JP2008038355A - Repair structure of existing outer wall - Google Patents

Repair structure of existing outer wall Download PDF

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JP2008038355A
JP2008038355A JP2006210251A JP2006210251A JP2008038355A JP 2008038355 A JP2008038355 A JP 2008038355A JP 2006210251 A JP2006210251 A JP 2006210251A JP 2006210251 A JP2006210251 A JP 2006210251A JP 2008038355 A JP2008038355 A JP 2008038355A
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wall
wooden frame
existing outer
wood
exterior
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JP5603530B2 (en
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Masanori Fujita
正則 藤田
Masashi Goto
昌司 後藤
Masahide Murakami
雅英 村上
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Nippon Steel Coated Sheet Corp
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Nippon Steel and Sumikin Coated Sheet Corp
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Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a repair structure of an existing outer wall, forming an outer wall having high earthquake-resisting performance by holding down an increase in the number of parts and time and trouble for construction. <P>SOLUTION: This repair structure of the existing outer wall 1 includes: a wooden framework 3; a facing bed material 40 fitted to the wooden framework 3; and a facing finishing material 41 provided on the surface of the facing bed material 40. A structural face material 42 is fixed to the wooden framework 3 after the facing finishing material 41 is removed from the facing bed material 40. Since the structural face material 42 is fixed directly to the wooden framework 3, a sash bar for fitting the structural face material 42 is not required, and construction for fitting the sash bar is not needed. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

本発明は、古くなった木造建物の既存外壁を改修するための構造に関するものである。   The present invention relates to a structure for repairing an existing outer wall of an old wooden building.

従来より、古くなった木造建物の外壁を耐震補強することが行われている（例えば、特許文献１参照）。特許文献１に記載された発明では、既存外壁であるモルタル仕上げ壁の土台及び柱の柱脚部を補強してモルタル下地を形成し、このモルタル下地の表面に横桟、縦桟、斜桟を配設し、この横桟等の表面に新規の外装仕上げ材を取り付けて新規外壁を形成するようにしている。   Conventionally, the outer wall of an old wooden building has been subjected to seismic reinforcement (for example, see Patent Document 1). In the invention described in Patent Document 1, a base of a mortar finish wall and a column base of a pillar that are existing outer walls are reinforced to form a mortar base, and a horizontal beam, a vertical beam, and a diagonal beam are formed on the surface of the mortar base. It is arranged and a new exterior finishing material is attached to the surface of the horizontal rail or the like to form a new outer wall.

しかし、上記の方法では、新規の外装仕上げ材を取り付けるための横桟等が別途必要となり、また、横桟等を柱などに固定するためにモルタル下地に下孔を開けるなどの施工も必要となり、部材点数や施工手間が増加してコスト高になるという問題があった。
特開２００５−２３２８８０号公報 However, in the above method, a horizontal beam for attaching a new exterior finishing material is required separately, and construction such as opening a pilot hole in the mortar base is also required to fix the horizontal beam to a column etc. There was a problem that the number of members and the labor required for the construction increased and the cost was increased.
JP 2005-232880 A

本発明は上記の点に鑑みてなされたものであり、部材点数や施工手間の増加を抑えて耐震性能の高い外壁を形成することができる既存外壁の改修構造を提供することを目的とするものである。   The present invention has been made in view of the above points, and an object thereof is to provide a repair structure for an existing outer wall capable of forming an outer wall having high earthquake resistance while suppressing an increase in the number of members and labor. It is.

本発明の請求項１に係る既存外壁の改修構造は、木造軸組３と、木造軸組３に取り付けた外装下地材４０と、外装下地材４０の表面に設けた外装仕上げ材４１とからなる既存外壁１の改修構造であって、外装仕上げ材４１を外装下地材４０から除去した後の木造軸組３に対して構造用面材４２を固定して成ることを特徴とするものである。   The repair structure of the existing outer wall according to claim 1 of the present invention includes a wooden frame 3, an exterior base material 40 attached to the wooden frame 3, and an exterior finishing material 41 provided on the surface of the external base material 40. The repair structure of the existing outer wall 1 is characterized in that the structural face material 42 is fixed to the wooden frame 3 after the exterior finish material 41 is removed from the exterior base material 40.

本発明の請求項２に係る既存外壁の改修構造は、請求項１に加えて、外装下地材４０が複数枚の木ずり９、９…で形成されており、木ずり９、９…の表面に構造用面材４２を配置し、固定具１０を構造用面材４２の表面から木ずり９に貫通させて木造軸組３にまで打入することによって、構造用面材４２を木造軸組３に固定して成ることを特徴とするものである。   In addition to claim 1, the renovation structure of the existing outer wall according to claim 2 of the present invention is such that the exterior base material 40 is formed of a plurality of wood slings 9, 9,... The structural face material 42 is disposed on the structure face 42, and the fixing tool 10 is penetrated from the surface of the structural face material 42 into the wood shank 9 and driven into the wooden shaft assembly 3, thereby making the structural face material 42 the wooden shaft assembly. 3 is fixed.

本発明の請求項３に係る既存外壁の改修構造は、請求項１に加えて、外装下地材４０が複数枚の木ずり９、９…で形成されており、木ずり９、９…の表面に構造用面材４２を配置し、固定具１０を構造用面材４２の表面から隣り合う木ずり９、９の間隙３６に通して木造軸組３にまで打入することによって、構造用面材４２を木造軸組３に固定して成ることを特徴とするものである。   In addition to claim 1, the renovation structure of the existing outer wall according to claim 3 of the present invention is such that the exterior base material 40 is formed of a plurality of pieces of wood lumber 9, 9,... The structural surface material 42 is disposed on the structural surface material, and the fixture 10 is driven from the surface of the structural surface material 42 into the wooden frame 3 through the gap 36 between the adjacent lumbers 9 and 9. It is characterized in that the material 42 is fixed to the wooden frame 3.

本発明の請求項４に係る既存外壁の改修構造は、請求項１に加えて、外装下地材４１を木造軸組３から除去して成ることを特徴とするものである。   The modification structure of the existing outer wall according to claim 4 of the present invention is characterized in that, in addition to claim 1, the exterior base material 41 is removed from the wooden frame 3.

本発明の請求項５に係る既存外壁の改修構造は、請求項１乃至４のいずれかに加えて、構造用面材４２として、二枚の金属外皮４、５の間に断熱材６を充填して形成したサンドイッチパネル７を用いて成ることを特徴とするものである。   In addition to any one of claims 1 to 4, the renovation structure of the existing outer wall according to claim 5 of the present invention is filled with a heat insulating material 6 between two metal skins 4 and 5 as a structural face material 42. The sandwich panel 7 formed as described above is used.

請求項１の発明では、構造用面材４２を木造軸組３に直接固定しているために、構造用面材４２を取り付けるための横桟などが不要であり、また、横桟などを取り付けるための施工も不要となり、部材点数や施工手間の増加を抑えてコスト高にならないようにしながら、構造用面材４２により耐震性能の高い外壁を形成することができるものである。また、既存外壁１に外装下地材４０を残す場合は、既存外壁１の改修にあたって廃棄物の発生を少なくすることができるものであり、しかも、既存外壁１を一度に解体して改修する場合のように、外装仕上げ材４１と外装下地材４０とが混在することもなく、外装仕上げ材４１のみからなる廃棄物を再利用しやすくなるものである。さらに、既存外壁１のみの改修であるために、木造軸組３内の間柱などの建物内部側の壁（内壁）に手を加える必要が無く、建物内で生活しながら簡単に既存外壁１の改修を行うことができるものである。   In the first aspect of the invention, since the structural face material 42 is directly fixed to the wooden frame 3, there is no need for a horizontal beam or the like for attaching the structural surface material 42, and a horizontal beam or the like is attached. Therefore, the structural wall material 42 can form an outer wall having high earthquake resistance while suppressing the increase in the number of members and labor and preventing the cost from increasing. Further, when the exterior base material 40 is left on the existing outer wall 1, it is possible to reduce the generation of waste when the existing outer wall 1 is repaired, and when the existing outer wall 1 is disassembled and repaired at a time. Thus, the exterior finishing material 41 and the exterior base material 40 do not coexist, and the waste consisting only of the exterior finishing material 41 can be easily reused. Furthermore, since only the existing outer wall 1 is renovated, it is not necessary to modify the walls (inner walls) on the inner side of the building, such as the pillars in the wooden frame 3, and the existing outer wall 1 can be easily changed while living in the building. It can be refurbished.

請求項２の発明では、木ずり９によって固定具１０を補強することができ、耐震性能を向上させることができるものである。   In invention of Claim 2, the fixing tool 10 can be reinforced with the wood lumber 9, and a seismic performance can be improved.

請求項３の発明では、木ずり９が経年劣化している場合でも構造用面材４２を木造軸組３に固定することができるものである。   In the invention of claim 3, the structural face material 42 can be fixed to the wooden frame 3 even when the woodwork 9 has deteriorated over time.

請求項４の発明では、外装下地材４０（木ずり９）が経年劣化している場合に、改修後の新規な外壁の内部に外装下地材４０（木ずり９）が残存しないようにすることができ、新規な外壁の耐久性が損なわれないようにすることができるものである。   In the invention of claim 4, when the exterior base material 40 (wood lumber 9) has deteriorated over time, the exterior base material 40 (wood lumber 9) should not remain inside the new outer wall after refurbishment. It is possible to prevent the durability of the new outer wall from being impaired.

請求項５の発明では、サンドイッチパネル７の耐震要素としての性能に加えて、サンドイッチパネル７としての耐火・防火性能や断熱材６による断熱性能も得ることができ、既存外壁１に比べて耐震性能と断熱性能及び耐火・防火性能を向上させることができるものである。   In the invention of claim 5, in addition to the performance of the sandwich panel 7 as a seismic element, the fire resistance and fire performance as the sandwich panel 7 and the heat insulation performance by the heat insulating material 6 can be obtained, and the seismic performance compared to the existing outer wall 1. It is possible to improve the heat insulation performance and the fireproof / fireproof performance.

以下、本発明を実施するための最良の形態を説明する。   Hereinafter, the best mode for carrying out the present invention will be described.

本発明は、木造軸組３と、木造軸組３に取り付けた外装下地材４０と、外装下地材４０の表面に設けた外装仕上げ材４１とからなる既存外壁１を、構造用面材４２を用いて改修するものである。   In the present invention, the existing outer wall 1 including the wooden frame 3, the exterior base material 40 attached to the wooden frame 3, and the exterior finishing material 41 provided on the surface of the exterior base material 40 is used as the structural surface material 42. It is used to renovate.

構造用面材４２としては、パーティクルボード、構造用パネル（ＯＳＢ）、せっこうボードあるいは公知の無機系外装材などを用いることができるが、耐震性能や耐火・防火性能や断熱性能などを考慮して、構造用面材４２としてはサンドイッチパネル７を用いるのが好ましい。図２に示すように、サンドイッチパネル７は、二枚の金属外皮４，５の間に断熱材６を充填して形成したものであり、従来から壁の外装仕上げ材や構造用面材として用いられている断熱パネルである。金属外皮４，５は金属板にロール成形や折り曲げ成形を施して形成するものであって、この金属板としてはステンレス鋼板、亜鉛めっき鋼板、アルミニウム亜鉛合金めっき鋼板（商品名「ガルバリウム鋼板」）、塗装鋼板、塩化ビニル樹脂被覆鋼板などの各種のものを用いることができる。また、金属外皮４、５の金属板の厚みは例えば、０．２〜１．５ｍｍのものを用いることができるが、金属外皮４、５の金属板の厚みは同じであってもよいし、異なっていてもよく、例えば、屋内側（外装下地材４０側又は木造軸組３側）の金属外皮５を屋外側の金属外皮４よりも厚くすることができる。断熱材６としては、例えば、厚み２０〜１２０ｍｍ程度のもので、無機質断熱材であるロックウールやグラスウールなどを用いたり、樹脂断熱材であるウレタンフォームやスチレンフォームやフェノールフォームやポリイソシアヌレートフォームなどを用いたりすることができる。断熱材６は金属外皮４，５に接着されたりあるいは断熱材６が樹脂発泡体の場合はその自己接着性により金属外皮４，５に接着したりして金属外皮４，５に一体的に設けられるものである。また、サンドイッチパネル７の下端部には嵌合凸部２０が横方向の全長に亘って形成されていると共にサンドイッチパネル７の上端部には嵌合凹部２１が横方向の全長に亘って形成されている。   As the structural face material 42, particle board, structural panel (OSB), gypsum board or a known inorganic exterior material can be used. However, considering the seismic performance, fire resistance / fire resistance performance, heat insulation performance, etc. Thus, it is preferable to use the sandwich panel 7 as the structural face material 42. As shown in FIG. 2, the sandwich panel 7 is formed by filling a heat insulating material 6 between two metal skins 4 and 5 and has been conventionally used as a wall exterior finishing material or a structural surface material. It is a heat insulation panel. The metal shells 4 and 5 are formed by subjecting a metal plate to roll forming or bending forming, and as this metal plate, a stainless steel plate, a galvanized steel plate, an aluminum zinc alloy plated steel plate (trade name “Galvalium Steel Plate”), Various things, such as a coated steel plate and a vinyl chloride resin coated steel plate, can be used. Moreover, although the thickness of the metal plate of the metal shells 4 and 5 can use the thing of 0.2-1.5 mm, for example, the thickness of the metal plate of the metal shells 4 and 5 may be the same, For example, the metal shell 5 on the indoor side (the exterior base material 40 side or the wooden frame 3 side) can be made thicker than the metal shell 4 on the outdoor side. As the heat insulating material 6, for example, one having a thickness of about 20 to 120 mm is used, such as rock heat or glass wool, which is an inorganic heat insulating material, or urethane foam, styrene foam, phenol foam, polyisocyanurate foam, which is a resin heat insulating material, or the like. Can be used. The heat insulating material 6 is bonded to the metal skins 4 and 5 or, when the heat insulating material 6 is a resin foam, it is bonded to the metal skins 4 and 5 by its self-adhesive property and is provided integrally with the metal skins 4 and 5. It is what Further, a fitting convex portion 20 is formed over the entire length in the lateral direction at the lower end portion of the sandwich panel 7, and a fitting concave portion 21 is formed over the entire length in the lateral direction at the upper end portion of the sandwich panel 7. ing.

そして、構造用面材４２であるサンドイッチパネル７を用いて既存の木造建物における既存外壁１の改修を行うにあたっては、以下のようにする。まず、図１（ａ）に示すような既存外壁１の外装仕上げ材４１を除去することによって、外装下地材４０を露出させる。ここで、既存外壁１が木ずり壁（木摺ラスモルタル仕上げ外壁）の場合は、その既存の外装仕上げ材４１であるモルタル２などの塗り壁材をラス下地８と共に除去することによって、図１（ｂ）のように外装下地材４０である複数枚の木ずり９、９…を露出させる。木造軸組３とは土台、梁、柱３ａ、間柱３ｂ、胴縁などからなる建物の骨組みであり、木ずり９は柱や間柱や胴縁の屋外面に取り付けられている短冊状の木板である。木ずり９は縦方向に長くても横方向に長くてもどちらでもよい。ラス下地８はメタルラス、ワイヤーラス、シートラス、裏紙張りワイヤーメッシュラスなどである。このようにモルタル２とラス下地８とを除去するときには、建物内部の壁（間仕切り壁などの内壁）や内装材２２はそのまま残すようにする。尚、モルタル２及びラス下地８の除去は、既存外壁１の全体で行ってもよいし、改修の必要な箇所のみに部分的に行ってもよい。   And when repairing the existing outer wall 1 in the existing wooden building using the sandwich panel 7 which is the structural face material 42, it is as follows. First, the exterior base material 40 is exposed by removing the exterior finish material 41 of the existing outer wall 1 as shown in FIG. Here, in the case where the existing outer wall 1 is a wood wall (a wood-scraping lath mortar finished outer wall), the existing exterior finishing material 41 such as the mortar 2 is removed together with the lath substrate 8 to remove the existing outer wall 1 as shown in FIG. As shown in (b), a plurality of wood shavings 9, 9... That are exterior base materials 40 are exposed. The wooden frame 3 is a framework of a building consisting of a base, a beam, a column 3a, an intermediary column 3b, a trunk edge, etc., and the woodwork 9 is a strip-shaped wooden board attached to the outdoor surface of the column, the intercolumn and the trunk edge. is there. The wood lumber 9 may be long in the vertical direction or long in the horizontal direction. The lath substrate 8 is a metal lath, a wire lath, a sheet lath, a backing paper-lined wire mesh lath, or the like. When the mortar 2 and the lath substrate 8 are removed in this way, the walls inside the building (inner walls such as partition walls) and the interior material 22 are left as they are. Note that the removal of the mortar 2 and the lath base 8 may be performed on the entire existing outer wall 1 or may be performed only on a portion requiring repair.

次に、上記のサンドイッチパネル７の金属外皮５を木ずり９の屋外側面に接触させて配置し、サンドイッチパネル７の屋外側面（金属外皮４側）からビスやテクスや釘などの固定具１０を打入し、サンドイッチパネル７を貫通して複数本の固定具１０を木造軸組３の柱３ａや間柱３ｂや胴縁に打ち込むことによって、サンドイッチパネル７を木造軸組３に固定する。この場合、サンドイッチパネル７と木造軸組３との間には木ずり９が介在する。尚、本発明では、固定具１０は釘よりもビスやテクスのようにネジ部分を有してねじ込むものが好ましく、これにより、構造用面材４２の固定強度が高まって新規な外壁の耐震性能を高くすることができる。   Next, the metal shell 5 of the sandwich panel 7 is placed in contact with the outdoor side surface of the wood lumber 9, and a fixture 10 such as a screw, a tex, or a nail is attached from the outdoor side surface (metal shell 4 side) of the sandwich panel 7. The sandwich panel 7 is fixed to the wooden frame 3 by driving in and punching the sandwich panel 7 and driving a plurality of fixtures 10 into the pillars 3a, the inter-columns 3b and the trunk edge of the wooden frame 3. In this case, a woodwork 9 is interposed between the sandwich panel 7 and the wooden frame 3. In the present invention, it is preferable that the fixing tool 10 is screwed with a screw portion, such as a screw or a tex, rather than a nail, thereby increasing the fixing strength of the structural face material 42 and improving the seismic performance of the new outer wall. Can be high.

図３（ａ）に示すように、複数本の固定具１０のうち、その全てが木ずり９を貫通するように打ち込んでもよいし、図３（ｂ）に示すように、全ての固定具１０が木ずり９を貫通しないように打ち込んでもよいし、図３（ｃ）に示すように、一部（６〜８割）の固定具１０が木ずり９を貫通し、残りの固定具１０が木ずり９を貫通しないように打ち込んでもよい。木ずり９を貫通しない固定具１０は隣り合う木ずり９，９の間隙３６を通して木造軸組３に打入する。そして、全ての固定具１０が木ずり９を貫通するように打ち込んだ場合が最もサンドイッチパネル７の固定強度が高くなり外壁としての面内せん断耐力が大きくなる。一部（６〜８割）の固定具１０が木ずり９を貫通するように打ち込んだ場合は、全ての固定具１０が木ずり９を貫通しないように打ち込んだ場合よりも、サンドイッチパネル７の固定強度が高くなり外壁としての面内せん断耐力が大きくなる。従って、木ずり９による固定具１０の補強効果によりサンドイッチパネル７の固定強度が高くなると考えられる。   As shown in FIG. 3 (a), among the plurality of fixtures 10, all of them may be driven so as to pass through the woodwork 9, or as shown in FIG. 3 (b), all the fixtures 10 are driven. However, as shown in FIG. 3 (c), a part (60 to 80%) of the fixing tool 10 penetrates the wood shaving 9 and the remaining fixing tool 10 is inserted. It may be driven so as not to penetrate the wood lumber 9. The fixture 10 that does not penetrate the woodwork 9 is driven into the wooden frame 3 through the gap 36 between the adjacent woodwork 9 and 9. When all the fixing tools 10 are driven so as to penetrate through the wood lumber 9, the fixing strength of the sandwich panel 7 is highest and the in-plane shear strength as the outer wall is increased. When a part (60 to 80%) of the fasteners 10 are driven so as to penetrate the wood lumber 9, the sandwich panel 7 can be driven more than when all the fasteners 10 are driven so as not to penetrate the wood lumber 9. The fixing strength increases and the in-plane shear strength as the outer wall increases. Therefore, it is considered that the fixing strength of the sandwich panel 7 is increased by the reinforcing effect of the fixing tool 10 by the woodwork 9.

そして、上記のようにして複数枚のサンドイッチパネル７，７…を固定具１０で木造軸組３に固定することによって、既存外壁１の改修を行って図１（ｃ）に示すような新規な外壁を形成することができる。ここで、複数枚のサンドイッチパネル７、７…は縦方向に並べて配設するが、上下に隣接するサンドイッチパネル７，７は嵌合凸部２０と嵌合凹部２１との嵌合により接続する。尚、サンドイッチパネル７の側端部に嵌合凸部２０と嵌合凹部２１とを設け、左右に隣接するサンドイッチパネル７，７の嵌合凸部２０と嵌合凹部２１とを嵌合しながら複数枚のサンドイッチパネル７、７…を横方向に並べて配設してもよい。また、上記のようにして固定したサンドイッチパネル７をそのまま新規な外壁の外装仕上げ材としてもよいし、あるいは上記のようにして固定したサンドイッチパネル７の屋外面に外装用の塗装を施したり外装仕上げ材を取り付けたりすることができる。   Then, by fixing the plurality of sandwich panels 7, 7... To the wooden frame 3 with the fixture 10, as described above, the existing outer wall 1 is repaired and a new one as shown in FIG. An outer wall can be formed. Here, a plurality of sandwich panels 7, 7... Are arranged side by side in the vertical direction, but the sandwich panels 7, 7 adjacent to each other in the vertical direction are connected by fitting the fitting convex portion 20 and the fitting concave portion 21 together. In addition, the fitting convex part 20 and the fitting recessed part 21 are provided in the side edge part of the sandwich panel 7, and fitting the fitting convex part 20 and the fitting recessed part 21 of the sandwich panels 7 and 7 adjacent on the right and left are fitted. A plurality of sandwich panels 7, 7... May be arranged side by side in the horizontal direction. The sandwich panel 7 fixed as described above may be used as a new exterior finishing material for the outer wall as it is, or the exterior surface of the sandwich panel 7 fixed as described above may be applied with exterior coating or exterior finish. You can attach materials.

上記のような改修工法により形成される新規な外壁では、建物の構造耐力上主要な部分に使用する板材である構造用面材４２を耐震要素として用いることにより、耐震性能の低い古い木造建物の耐震性能を高くすることができるものである。また、サンドイッチパネル７の金属外皮４，５による耐火・防火性能や断熱材６による断熱性能も得ることができ、既存外壁１に比べて断熱性能及び耐火・防火性能を向上させることができるものである。   In the new outer wall formed by the repair method as described above, the structural face material 42, which is a plate material used for the main part in the structural strength of the building, is used as the seismic element, so that old wooden buildings with low seismic performance are used. Seismic performance can be increased. Moreover, the fire resistance / fire prevention performance by the metal skins 4 and 5 of the sandwich panel 7 and the heat insulation performance by the heat insulating material 6 can be obtained, and the heat insulation performance and fire resistance / fire prevention performance can be improved compared to the existing outer wall 1. is there.

図７に他の実施の形態を示す。この実施の形態では、図１（ａ）に示す既存外壁１から外装仕上げ材４１であるモルタル２などの塗り壁材をラス下地８と共に除去し、さらに外装下地材４０である木ずり９、９…も除去して木造軸組３を露出させた後、この木造軸組３の屋外側面に直に構造用面材４２であるサンドイッチパネル７を接触させて配置し、サンドイッチパネル７の屋外側面から固定具１０を打入し、サンドイッチパネル７を貫通して複数本の固定具１０を木造軸組３の柱や間柱や胴縁に打ち込むことによって、サンドイッチパネル７を木造軸組３に固定するようにしたものである。その他の構成は上記と同様である。   FIG. 7 shows another embodiment. In this embodiment, the coated wall material such as the mortar 2 that is the exterior finish material 41 is removed together with the lath substrate 8 from the existing outer wall 1 shown in FIG. .. Are also removed to expose the wooden frame 3, and then the sandwich panel 7, which is a structural face material 42, is placed directly on the outdoor side surface of the wooden frame 3. Fixing tool 10 is driven in, and sandwich panel 7 is fixed to wooden frame 3 by penetrating sandwich panel 7 and driving a plurality of fixing tools 10 into the pillars, studs, and body edges of wooden frame 3. It is a thing. Other configurations are the same as described above.

この実施の形態においては、木ずり９が経年劣化により腐食などしている場合に、改修後の新規な外壁の内部に木ずり９が残存しないようにすることができ、新規な外壁の耐久性が損なわれないようにすることができる。   In this embodiment, when the woodwork 9 is corroded due to deterioration over time, it is possible to prevent the woodwork 9 from remaining inside the new outer wall after renovation, and the durability of the new outside wall. Can be kept intact.

以下本発明を実施例によって具体的に説明する。   Hereinafter, the present invention will be described specifically by way of examples.

（実施例１）
図４（ａ）〜（ｅ）に示すような試験体Ａを本発明の外壁の改修構造として作成した。 (Example 1)
A specimen A as shown in FIGS. 4A to 4E was prepared as a modified structure of the outer wall of the present invention.

木造軸組３は、梁３０、柱３１、土台３２、間柱３３で形成した。梁３０は１８０×１０５ｍｍの米松製材を用いた。柱３１及び土台３２は１０５×１０５ｍｍの杉製材を用いた。間柱３３は３０×１０５ｍｍの杉製材を用いた。柱３１は土台３２の上に立設し、一対の柱３１，３１が所定の間隔を介して左右に対向するように配置した。柱３１と土台３２とは連結具（ホールダウン金物（２０ｋＮ用））３４で連結した。梁３０は土台３２上に立設した柱３１、３１の上端間に架設した。柱３１と梁３０とは連結具（羽子板ボルト）３５で連結した。尚、土台３２と柱３１及び梁３０と柱３１との仕口はほぞ加工とした。間柱３３は一対の柱３１、３１の間に等間隔（４５５ｍｍ）で三本配置し、梁３０と土台３２とに二本の固定具（コーススレッド）で接合した。上記の木造軸組３に複数本の木ずり９を取り付けた。木ずり９は１２×７５ｍｍの杉製材であって、その強度負担を少なくするために、端部をそれぞれＮ５０釘１本で柱３１と間柱３３に留め付けた。ここで、上下に隣り合って配設した木ずり９、９の間には３１ｍｍの間隙３６を設けた。尚、図４には試験体Ａの各部の寸法（単位はｍｍ）も記載した。   The wooden frame 3 was formed by a beam 30, a column 31, a base 32, and a stud 33. The beam 30 was made of 180 × 105 mm rice pine lumber. The pillar 31 and the base 32 were made of cedar lumber of 105 × 105 mm. The studs 33 were made of 30 × 105 mm cedar lumber. The pillar 31 was erected on the base 32, and the pair of pillars 31, 31 were arranged so as to be opposed to the left and right with a predetermined interval. The pillar 31 and the base 32 were connected by a connecting tool (hole down hardware (for 20 kN)) 34. The beam 30 was installed between the upper ends of the pillars 31 and 31 erected on the base 32. The column 31 and the beam 30 were connected by a connecting tool (wing plate bolt) 35. The joints between the base 32 and the column 31 and between the beam 30 and the column 31 were mortise. Three inter-columns 33 were arranged between the pair of columns 31 and 31 at equal intervals (455 mm), and were joined to the beam 30 and the base 32 with two fixing tools (course threads). A plurality of lumbers 9 were attached to the wooden frame 3 described above. The woodwork 9 is 12 × 75 mm cedar lumber, and its ends are fastened to the columns 31 and 33 with one N50 nail in order to reduce the strength burden. Here, a 31 mm gap 36 was provided between the wood lugs 9 and 9 arranged adjacent to each other in the vertical direction. FIG. 4 also shows the dimensions (unit: mm) of each part of the specimen A.

サンドイッチパネル７としては日鉄鋼板株式会社製のニスクボードＷを用いた。このサンドイッチパネル７は厚み３５ｍｍであって、屋外側の金属外皮４を厚み０．３５ｍｍのガルバリウム鋼板で、屋内側（木ずり９側）の金属外皮５を厚み０．５ｍｍのガルバリウム鋼板でそれぞれ形成し、断熱材６をポリイソシアヌレートフォームで形成したものである。固定具１０としては図５（ａ）（ｂ）に示すような鋼製のビスを用いた。図５（ａ）（ｂ）に固定具１０の各部の寸法を示す。   As the sandwich panel 7, Nisku board W manufactured by Nippon Steel Sheet Co., Ltd. was used. This sandwich panel 7 has a thickness of 35 mm, and the metal shell 4 on the outdoor side is formed with a galvalume steel plate with a thickness of 0.35 mm, and the metal shell 5 on the indoor side (the woodwork 9 side) is formed with a galbarium steel plate with a thickness of 0.5 mm. The heat insulating material 6 is made of polyisocyanurate foam. As the fixture 10, a steel screw as shown in FIGS. 5 (a) and 5 (b) was used. The dimension of each part of the fixture 10 is shown to Fig.5 (a) (b).

そして、三枚のサンドイッチパネル７を上下に並べて木造軸組３及び木ずり９の表面側（屋外側）に配置し、木ずり９の表面にサンドイッチパネル７の金属外皮５を接触した状態でサンドイッチパネル７の金属外皮４の表面から固定具１０を打入して木造軸組３に打ち込むことによって、サンドイッチパネル７を木造軸組３に固定した。この時、全ての固定具１０は木ずり９を貫通しないようにし、図４（ｅ）に示すように、間隙３６を通して木造軸組３に固定具１０を打ち込むようにした。使用した固定具１０の総数は８１本であった。また、上下に隣接するサンドイッチパネル７は嵌合凸部２０と嵌合凹部２１との嵌合により接続した。   Then, the three sandwich panels 7 are arranged one above the other on the surface side (outdoor side) of the wooden frame 3 and the wood shank 9, and the sandwich with the metal skin 5 of the sandwich panel 7 in contact with the surface of the wood shank 9 The sandwich panel 7 was fixed to the wooden frame 3 by driving the fixture 10 into the wooden frame 3 from the surface of the metal skin 4 of the panel 7. At this time, all the fixtures 10 were made not to penetrate the woodwork 9 and the fixtures 10 were driven into the wooden frame 3 through the gaps 36 as shown in FIG. 4 (e). The total number of fixtures 10 used was 81. Moreover, the sandwich panel 7 adjacent to the upper and lower sides was connected by fitting the fitting convex portion 20 and the fitting concave portion 21.

（実施例２）
全ての固定具１０が木ずり９を貫通するように打入した以外は実施例１と同様にして試験体Ａを作成した。 (Example 2)
Specimen A was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that all the fixtures 10 were driven so as to penetrate the wood lumber 9.

（実施例３）
図６（ａ）〜（ｄ）に示すように、固定具１０を柱３１に対しては上下方向で１０６ｍｍの間隔で打入し、間柱３３に対しては上下方向で４５５ｍｍの間隔で打入した以外は実施例１と同様にして試験体Ａを作成した。この場合、使用した固定具１０の総数に対して木ずり９を貫通する固定具１０の総数の割合は約７０％となった。 (Example 3)
As shown in FIGS. 6A to 6D, the fixture 10 is driven into the column 31 at an interval of 106 mm in the vertical direction, and is inserted into the intermediate column 33 at an interval of 455 mm in the vertical direction. A specimen A was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that. In this case, the ratio of the total number of fixtures 10 penetrating the woodwork 9 to the total number of fixtures 10 used was about 70%.

（実施例４）
木ずり９を用いないようにした以外は実施例１と同様にして試験体Ａを作成した。この場合、サンドイッチパネル７の金属外皮５を木造軸組３に接触させた状態で直に固定した。また、固定具１０の打ち込み間隔は実施例３と同様にした。 Example 4
A specimen A was prepared in the same manner as in Example 1 except that the wood lumber 9 was not used. In this case, the metal shell 5 of the sandwich panel 7 was fixed directly in a state where it was in contact with the wooden frame 3. In addition, the driving interval of the fixture 10 was the same as in Example 3.

そして、上記の実施例１〜４で得られた試験体Ａについて耐震性能を評価するために、壁倍率を測定する実験を行った。この実験は、財団法人／日本住宅・木材技術センター「木造軸組工法住宅の許容応力度設計」の１．２面内せん断試験方法に準じて行ったが、無載荷柱脚固定式、正負交番繰り返し加力とし、１／１５ｒａｄ．以上では、正加力方向に単調漸増載荷として行った。   And in order to evaluate seismic performance about the test body A obtained in said Examples 1-4, experiment which measured wall magnification was done. This experiment was conducted in accordance with the 1.2 in-plane shear test method of the Foundation / Japan Residential and Wood Technology Center “Design of allowable stress for wooden framed construction method houses”. Repeatedly applied, 1/15 rad. In the above, it carried out as a monotonically increasing load in the positive force direction.

上記の実験の結果、実施例１〜４の全ての試験体Ａにおいて、１／１５ｒａｄ．（変位１８２ｍｍ）を超えても荷重が８割低下若しくは最大耐力にならないものもあり、非常に変形性能に優れているものであった。また、実施例１〜４の全ての試験体Ａにおいて、加力に従って三枚のサンドイッチパネル７のずれが見られるが、固定具１０の剛性が大きくて木ずり９の部分（サンドイッチパネル７と木造軸組３との隙間）での固定具１０の曲げ変形はほとんど確認されなかった。サンドイッチパネル７と木造軸組３とのずれは、主としてサンドイッチパネル７の屋外側（木造軸組３と反対側）の金属外皮４への固定具１０の頭部のめりこみと、サンドイッチパネル７の屋内側（木造軸組３側）の金属外皮５のせん断方向への固定具１０による割裂とが生じるために、固定具１０の木造軸組３からの抜けは少なかった。また、サンドイッチパネル７の屋外側の金属外皮４への固定具１０の頭部のめりこみが発生し、さらに貫通してサンドイッチパネル７の屋内側の金属外皮５で固定具１０の頭が引っ掛かっているものもあったが、固定具１０の破断やせん断破壊は皆無であった。   As a result of the above experiment, in all the specimens A of Examples 1 to 4, 1/15 rad. Even when (displacement 182 mm) was exceeded, the load did not decrease by 80% or the maximum yield strength, and the deformation performance was extremely excellent. Moreover, in all the test bodies A of Examples 1-4, although the shift | offset | difference of the three sandwich panels 7 is seen according to applied force, the rigidity of the fixing tool 10 is large and the part of the woodwork 9 (sandwich panel 7 and wooden structure). Bending deformation of the fixture 10 in the gap with the shaft assembly 3) was hardly confirmed. The deviation between the sandwich panel 7 and the wooden frame 3 is mainly due to the retraction of the head of the fixture 10 into the metal skin 4 on the outdoor side of the sandwich panel 7 (the side opposite to the wooden frame 3) and the shop of the sandwich panel 7. Since the inner outer (wooden frame 3 side) metal shell 5 was split by the fixing tool 10 in the shearing direction, the fixing tool 10 was little detached from the wooden shaft 3. In addition, the head of the fixture 10 is recessed into the metal shell 4 on the outdoor side of the sandwich panel 7, and the head of the fixture 10 is caught by the metal shell 5 on the indoor side of the sandwich panel 7. Although there were some, there was no breakage or shear fracture of the fixture 10.

また、以下の表１に示すように、壁倍率の数値は、実施例１、実施例３、実施例４、実施例２の順で値が上がっている。固定具１０の変形に対する拘束力が最も高い実施例４が最も高い値を示すと考えられるが、実際には実施例４は実施例２よりも壁倍率が小さくなった。これは、実施例４のものでは間柱３３の部分のサンドイッチパネル７、７間のせん断力の伝達が、間柱３３の割裂により低下するが、実施例２のものでは、サンドイッチパネル７、７の接続部分に沿って位置する木ずり９があるために、間柱３３が割裂した後でも木ずり９により、サンドイッチパネル７、７間のせん断力の伝達が行われていたためと考えられる。   Moreover, as shown in Table 1 below, the numerical values of the wall magnification increase in the order of Example 1, Example 3, Example 4, and Example 2. Although Example 4 with the highest restraining force with respect to the deformation of the fixture 10 is considered to exhibit the highest value, the wall magnification of Example 4 was actually smaller than that of Example 2. In the fourth embodiment, the transmission of the shearing force between the sandwich panels 7 and 7 at the portion of the intermediate pillar 33 is reduced due to the splitting of the intermediate pillar 33, but in the second embodiment, the connection of the sandwich panels 7 and 7 is reduced. This is considered to be because the shear force between the sandwich panels 7 and 7 was transmitted by the woodwork 9 even after the studs 33 were split because the woodwork 9 was positioned along the portion.

Figure 2008038355
Figure 2008038355

尚、以下に各種の壁倍率を示すが、実施例１〜４はこれらと遜色のない壁倍率を有し、耐震性能が高いものである。   In addition, although various wall magnifications are shown below, Examples 1-4 have a wall magnification comparable to these, and have high earthquake resistance.

１．建築基準法施行令に掲げる軸組から抜粋したもの
・土塗壁又は木ずりその他これに類するものを柱及び間柱の片面に打ち付けた壁を設けた軸組…０．５
・木ずりその他これに類するものを柱及び間柱の「両面」に打ち付けた壁を設けた軸組…１．０
２．上記１．と同等以上の耐力を有する軸組及び当該軸組に係る壁倍率の数値（建築基準法関連告示の抜粋）
（１）以下の材料を以下のくぎで＠１５ｃｍ以下のピッチで柱及びはり並びにはり、けた、土台その他の横架材の片面に打ち付けた壁を設けた軸組
（ａ）Ｎ５０くぎ
・構造用合板（日本農林規格に規定するもので、厚さが５ｍｍ以上のもの）…２．５
・パーティクルボード（ＪＩＳに適合するもので厚さが１２ｍｍ以上のもの）…２．５
・硬質木片セメント板（ＪＩＳに適合するもので厚さが１２ｍｍ以上のもの）…２．０
（ｂ）Ｎ３８くぎ
・ラスシート（角波亜鉛鉄板ラス）（ＪＩＳに定めるもののうち角波亜鉛鉄板の厚さが０．４ｍｍ以上、メタルラスの厚さが０．６ｍｍ以上のもの）…１．０
（２）厚さ１．５ｃｍ以上で幅４．５ｃｍ以上の木材を３１ｃｍ以下の間隔で柱及び間柱並びにはり、けた、土台その他の横架材にくぎ（ＪＩＳに定めるＮ５０又はこれと同等以上の品質を有するもの）で打ち付けた胴縁に、上記材料をくぎ（ＪＩＳに定めるＮ３２又はこれと同等以上の品質を有するもの）で打ち付けた壁（くぎ間隔：１５ｃｍ以下）を設けた軸組…０．５ 1. An excerpt from the shaft set up in the Building Standards Law Enforcement Ordinance, a shaft set with a wall that has been struck on one side of a pillar and an inter-column with earthen wall or wood ladle or similar
・ Shafts with walls made of wood and other similar objects on both sides of the pillars and studs ... 1.0
2. Above 1. A shaft with a yield strength equal to or greater than that of the wall and the numerical value of the wall magnification of the shaft (excerpt from the Building Standards Act-related notification)
(1) Shafts with the following materials in the following nails at a pitch of 15 cm or less: pillars, beams, beams, beams, foundations, and other struts provided with walls that are struck on one side (a) N50 nails and structures Plywood (as defined in Japanese Agricultural Standards, thickness of 5mm or more) ... 2.5
・ Particle board (conforming to JIS with a thickness of 12mm or more) ... 2.5
・ Hard wood cement board (conforming to JIS and having a thickness of 12mm or more) ... 2.0
(B) N38 nail and lath sheet (square wave zinc iron plate lath) (among those specified in JIS, the thickness of the square wave zinc iron plate is 0.4 mm or more and the thickness of the metal lath is 0.6 mm or more) ... 1.0
(2) Nails with a thickness of 1.5 cm or more and a width of 4.5 cm or more with a spacing of 31 cm or less, pillars, studs, beams, girders, foundations and other horizontal members (N50 defined by JIS or equivalent or higher) A shaft assembly provided with a wall (nail spacing: 15 cm or less) in which the above material is punched with a nail (N32 defined in JIS or having a quality equal to or higher than this) on the edge of the drum struck .5

本発明の実施の形態の一例を示し、（ａ）〜（ｃ）は断面図である。An example of embodiment of this invention is shown, (a)-(c) is sectional drawing. 同上のサンドイッチパネルを示す斜視図である。It is a perspective view which shows a sandwich panel same as the above. （ａ）乃至（ｃ）は同上の断面図である。(A) thru | or (c) are sectional drawings same as the above. 同上の実施例１における試験体を示し、（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は断面図、（ｃ）は側面図、（ｄ）は（ａ）におけるＡ−Ａ断面図、（ｅ）は一部の断面図である。The test body in Example 1 same as the above is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a sectional view, (c) is a side view, (d) is an AA sectional view in (a), (e) is a sectional view. FIG. 同上の固定具の一例を示し、（ａ）は側面図、（ｂ）は上面図である。An example of a fixing tool same as the above is shown, (a) is a side view, and (b) is a top view. 同上の実施例３における試験体を示し、（ａ）は正面図、（ｂ）は断面図、（ｃ）は側面図、（ｄ）は（ａ）におけるＡ−Ａ断面図である。The test body in Example 3 same as the above is shown, (a) is a front view, (b) is a sectional view, (c) is a side view, and (d) is an AA sectional view in (a). 本発明の他の実施の形態の一例を示す断面図である。It is sectional drawing which shows an example of other embodiment of this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

１ 既存外壁
３ 木造軸組
４ 金属外皮
５ 金属外皮
６ 断熱材
７ サンドイッチパネル
９ 木ずり
１０ 固定具
３６ 間隙
４０ 外装下地材
４１ 外装仕上げ材
４２ 構造用面材 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Existing outer wall 3 Wooden frame 4 Metal outer skin 5 Metal outer skin 6 Heat insulating material 7 Sandwich panel 9 Wood ladle 10 Fixing tool 36 Gap 40 Exterior base material 41 Exterior finishing material 42 Structural surface material

Claims (5)

木造軸組と、木造軸組に取り付けた外装下地材と、外装下地材の表面に設けた外装仕上げ材とからなる既存外壁の改修構造であって、外装仕上げ材を外装下地材から除去した後の木造軸組に対して構造用面材を固定して成ることを特徴とする既存外壁の改修構造。   It is a modified structure of an existing outer wall consisting of a wooden frame, an exterior base material attached to the wooden frame, and an exterior finish material provided on the surface of the exterior base material, after the exterior finish material is removed from the exterior base material A renovation structure of an existing outer wall, characterized by fixing a structural face material to a wooden frame. 外装下地材が複数枚の木ずりで形成されており、木ずりの表面に構造用面材を配置し、固定具を構造用面材の表面から木ずりに貫通させて木造軸組にまで打入することによって、構造用面材を木造軸組に固定して成ることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の既存外壁の改修構造。   The exterior base material is made of multiple pieces of wood, and the structural surface material is placed on the surface of the wood, and the fixture is passed through the wood from the surface of the structural surface to the wooden frame. The structure for repairing an existing outer wall according to claim 1, wherein the structural face material is fixed to the wooden frame by inserting. 外装下地材が複数枚の木ずりで形成されており、木ずりの表面に構造用面材を配置し、固定具を構造用面材の表面から隣り合う木ずりの間隙に通して木造軸組にまで打入することによって、構造用面材を木造軸組に固定して成ることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の既存外壁の改修構造。   The exterior base material is made of multiple pieces of wood, a structural surface material is placed on the surface of the wood, and the fixture is passed from the surface of the structural surface to the adjacent woodwork. The structure for repairing an existing outer wall according to claim 1, wherein the structural face material is fixed to the wooden frame by driving into 外装下地材を木造軸組から除去して成ることを特徴とする請求項１に記載の既存外壁の改修構造。   The repair structure of the existing outer wall according to claim 1, wherein the exterior base material is removed from the wooden frame. 構造用面材として、二枚の金属外皮の間に断熱材を充填して形成したサンドイッチパネルを用いて成ることを特徴とする請求項１乃至４のいずれかに記載の既存外壁の改修構造。

The repair structure for an existing outer wall according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein a sandwich panel formed by filling a heat insulating material between two metal shells is used as the structural face material.

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Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011074645A (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-14 Asahi Tostem Gaiso Kk Exterior wall structure of wooden house, exterior wall construction method, and reform method of existing exterior wall
JP2012202112A (en) * 2011-03-25 2012-10-22 Nichiha Corp Structure for constructing exterior wall substrate
JP2014163051A (en) * 2013-02-21 2014-09-08 Nippon Steel & Sumikin Coated Sheet Corp Earthquake-resistant and heat-insulating repair structure

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JPH08199764A (en) * 1995-01-25 1996-08-06 Shinsei Kogyo Kk Fixing method of external wall material for repair
JPH08260664A (en) * 1995-03-28 1996-10-08 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd Method of repair construction of lath mortar external wall and fixture for panel
JP2001173240A (en) * 1999-12-20 2001-06-26 Asahi Rehouse:Kk Reinforced outer wall and method of reinforcing outer wall
JP2002213033A (en) * 2001-01-17 2002-07-31 Daido Steel Sheet Corp Structure for bearing wall
JP2003020743A (en) * 2001-07-05 2003-01-24 Kouyaku:Kk Horizontal furring strips
JP2004225441A (en) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-12 Nippon Wall Kensetsu Kk External facing plate mounting structure
JP2005248429A (en) * 2004-03-01 2005-09-15 Ig Tech Res Inc Aseismic rebuilding method of existing exterior wall
JP2006177058A (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-07-06 Ig Tech Res Inc Earthquake-proof retrofitting structure for existing external wall

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* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JPH08199764A (en) * 1995-01-25 1996-08-06 Shinsei Kogyo Kk Fixing method of external wall material for repair
JPH08260664A (en) * 1995-03-28 1996-10-08 Sumitomo Metal Mining Co Ltd Method of repair construction of lath mortar external wall and fixture for panel
JP2001173240A (en) * 1999-12-20 2001-06-26 Asahi Rehouse:Kk Reinforced outer wall and method of reinforcing outer wall
JP2002213033A (en) * 2001-01-17 2002-07-31 Daido Steel Sheet Corp Structure for bearing wall
JP2003020743A (en) * 2001-07-05 2003-01-24 Kouyaku:Kk Horizontal furring strips
JP2004225441A (en) * 2003-01-24 2004-08-12 Nippon Wall Kensetsu Kk External facing plate mounting structure
JP2005248429A (en) * 2004-03-01 2005-09-15 Ig Tech Res Inc Aseismic rebuilding method of existing exterior wall
JP2006177058A (en) * 2004-12-22 2006-07-06 Ig Tech Res Inc Earthquake-proof retrofitting structure for existing external wall

Cited By (3)

* Cited by examiner, † Cited by third party
Publication number Priority date Publication date Assignee Title
JP2011074645A (en) * 2009-09-30 2011-04-14 Asahi Tostem Gaiso Kk Exterior wall structure of wooden house, exterior wall construction method, and reform method of existing exterior wall
JP2012202112A (en) * 2011-03-25 2012-10-22 Nichiha Corp Structure for constructing exterior wall substrate
JP2014163051A (en) * 2013-02-21 2014-09-08 Nippon Steel & Sumikin Coated Sheet Corp Earthquake-resistant and heat-insulating repair structure

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