JP2008101363A - Columnar structure, its construction method, and concrete panel - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To enhance particularly transportability, earthquake resistance and resistance to wind damage, reduce manufacturing costs, and enhance working efficiency, in the construction of a large-scale main tower. <P>SOLUTION: A columnar structure 1 is constructed by constituting a peripheral wall in such a manner that concrete panels 2, the vertical portion of which is longer than a circumferential portion, are circumferentially and vertically combined together. In this case, the concrete panels 2 are circumferentially and vertically arranged with a void in between; reinforcements, which are protruded from a circumferential end and/or a vertical end, arranged with the void, are connected together by means of a mechanical joint 35; and the void is filled with a filler 36. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a reinforced concrete columnar structure represented by a tower for wind power generation or a caisson, a construction method thereof, and a concrete panel.

  In recent years, efforts related to global environmental conservation have been carried out on a global scale, and accordingly, a clean power generation system using natural energy has attracted attention. In particular, the wind power generation system is a power generation system that is practically used on a commercial scale among the power generation systems using natural energy, and the wind power generation system is practically used on a large scale particularly in Europe and the United States.

  In such a wind power generation system currently in practical use, a propeller is provided at the end of a rotating shaft to which a generator is connected via a speed increaser, and the rotating shaft is rotated by receiving wind with the propeller. A propeller type generator that generates power with a generator is known.

  The propeller support for supporting the propeller is composed of a tower-like structure standing on the main tower foundation, and the propeller is supported by the upper end of the tower-like structure. According to such a propeller support portion, it is possible to withstand the overturning moment and horizontal thrust caused by wind force, and to stably support the entire wind turbine.

  By the way, when constructing a tower-like structure for supporting such a propeller for wind power generation at the site, it is necessary to construct a large-scale construction facility at the site, and environmental destruction is also a problem. It was. In addition, the extension of the construction period and the construction cost increased.

  For this reason, conventionally, a main tower for a wind power generation facility that can be assembled in the field by dividing parts in the circumferential direction or in the vertical direction within the maximum length range that can be transported and constructed has been proposed (for example, patents). Reference 1). In the disclosed technique of Patent Document 1, for example, as shown in FIG. 5, the concrete element 110 a divided in the circumferential direction and the concrete element 110 b divided in the vertical direction are respectively combined. By standing up, the main tower 110 for wind power generation facilities is constructed. A propeller 112 with a built-in generator is mounted on the top of the main tower 110 for wind power generation facilities. FIG. 6 shows an example of a cross-sectional shape of the main tower 110 for wind power generation facilities. A sheath 191 is built in an arc shape within the thickness of the divided concrete element 190. In addition, the sheath 191 has a branch pipe 191 a that is opened in the inner wall of the concrete element 190. The branch pipe 191a is disposed so as to straddle the cut surface 192. For this reason, each concrete element can be connected by pulling out the PC cable inserted through the sheath 191 from the branch pipe 191a.

  Moreover, as another tower-like structure for wind power generation configured by combining parts, for example, as shown in Patent Document 2, a configuration in which prestress is introduced into a concrete tubular segment has been proposed. In particular, in the disclosed technique of Patent Document 2, it is possible to increase the resistance against horizontal load and improve the workability itself by providing a key portion and a key groove portion on the joint surface of the concrete cylindrical segment. It becomes.

  As another tower-like structure, a configuration in which a plurality of steel pipe portions are concentrically joined in the vertical direction has been proposed (see, for example, Patent Document 3). The outer surface of the steel pipe part is covered with precast concrete to construct a hollow structure having a hybrid structure. Then, a plurality of cylindrical units made of steel pipe portions and precast concrete are concentrically stacked and connected in the vertical direction. Thereby, the amount of reinforcing bars and the amount of concrete to be used can be reduced, and the weight of the entire structure can be reduced.

  Conventionally, a technique for constructing such a tower-like structure by combining a plurality of blocks has also been proposed.

  For example, Patent Document 4 discloses a technique in which when assembling upper and lower precast concrete blocks with each other, the assembly is performed without any trouble even if the circumferential position of the portion where the shear key is fitted is slightly shifted.

Also, each divided well block in which the entire length of the well body is divided into a plurality of parts is manufactured by placing concrete in the mold, and each divided well block is piled up at the installation location to introduce prestress throughout. Techniques have also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 5 and 6).
JP 2004-11210 A JP 2000-283019 A Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2004-19306 JP-A-6-65907 JP-A-3-147932 JP-A-3-219915 Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-155299

  By the way, especially in recent years, the main tower is also enlarged with the increase in the size of the propeller, and a main tower reaching a height of about 100 m is being constructed. In such a large main tower, it is necessary to make its earthquake-resistant structure and wind-resistant structure stronger, but by making each part made of steel, a high main tower can be constructed relatively easily.

  However, the steel main tower has a problem that it is quickly deteriorated due to corrosion, and resonance due to its rigidity becomes a problem. When each part is made of precast concrete in order to eliminate such problems as corrosion, the joints and joints that serve as the joints also serve as the starting points of destruction. Moreover, if the thickness of the precast concrete is increased in order to further improve the wind-resistant structure, there arises a problem that the transportability is lowered.

  For this reason, conventionally, a technique for constructing such a tower-like structure by combining a plurality of blocks has also been proposed.

  For example, Patent Document 4 discloses a technique in which when assembling upper and lower precast concrete blocks with each other, the assembly is performed without any trouble even if the circumferential position of the portion where the shear key is fitted is slightly shifted.

  Also, each divided well block in which the entire length of the well body is divided into a plurality of parts is manufactured by placing concrete in the mold, and each divided well block is piled up at the installation location to introduce prestress throughout. Techniques have also been proposed (see, for example, Patent Documents 5 and 6).

  Furthermore, Patent Document 7 proposes a method for constructing a columnar structure in which the shape of the panel forming the columnar structure is vertically long, the vertical direction is joined by PC steel, and the circumferential direction is connected by a steel member. The disclosed technique described in Patent Document 7 aims to reduce the structural weakness in the vertical direction by using a vertically long panel. However, in this construction method, circumferential joining is performed with steel members, and the steel members must be lifted and installed with a crane, which increases the amount of work at high places and increases work efficiency. There was a problem that the whole thing deteriorated. Further, in the disclosed technology described in Patent Document 7, since the adjacent panels in the circumferential direction are configured discontinuously, the amount of the steel member is increased and the cost is increased. there were.

  For this reason, it is necessary to reduce manufacturing costs by performing circumferential joining without using steel members, and it is also necessary to improve work efficiency.

  Therefore, the present invention has been devised in view of the above-described problems, and the object of the present invention is to improve transportability, earthquake resistance, and wind resistance particularly when constructing a large main tower. A further object is to provide a columnar structure, a construction method thereof, and a concrete panel capable of reducing the manufacturing cost and improving the working efficiency.

  In order to solve the above-described problem, the columnar structure to which the present invention is applied is a columnar structure in which a peripheral wall is configured by combining a concrete panel having a longer vertical direction than the circumferential direction in the circumferential direction and the vertical direction. The concrete panels are arranged with a gap therebetween in the circumferential direction and / or the vertical direction, and reinforcing bars are arranged at circumferential ends and / or vertical ends arranged with the gap therebetween. The reinforcing bars protruding from the adjacent concrete panels are connected by a mechanical joint, and the gap is filled with a filler.

  In order to solve the above-described problems, a method for constructing a columnar structure to which the present invention is applied comprises combining a concrete panel having a longer vertical direction than the circumferential direction in the circumferential direction and the vertical direction to form a peripheral wall. In the method for constructing a columnar structure, the concrete panels are arranged with a gap therebetween in the circumferential direction and / or the vertical direction, and a circumferential end portion arranged with the gap therebetween, and The reinforcing bars projecting from the vertical ends are connected by mechanical joints, and the gap is filled with a filler.

  In the present invention having the above-described configuration, the concrete panels adjacent in the circumferential direction are arranged apart from each other and in a non-contact state. For this reason, it is not necessary to manufacture the concrete panel in the circumferential direction with high accuracy. Moreover, in this invention which consists of an above-described structure, between the both ends of the reinforcing bar protruded in the circumferential direction is connected with a mechanical joint. For this reason, since it becomes impossible to use a mechanical joint if it divides | segments in the corner | angular part of a polygonal column, it forms in the position which shifted the circumferential direction edge part of the concrete panel from the corner | angular part to the last. As a result, the mechanical joint can be arranged on the peripheral wall of the concrete panel formed in a straight line.

  Furthermore, in the present invention having the above-described configuration, it is possible to perform the construction simply by connecting both ends of the reinforcing bar with mechanical joints and further filling the gap formed between the notch and the circumferential end portion with a filler. it can. For this reason, it is not necessary to use a crane to pull up and install the steel member as in the prior art, the work amount at a high place can be reduced, and the overall work efficiency can be improved. In addition, even if the concrete panels adjacent in the circumferential direction are discontinuously configured, it is sufficient to connect both ends of the reinforcing bars with mechanical joints without arranging the constituent members, thereby reducing the construction cost. It becomes possible.

  Hereinafter, as a best mode for carrying out the present invention, for example, a reinforced concrete columnar structure represented by a tower for wind power generation or a caisson will be described in detail with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 shows the overall structure of a columnar structure 1 to which the present invention is applied. The columnar structure 1 includes a main tower foundation 11 and a concrete panel 2 constructed on the main tower foundation 11. The columnar structure 1 has a cylindrical shape as shown in FIG. 2A and a polygonal cross section.

  A tower building block 2 as a unit is configured by dividing the peripheral wall 5 constituting the columnar structure 1 at a predetermined angular interval in the circumferential direction and by dividing at a predetermined interval in the vertical direction. Will be. The space between the concrete panels 2 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is not limited to the case where the concrete panels 2 are fixed in close contact with each other. In the following example, a description will be given by taking as an example a case where they are fixedly arranged with a slight gap therebetween.

  FIG. 2B shows an enlarged view of the concrete panel 2. The concrete panel 2 has a shape obtained by dividing the peripheral surface excluding the corner 2a of the polygonal column. That is, the circumferential end 2b of the concrete panel 2 is formed at a position shifted from the corner 2a. The circumferential end 2b may be formed at any position on the circumferential surface between the corners 2a. As a result, one concrete panel 2 has a cross-sectional configuration including one corner 2a. Incidentally, the notch 33 is formed in the front side and the back side in the edge part of this concrete panel 2, respectively. Further, a reinforcing bar 32 is provided around the concrete panel 2 in the circumferential direction. The reinforcing bar 32 is provided in two stages on the front side and the back side. Both ends of the reinforcing bar 32 protrude at the notches 33, respectively.

  When connecting the concrete panel 2 which consists of such a structure toward the circumferential direction, as shown, for example in FIG. 3, the concrete panel 2 is arrange | positioned at intervals in the circumferential direction. Next, the mechanical joint 35 connects between both ends of the reinforcing bar 32 protruding at the notch 33 in the adjacent concrete panel 2. Then, a filler 36 is filled in the gap formed between the notch 33 and the circumferential end 2b. Incidentally, as the filler 36, for example, concrete, mortar, fiber-mixed concrete, fiber-mixed mortar, or the like may be used. The distance between the circumferential end portions 2b of the concrete panels 2 adjacent to each other in the circumferential direction is preferably adjusted at an interval that allows the filler 36 to be filled. Further, the concrete panels 2 that are combined in a ring shape in the circumferential direction are sequentially connected to other concrete panels 2 adjacent in the vertical direction to be stacked upward. For example, when this columnar structure 1 is applied as a tower for wind power generation, a propeller or the like is attached at the top.

  The mechanical joint 35 is a screw-type rebar joint, an end thread joint, a filling joint, a combined joint, a crimp joint, or the like.

  When the mechanical joint 35 is a screw-type reinforcing bar joint, the node of the reinforcing bar 32 is formed in a screw shape in advance. The node of the reinforcing bar 32 formed in the screw shape is attached with a coupler. There is an advantage that the stress transmission performance can be confirmed only by confirming the insertion length of the coupler. The end screw joint is a method of machining the end of the reinforcing bar 32 into a screw shape or attaching another screw to the end of the reinforcing bar and joining them. When the end portion is threaded, it is desirable to prevent the strength of the threaded portion from becoming smaller than the strength of the base material by performing special processing such as quenching. Incidentally, a friction welding method is desirable as a method of attaching another screw to the end portion. The filling type joint is a construction method in which non-shrink mortar is filled between a steel pipe and a deformed reinforcing bar, and stress is transmitted from the node of the deformed reinforcing bar through the mortar and the steel pipe. When this construction method is applied, a steel pipe is covered on the reinforcing bar 32, and the gap is filled with non-shrink mortar. The combined joint is a combined type of the above joint.

  As described above, in the present invention, the concrete panels 2 adjacent in the circumferential direction are spaced apart from each other and arranged in a non-contact state. For this reason, it is no longer necessary to manufacture the concrete panel 2 with a high accuracy per circumferential end.

  In the present invention, both ends of the reinforcing bars 32 protruding in the circumferential direction are connected by the mechanical joint 35. For this reason, if it divides | segments in the corner | angular part 2a of a polygonal column, since it will become impossible to use the mechanical coupling 35, the circumferential direction edge part 2b of the concrete panel 2 should be formed in the position shifted from the corner | angular part 2a to the last. ing. As a result, the mechanical joint 35 can be disposed on the peripheral wall of the concrete panel 2 formed in a straight line.

  Moreover, in this invention, it connects by connecting between the both ends of the reinforcing bar 32 with the mechanical joint 35, and also fills the clearance gap formed between the notch 33 and the circumferential direction edge part 2b, and can perform construction. it can. For this reason, it is not necessary to use a crane to pull up and install the steel member as in the prior art, the work amount at a high place can be reduced, and the overall work efficiency can be improved. Moreover, even if the concrete panels 2 adjacent in the circumferential direction are discontinuously configured, it is sufficient to connect both ends of the reinforcing bar 32 with the mechanical joint 35 without arranging the constituent members. Can be reduced.

  Moreover, the columnar structure 1 to which the present invention is applied may connect the concrete panels 2 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction by using another rebar or PC steel material. Thus, the concrete resists the compressive force applied in the vertical direction, and the tensile force can be resisted by other reinforcing bars or PC steel materials. Incidentally, you may make it arrange | position this reinforcing bar or PC steel materials toward the circumferential direction.

  In addition, the concrete panel 2 can have a panel (precast) structure to save labor and shorten the construction period.

  Moreover, this concrete panel 2 can also be manufactured at a construction site. In such a case, a large-scale carrying-in facility is not required, and the construction period can be further shortened. In addition, since the concrete panel 2 can be mounted on a transport vehicle such as a truck, it can be manufactured in large quantities in advance in a factory or the like and transported to a construction site.

  Furthermore, the columnar structure 1 can be further strengthened in earthquake resistance and wind resistance by arranging pre-stress by arranging a PC steel material in the vertical direction as necessary. Incidentally, the introduction of prestress through the PC steel material may be performed in the circumferential direction, or may be performed in both the vertical direction and the circumferential direction.

  Furthermore, the concrete panel 2 can reduce the horizontal joint by configuring the vertical direction longer than the circumferential direction. At this time, the circumferential direction may be configured to be about 2 m in order to have a transportable length, and the vertical direction is configured to be a length (about 10 to 20 m) that is possible depending on the capacity of the lifting crane. May be. Thus, when a large main tower of about 100 m is constructed, if the length of the concrete panel 2 in the circumferential direction is about 10 m, the concrete panel 2 is completed by stacking 10 stages. The construction period can be shortened while reducing the horizontal joints, and the labor and cost can be reduced.

  In particular, when the columnar structure 1 to which the present invention is applied is applied as a tower for wind power generation, the concrete panel 2 can be configured in a shape divided into a plurality of parts in the circumferential direction. Thereby, the production of the concrete panel 2 can be performed not only at the factory but also at the construction site, and the cost for constructing the tower for wind power generation can be greatly reduced. Moreover, since the concrete panel 2 constituting the columnar structure 1 can be configured as a so-called hybrid type in which a steel pipe is embedded, it is possible to easily assemble, and as a result, the columnar structure 1 itself can be easily constructed. It becomes possible.

  The present invention is not limited to the embodiment described above. For example, as shown in FIG. 4, a notch 39 is provided at the vertical end 2 c of the concrete panel 2, and a reinforcing bar 40 is embedded in the concrete panel 2 in the vertical direction. The reinforcing bars 40 are provided in two stages on the front side and the back side. And the edge part of this reinforcing bar 40 protrudes in the notch 39, respectively.

  When connecting the concrete panel 2 which consists of such a structure toward a perpendicular direction, the concrete panel 2 is arrange | positioned at intervals in the perpendicular direction. You may make it use a crane when arrange | positioning at this space | interval. Next, between the both ends of the reinforcing bar 40 projected at the notch 39 in the concrete panel 2 adjacent in the vertical direction is connected by the mechanical joint 35. Then, a filler 36 is filled in the gap formed between the notch 39 and the vertical end 2c.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 4, the concrete panels 2 adjacent in the vertical direction in addition to the circumferential direction are spaced apart from each other and arranged in a non-contact state. For this reason, in addition to the circumferential direction end part of the concrete panel 2, it is not necessary to manufacture the vertical direction end part with high accuracy.

  In the configuration shown in FIG. 4, both ends of the reinforcing bar 40 are connected by the mechanical joint 35, and the filler 36 is only filled in the gap formed between the notch 39 and the vertical end 2c. Construction can be performed. For this reason, it becomes possible to improve the whole work efficiency and to reduce construction cost.

  In the present invention, the configuration of the reinforcing bars 32 and the notches 33 arranged in the circumferential direction is omitted, and the notch 39 is provided only in the vertical end 2c of the concrete panel 2 and only the reinforcing bars 40 are provided in the vertical direction. You may make it embed toward.

  Moreover, in the example mentioned above, although the case where it applied as the columnar structure 1 which consists of polygonal cross sections to the last was demonstrated as an example, it is not limited to this. For example, the columnar structure 1 may be configured to have a circular cross section.

  Further, the present invention may be applied to a caisson. In such a case, the columnar structure 1 used as a caisson is manufactured on the ground based on the above-described steps. And the inside of this columnar structure 1 is excavated, and the columnar structure 1 is pushed down into the ground. Next, in the upper part of the columnar structure 1 pushed down to a certain depth, the concrete structure 2 is further combined to construct the cast structure 1 in a substantially vertical direction, and this is pushed down toward the ground.

  By repeatedly executing this process, after reaching the support layer ground, it is backfilled, and when it is backfilled to a certain depth, a footing is constructed and a ground part is constructed.

  That is, when applying the present invention to a caisson, it is needless to say that the same effect as described above can be obtained.

It is a figure which shows the whole structure of the columnar structure to which this invention is applied. It is a figure which shows the cross-sectional shape of a columnar structure. It is a figure for demonstrating the connection method of the concrete panel adjacent to the circumferential direction. It is a perspective view of a concrete panel. It is a figure for demonstrating about a prior art example. It is a figure for demonstrating about another prior art example.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Columnar structure 2 Concrete panel 5 Peripheral wall 32, 40 Reinforcing bar 33, 39 Notch 35 Mechanical joint 36 Filler

Claims (4)

In the columnar structure which constituted the peripheral wall by combining the concrete panel that is configured longer than the circumferential direction in the circumferential direction and the vertical direction,
The concrete panels are arranged with a gap therebetween in the circumferential direction and / or the vertical direction, and reinforcing bars protrude from the circumferential end and / or the vertical end arranged with the gap. And
A columnar structure characterized in that reinforcing bars protruding from adjacent concrete panels are connected by a mechanical joint, and the gap is filled with a filler. It has a polygonal column shape,
The columnar structure according to claim 1, wherein the concrete panel has a shape obtained by dividing a peripheral surface excluding corners of a polygonal column.   A concrete panel applied to the columnar structure according to claim 1. In the columnar structure construction method of constructing a columnar structure by configuring a peripheral wall by combining a concrete panel having a longer vertical direction than the circumferential direction in the circumferential direction and the vertical direction,
The concrete panels are arranged with a gap therebetween in the circumferential direction and / or the vertical direction,
A columnar structure characterized by connecting the reinforcing bars protruding from the circumferential end and / or the vertical end arranged with a gap therebetween by a mechanical joint, and further filling the gap with a filler. How to build.

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