JP2008039330A - Processing system for discarded automobile - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a processing system capable of efficiently and quickly processing the discarded automobile. <P>SOLUTION: This processing system comprises a batch type thermal decomposition furnace 1 for thermally decomposing the discarded automobile 10 to separate a thermal decomposition gas and a thermal decomposition residue 11, and a cooling chamber 7 formed separately from the thermal decomposition furnace 1 and cooling the thermal decomposition residue 11 generated in the thermal decomposition furnace 1. The thermal decomposition residue 11 is cooled by water, and then heated to at least 100°C in a drying chamber 8. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a disposal system for scrap automobiles.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, used automobiles are first reduced in volume by press processing, and then, this waste car press product (waste car) is crushed for disposal. The shredder dust (crushed waste) generated by this crushing process contains a lot of combustible materials such as plastic and cloth, as well as non-combustible materials such as iron and non-ferrous metals. Combustible materials such as varieties were treated as industrial waste by being landfilled or incinerated at the final disposal site.
However, the disposal of shredder dust in landfills and incineration requires a large amount of money, so that disposal of used cars has been forced to bear considerable costs.

  In recent years, with the enforcement of the Automobile Recycling Law, the realization of efficient processing that does not generate shredder dust has become an important issue.

  In view of such circumstances, in recent years, instead of the conventional method of directly crushing scrap car press products, the scrap car press products are pyrolyzed by a conventionally known pyrolysis treatment, and then the pyrolysis residue is crushed. A processing method has been proposed (see Patent Document 1).

By the way, in the thermal decomposition treatment of the waste automobile press product, the thermal decomposition treatment is performed in a high temperature atmosphere of about 600 ° C., and after the thermal decomposition is finished, the thermal decomposition residue is cooled from 600 ° C. to about 100 ° C. and then crushed. Generally, processing is performed.
Usually, this pyrolysis and cooling are performed alternately in the pyrolysis furnace. That is, first, the temperature in the pyrolysis furnace is raised to about 600 ° C. and the thermal decomposition treatment is performed. After the thermal decomposition, the temperature in the pyrolysis furnace is lowered to about 100 ° C. and the pyrolysis residue is cooled. Thus, conventionally, since the temperature increase and decrease of the pyrolysis furnace are performed alternately, the heat loss in the pyrolysis furnace is large, the thermal efficiency of the pyrolysis furnace is deteriorated, and the pyrolysis residue is cooled. Since a new pyrolysis treatment cannot be performed during the period, the operation rate of the pyrolysis furnace was extremely low.
As described above, there are still problems to be solved in order to further improve the efficiency of waste car treatment.
Japanese Patent No. 3785540

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and an object of the present invention is to provide a disposal system for a scrap car that can efficiently and quickly dispose of a scrap car.

That is, the invention described in claim 1 is provided in a batch-type pyrolysis furnace for pyrolyzing a waste car and separating it into pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue, and provided separately from the pyrolysis furnace. And a cooling chamber for cooling the thermal decomposition residue generated in the decomposition furnace.
Here, pyrolysis means that all or a part of combustible components such as dry distillation, partial combustion, carbonization, etc. is pyrolyzed and gasified, and the pyrolysis furnace is various types for performing such an action. Shows the furnace.

  The invention described in claim 2 is characterized in that, in the disposal system for scrap automobiles described in claim 1, the cooling chamber cools the pyrolysis residue with water.

  Further, the invention according to claim 3 is the waste car treatment system according to claim 2, wherein the water-cooled thermal decomposition residue is heated to at least 100 ° C. or more and dried at the rear stage of the cooling chamber. A drying chamber is provided.

  According to a fourth aspect of the present invention, there is provided a waste car treatment system according to the third aspect, wherein a secondary combustion furnace combusting the pyrolysis gas and heat of exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion furnace. A heat exchanger for generating preheated air, and a discharge pipe for the preheated air from the heat exchanger is introduced into the drying chamber.

  Further, the invention according to claim 5 is the waste car treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the secondary combustion furnace combusts the pyrolysis gas, and the secondary combustion furnace. A heat exchanger that generates preheated air by the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the exhaust, and a chimney that is provided downstream of the heat exchanger and discharges the exhaust gas, and a discharge pipe for the preheated air from the heat exchanger It is introduced into at least one of the exhaust tower of the cooling chamber and the chimney.

  The invention according to claim 6 is the waste car treatment system according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the secondary combustion furnace combusts the pyrolysis gas, and the secondary combustion furnace. A heat exchanger that generates preheated air from the heat of the exhaust gas discharged from the heat exchanger, and the preheated air discharge pipe from the heat exchanger is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace as combustion air. It is a feature.

  According to the first aspect of the present invention, the pyrolysis furnace and the cooling chamber are provided separately, and the pyrolysis of the waste car and the cooling of the pyrolysis residue are performed by batch processing. Compared with the case where the cracking and cooling of the pyrolysis residue are performed alternately, the thermal efficiency in the pyrolysis furnace can be greatly improved, and even during the cooling period, it is possible to pyrolyze new scrap cars in the pyrolysis furnace. Thereby, the processing efficiency of a scrap car can be improved significantly.

  According to the invention of claim 2, since the pyrolysis residue is cooled by water having a large heat capacity, the cooling efficiency can be improved as compared with the case of cooling by a gas such as nitrogen or air, and rapid cooling Is possible. As a result, it becomes possible to dispose of a scrapped vehicle efficiently and quickly.

  In addition, as in the invention described in claim 3, by immediately drying the water-cooled pyrolysis residue, oxidation and corrosion of metals in the pyrolysis residue can be prevented, and the final irons The recovery rate can be improved.

  Further, according to the invention described in claim 4, since preheated air generated using the heat of exhaust gas is used as a heat source for drying in the drying chamber, the processing cost can be reduced by efficient heat recycling. You can plan.

  Further, according to the invention described in claim 5, white smoke can be prevented by raising the temperature of the water vapor discharged from the exhaust tower during water cooling, and the temperature of the exhaust gas emitted from the chimney can be raised. Therefore, white smoke when exhaust gas is discharged can be prevented.

  Further, according to the invention described in claim 6, since preheated air generated using the heat of exhaust gas is used as combustion air in the pyrolysis furnace, the combustion efficiency of the pyrolysis furnace can be improved. The processing cost can be reduced by efficient heat recycling.

  Hereinafter, an embodiment of the disposal system for scrap cars of the present invention will be described with reference to FIG. FIG. 1 shows a schematic configuration of a waste car processing system according to this embodiment.

  As shown in FIG. 1, the waste car treatment system according to the present embodiment includes a pyrolysis furnace 1 that thermally decomposes a waste car 10 into a pyrolysis gas and a pyrolysis residue 11, and this pyrolysis gas. As a treatment facility, a secondary combustion furnace 2 that combusts pyrolysis gas, a temperature reduction tower 3 that cools the exhaust gas of the secondary combustion furnace 2, and a heat exchanger 4 that uses the exhaust gas cooled in the temperature reduction tower 3 as a heat source And a bag filter 5 that collects and removes foreign matters such as dust contained in the exhaust gas that has passed through the heat exchanger 4, and a chimney 6 that discharges the exhaust gas that has passed through the bag filter 5, and as a treatment facility for the thermal decomposition residue 11, A water cooling chamber 7 provided independently of the pyrolysis furnace 1 for cooling the pyrolysis residue 11 and a drying chamber 8 for drying the cooled pyrolysis residue 11 are provided.

Here, the exhaust port of the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the secondary combustion furnace 2 are connected by a pipe 21 so that the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 1 is introduced into the secondary combustion furnace 2 through the pipe 21. It has become. The pipe 21 is branched in the middle and connected to the burner of the pyrolysis furnace 1.
A burner for burning the pyrolysis gas is provided in the secondary combustion furnace 2, and a water tank for immersing and cooling the pyrolysis residue 11 is provided in the water cooling chamber 7.
Further, a temperature reducing tower 3, a heat exchanger 4, a bag filter 5, and a chimney 6 are provided in this order from the secondary combustion furnace 2 toward the downstream side in the flow direction of the exhaust gas. By connecting with ˜25, the exhaust gas generated in the secondary combustion furnace 2 is finally discharged from the chimney 6 while being processed in each facility.

  The heat exchanger 4 is a tube-type or plate-type heat exchanger, and a pipe 26 into which external air for heat exchange is introduced is connected to the inlet side, and a pipe 27 is connected to the outlet side. Has been. The other end of the pipe 27 is introduced into the chimney 6, the pyrolysis furnace 1, the exhaust tower 7a of the water cooling chamber 7, the drying chamber 8, and the like.

Below, the disposal processing of the scrap car by the scrap car processing system having the above configuration will be described.
In the present embodiment, after the engine, battery, tire, fuel tank, etc. are removed from the used car in advance, the vehicle body, seats, interior parts, etc. are pressed into a lump and volume-reduced (waste car 10 ) Is supplied to the pyrolysis furnace 1. The pyrolysis furnace 1 is a batch furnace.

  The pyrolysis of the scrap car 10 is performed at a furnace temperature of about 600 ° C., and a pyrolysis gas of about 500 ° C. containing hydrogen, carbon monoxide, methane, etc. generated by pyrolysis of organic matter, iron, non-ferrous metal ( Copper and aluminum), glass, carbides and the like are separated into a pyrolysis residue 11 in a lump.

  Here, the pyrolysis gas generated in the pyrolysis furnace 1 is first introduced into the secondary combustion furnace 2 through the pipe 21 and subjected to combustion treatment. A part of the pyrolysis gas is burner in the pyrolysis furnace 1. Recycled as fuel.

  In the secondary combustion furnace 2, the pyrolysis gas is burned by a burner (not shown), the furnace temperature is maintained at about 900 ° C., and harmful substances contained in the pyrolysis gas are pyrolyzed to make smokeless and non-bromide. The high-temperature combustion gas (exhaust gas) generated by the secondary combustion is led to the temperature reducing tower 3 through the pipe 22, and cooling water is sprayed on the exhaust gas in the temperature reducing tower 3, thereby adjusting the temperature of the exhaust gas. The temperature is lowered to about 400 ° C.

  The cooled exhaust gas is guided to the heat exchanger 4 through the pipe 23, and heat exchange is performed with the externally introduced air in the heat exchanger 4, whereby preheated air of about 250 ° C. is generated.

  The exhaust gas after heat exchange with the air is introduced into the bag filter 5 (dust collector) through the pipe 24, and after dust, dust, metal compounds, etc. in the exhaust gas are removed in the bag filter 5, the pipe 25 is used. It is introduced into the chimney 6 and discharged outside through the chimney 6.

At this time, the preheated air generated by the heat exchanger 4 is fed into the exhaust gas introduced from the bag filter 5 into the chimney 6 through the pipe 27 to raise the exhaust gas temperature to about 220 ° C. and to mix the preheated air. By reducing the relative humidity of the exhaust gas and lowering the dew point temperature, it is possible to prevent moisture in the exhaust gas discharged from the chimney 6 from condensing near the outlet of the chimney 6 and becoming white smoke.
Further, the preheated air is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace 1 via the pipe 27 and used as combustion air for the burner in the pyrolysis furnace 1, and contributes to improving the combustion efficiency of the pyrolysis furnace 1.

On the other hand, the scrap car 10 (that is, the pyrolysis residue 11) in the pyrolysis furnace 1 after the pyrolysis is transferred to a water cooling chamber 7 provided separately from the pyrolysis furnace 1, and in the water cooling chamber 7 By being immersed in the water tank in which water is stored, the thermal decomposition residue of about 600 ° C. is rapidly cooled to about 70 ° C. and solidified. A large amount of water vapor generated in the water cooling chamber 7 by this rapid cooling is discharged to the outside from the exhaust tower 7a.
At this time, preheated air is sent into the exhaust tower 7a via the pipe 27 so that the steam is not discharged as white smoke from the exhaust tower 7a, and the steam is heated to about 120 ° C.

  In the present embodiment, the pyrolysis residue 11 in the pyrolysis furnace 1 is sequentially transferred to the water cooling chamber 7, and the pyrolysis residue 11 is also cooled while the pyrolysis residue 11 is being cooled in the water cooling chamber 7. In the furnace 1, a new waste car 10 is thermally decomposed.

The pyrolysis residue 11 cooled in the water cooling chamber 7 is sequentially transferred to the drying chamber 8 and dried in the drying chamber 8. This is to prevent oxidation and corrosion of metals contained in the thermal decomposition residue 11.
Preheated air from the heat exchanger 4 described above is introduced into the drying chamber 8 as a heat source for drying through the pipe 27, and the temperature of the chamber is raised to at least 100 ° C or higher, preferably about 120 ° C. Water vapor generated during drying is discharged from the exhaust tower 8a. Since the amount of water vapor discharged from the exhaust tower 8a is small, white smoke is not generated.

  Although not shown, the pyrolysis residue 11 after drying is shredded by a crusher and then sorted into iron, non-ferrous metal, glass, carbide, etc. through a sorting process. Since the pyrolysis residue 11 is dried in the drying chamber 8, crushing and sorting are easy, and since oxidation and corrosion of metals are prevented, the recovery rate of iron is improved. This will also reduce the amount of slag that is discarded.

  As described above, in the waste car treatment system according to the present embodiment, the pyrolysis furnace 1 and the water cooling chamber 7 are provided separately, and the waste car 10 is thermally decomposed and the pyrolysis residue 11 is cooled by batch processing. As in the case where the pyrolysis and cooling are alternately performed in the pyrolysis furnace 1, the temperature of the pyrolysis furnace 1 is not repeatedly raised and lowered, and the interior of the furnace is always maintained at a high temperature. Therefore, the thermal efficiency of the pyrolysis furnace 1 can be greatly improved, and it becomes possible to perform new pyrolysis in the pyrolysis furnace 1 even during the cooling period of the pyrolysis residue 11. Can be greatly improved.

  Further, by cooling the pyrolysis residue 11 with water having a large heat capacity, the cooling efficiency is greatly improved as compared with the case of cooling with a gas such as nitrogen or air, and rapid cooling becomes possible. Thereby, it becomes possible to dispose of the scrap car 10 efficiently and promptly.

  Also, preheated air generated by using the combustion heat of pyrolysis gas is used for various purposes such as a drying heat source for the drying chamber 8, burner combustion air for the pyrolysis furnace 1, and a heat source for preventing white smoke. By doing so, efficient heat recycling can be realized, and the processing cost can be reduced.

The figure which shows schematic structure of the scrap car processing system which concerns on this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Pyrolysis furnace 2 Secondary combustion furnace 4 Heat exchanger 6 Chimney 7 Cooling room (water cooling room)
7a Exhaust tower 8 Drying chamber 10 Waste car 11 Pyrolysis residue 27 Exhaust pipe (pipe)

Claims (6)

A batch-type pyrolysis furnace that pyrolyzes waste cars and separates them into pyrolysis gas and pyrolysis residue;
A waste automobile treatment system comprising a cooling chamber provided separately from the pyrolysis furnace and configured to cool the pyrolysis residue generated in the pyrolysis furnace. The waste cooling vehicle processing system according to claim 1, wherein the cooling chamber cools the pyrolysis residue with water. The waste car treatment system according to claim 2, wherein a drying chamber is provided in a subsequent stage of the cooling chamber to heat and dry the water-cooled residue after being heated to at least 100 ° C. A secondary combustion furnace that burns the pyrolysis gas, and a heat exchanger that generates preheated air from the heat of exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion furnace,
The waste car processing system according to claim 3, wherein a discharge pipe for the preheated air from the heat exchanger is introduced into the drying chamber. A secondary combustion furnace that burns the pyrolysis gas, a heat exchanger that generates preheated air from the heat of exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion furnace, and a chimney that is provided downstream of the heat exchanger and discharges exhaust gas And
The exhaust pipe for the preheated air from the heat exchanger is introduced into at least one of the exhaust tower of the cooling chamber and the chimney. A system for disposing of scrap cars as described in Crab. A secondary combustion furnace that burns the pyrolysis gas, and a heat exchanger that generates preheated air from the heat of exhaust gas discharged from the secondary combustion furnace,
4. The scrap car according to claim 1, wherein a discharge pipe for the preheated air from the heat exchanger is introduced into the pyrolysis furnace as combustion air. Processing system.

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