JP2008050860A - Aseismic structure, and aseismic strengthening method using curved crustal pipe - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a lightweight aseismatic structure which can aseismically strengthen a building in a shape with delicacy without decreasing the utility value of the building, which can be inexpensively and easily constructed in a short period of time, which can be finely adjusted depending on a load and which enables a change in strengthening after construction, and an aseismic strengthening method. <P>SOLUTION: The aseismatic structure characteristically comprises: a curved crustal pipe 3 which constitutes a curved strengthening body filled with a filler and having a shape including an oval or U-shaped curved arc when it is seen from a longitudinal side surface, and which aseismically strengthens a side surface of the building 1 by the curved strengthening body; and a connecting body 5 which connects the pipe 3 to the building 1 or a vertical column 4. The aseismic strengthening method is mainly characterized as follows: the curved strengthening body, which has the shape including the oval or U-shaped curved arc when it is seen from the longitudinal side surface, is composed of the pipe 3; and aseismic strengthening is performed by connecting the curved strengthening body to the building 1 or the vertical column 4 by means of the connecting body 5. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to an earthquake-resistant structure that seismically reinforces an existing building or a new building by using a curved shell pipe, and an earthquake-resistant reinforcement method using a curved shell pipe.

  In recent years, huge earthquakes have frequently occurred in various places. These earthquakes destroyed highways and railway piers, collapsed retaining walls, and destroyed buildings, causing serious damage to various parts of the country. The damages reported in these earthquakes were the most brittle fractures due to insufficient shear force at the bottom of the column when the horizontal force of the earthquake was applied. Following this damage, destruction occurred in the order of about 1/3 of the height in the longitudinal direction from the center or the bottom of the column, and further to the top of the column. In the case of structures with a ramen structure, in many cases, the central part is destroyed, and it has been reported that the beam was destroyed at the central part and the end part of the beam.

  These lessons of earthquake damage are expected to be used in the design of new buildings, but existing buildings that have already been constructed, or buildings that have been found not to have sufficient earthquake resistance even during construction. In the case of a major earthquake in the future, it may collapse. Therefore, what kind of reinforcement should be performed on the building is a problem.

  Currently, there are three methods for seismic retrofit. The first is seismic reinforcement, the second is seismic reinforcement, and the third is seismic isolation. The first seismic reinforcement is intended to increase the earthquake resistance of the building or to improve toughness (flexibility and deformation performance). Of these, the former corresponds to the installation of seismic walls, braces, etc., and the latter corresponds to reinforcement to provide flexibility to the columns and beams. The second type of seismic retrofit is to reduce damage to buildings by installing seismic dampers in high-rise buildings to absorb seismic energy. The third seismic isolation reinforcement is intended to reduce damage to buildings by providing seismic isolation structures under the foundation and intermediate floors to greatly reduce the seismic force transmitted from the ground.

  Now, as this seismic isolation structure, the base isolation structure comprised from the conventional pipe is proposed (refer patent document 1). This seismic isolation structure is composed of a plurality of elongated, relatively flexible pipes filled with concrete. The pipe is firmly connected to the building and extended toward the lower foundation, and at least some of the pipes are connected to the foundation so that the building does not fall over. The main load bearing column is placed on the foundation to receive this pipe row and a bearing device is inserted between the upper end of the column and the structure to allow lateral movement between them. Further, by absorbing the lateral rigidity from the load bearing force of the column, the acceleration force of the ground is prevented from being transferred to the protective building.

  With this configuration, buildings and other buildings can be protected during an earthquake. However, the seismic isolation structure of Patent Document 1 requires foundation work, and is unfit to reinforce existing buildings with a short construction period and low cost.

  In response to such difficulties, there has been proposed an earthquake-resistant reinforcement structure in which an existing construction is subjected to earthquake-proof reinforcement and vibration-damping reinforcement (see Patent Document 2). The seismic reinforcement structure of Patent Document 2 is a seismic reinforcement structure using a seismic wall and braces, and also serves as a seismic reinforcement using a seismic damper. In order to perform seismic reinforcement in the girder direction of existing buildings, a new reinforcement frame was installed on the wife side, and this reinforcement frame was erected on the outside of the existing outer peripheral column located on the outer wall surface of the existing building. It consists of a new column (concrete-filled steel pipe column), a new beam erected between the new column and the existing outer column, a vibration damper installed in the form of a brace, and a horizontal brace.

  This damping damper is composed of a damper body and a restraining member. The damper body is a strip-shaped steel plate that functions as a brace and yields in the axial direction and functions as a damper. The restraining member is mounted on the outside of the damper body. It restrains the out-of-plane buckling. Concrete-filled steel pipe columns are adopted as the new columns. As a result, seismic reinforcement for existing buildings can be performed with a simple structure.

  However, the earthquake-proof reinforcement structure of Patent Document 2 requires that a new pillar be erected on the wife side of an existing building and a complicated reinforcement frame made up of a large number of beams and braces be installed on the wife side. The appearance gives the impression that a scaffold is under construction, and it cannot be said that it is a simple structure, and for residents it is difficult to live in terms of sunlight, ventilation, etc. And the surrounding landscape. In addition, the weight is inevitably increased and the cost is increased.

  And, if you want to make the earthquake resistance thorough with this seismic reinforcement structure, you have no choice but to surround the building with this earthquake resistance reinforcement structure, and this will definitely impair your comfort. Therefore, this seismic reinforcement structure had a big contradiction between habitability and earthquake resistance. Therefore, it was a technology that was difficult to spread.

  Now, the inventor has already made a shell-pipe seismic structure that is lightweight, simple and can be constructed in a short period of time, and can be finely adjusted according to the degree of load, and can be easily changed after reinforcement. A method for seismic reinforcement of shell pipe using the body has been proposed (Japanese Patent Application No. 2006-154363). This shell-pipe seismic structure is composed of a plurality of shell pipes that make seismic reinforcement in contact with the side of the structure, and a connection that presses the shell pipe against the side of the structure in order to unify the movement of the structure during an earthquake. It has a body.

  The shell pipe proposed by the present inventor does not reinforce the building with a reinforcing frame by standing up a rigid steel pipe column that hardly deforms like the new column of Patent Document 2, but it is easy to deform one by one. A large number of bundles are deformed to absorb earthquake energy and delay the destruction of the structure. Therefore, each shell pipe is a material that is thin and flexible, but it has the possibility of avoiding the seismic reinforcement structure that has earthquake resistance by combining multiple pipes and impairs the habitability like Patent Document 2. It is what you have.

  In addition, although it is not a linear member like the conventional brace material, there exist some which analyzed the bending when a circular ring received various loads, and disclosed the amount of bending (for example, refer nonpatent literature 1). ).

JP-A-6-81514 JP 2004-176460 A Mechanical Engineering Handbook A4-41-42 (issued September 30, 1991)

  In the seismic isolation structure described in Patent Document 1 described above, when an earthquake acts, first, the filling inside the pipe is plastically deformed to absorb the horizontal force of the earthquake and cope with the earthquake. This seismic isolation structure supports the building in series as the foundation, and it is necessary to install it in the foundation part at the stage of building the building. It is necessary to reinforce the existing building at a short construction period and at low cost. It was difficult. In addition, because it is a seismic isolation structure installed in the foundation part, it is highly likely that the packing will be unusable after a single earthquake, and repair will be expensive and will absorb seismic force repeatedly. Had to install a seismic damper separately, which increased the cost.

  Moreover, although the reinforcement structure of patent document 2 performs seismic strengthening and seismic reinforcement, a new pillar is erected on the wife side of the building, and a reinforcement frame is provided between the new pillar and the outer wall surface on the wife side. Needed to be installed. The structure of the impression as if a scaffold was provided was detrimental to habitability and the landscape. In addition, this structure is expensive and has a conflicting relationship between earthquake resistance, habitability, and landscape.

  Buildings have environmental changes and deterioration over time, and may require further reinforcement due to changes in seismic standards and design methods according to laws and regulations. However, the reinforcement structures disclosed in Patent Documents 1 and 2 cannot change the reinforcement once performed or finely adjust the reinforcement. In addition, it is desirable to respond quickly to earthquakes, be able to renovate buildings at low cost and in a short construction period, not damage the surrounding landscape, and rather be able to renovate buildings to add elegance.

  Therefore, in order to solve such a problem, the present invention can be seismically reinforced into a shape with elegance without impairing the utility value of the building, and is lightweight, inexpensive and simple, and can be constructed in a short period of time. An object of the present invention is to provide a seismic structure and a seismic strengthening method capable of fine adjustment according to load and capable of changing reinforcement after construction.

  The seismic structure of the present invention is a curved shell pipe having an elliptical shape or a U-shaped curved arc when filled with a filler and viewed from the side in the longitudinal direction thereof. Mainly comprising: a curved reinforcing body that performs seismic reinforcement on a side surface; and a connecting body that connects an end portion of the curved reinforcing body to the building or a reinforcing column that is erected near the building. Features.

  The seismic reinforcement method using the curved shell pipe according to the present invention is a curved shell pipe filled with a filler inside the pipe, and is elliptical or U-shaped when viewed from the longitudinal side by the curved shell pipe. A main feature is that a curved reinforcing body having a shape including a curved arc is configured, and the curved reinforcing body is connected to a building or a reinforcing column standing beside the building by a connecting body to be seismically reinforced. To do.

  According to the seismic structure and the seismic reinforcement method of the present invention, it is possible to reinforce the seismic reinforcement necessary and sufficient for any existing or new building, and without damaging the utility value of the building. It can be reinforced to add graceful design to the exterior of the building by using the elegance of, and it is lightweight, inexpensive and easy, can be installed in a short period of time, and can be finely adjusted according to the load, It is easy to change the reinforcement after construction.

  According to a first aspect of the present invention, a curved shell pipe having an elliptical shape or a U-shaped curved arc when viewed from the side in the longitudinal direction and filled with a filler is used, and the curved shell pipe is used to construct a building. A curved reinforcing body that performs seismic reinforcement on the side surface of the housing, and a connecting body that connects an end portion of the curved reinforcing body to a building or a reinforcing column that is erected on the side of the building. It is an earthquake resistant structure. With this configuration, both existing and new buildings can be reinforced with sufficient seismic resistance, and the gracefulness of the curved shell pipe can be used without damaging the utility value of the building. Reinforcement with design can be done, it is lightweight, inexpensive and simple, can be constructed in a short period of time, can be finely adjusted according to the load, and can easily change the reinforcement after construction.

  The second form of the present invention is a form subordinate to the first form, wherein the curved reinforcing body is a combination of an ellipse or a pair of an ellipse, a circle or an arc whose main part is a combination of an ellipse or part thereof. A seismic structure characterized by having an elliptical shape as a main part, an elliptical shape as a main part by combining a part of a parabola, or an elliptical shape composed of spline curves Is the body. With this configuration, it becomes easy to create a curved reinforcing body having an elliptical shape, and an inexpensive earthquake-resistant structure can be obtained.

  According to a third aspect of the present invention, there is provided a seismic structure characterized in that the curved reinforcing member is a brace material provided on a side surface of a building. is there. With this configuration, the wall portion can be reinforced with sufficient seismic resistance in both existing and new buildings.

  The 4th form of this invention is a form subordinate to any one of the 1st-3rd form, Comprising: A building is a hierarchical building which has a several floor, It is an earthquake-resistant structure characterized by the above-mentioned. With this configuration, it is possible to seismically reinforce a hierarchical building having a plurality of floors such as an apartment or a building as necessary.

  The 5th form of this invention is a form subordinate to any one of the 1st-3rd form, Comprising: A building is a detached building, It is an earthquake-resistant structure characterized by the above-mentioned. With this configuration, a detached building can be seismically reinforced in a short period of time and with sufficient and sufficient strength.

A sixth form of the present invention is a form subordinate to the first to fifth forms, wherein the building includes a piloty structure, and the curved reinforcing body is an earthquake-resistant structure that seismically reinforces the piloty structure. With this configuration, the piloty structure can be seismically reinforced for a short period of time and with sufficient and necessary strength, and the load can be increased by making the most of the space.

The seventh aspect of the present invention is a form subordinate to the fourth or fifth form, and when the building has a plurality of floors, the curved reinforcing member is provided over each floor or the plurality of floors. It is an earthquake resistant structure characterized by seismic reinforcement. With this configuration, the reinforcement form can be freely changed depending on the weight acting on the building.

  According to an eighth aspect of the present invention, a curved shell pipe is formed by filling a pipe with a filler, and includes an elliptical or U-shaped curved arc when viewed from the longitudinal side by the curved shell pipe. Seismic reinforcement with a curved shell pipe, comprising a curved reinforcing body, wherein the curved reinforcing body is connected to a building or a reinforcing column erected on the side of the building with a connecting body for seismic reinforcement. Is the method. With this configuration, both existing and new buildings can be reinforced with sufficient seismic resistance, and the gracefulness of the curved shell pipe can be used without damaging the utility value of the building. Reinforcement with design can be done, it is lightweight, inexpensive and simple, can be constructed in a short period of time, can be finely adjusted according to the load, and can easily change the reinforcement after construction.

  A ninth form of the present invention is an aspect subordinate to the eighth form, and is a seismic reinforcement method using a curved shell pipe characterized in that a curved reinforcing body is provided as a brace material in a building. With this configuration, the wall portion can be reinforced with sufficient seismic resistance in both existing and new buildings.

(Example 1)
A seismic reinforcement structure for reinforcing a building such as an apartment house or a building in Example 1 of the present invention and a seismic reinforcement method using a curved shell pipe will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is an overall view of an earthquake-resistant structure for reinforcing a building in Example 1 of the present invention, FIG. 2 (a) is an explanatory view of a main part of the earthquake-resistant structure in Example 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 2A is an explanatory diagram when the seismic structure is circular, FIG. 2C is an explanatory diagram when the seismic structure of FIG. 2A is buckled by two shell pipes, and FIG. 3 is concrete and reinforced concrete, shell FIG. 4A is an explanatory view of an earthquake-resistant structure that reinforces the piloty structure in Example 1 of the present invention, and FIG. 4B is an earthquake-resistant structure that reinforces the piloty structure including the arch. FIG. 5 is an explanatory diagram for fixing the earthquake resistant structure of the piloty structure in the first embodiment of the present invention, and FIG. 6 (a) is an earthquake resistant structure for reinforcing the ceiling of the piloty structure in the first embodiment of the present invention. FIG. 6 (b) is a first embodiment of the present invention. It is an illustration of another seismic structures to reinforce the ceiling definitive pilotis structure.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 1 denotes a building such as an apartment house such as a condominium or a building (a hierarchical building having a plurality of floors of the present invention). The building 1 is provided with an opening located in a wall portion such as a window or a glass door. In addition, in Example 1, although the existing building is demonstrated as the building 1, it cannot be overemphasized that it may be a new building. 2 is an earthquake-resistant structure for seismic reinforcement of the building 1 and is attached to a pillar supporting a wall surface provided with openings such as windows and glass doors as described above, or is in contact with or close to the wall surface (wife side). Installed in a state. Even if it is not in normal contact, it is sufficient if it can be touched during an earthquake to absorb the power of the earthquake.

  Next, in FIG. 1, 3 is a curved crustace pipe which has an elliptical shape when viewed from the side in the longitudinal direction and constitutes the seismic structure 2. The elliptical shape is optimal, but in addition to the elliptical shape composed of a pair of arcs in some cases, a shape that is partially elliptical or curved with a U-shaped curved arc as a main part (the present invention) It is also possible to include a curved shell pipe having a U-shaped curved arc in the first embodiment. A pair of curved reinforcements for seismic reinforcement of the side surface of the building 1 is formed by such an elliptical curved shell pipe 3.

  The curved reinforcement, that is, the curved shell pipe 3, absorbs the energy of the earthquake, especially at least the first wave with a large impact, due to its shape and structure, which may cause buckling or yielding. Even so, the destruction of the building 1 is avoided.

  Reference numeral 4 denotes a vertical column (reinforcing column of the present invention) used when the earthquake-resistant structure 2 is provided in contact with the side surface of the building 1. Therefore, as described above, when the earthquake-resistant structure 2 is directly attached to the outer column of the building 1, it is not necessary to provide it. However, the existing building 1 or the like may be designed with no strength margin to allow this attachment. In such a case, the vertical pillar 4 is preferably erected.

  In the case of a conventional seismic structure, at least this vertical column had to be erected, but the seismic structure of Example 1 can be selected in any case. It is better to install it directly in terms of design. For example, when the building 1 is a rectangular parallelepiped, the side surfaces of the building 1 on which the seismic structure 2 is provided are preferably provided on all four sides, but the two side surfaces on the long side where the greatest compression and tension are applied are preferentially reinforced. Is preferred. In the case of a conventional seismic structure, such reinforcement greatly impairs habitability and the like, and if it is not reinforced, it will not be seismic reinforcement.

  Next, reference numeral 5 denotes a connecting portion (connecting body of the present invention) for connecting the end of the curved reinforcing body constituted by the curved shell pipe 3 to the vertical column 4. At the time of the earthquake, at least one of the connecting part 5 and the vertical pillar 4 standing near the building 1 is in contact with the pillar on the outer wall surface of the building 1 and the vertical pillar 4 partially applies the force applied to the building 1. To pay. The connecting portion 5 may be a metal fitting or the like. When the vertical column 4 is not installed, the connecting portion 5 serves as a fixing member for directly attaching the curved shell pipe 3 to the column on the outer wall surface of the building 1. Reference numeral 6 denotes a pilotity that serves as an entrance and a parking lot provided in the building 1. Reference numeral 7 denotes a U-shaped curved shell pipe for reinforcing the piloty 6. Details thereof will be described later.

  Now, the curved shell pipe 3 of the first embodiment will be described in detail with reference to FIGS. 2 (a), (b), (c) and FIG. The curved shell pipe 3 shown in FIG. 2 (a) is a flat oval, and is an enlarged version of the curved shell pipe 3 of FIG. This type has the strongest spring action. In the XX cross section, 30 is a fiber reinforced synthetic resin such as FRP or glass fiber, or a pipe made of metal such as iron, and 31 is a resin, mortar, concrete, or the like filled in the curved shell pipe 3. It is a filler such as sand. Filled with a filler that has a high resistance to external compression. Further, the curved shape (elliptical shape) of the curved shell pipe 3 may be all or part of a circle (arc), part of an ellipse, part of a parabola, even if the shape of the ellipse itself is used. An arc such as a spline curve may be used. When combining a pair using a part of arcs, it is sufficient if this is an elliptical shape that is the main part of the elliptical shape. That is, the oval shape referred to in the present specification does not mean that the cross section perpendicular to the longitudinal direction is an oval shape, and the side surface in the longitudinal direction may be approximately an oval shape. A shape that is linearly approximated by a plurality of straight lines is also included. And it does not necessarily need to be a shape closed by a pair of curved arcs, and may be a curved reinforcing body including one U-shaped curved arc as a main part. However, in terms of strength, a perfect elliptical shape is preferable, and even if such a U-shaped curved reinforcement is adopted, it is partially adopted in the complete elliptical curved reinforcement. It is preferable to do this. Alternatively, it is desirable to use it for reinforcing a later-described piloty structure.

  Now, the shape of the shell pipe 2 viewed from the side in the longitudinal direction is an elliptical shape, but the cross-sectional shape of the circular pipe having a uniform cross section in the longitudinal direction as shown in FIG. It is easy to obtain and desirable. However, the pipe is not limited to a circle, and may be any pipe, for example, a polygonal (cylindrical) pipe such as a quadrangular or hexagonal pipe, and any pipe having a wall thickness and at least a hollow portion formed therein. A pipe structure that has a required combination strength can be used even if it has a pipe structure. The outer shape of the pipe and the shape of the hollow portion may be partially changed in the middle of the longitudinal direction. That is, a pipe having a uniform cross section in the longitudinal direction is also suitable as a material as described above, but a pipe having a node (unevenness) formed in the middle, such as bamboo, or a pipe wound in the longitudinal direction, such as a spiral A pipe having a cross-sectional shape whose cross section changes in a shape is also suitable.

  If the explanation is further continued, the end portions A and B of the elliptical long axis (end portions of the curved reinforcing body of the present invention) are connected and supported by the connecting portion 5, but the two ends shown in FIG. Even though the shaft ends A and B are separately connected to the connecting portion 5 as in the shell pipe (two arcuate members 3a and 3b), the integrated loop-shaped curved shell pipe 3 is connected to the end A, Either may be connected to the connecting portion 5 by B. When a compressive load W is applied to the shaft ends A and B from the major axis side, the major axis side contracts and the minor axis side swells at the same time, and the curved shell pipe 3 is bent to absorb the force.

  Even if it can support the load with such a curve, it seems that a large force cannot be absorbed, but the beam of Japanese wooden giant buildings represented by Horyu-ji is demonstrating this. In these huge buildings, the beams are not sawed into a prismatic shape, but natural wood is used as it is in an elegant shape that repels upwards, and the huge load from the roof is bent by several hundreds It has been supporting for thousands of years and has endured earthquakes that have struck many times. This is because the natural curved structure of natural wood creates a spring action and supports the load on the roof. It is thought that this bounce is one of the major factors that have allowed a huge building to withstand a heavy load.

Thus, the action of the curved shape of the curved shell pipe 3 will be further described with reference to FIGS. 2 (b) is subjected to any compressive load W from the x-axis direction in a circular curved shell pipe 3, the width of only the x-axis direction deflection width D _x is shortened, only the deflection width D _y min y-axis direction width Indicates a swollen state. A circle is one of the extreme shapes in an elliptical shape.

The amount of deflection at this time is given by (Equation 1) (see, for example, Non-Patent Document 1). Here, the deflection width _Dx is an increase on the x-axis side due to the deflection (a decrease in FIG. 2B), and the deflection width _Dy is an increase on the y-axis side. Not described since it does not directly related to the width D _y deflection here. At this time, when the diameter of the ring formed by the curved shell pipe 3 is l, the apparent longitudinal elastic modulus is E, and the cross-sectional secondary moment is I, the width D _x is (Expression 1). When the angle from the y-axis to the direction in which the load W acts is α, and α = π / 2 as shown in FIG. 2B, the value of (Equation 1) is D _x = 0.148Wl ³ / 8EI.

For comparison, a round bar having a length l, a longitudinal elastic modulus E ^* , a diameter d, and a strain amount λ is considered as shown in the right diagram of FIG. 2C, and a load W ^* is applied thereto. When the relationship between the load W ^* and the strain λ in the case is obtained, λ = 4W ^* 1 / πE ^* d ² is obtained. Further, when the circular section crustaceans pipe 3 in a circular pipe of diameter d, the moment of inertia of area I for simplicity almost equal to a solid rod, an _{^{I = πd 4/64, D}} x = 0.148 × 8Wl ³ / πEd ⁴

When the loads W and W ^{* at} which the strain amount λ and the deflection width D _{x of the} rod have the same value are obtained, W / W ^* = 3.38 (E / E ^* ) (d / l) ² . Now, apart from the case where the conventional seismic design concept is seismic control or seismic isolation, the main purpose is not to allow deformation as much as possible. Therefore, the longitudinal elastic modulus E ^* of the comparative example is that of a rigid member, and E / When E ^* is evaluated to be about 1 to 10 and d is about 10% of l, W is about 4% to 40% of W ^* . Therefore, the load W supported by this circular ring is slightly smaller than W ^* . However, (ratio of the width D _x deflection to strain amount lambda) degree of deformation becomes larger than 2 times despite a load.

On the other hand, when the elliptical shape is made into a flat elliptical loop whose major axis is much larger than the minor axis, in the limit, as shown in the left diagram of FIG. It approaches a thing which supports the load W with a round bar here. The two bars are another extreme shape in an elliptical shape. At this time, it is considered that the load W approaches 2 (E / E ^* ) times W ^* . Of course, since the loop is formed, it exhibits great deformability and has a spring action.

  From the above, if the ellipse is flattened, it can support a large load more than twice with the same strain as a round bar, and can absorb the energy of earthquakes by flexing. In this case, the load to be supported is slightly reduced, but it can be seen that the energy of the earthquake can be absorbed by bending greatly with respect to the same load. This intermediate ellipse is considered to show an intermediate tendency.

  Now, the basic concept of the seismic design according to the present invention will be described. In general, it is almost enough to buffer the impact of the first wave of the earthquake (S wave) to avoid the destruction of the building due to the earthquake. (Strain of 10 mm / 1000 mm). And as a countermeasure for buffering the shock caused by the first wave, (1) The earthquake-resistant structure is made of a high-rigidity member, and even if an earthquake vibration is applied, the building is not deformed and prevented from being destroyed. Method and (2) Even if the earthquake-resistant structure is easily deformed and may be destroyed in some cases, the earthquake-resistant structure is destroyed first, thereby consuming the energy of the earthquake and destroying the building. There are two methods of delaying. However, conventional seismic reinforcement (separate from seismic control and seismic isolation) is based on the method (1), and the method (2) is rarely omitted. This method is based on the method 2). Therefore, even if it is greatly bent and destroyed, it is destroyed before the building 1.

  Therefore, providing the elliptically-shaped curved shell pipe 3 of Example 1 on the side surface of the building 1 such as a building or an apartment realizes the above method (2), and the impact of the first wave of the earthquake The following will explain that the seismic structure 2 is first destroyed to consume energy and delay the destruction of the main body of the building 1.

  The structure of the building 1 such as a building or an apartment is composed of three types of elements: a column, a horizontal beam, and a wall that fills the surface between the column and the beam. Columns bear large compression, tension and bending moments, beams bear tensile forces, and walls bear most of the shearing forces and some of the bending moments. Walls without windows or glass doors are considered as earthquake-resistant walls and are equipped with earthquake-proof measures. However, the wall surface provided with windows, glass doors, and the like has an opening and is basically open in order to provide sunlight, ventilation, and other residential environments. Therefore, the earthquake resistance of the building 1 is greatly influenced by the shearing force and the bending moment acting on the unprotected wall portion. The curved shell pipe 3 according to the first embodiment absorbs the energy acting on the wall surface portion by bending during an earthquake, and delays the destruction of the main body of the building 1.

  When a shearing force or a bending moment acts on the wall surface portion, the force received by the outer column acts as a compressive force or tensile force on the diagonal line of the wall surface. Therefore, in the first embodiment, a curved crustace pipe 3 is provided as a brace material in the diagonal direction of the wall surface as shown in FIG. 1 to counter this compressive force or tensile force. As a result, the building 1 and the earthquake-resistant structure can be integrally transmitted to the foundation and the ground via the outer pillars and the vertical pillars 4 against the shaking of the earthquake, and the shock of the earthquake can be buffered. it can. It can withstand direct earthquakes. In addition, the foundation of the building 1 and the reinforcement foundation of the vertical pillar 4 are integrated.

  Now, when a compressive force is applied to the curved reinforcement body made of the curved shell pipe 3, the minor axis side bends outward. At this time, it plastically deforms and absorbs external force so as to crush the filler 31 such as resin or mortar. On the contrary, when a tensile force is applied, the short axis side is deformed so that the ellipse is further flattened inward, and along with the deformation, the filler 31 is plastically deformed to absorb the force. The curved shell pipe 3 can be said to be a seismic reinforcement body utilizing the longitudinal direction shape and cross-sectional shape of the pipe 30 deformed by this bending and the plastic deformation of the filler 31.

  Here, the characteristics of the curved shell pipe and the curved reinforcing body composed of the pipe and the filler will be described in detail. First, the characteristics of the basic crust pipe will be described. As shown in the upper part of FIG. 3, when an external force is applied on a beam made only of concrete, it breaks. This is because concrete is strong in compressive force but weak in tensile force, and for this reason, reinforcing bars are embedded in the concrete for the purpose of reinforcing the tensile force.

  The middle part of FIG. 3 shows a state in which an external force is applied on a beam made of reinforced concrete. This reinforced concrete can make structures that are strong against compressive and tensile forces. Reinforcing bars are not only strong in tensile force but also free to process, inexpensive and excellent materials. However, in order to further reduce the cost, it has been proposed to use a material having a certain degree of workability and strong tensile force in place of the reinforcing bar. Actually, for example, concrete has been proposed in the past where bamboo is used instead of steel bars. Therefore, it goes without saying that a glass rod having a high tensile force can be used instead of a reinforcing bar.

  Now, if the explanation of the characteristics of the curved shell pipe and the curved reinforcing member is continued, when an external force is applied to the beam, a drag force of concrete is generated around the reinforcing bar so as not to be separated from the pulled reinforcing bar. This is the adhesion force, and the adhesion force of concrete is weaker than the compression force as well as the tensile force. Since the adhesion force increases as the outer peripheral area of the reinforcing bar increases, a hollow pipe is more advantageous for the reinforcing bar than the solid bar if the required cross-sectional area is the same. This is the reason why shell pipes are superior to conventional reinforced concrete.

  The lower part of FIG. 3 shows a state in which an external force is applied to a beam made of a shell pipe. Reinforcing bars are sufficient if only a tensile force acts on the steel in concrete in the axial direction, but not only left and right swings such as direct earthquakes, but if a vertical motion that pushes up is added, the cross section of the steel Those with a large second moment and section modulus are more earthquake resistant. Shell pipes are more earthquake resistant than reinforced concrete.

  This will be explained with an example. For example, a large force is required to crush cans containing soft drinks, but empty cans that have been drunk can be easily crushed. The shell pipe, which is stronger than the reinforcing bar, is the same as this can, and the shell pipe with the filling inside is less crushed than the hollow pipe. This is because when a bending stress is applied to the pipe, if the pipe is deformed by an external force, a compressive force is applied to the filler, and the filler receives this force to prevent the pipe from being deformed. In addition, when a large tensile force is applied to the pipe, the pipe tends to expand, and a compressive force is applied to the filling. If the compression force wins, deformation of the pipe is prevented. Here is the usefulness of the filled pipe.

  Biologically, this corresponds to the insect shell structure. This insect shell structure has a hard protein structure on the outside and a muscle on the inside. This is in sharp contrast to mammals having a rigid skeleton inside and muscles attached around them. Insects produce great power from their crust structure, which is several tens of times that of humans in terms of scale.

  Most of the current buildings are reinforced concrete and have internal exoskeleton structure. Reinforcing bars are bones and concrete is muscles. However, if the crust structure can be incorporated into the building, the building will have greater drag. By adopting crustacean pipes in buildings, it is possible to more appropriately cope with direct earthquakes where large unpredictable forces are applied.

  Next, seismic reinforcement of the piloty 6 shown in FIG. 1 will be described. Like the windows, the piloty 6 is provided with a large opening such as an entrance, and a large shearing force and bending moment act on the earthquake resistance of the building 1. The curved shell pipe 3 described above can also be provided on the side surface for seismic reinforcement. However, since the entrance and parking lot use the opening as a passage, if the curved shell pipe 3 is provided, people and cars can enter and exit. It becomes an obstacle. The minimum necessary opening is absolutely necessary.

  Therefore, for such a piloty 6, a U-shaped curved shell pipe 7 (a curved shell pipe including a U-shaped curved arc) as shown in FIG. 4A is used. Installed with the U-shaped apex facing the ceiling as viewed from the side. As shown in the upper part of FIG. 4A, a curved shell pipe 7 having a relatively large curve is provided on the wall surface with the apex in contact with the ceiling, or a rectangular curved shell pipe 7 having a rectangular shape as shown in the lower part. It can be provided on the wall surface. In the event of an earthquake, columns and beams are subjected to compressive force, tensile force, and bending moment, and the wall opening tends to deform from a rectangular state as shown to a parallelogram, but a U-shaped curved shell pipe 7 Prevents this. It is not a curved reinforcement body consisting of a pair of elliptical curved shell pipes 3, but a curved shell pipe and a curved reinforcement body when a single arc is used as a main part to form a U shape.

  At the time of attachment, the curved shell pipe 7 and the column portion are wound and fixed with a band iron or a reinforcing sheet. FIG. 5 shows a state in which a square curved shell pipe 7 is installed between pillars. Reference numeral 33 denotes a reinforcing sheet, and reference numeral 34 denotes a band iron. The column can be further reinforced by winding the reinforcing sheet 33 and the band iron 43. All of the winding means may be either one of the reinforcing sheet 33 and the band iron 43 or a mixture of both. In addition, a curved shell pipe 7 having a square cross section (for example, a rectangular cross section) is installed between the pillars, the pillar and the curved shell pipe 7 are brought into close contact with each other, and are fixed to a portion of the pillar with a small number of reinforcing bars with bolts or the like. Good. The curved shell pipe 7 is in contact with or supported by the foundation floor surface to transmit an external force due to an earthquake or a load to the ground.

  In addition, although it differs from the structure of the piloty 6 provided in the building 1 such as a condominium or a building, in the case of a building having an arch-structured column (for example, a building made of bricks, etc.), FIG. If the curved shell pipe 7 is attached along the arch as shown in FIG. Even when the bridge itself has a piloty structure like a spectacle bridge, it can be seismically reinforced with the curved shell pipe 7. In addition, this seismic structure can be applied to piloties such as warehouses and piers.

  6A and 6B show a case where the ceiling of the piloty 6 is reinforced. As shown in FIG. 6 (a), the curved shell pipes 7 are provided in the four wall surfaces of the piloty 6, respectively, and at the same time, diagonally intersect from the corner pillars in the diagonal direction and the apexes thereof contact the ceiling surface. A curved shell pipe 7 is provided. The two curved shell pipes 7 that intersect at the ceiling surface are fixed with one side up and the other side down at the center position. This should be done at the intersection. The curved shell pipe 7 transmits an external force to the ground by contacting or supporting both ends with the foundation floor surface. Further, when the curved shell pipe 7 and the column portion are tightened with a steel plate or a reinforcing sheet, the column can be further reinforced with this winding.

  Further, as shown in FIG. 6 (b), curved shell pipes 7 are respectively provided in the four wall surfaces of the piloty 6, and the curved shell pipes 7 are connected in parallel to the two wall surfaces while the apex is in contact with the ceiling surface. It can be installed in a beam shape. Both ends of the beam-shaped curved shell pipe 7 are fixed to the curved shell pipe 7 provided in the remaining two surfaces. When the curved shell pipe 7 provided in the remaining two surfaces is in contact with the ceiling at the apex, when the beam-shaped shell pipe is provided at this position, the beam-shaped shell pipe is a straight shell pipe. The two shell pipes that intersect are fixed to the ceiling up and down.

  In the conventional piloty, it is difficult to reinforce in the diagonal direction because the space under the ceiling slab is made large by putting diagonal materials in the beam direction and making the bracing. However, the use of the curved shell pipe 7 makes it possible to reinforce the space to the maximum. In addition, this makes it possible to increase not only the seismic reinforcement but also the load of the hierarchical warehouse and the arch structure.

  As described above, the seismic structure and the seismic reinforcement method of Example 1 can provide necessary and sufficient seismic reinforcement for any existing or new building such as an apartment house or a building. Without sacrificing the utility value, etc., it is possible to add elegant design to the exterior of the building using the elegance of the curved shell pipe, it is lightweight, inexpensive and simple, can be installed in a short period of time, Fine adjustments according to the load can be made, and reinforcement after construction can be easily changed.

  Furthermore, the seismic structure and the seismic reinforcement method of Example 1 can perform necessary and sufficient seismic reinforcement for the pilotity, and use the elegance of the curved shell pipe without impairing its space utilization rate. It adds grace to the exterior of the building, is lightweight, inexpensive and simple, can be constructed in a short period of time, can be finely adjusted according to the load, and can easily be reinforced after construction.

(Example 2)
A seismic structure and a seismic strengthening method for reinforcing a detached building in Example 2 of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings. FIG. 7 is an overall view of an earthquake-resistant structure that reinforces an existing building in Example 2 of the present invention. Since the second embodiment is different from the first embodiment only in the building and basically has the same configuration, the same reference numeral is given to the same configuration and the description is omitted.

  When reinforcing a detached building 1, it can be reinforced individually on each floor as in Example 1. However, as shown in FIG. 7, the entire side of the building 1 is divided into three or two floors. The 3rd floor is divided into 2 floors and is seismically strengthened. In other words, in the case of a detached house, the building 1 has many wooden houses, etc., and the external force acting by the earthquake is smaller than that of a building, etc., and it is not reinforced on each floor, but two sets of crossing as braces for the entire side. A curved shell pipe 3 is provided to resist compressive force or tensile force. While realizing the weight reduction of the earthquake-resistant structure 2, it can endure a direct earthquake with necessary and sufficient reinforcement.

  In the building 1 of the second embodiment, the curved shell pipe 3 is directly attached to the pillar and is connected to the existing foundation for reinforcement. However, it is also possible to hit a reinforcing foundation (not shown), erect the vertical pillar 4 on the reinforcement foundation, and attach the curved shell pipe 3 to the vertical pillar 4. When the vertical column 4 is provided, at least one of the connecting portion 5 and the vertical column 4 comes into contact with a column on the outer wall surface of the building 1 in the event of an earthquake, and the vertical column 4 partially applies the force applied to the building 1. bear. As a result, against the shaking of the earthquake, the building and the earthquake-resistant structure can be united by the reinforcement foundation integrated with the existing foundation to release the earthquake force to the ground, and the shock of the earthquake can be buffered .

  As described above, the seismic structure and the seismic reinforcement method of Example 2 can perform necessary and sufficient seismic reinforcement for both existing and newly constructed single-family buildings without impairing utility value such as habitability. By using the elegance of curved shell pipes, it is possible to add graceful design to the exterior of the building, reduce the weight of the seismic structure, make it inexpensive, simple, and can be constructed in a short period of time, depending on the load Fine adjustments can be made and the reinforcement after construction can be changed easily.

  The present invention can be applied to an earthquake resistant structure that improves the earthquake resistance of a structure.

Whole view of earthquake-resistant structure which reinforces building in Example 1 of the present invention (A) The principal part explanatory drawing of the earthquake-resistant structure in Example 1 of this invention, (b) The explanatory drawing in case the earthquake-resistant structure of (a) is circular, (c) Two earthquake-resistant structures of (a) Illustration when buckling with a shell pipe Comparison of concrete, reinforced concrete, and concrete reinforced with shell pipes (A) Explanatory drawing of the earthquake-resistant structure which reinforces the piloty structure in Example 1 of this invention, (b) Explanatory drawing of the earthquake-resistant structure which reinforces the piloty structure containing an arch Explanatory drawing which fixes the earthquake-resistant structure of the piloty structure in Example 1 of this invention (A) Explanatory drawing of the earthquake-resistant structure which reinforces the ceiling of the piloty structure in Example 1 of the present invention, (b) Explanatory drawing of another earthquake-resistant structure which reinforces the ceiling of the piloty structure in Example 1 of the present invention. Overall view of earthquake-resistant structure that reinforces existing building in Example 2 of the present invention

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Building 2 Seismic structure 3 Curved shell pipe 4 Vertical column 5 Connection part 6 Piloty 7 Curved shell pipe 30 Pipe 31 Filler 33 Reinforcement sheet 34 Band iron

Claims (9)

The inside is filled with a filler, and when viewed from the side in the longitudinal direction, a curved shell pipe having an elliptical shape or a U-shaped curved arc is formed, and the curved shell pipe is used for seismic reinforcement on the side of the building. An earthquake-resistant structure comprising: a curved reinforcing body; and a connecting body that connects an end portion of the curved reinforcing body to the building or a reinforcing column erected on the side of the building. The curved reinforcing body is an ellipse or an ellipse having a main part by combining a part thereof, an ellipse having a main part by combining a pair of circles or arcs, an ellipse having a main part by combining a pair of parabolas The seismic structure according to claim 1, wherein the seismic structure has any one of an elliptical shape constituted by a shape and a spline curve. The earthquake-resistant structure according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the curved reinforcing body is a brace material provided on a side surface of the building. The earthquake-resistant structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the building is a hierarchical building having a plurality of floors. The earthquake-resistant structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the building is a detached building. The earthquake-proof structure according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the building includes a piloty structure, and the curved reinforcing body seismically reinforces the piloty structure. 6. The earthquake-resistant structure according to claim 4 or 5, wherein when the building has a plurality of floors, the curved reinforcing body is provided over each floor or a plurality of floors for earthquake-proof reinforcement. Filling the inside of the pipe with a filler to form a curved shell pipe, and when the curved shell pipe is viewed from the side in the longitudinal direction, a curved reinforcing body having an elliptical shape or a U-shaped curved arc is formed, An earthquake-resistant reinforcement method using a curved shell pipe, wherein the curved reinforcing body is connected to a building or a reinforcing column erected on the side of the building by a connecting body for earthquake resistance reinforcement. 9. The method of seismic reinforcement using a curved shell pipe according to claim 8, wherein the curved reinforcing body is provided as a brace material in the building.

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