestos-containing building materials that have undergone volume reduction treatment are transported to a recycling plant and heated and melted in a kiln, etc., the asbestos is completely detoxified and recycled for storage in a screw conveyor. As the liquid, instead of water, for example, an alcoholic compound such as glycerin or an aqueous solution of an alcoholic compound adjusted to a predetermined concentration can be used for more suitable treatment. In other words, using the properties of alcoholic compounds such as moisture retention, water solubility, and flammability, asbestos is safe without being scattered from asbestos-containing building materials at the time of volume reduction as in the case of water. In addition to being able to reduce the volume satisfactorily, during heating and melting, alcohol-based compounds adhering or soaking in a large amount on or inside the reduced volume of asbestos-containing building material exerts an auxiliary combustion effect, effectively shortening It can be heated and melted over time and can be reprocessed well.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.

  In the figure, reference numeral 1 denotes a volume reduction processing apparatus for asbestos-containing building materials such as sprayed asbestos and calcium silicate plates collected at the site. As shown in the figure, the screw conveyor 2 that sends out the asbestos-containing building material A is sent out. The shaft 4 is rotatably supported inside the cylindrical casing 3 and a screw blade for material feeding is provided around the shaft 4. The asbestos-containing building material A in the casing 3 is moved obliquely upward in the direction of the arrow in the figure by rotating the shaft body 4 in a predetermined direction with a drive device (not shown). It can be sent out.

  Moreover, another screw conveyor 6 erected substantially vertically so that the delivery destination side is at the lower position is provided as a feeding means for feeding the asbestos-containing building material A into the screw conveyor 2 at the material input portion at the base end of the screw conveyor 2. The material discharge part of the lower end is connected, and is integrated with the screw conveyor 2 substantially. The screw conveyor 6 has substantially the same structure as that of the screw conveyor 2, and a shaft body 8 is rotatably supported inside a cylindrical casing 7. The screw blades 9 for feeding the material are provided around, and the asbestos-containing building material A in the casing 7 is rotated in the direction of the arrow in the figure by rotating the shaft body 8 in a predetermined direction with a driving device (not shown). It can be sent out downward. In addition, the material charging part at the upper end of the casing 7 is provided with a charging hopper 10 for charging the asbestos-containing building material A.

  In addition, in this example, as the feeding means for feeding the asbestos-containing building material A into the screw conveyor 2, the screw conveyor 6 erected substantially vertically is adopted, but it is not particularly limited thereto. For example, when an on-site worker or the like pushes directly, it is only necessary to directly fix a charging hopper, a cylinder or the like to the material charging portion at the base end of the screw conveyor 2.

  Further, the material discharge part at the tip of the screw conveyor 2 arranged in an inclined manner is connected with a throttle part 11 for volume reduction formed in a tapered shape so that the inner diameter gradually becomes smaller toward the tip. A discharge port 12 for discharging the volume-reducing piece A ′ of the reduced asbestos-containing building material to the outside is opened at the tip of the portion 11. Further, a chute 13 is disposed below the discharge port 12 to receive the reduced volume A ′ of the discharged asbestos-containing building material and put it into the flexible container bag F for conveyance.

  Further, in each of the casings 3 and 7 of the screw conveyors 2 and 6, a liquid that is a dust-proof liquid, for example, water that is completely soaked for a certain period of time while at least the asbestos-containing building material A that has been introduced is fed out. The amount is stored. Accordingly, a large amount of water L adheres to or penetrates into the surface and inside of the asbestos-containing building material A that has been introduced, and as a result, asbestos is reduced when the asbestos-containing building material A is compressed and reduced by the throttle portion 11. There is no risk of splashing into the atmosphere.

  Further, the water L stored in the casings 3 and 7 of the screw conveyors 2 and 6 is carried away together with the volume-reducing piece A ′ of the asbestos-containing building material discharged from the discharge port 12 and gradually decreases. For example, the liquid level is monitored by an operator's visual observation or measurement with a liquid meter or the like, and the liquid level of the water L in the casings 3 and 7 is always replenished as appropriate so as to be kept substantially constant. .

  In this embodiment, water is adopted as the dust-preventing liquid stored in the casings 3 and 7 of the screw conveyors 2 and 6 because it is the most popular and inexpensive and easy to handle. In the case where the reduced volume A ′ of the treated asbestos-containing building material is transported to a recycling plant and heated and melted at a high temperature of about 1000 to 1500 ° C. in a kiln or the like, the asbestos is completely detoxified and recycled. Instead of this, for example, an alcohol compound such as glycerin can be used for more preferable treatment. That is, taking advantage of various properties such as moisture retention, water solubility, flammability, etc. possessed by alcohol compounds, asbestos is not scattered from the asbestos-containing building material A as in the case of water. The volume can be safely and reliably reduced, and drying can be suppressed as much as possible during transportation to prevent the asbestos from scattering. Further, when heating and melting, the surface of the volume-reducing piece A 'of the asbestos-containing building material Alcohol compounds adhering or soaking in a large amount exhibit an auxiliary combustion effect, can be efficiently heated and melted in a short time, and can be well recycled.

  Further, as the alcohol compound, glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, etc. can be used alone, or a mixture of two or more of these can be effectively employed. One of the recycle fuels that has been attracting attention recently is a method of producing BDF (biodiesel fuel), which is an alternative fuel for diesel oil, by methylesterifying waste cooking oil. If glycerin generated in the above is employed, it is considered that it can be easily obtained at a very low cost and easily and can be more suitably processed.

  At this time, since the stock solution of alcohol-based compounds such as glycerin is relatively high in viscosity, it may not be easily penetrated into the asbestos-containing building material A in the state of the stock solution, and it may be difficult to handle, for example, If it is dissolved in an appropriate amount of water and used as an aqueous solution having a predetermined concentration by utilizing the property of water solubility, it can easily penetrate into the asbestos-containing building material A and can be handled easily. At this time, as the amount of water increases, it becomes easier to handle, but it is preferable to suppress the amount of water as much as possible so that the auxiliary combustion effect is exhibited as much as possible in the melting process of the next process, and the asbestos-containing building material to be processed It is advisable to determine appropriately according to the species and properties.

  And when carrying out volume reduction processing of asbestos containing building materials A, such as sprayed asbestos and a calcium silicate board, using the volume reduction processing apparatus 1 of the asbestos containing building material of the said structure, the inside of the casings 3 and 7 of the screw conveyors 2 and 6 previously A predetermined amount of water L, which is a dustproof liquid, is stored. And after driving each screw conveyor 2 and 6, the asbestos containing building material A collect | recovered on the spot by the operator is thrown in from the injection hopper 10 of the casing 7 upper end of the screw conveyor 6 which is a feeding means. The asbestos-containing building material A put into the screw conveyor 6 is sent to the material discharge section at the lower end of the casing 7 by the screw blades 9 and then continues to the material feeding section at the base end of the casing 3 of the screw conveyor 2 arranged in an inclined manner. Then, the screw blade 5 feeds the material to the material discharge part on the front end side of the casing 3 located obliquely above.

  At this time, since the water L, which is a dustproof liquid, is stored in the casings 3 and 7 of the screw conveyors 2 and 6, the asbestos-containing building material A is water for a certain period of time in the process of being introduced and sent out. It will be completely immersed in L. And when this asbestos-containing building material A is sent to the narrowed portion 11 at the tip of the screw conveyor 2 that is inclined, it is gradually compressed and volume-reduced as the inner diameter gradually decreases toward the tip. 12 is discharged as a volume-reducing piece A ′. At this time, asbestos-containing building material A is in a state in which a large amount of water L is attached or soaked into the surface or inside of the asbestos-containing building material A. There is no fear of being scattered.

  And the volume reduction piece A 'of the asbestos-containing building material discharged from the screw conveyor 2 is put into the flexible container bag F through the chute 13, and if it is put in an appropriate amount, it is sealed with a binding tool etc. It can be loaded and transported to the final disposal site for landfill disposal, or it can be brought to a recycling factory and heated and melted in a kiln or the like to be recycled. At this time, since a large amount of water is attached or soaked on the surface and inside of the volume-reducing piece A ′ of the asbestos-containing building material in the flexible container bag F, the asbestos is dried into the air during transportation. There is no risk of splashing.

  In this way, sprayed asbestos and calcium silicate recovered on site, despite being a very simple and inexpensive device that can be easily brought in and used at relatively small processing sites. Large asbestos-containing building materials such as boards can be safely and reliably reduced in volume without the risk of asbestos splashing around, thereby enabling transportation efficiency to landfills and recycling plants, and landfill disposal. It is possible to greatly improve the processing efficiency at the time.

  Further, when the asbestos-containing building material volume reduction piece A ′ compressed and reduced by the asbestos-containing building material volume reduction processing apparatus 1 is transported to a recycling plant and heated and melted for reprocessing, the screw conveyor 2, A predetermined amount of, for example, glycerin L ′, which is an alcohol compound instead of water, is stored in the casings 3 and 7 as a dustproof liquid. In the same manner as described above, each of the screw conveyors 2 and 6 is driven, and the asbestos-containing building material A is introduced from the charging hopper 10 of the screw conveyor 6 and sent to the tip of the screw conveyor 2 arranged in an inclined manner.

  At this time, since the glycerin L ′ is stored as a dust-proof liquid in the casings 3 and 7 of the screw conveyors 2 and 6, the asbestos-containing building material A is supplied for a certain period of time in the process of being fed and sent out. It will be completely immersed in the liquid of glycerin L ′. Then, when this asbestos-containing building material A is sent out to the narrowed portion 11 at the tip of the screw conveyor 2, it is gradually compressed and volume-reduced, and is eventually discharged from the discharge port 12 as a volume-reducing piece A '. At this time, since the surface and the inside of the asbestos-containing building material A are in a state where a large amount of glycerin L ′, which is an alcohol compound with high moisture retention, is attached or soaked, There is no fear that asbestos will be scattered from the asbestos-containing building material A into the atmosphere due to impact during compression reduction.

  The asbestos-containing building material volume reduction piece A ′ discharged from the screw conveyor 2 is put into the flexible container bag F, loaded onto a transport vehicle, etc., transported to a recycling factory, and installed in a kiln installed in the factory. It is heated and melted at a high temperature of about 1000 to 1500 ° C. to completely detoxify asbestos and perform a regeneration treatment. At this time, a large amount of glycerin L ′, which is a flammable alcohol compound, is attached or soaked on the surface and inside of the volume reducing piece A ′ of the asbestos-containing building material in the flexible container bag F. Since L ′ exhibits an auxiliary combustion effect at the time of heating and melting, it can be heated and melted very efficiently in a short time and can be regenerated well.

  In addition, alcoholic compounds such as glycerin have a high viscosity and may not easily penetrate into the asbestos-containing building material A as it is as a stock solution. For example, glycerin L ′, which is an alcoholic compound, may be added in an appropriate amount of water. If it is dissolved in glycerin and used as an aqueous glycerin solution, the permeability can be improved and the handleability can be greatly improved. In this case, it is inevitable that the auxiliary combustion effect is slightly reduced as compared with the glycerin stock solution, but a certain auxiliary combustion effect can be sufficiently expected by appropriately adjusting the concentration of the aqueous solution.

  In this way, on the surface and inside of asbestos-containing building materials such as sprayed asbestos and calcium silicate board, alcoholic compounds such as glycerin that has flammability in addition to moisture retention and water solubility are attached or soaked Since the volume of compression is reduced by the above, it is possible to surely prevent the asbestos from scattering into the atmosphere at the time of volume reduction. For this reason, the combustion efficiency is greatly improved, and it is possible to perform good processing in a short time.

  In addition to the glycerin employed in this example, various alcohol compounds can be considered, for example, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, polyvinyl alcohol, etc. alone or The same effect can be obtained even in a mixture of two or more kinds obtained by adding glycerin to these. In particular, as described above, since glycerin produced in a large amount as a by-product in the BDF production process is very inexpensive and easily available, It is possible to process at an extremely low cost, which is more preferable.

  Further, in this example, the dust-contained liquid was attached to or immersed in the asbestos-containing building material, and the compressed and reduced volume was once sealed in a flexible container bag, etc. For example, it is transported to a remote recycling factory, and a volume reduction piece of asbestos-containing building material in a flexible container bag is put into a kiln installed in this recycling factory and heated and melted. The volume treatment device 1 and the kiln are juxtaposed, and the discharge port 12 at the tip of the screw conveyor 2 of the volume reduction treatment device 1 is directly connected to the input port of the kiln, so that a dust-proof liquid such as an alcohol compound adheres or soaks. The volume-reduced piece A ′ of the asbestos-containing building material that has been put in may be directly put into the kiln and heat-melted.

It is explanatory drawing which shows one Example of the volume reduction processing apparatus of the asbestos containing building material which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 ... Volume reduction processing apparatus of asbestos containing building materials 2 ... Screw conveyor 3, 7 ... Casing 5, 9 ... Screw blade 6 ... Screw conveyor (feeding means) 10 ... Input hopper 11 ... Restriction part 12 ... Discharge port A ... Asbestos containing building material A '... Volume reduction piece of asbestos-containing building material F ... Flexible container back L ... Water (liquid for dust prevention)
L '... Glycerin (Dust-proof liquid)

Claims (4)

  The screw conveyor that sends out the asbestos-containing building material is slanted so that the delivery destination side is at a high position, and the input portion of the screw conveyor base end is provided with feeding means for feeding the asbestos-containing building material into the screw conveyor, An asbestos-containing building material characterized in that a volume reducing throttle formed so that the inner diameter gradually becomes smaller toward the tip is connected to the discharge part, and a dust-proof liquid is stored inside the screw conveyor. Volume reduction processing equipment.   The volume reduction processing apparatus for asbestos-containing building materials according to claim 1, wherein the dustproof liquid is water.   2. The volume reduction treatment apparatus for asbestos-containing building materials according to claim 1, wherein the dust-proof liquid is an alcohol compound or an aqueous solution of an alcohol compound adjusted to a predetermined concentration.   4. The asbestos-containing building material according to claim 3, wherein the alcohol compound is one or a mixture of two or more selected from glycerin, ethylene glycol, diethylene glycol, triethylene glycol, polyethylene glycol, and polyvinyl alcohol. Volume reduction processing equipment.

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