JP4295640B2 - Seismic retrofit structure for existing exterior walls - Google Patents

Seismic retrofit structure for existing exterior walls Download PDF

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JP4295640B2
JP4295640B2 JP2004049350A JP2004049350A JP4295640B2 JP 4295640 B2 JP4295640 B2 JP 4295640B2 JP 2004049350 A JP2004049350 A JP 2004049350A JP 2004049350 A JP2004049350 A JP 2004049350A JP 4295640 B2 JP4295640 B2 JP 4295640B2
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existing
column
earthquake
existing exterior
structural
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JP2005240344A (en
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光彦 荻野
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IG Kogyo Co Ltd
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本発明は、既存外装壁を改修し、耐震性を向上した家屋に改修するための既存外装壁の耐震改修構造に係るものである。   The present invention relates to a seismic retrofit structure for an existing exterior wall for repairing an existing exterior wall to a house with improved earthquake resistance.

一般に、家屋に耐震性を付加する構造としては、構造用面材等の補強板を付設して耐震性を向上する構造、あるいは内装に構造用面材等の補強板を在来工法で建てられた古い木造住宅の耐震部材として施工する耐震改修構造等がある。（例えば、特許文献１〜５参照）。   In general, as a structure to add earthquake resistance to a house, a structural plate or other reinforcing plate is attached to improve the earthquake resistance, or the interior is equipped with a structural plate or other reinforcing plate using a conventional method. There are earthquake-resistant repair structures that are constructed as earthquake-resistant members for old wooden houses. (For example, refer to Patent Documents 1 to 5).

特開平０９−３２８８２５号公報JP 09-328825 A 特開平１０−３３８９８０号公報JP-A-10-338980 特開平１１−１０７３６６号公報JP-A-11-107366 特開２０００−２９１１３０号公報JP 2000-291130 A 特開２００３−２４７２８９号公報JP 2003-247289 A

しかしながら、特許文献１〜３は新築で補強板を施工して耐震性・遮音性・断熱性を向上する構造であり、改修構造としては確立されていない。また、特許文献４、５は既存の木造住宅に耐震性を付加するための構造であるが、内装材側に施工する構造である。   However, Patent Documents 1 to 3 are structures that are newly constructed to improve the earthquake resistance, sound insulation, and heat insulation by constructing a reinforcing plate, and have not been established as a repair structure. Moreover, although patent document 4, 5 is a structure for adding earthquake resistance to the existing wooden house, it is a structure constructed on the interior material side.

本発明はこのような欠点を解決するために、既存木造住宅の外装材の一部を主柱と間柱の中心間の幅で剥がすと共に、主柱、間柱の中心より同一方向にずらし、かつ主柱の露出が主柱の幅の１／２より大きい幅の位置で剥がし、剥がした露出空間の間柱の側面に補強材を固定し、露出空間に構造用面材を固定し、外装材と構造用面材上に胴縁を介して新規外装材を固定した既存外装壁の耐震改修構造を提供するものである。
In order to solve such drawbacks, the present invention peels off part of the exterior material of an existing wooden house with the width between the center of the main column and the center column , and shifts it in the same direction from the center of the main column and the center column. The exposed column is peeled off at a position where the width is larger than half of the width of the main column , the reinforcing material is fixed to the side surface of the column between the exposed spaces, and the structural surface material is fixed to the exposed space. It provides a seismic retrofit structure for existing exterior walls in which a new exterior material is fixed on the face material via the trunk edge.

本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造によれば、（１）簡単に耐震性を向上できる。（２）既存の木造住宅の耐震性を向上できる。（３）既存の外装材を残したままで補強材を形成できると共に、耐震補強したい部分だけを解体するだけで耐震補強が可能である。（４）大規模な解体を必要としない。（５）胴縁を形成すれば通気構造を形成できる。（６）既存外装壁を部分的に除去するために、構造躯体の性状を把握でき、補修も可能である。（７）耐力壁の配置は、建物の外周に設けるのが効果的であり、特に、耐力壁線が交差する出隅部等の隅角部にＬ字に配置するのが理想とされており、外壁改修を行なう際に耐力壁を増強できるので都合がよい。等の特徴、効果がある。   According to the earthquake-resistant repair structure of the existing exterior wall according to the present invention, (1) the earthquake resistance can be easily improved. (2) The earthquake resistance of existing wooden houses can be improved. (3) The reinforcing material can be formed while leaving the existing exterior material, and the seismic reinforcement can be performed only by disassembling only the portion to be seismically reinforced. (4) Does not require large-scale dismantling. (5) If a trunk edge is formed, a ventilation structure can be formed. (6) Since the existing exterior wall is partially removed, the properties of the structural housing can be grasped and repaired. (7) It is effective that the bearing walls are arranged on the outer periphery of the building. In particular, it is ideal that the bearing walls are arranged in an L shape at corners such as the protruding corners where the bearing wall lines intersect. It is convenient because the bearing wall can be strengthened when repairing the outer wall. There are features and effects.

以下に図面を用いて本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造について詳細に説明する。図１は本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造の施工状態の一例を示す断面図、図２（ａ）〜（ｇ）は施工順序を示す断面図である。αは既存躯体、Ａは既存外装壁である。   Hereinafter, an earthquake-resistant repair structure for an existing exterior wall according to the present invention will be described in detail with reference to the drawings. FIG. 1 is a cross-sectional view showing an example of a construction state of an existing exterior wall seismic retrofit structure according to the present invention, and FIGS. 2A to 2G are cross-sectional views showing a construction sequence. α is an existing housing, and A is an existing exterior wall.

既存躯体αは、主柱１、間柱２、図示しないが梁、土台、筋かい、胴差し、ぬき、断熱材（例えば、グラスウール等）等よりなり、既存外装壁Ａは乾式外装材（金属製サイディング、窯業系サイディング、タイル、ＡＬＣ、等）等の外装材４よりなるものである。なお、一点鎖線で示す３は内装材、βは空間である。   The existing frame α is composed of the main column 1 and the intermediary column 2, although not shown, a beam, a base, a brace, a torso, a punch, a heat insulating material (for example, glass wool) and the like, and the existing exterior wall A is a dry exterior material (made of metal) Siding, ceramic siding, tile, ALC, etc.). In addition, 3 shown with a dashed-dotted line is interior material, (beta) is space.

５は補強材であり、図７（ａ）に示すような部材を図２（ｃ）、図５（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すように形成するものである。   Reference numeral 5 denotes a reinforcing material, and a member as shown in FIG. 7A is formed as shown in FIGS. 2C, 5A, and 5B.

６は構造用面材であり、図７（ｂ）に示すような部材を図２（ｄ）、図６（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すように形成するものである。構造用面材６とは、建築物の構造耐力上主要な部分に使用するものである。   Reference numeral 6 denotes a structural face material, and a member as shown in FIG. 7B is formed as shown in FIGS. 2D, 6A, and 6B. The structural face material 6 is used for a main part in the structural strength of a building.

構造用面材６は構造用合板、パーティクルボード、構造用パネル（ＯＳＢ）、ハードボード、硬質木片セメント板、せっこうボード、せっこうラスボード、シージングボード（シージングインシュレーションボード）、ラシスート、等である。   The structural face material 6 is a structural plywood, particle board, structural panel (OSB), hard board, hard wood cement board, gypsum board, gypsum lath board, sizing board (sieving insulation board), rasito, etc. .

構造用面材６の一例としては、構造用合板であり、建築物の構造耐力上主要な部分に使用する合板である。構造用合板の構造用合板１級（特類・１類）とは、２×４住宅（ツーバイフォー）等の建築物の耐力構造上必要な部位に使用される合板で、Ｋプライと呼ばれるものである。寸法は厚さ７．５〜２４ｍｍ、幅＝９１０・１２２０ｍｍ、等（幅は任意）、長さ＝１８２０・２４３０・２７３０ｍｍ、等（長さは任意）である。単板の厚さが規定され、それによって合板の強度保証をしているものである。また、構造用合板の構造用合板２級（特類・１類）とは、１級と同様に使用されるが針葉樹合板が主としたものである。寸法は厚さ＝５．５〜２４ｍｍ、幅＝９１０・１２２０ｍｍ、等（幅は任意）、長さ＝１８００・１８２０・２４３０・２７３０ｍｍ、等（長さは任意）である。外装用には「特類」を使用すると良いものである。 An example of the structural face material 6 is a structural plywood, which is a plywood used for a main part in terms of structural strength of a building. Structural plywood class 1 (specialty, class 1) is a plywood used for parts required for the load-bearing structure of buildings such as 2x4 houses (two-by-four). is there. The dimensions are 7.5 to 24 mm in thickness, width = 910 · 1220 mm, etc. (width is arbitrary), length = 1820/2430/2730 mm, etc. (length is arbitrary). The thickness of the veneer is specified, thereby guaranteeing the strength of the plywood. Further, the structural plywood class 2 (special class 1) of the structural plywood is used in the same manner as the first class, but is mainly composed of softwood plywood. The dimensions are thickness = 5.5-24 mm, width = 910/1220 mm, etc. (width is arbitrary), length = 1800/1820 / 2430-2730 mm, etc. (length is arbitrary). It is better to use “special” for the exterior.

７は胴縁であり、図２（ｆ）に示すように形成するものである。   Reference numeral 7 denotes a trunk edge, which is formed as shown in FIG.

８は新規外装材であり、図２（ｇ）に示すように形成するものである。   8 is a new exterior material, which is formed as shown in FIG.

新規外装材８しては、乾式外装材（金属製サイディング、窯業系サイディング、タイル、ＡＬＣ、等）等よりなるものである。新規外装材９の一例としては、図８（ａ）〜（ｄ）に示すようなものであり、表面材９、裏面材１０、芯材１１、パッキング材１２よりなる金属製サイディング材である。   The new exterior material 8 is made of a dry exterior material (metal siding, ceramic siding, tile, ALC, etc.) and the like. As an example of the new exterior material 9, as shown in FIGS. 8A to 8D, a metal siding material composed of a surface material 9, a back material 10, a core material 11, and a packing material 12 is used.

勿論、空間β内に断熱材、例えばグラスウール等を形成した既存躯体αにも形成できるものである。   Of course, it can also be formed in an existing housing α in which a heat insulating material such as glass wool is formed in the space β.

ここで、本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造の施工方法について、図２（ａ）〜（ｇ）、〜図６（ａ）、（ｂ）を用いて説明する。図２（ａ）、図３（ａ）、（ｂ）は耐震改修を施す既存外装壁Ａである。まず、図２（ｂ）、図４（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すように耐震改修を施す既存外装壁Ａ部分の外装材４を除去する。この時、主柱１と間柱２の中心部分よりｔの距離だけずらして除去するものである。なお、図では除去幅は９１０ｍｍである。勿論、除去幅は既存躯体αの構造、構造用面材６の大きさにより決定されるものであり、任意である。   Here, the construction method of the earthquake-proof repair structure of the existing exterior wall which concerns on this invention is demonstrated using Fig.2 (a)-(g),-Fig.6 (a), (b). 2 (a), 3 (a), and 3 (b) show an existing exterior wall A that is subjected to seismic retrofitting. First, as shown in FIGS. 2 (b), 4 (a), and 4 (b), the exterior material 4 of the existing exterior wall A portion to be subjected to earthquake-proof repair is removed. At this time, the main pillar 1 and the intermediate pillar 2 are removed by being shifted by a distance t from the central portion. In the figure, the removal width is 910 mm. Of course, the removal width is determined by the structure of the existing housing α and the size of the structural face material 6 and is arbitrary.

主柱１と間柱２の中心部分よりｔの距離だけずらして除去することにより、構造用面材６を確実に固定することができる。また、既存筋かい壁（図９に示す）との併用により耐震補強することができる。 By displacing the main pillar 1 and the center pillar 2 from the central portion by a distance t, the structural face material 6 can be reliably fixed. Moreover, seismic reinforcement can be performed by using together with an existing bracing wall (shown in FIG. 9).

次に、図２（ｃ）、図５（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すように、間柱２の側面に補強材５を釘等の固定具を介して固定する。その後、図２（ｄ）、図６（ａ）、（ｂ）に示すように構造用面材６を空間βに釘等の固定具を介して固定する。 Next, as shown in FIG. 2C, FIG. 5A, and FIG. 5B, the reinforcing member 5 is fixed to the side surface of the stud 2 via a fixing tool such as a nail. Thereafter, as shown in FIGS. 2 (d), 6 (a), and 6 (b), the structural face material 6 is fixed to the space β via a fixture such as a nail.

次に、図２（ｅ）、ｆ）に示すように、胴縁７（ここでは縦胴縁）、新規外壁材８を釘等の固定具を介して固定し、施工を完了するものである。勿論、新規外装材８が縦張りの場合には、胴縁７は横胴縁として形成するものである。   Next, as shown in FIGS. 2 (e) and 2 (f), the trunk edge 7 (in this case, the vertical trunk edge) and the new outer wall material 8 are fixed through a fixing tool such as a nail to complete the construction. . Of course, when the new exterior material 8 is vertically stretched, the trunk edge 7 is formed as a horizontal trunk edge.

以上説明したのは本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造の一実施例にすぎず、図９〜図１１（ａ）〜（ｃ）に示すように形成することもできる。   What has been described above is only one example of the existing exterior wall seismic retrofit structure according to the present invention, and can also be formed as shown in FIGS. 9 to 11A to 11C.

すなわち、図９〜図１０（ａ）〜（ｇ）は筋かい１ａが形成された既存躯体αを耐震改修する構造と、その施工方法を示す説明図である。   That is, FIG. 9 to FIG. 10A to FIG. 10G are explanatory views showing a structure for retrofitting the existing housing α on which the brace 1a is formed and a construction method thereof.

図１１（ａ）〜（ｃ）は、胴縁７を形成せずに、直接、外装材４と構造用面材６の上の全面に新規外装材８を形成した構造である。特に、（ｃ）図は構造用面材６と新規外装材８間の空間に不陸調整板材１３（長尺）を形成した構造である。   11A to 11C show a structure in which the new exterior material 8 is formed directly on the entire surface of the exterior material 4 and the structural face material 6 without forming the trunk edge 7. In particular, FIG. 6C shows a structure in which a non-land adjustment plate member 13 (long) is formed in the space between the structural face member 6 and the new exterior member 8.

既存住宅の耐震補強を行なう既に居住されている住宅の外壁には、エアコンや浴槽、コンロ等、外壁面に穴が開けられている。また、出窓の屋根や窓の庇がそれぞれの両脇の柱より左右に出ていたり、あるいは、柱間隔が４．５尺であったり、柱間隔が３尺で片側が入隅であったりする場合が珍しくない。このために、既存の外壁に３×９版等の耐力面材を用いて耐震補強する場合、３尺あるいは、６尺の柱間隔の壁面にそのまま構造用面材等の耐力面材を張れないケースが多い。こうしたケースでは片側柱、他側間柱の３尺幅の壁面を利用して耐震補強する本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造は大変利用価値が高いものである。 The outer wall of an already resident house that provides seismic reinforcement for existing houses has holes in the outer wall surface, such as an air conditioner, a bathtub, and a stove. In addition, the roof of the bay window and the window ridge protrude from the left and right pillars on both sides, or the column interval is 4.5 metric, the column interval is 3 metric, and one side is the corner. The case is not uncommon. For this reason, when a seismic reinforcement is applied to an existing outer wall using a 3 × 9 plate bearing wall, a bearing wall such as a structural wall cannot be directly applied to a wall surface with a 3 or 6 column spacing. There are many cases. In such a case, the existing exterior wall seismic retrofit structure according to the present invention, which is seismically reinforced using the three-side wall of the one side column and the other side column, is very useful.

本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造の代表的一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the earthquake-proof repair structure of the existing exterior wall which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造の施工順序を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction order of the earthquake-proof repair structure of the existing exterior wall which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造の施工順序を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction order of the earthquake-proof repair structure of the existing exterior wall which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造の施工順序を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction order of the earthquake-proof repair structure of the existing exterior wall which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造の施工順序を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction order of the earthquake-proof repair structure of the existing exterior wall which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造の施工順序を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the construction order of the earthquake-proof repair structure of the existing exterior wall which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造に使用する部材の代表的一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the member used for the earthquake-proof repair structure of the existing exterior wall which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造に使用する部材の代表的一例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows a typical example of the member used for the earthquake-proof repair structure of the existing exterior wall which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造のその他の実施例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the other Example of the earthquake-proof repair structure of the existing exterior wall which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造のその他の実施例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the other Example of the earthquake-proof repair structure of the existing exterior wall which concerns on this invention. 本発明に係る既存外装壁の耐震改修構造のその他の実施例を示す説明図である。It is explanatory drawing which shows the other Example of the earthquake-proof repair structure of the existing exterior wall which concerns on this invention.

符号の説明Explanation of symbols

α 既存躯体
β 空間
Ａ 既存外装壁
１ 主柱
１ａ 筋かい
２ 間柱
３ 内装材
４ 外装材
５ 補強材
６ 構造用面材
７ 胴縁
８ 新規外装材
９ 表面材
１０ 裏面材
１１ 芯材
１２ パッキング材
１３ 不陸調整板材
α Existing frame β Space A Existing exterior wall 1 Main pillar 1a Brace 2 Spacer 3 Interior material 4 Exterior material 5 Reinforcement material 6 Structural face material 7 Body edge 8 New exterior material 9 Surface material 10 Back material 11 Core material 12 Packing material 13 Uneven adjustment board

Claims (1)

既存木造住宅の外装材の一部を主柱と間柱の中心間の幅で剥がすと共に、主柱、間柱の中心より同一方向にずらし、かつ主柱の露出が主柱の幅の１／２より大きい幅の位置で剥がし、剥がした露出空間の間柱の側面に補強材を固定し、露出空間に構造用面材を固定し、外装材と構造用面材上に胴縁を介して新規外装材を固定したことを特徴とする既存外装壁の耐震改修構造。 A part of the exterior material of the existing wooden house is peeled off by the width between the center of the main column and the inter-column , and is shifted in the same direction from the center of the main column and the inter-column , and the exposure of the main column is more than 1/2 of the width of the main column Peel off at a large width position, fix the reinforcing material to the side of the exposed pillars of the exposed space, fix the structural face material to the exposed space, and install the new exterior material on the exterior material and the structural surface material via the trunk edge Seismic retrofit structure for existing exterior walls, characterized by fixing
JP2004049350A 2004-02-25 2004-02-25 Seismic retrofit structure for existing exterior walls Expired - Fee Related JP4295640B2 (en)

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