JP2008037272A

JP2008037272A - Race member for rolling bearing unit, rolling bearing unit, and method and device for manufacturing race member for rolling bearing unit

Info

Publication number: JP2008037272A
Application number: JP2006214744A
Authority: JP
Inventors: Kazuto Kobayashi; 一登小林; Yutaka Yasuda; 裕安田; Seiji Otsuka; 清司大塚; Masato Nagano; 正人永野
Original assignee: NSK Ltd
Current assignee: NSK Ltd
Priority date: 2006-08-07
Filing date: 2006-08-07
Publication date: 2008-02-21
Anticipated expiration: 2026-08-07
Also published as: CN101500823B; JP5103819B2; CN101500823A

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To achieve a structure and manufacturing method capable of obtaining a light race member for a rolling bearing unit and the rolling bearing unit at low cost. <P>SOLUTION: A hub body 13a has a mounting flange 15 on part of the outer peripheral face by applying side extruding to a third intermediate material 36 formed of a columnar material. When the side extruding is applied, after work hardening is performed by expanding part of the outer diameter of the third intermediate material 36, a metallic material is made enter into inside of a space 41 for flanging. The base part of the mounting flange 15 is constituted by the work hardened portion. Since necessary strength can be obtained even when the thickness of the mounting flange 15 is reduced, the inexpensive structure and manufacturing method can be achieved. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

この発明は、自動車の懸架装置に車輪を回転自在に支持する為の車輪支持用ハブユニットの如き転がり軸受ユニット用の軌道輪、その製造方法及び製造装置の改良に関する。具体的には、軽量な転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材を、低コストで得られる構造及び製造方法及び製造装置の実現を図るものである。 The present invention relates to a bearing ring for a rolling bearing unit such as a wheel supporting hub unit for rotatably supporting a wheel on a suspension device of an automobile, a manufacturing method thereof, and an improvement of a manufacturing apparatus. Specifically, it is intended to realize a structure, a manufacturing method, and a manufacturing apparatus that can obtain a lightweight rolling ring member for a rolling bearing unit at a low cost.

自動車の車輪を構成するホイール１、及び、制動用回転部材であって制動装置であるディスクブレーキを構成するロータ２は、例えば図６に示す様な構造により、懸架装置を構成するナックル３に回転自在に支持している。即ち、このナックル３に形成した円形の支持孔４部分に、車輪支持用ハブユニット５を構成する外輪６を、複数本のボルト７により固定している。一方、この車輪支持用ハブユニット５を構成するハブ８に上記ホイール１及びロータ２を、複数本のスタッド９とナット１０とにより結合固定している。又、上記外輪６の内周面には複列の外輪軌道１１ａ、１１ｂを、外周面には結合フランジ１２を、それぞれ形成している。この様な外輪６は、この結合フランジ１２を上記ナックル３に、上記各ボルト７で結合する事により、このナックル３に対し固定している。 A wheel 1 constituting an automobile wheel and a rotor 2 constituting a disc brake as a braking device, which is a braking rotating member, rotate to a knuckle 3 constituting a suspension device, for example, by a structure as shown in FIG. Supports freely. That is, the outer ring 6 constituting the wheel support hub unit 5 is fixed to the circular support hole 4 formed in the knuckle 3 by a plurality of bolts 7. On the other hand, the wheel 1 and the rotor 2 are coupled and fixed to a hub 8 constituting the wheel support hub unit 5 by a plurality of studs 9 and nuts 10. Further, double-row outer ring raceways 11a and 11b are formed on the inner peripheral surface of the outer ring 6, and a coupling flange 12 is formed on the outer peripheral surface. Such an outer ring 6 is fixed to the knuckle 3 by connecting the connecting flange 12 to the knuckle 3 with the bolts 7.

又、上記ハブ８は、ハブ本体１３と内輪１４とから成る。このうち、ハブ本体１３の外周面の一部で、上記外輪６の外端開口から突出した部分に、取付フランジ１５を形成している。尚、軸方向に関して「外」とは、自動車への組み付け状態で車両の幅方向外側となる、図６、７の左側を言う。反対に、自動車への組み付け状態で車両の幅方向中央側となる、図６、７の右側を、軸方向に関して「内」と言う。上記ホイール１及びロータ２は、上記取付フランジ１５の外側面に、上記各スタッド９とナット１０とにより結合固定している。 The hub 8 includes a hub body 13 and an inner ring 14. Among these, a mounting flange 15 is formed on a part of the outer peripheral surface of the hub body 13 and protruding from the outer end opening of the outer ring 6. Note that “outside” with respect to the axial direction refers to the left side of FIGS. On the other hand, the right side of FIGS. 6 and 7, which is the center side in the width direction of the vehicle in the assembled state in the automobile, is referred to as “inside” in the axial direction. The wheel 1 and the rotor 2 are coupled and fixed to the outer surface of the mounting flange 15 by the studs 9 and nuts 10.

又、上記ハブ本体１３の外周面の中間部に、上記複列の外輪軌道１１ａ、１１ｂのうちの外側の外輪軌道１１ａに対向する、内輪軌道１６ａを形成している。又、同じく内端部に形成した小径段部１７に、上記内輪１４を外嵌している。この内輪１４の外周面には、上記複列の外輪軌道１１ａ、１１ｂのうちの内側の外輪軌道１１ｂに対向する、内輪軌道１６ｂを形成している。この様な内輪１４は、上記ハブ本体１３の内端部を径方向外方に塑性変形させて形成したかしめ部１８により、このハブ本体１３に対し固定している。そして、上記各外輪軌道１１ａ、１１ｂと上記各内輪軌道１６ａ、１６ｂとの間に転動体１９、１９を、それぞれ複数個ずつ転動自在に設けている。尚、図示の例では、上記各転動体１９、１９として玉を使用しているが、重量の嵩む自動車用のハブユニットの場合には、円すいころを使用する場合もある。又、上記各転動体１９、１９を設置した円筒状の空間の両端開口部は、それぞれシールリング２０ａ、２０ｂにより密閉している。 Further, an inner ring raceway 16a is formed in the middle portion of the outer peripheral surface of the hub body 13 so as to face the outer ring raceway 11a on the outer side of the double row outer ring raceways 11a, 11b. Further, the inner ring 14 is externally fitted to a small diameter step portion 17 formed at the inner end portion. An inner ring raceway 16b is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the inner ring 14 so as to face the inner outer ring raceway 11b of the double row outer ring raceways 11a and 11b. Such an inner ring 14 is fixed to the hub body 13 by a caulking portion 18 formed by plastic deformation of the inner end portion of the hub body 13 radially outward. A plurality of rolling elements 19, 19 are provided between the outer ring raceways 11a, 11b and the inner ring raceways 16a, 16b, respectively, so as to be able to roll. In the illustrated example, balls are used as the rolling elements 19, 19. However, in the case of a heavy vehicle hub unit, tapered rollers may be used. Further, both end openings of the cylindrical space in which the rolling elements 19 and 19 are installed are sealed with seal rings 20a and 20b, respectively.

更に、図示の例は、駆動輪（ＦＦ車の前輪、ＦＲ車及びＲＲ車の後輪、４ＷＤ車の全車輪）用の車輪支持用ハブユニット５である為、上記ハブ８の中心部に、スプライン孔２１を形成している。そして、このスプライン孔２１に、等速ジョイント用外輪２２の外端面に固設したスプライン軸２３を挿入している。これと共に、このスプライン軸２３の先端部にナット２４を螺合し、更に緊締する事により、上記ハブ本体１３を、このナット２４と上記等速ジョイント用外輪２２との間に挟持している。 Furthermore, since the illustrated example is a wheel support hub unit 5 for driving wheels (front wheels of FF vehicles, rear wheels of FR and RR vehicles, all wheels of 4WD vehicles), A spline hole 21 is formed. A spline shaft 23 fixed to the outer end surface of the constant velocity joint outer ring 22 is inserted into the spline hole 21. At the same time, a nut 24 is screwed to the tip of the spline shaft 23 and further tightened, whereby the hub body 13 is sandwiched between the nut 24 and the constant velocity joint outer ring 22.

次に、図７は、従来から知られている車輪支持用ハブユニットの第２例として、従動輪（ＦＦ車の後輪、ＦＲ車及びＲＲ車の前輪）用のものを示している。この第２例の車輪支持用ハブユニット５ａは、従動輪用である為、ハブ８ａを構成するハブ本体１３ａの中心部にスプライン孔を設けていない。尚、図示の例では、内輪１４の内端面を、上記ハブ本体１３ａの内端部に設けたかしめ部１８により抑えているが、上記内輪１４の内端面は、上記ハブ本体１３ａの内端部に螺合したナットにより抑える事もできる。この場合には、上記ハブ本体１３ａの内端部に、上記ナットを螺合する為の雄ねじ部を設ける。その他の部分の構造及び作用は、上述した第１例の車輪支持用ハブユニット５の場合と同様である。 Next, FIG. 7 shows a second example of a conventionally known wheel support hub unit for a driven wheel (rear wheel of FF vehicle, front wheel of FR vehicle and RR vehicle). Since the wheel support hub unit 5a of the second example is for a driven wheel, a spline hole is not provided at the center of the hub body 13a constituting the hub 8a. In the illustrated example, the inner end surface of the inner ring 14 is suppressed by a caulking portion 18 provided at the inner end portion of the hub main body 13a. However, the inner end surface of the inner ring 14 is the inner end portion of the hub main body 13a. It can also be suppressed by a nut screwed into the nut. In this case, a male screw portion for screwing the nut is provided at the inner end portion of the hub body 13a. The structure and operation of the other parts are the same as in the case of the wheel support hub unit 5 of the first example described above.

ところで、上述した様な各車輪支持用ハブユニット５、５ａは、何れの構造の場合も、外輪６の外周面に結合フランジ１２を、ハブ本体１３、１３ａの外周面に取付フランジ１５を、それぞれ形成している。この様な、外周面に外向フランジである結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５を形成した、上記外輪６或いは上記ハブ本体１３、１３ａを造る為の方法としては、熱間鍛造或いは冷間鍛造等の塑性加工の他、切削加工等が考えられる。 By the way, each wheel supporting hub unit 5 and 5a as described above has a coupling flange 12 on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 6 and a mounting flange 15 on the outer peripheral surface of the hub main bodies 13 and 13a. Forming. As a method for manufacturing the outer ring 6 or the hub main bodies 13 and 13a in which the connecting flange 12 or the mounting flange 15 which is an outward flange is formed on the outer peripheral surface, plasticity such as hot forging or cold forging is used. In addition to processing, cutting and the like can be considered.

但し、加工能率を良好にすると共に材料の歩留を確保して、コスト低減を図る為には、塑性加工で行なう事が好ましい。又、塑性加工のうちで熱間鍛造は、被加工物を軟らかい状態で加工できる為、成形荷重を小さく抑えられる反面、加工終了後に金属材料が冷却された後の状態でも、構成各部の金属材料が硬化する程度は限られる（温度低下に伴う硬度上昇程度に留まる）為、必ずしも十分な強度を得られない場合がある。又、加工用金型の熱膨張量差を考慮する必要がある為、寸法精度及び形状精度を確保しにくい。一方、上記外輪６の外周面に形成した結合フランジ１２の基部、或いは、上記取付フランジ１５の外周面に形成した取付フランジ１５の基部は、使用時に加わるモーメントに拘らず有害な変形が生じない様にする為に、強度を確保する必要がある。上記外輪６或いは上記ハブ本体１３、１３ａを熱間鍛造により加工した場合、そのままでは、上記結合フランジ１２、或いは、上記取付フランジ１５の基部に必要とする強度を持たせる事は難しい。この為、別途これら基部の強度を向上させる為の処理が必要になり、上記外輪６或いは上記ハブ本体１３、１３ａの製造コストが嵩む。 However, in order to improve the processing efficiency and secure the yield of the material to reduce the cost, it is preferable to perform the plastic processing. Moreover, since hot forging can be processed in a soft state among the plastic working, the molding load can be kept small, but the metal material of each constituent part even in a state after the metal material is cooled after the processing is finished. Since the degree of curing is limited (only the degree of hardness increase accompanying a temperature decrease), sufficient strength may not always be obtained. In addition, since it is necessary to consider the difference in thermal expansion amount of the processing mold, it is difficult to ensure dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy. On the other hand, the base of the coupling flange 12 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 6 or the base of the mounting flange 15 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the mounting flange 15 does not cause harmful deformation regardless of the moment applied during use. Therefore, it is necessary to ensure strength. When the outer ring 6 or the hub main bodies 13 and 13a are processed by hot forging, it is difficult to give the necessary strength to the base of the coupling flange 12 or the mounting flange 15 as it is. For this reason, the process for improving the intensity | strength of these bases separately is needed, and the manufacturing cost of the said outer ring | wheel 6 or the said hub main bodies 13 and 13a increases.

これに対して、特許文献１に記載されている様に、冷間鍛造の一種である側方押し出し加工により、外周面に結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５を有する、外輪６或いはハブ本体１３、１３ａを造る事が考えられている。図８〜９は、この様な、特許文献１に記載された側方押し出し加工により転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材である外輪６或いはハブ本体１３ａを造る状態を示している。尚、図８は、図６〜７に示した駆動輪用の車輪支持用転がり軸受５、５ａを構成する外輪６を、図９は図７に示した従動輪用の車輪支持用転がり軸受５ａを構成するハブ本体１３ａを、それぞれ加工する状態を示している。 On the other hand, as described in Patent Document 1, the outer ring 6 or the hub main body 13 or 13a having the coupling flange 12 or the mounting flange 15 on the outer peripheral surface by side extrusion which is a kind of cold forging. It is considered to make. 8 to 9 show a state in which the outer ring 6 or the hub main body 13a, which is a bearing member for a rolling bearing unit, is manufactured by the side extrusion described in Patent Document 1. FIG. 8 shows the outer ring 6 constituting the wheel support rolling bearings 5 and 5a for driving wheels shown in FIGS. 6 to 7, and FIG. 9 shows the wheel support rolling bearing 5a for driven wheels shown in FIG. The hub main body 13a which comprises is each shown in the state processed.

何れの場合も、外周面を円筒面若しくは段付円筒面とした素材２５、２５ａを、上記結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５の外面形状に見合う内面形状を有する、上型２６、２６ａと下型２７、２７ａとから成る金型２８、２８ａ内にセットする。この状態では、上記素材２５、２５ａの外周面のうちで、上記結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５を形成すべき部分を除いた部分を抑える。一方、これら結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５を形成すべき部分の周囲には、これら各フランジ１２、１５に見合う空間２９、２９ａが存在する状態となる。この状態で、パンチ３０、３０ａにより上記素材２５、２５ａを軸方向に押圧すれば（軸方向寸法を縮めれば）、軸方向寸法の短縮に伴って行き場を失った金属材料が上記空間２９、２９ａ内に押し込まれて、上記外周面の一部に、上記結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５が形成される。 In any case, the upper molds 26, 26a and the lower mold 27 have the inner surfaces corresponding to the outer surface shape of the coupling flange 12 or the mounting flange 15 in the materials 25, 25a having the outer peripheral surface as a cylindrical surface or a stepped cylindrical surface. , 27a and the molds 28, 28a. In this state, of the outer peripheral surfaces of the materials 25 and 25a, the portion excluding the portion where the coupling flange 12 or the mounting flange 15 is to be formed is suppressed. On the other hand, there are spaces 29 and 29a corresponding to the flanges 12 and 15 around the portion where the coupling flange 12 or the mounting flange 15 is to be formed. In this state, if the raw materials 25 and 25a are pressed in the axial direction by the punches 30 and 30a (if the axial dimension is reduced), the metal material that has lost its place as the axial dimension is shortened is the space 29, The coupling flange 12 or the mounting flange 15 is formed on a part of the outer peripheral surface by being pushed into the inner surface 29a.

上述の様な側方押し出し加工により、上記結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５を備えた、上記外輪６或いはハブ本体１３ａを造れば、これら外輪６或いはハブ本体１３ａの外周面に形成した、結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５の基部の強度を高くできる。即ち、これら結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５は、基部を含めて加工硬化により硬くなるので、この基部の強度を向上させる為の後処理が不要になるか、必要である場合にも簡単で済み、上記外輪６或いはハブ本体１３ａの製造コストの低減を図れる。又、加工用金型の熱膨張量差を考慮する必要がない為、寸法精度及び形状精度を確保し易く、後加工を簡略化乃至は省略して、この面からも製造コストの低減を図れる。 If the outer ring 6 or the hub main body 13a provided with the connecting flange 12 or the mounting flange 15 is manufactured by side extrusion as described above, the connecting flange 12 formed on the outer peripheral surface of the outer ring 6 or the hub main body 13a. Alternatively, the strength of the base portion of the mounting flange 15 can be increased. That is, these coupling flanges 12 or mounting flanges 15 are hardened by work hardening including the base part, so that post-treatment for improving the strength of this base part is unnecessary or necessary, and can be simplified. The manufacturing cost of the outer ring 6 or the hub main body 13a can be reduced. In addition, since it is not necessary to consider the difference in thermal expansion between the processing molds, it is easy to ensure dimensional accuracy and shape accuracy, and post-processing can be simplified or omitted, and the manufacturing cost can be reduced from this aspect as well. .

但し、軽量化等を目的として、結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５の基部の強度をより一層向上させる為には、上述の様な特許文献１に記載された製造方法の場合も、改良の余地がある。即ち、自動車技術の分野で広く知られている様に、乗り心地、操縦安定性等を中心とする走行性能、或いは燃費性能の向上を図る為には、懸架装置を構成するばねよりも路面側に存在する部材の重量である、所謂ばね下荷重を軽減する事が効果がある。上記結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５を備えた上記外輪６或いはハブ本体１３ａは当然ばね下荷重であり、これら外輪６或いはハブ本体１３ａ（ハブ本体１３も同様）の重量を少しでも軽減する事は、上記各性能を向上させる面から非常に有利である。 However, in order to further improve the strength of the base portion of the coupling flange 12 or the mounting flange 15 for the purpose of weight reduction or the like, there is room for improvement even in the manufacturing method described in Patent Document 1 as described above. is there. That is, as is widely known in the field of automobile technology, in order to improve driving performance such as riding comfort, handling stability, etc., or fuel efficiency, the road surface side is more than the springs that make up the suspension system. It is effective to reduce the so-called unsprung load, which is the weight of the member existing in the. The outer ring 6 or the hub main body 13a provided with the coupling flange 12 or the mounting flange 15 is naturally an unsprung load, and it is possible to reduce the weight of the outer ring 6 or the hub main body 13a (same for the hub main body 13) as much as possible. This is very advantageous from the viewpoint of improving the above performances.

そして、上記外輪６或いはハブ本体１３、１３ａの重量を軽減すべく、上記結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５の薄肉化（軸方向寸法の短縮）を可能にする為には、これら結合フランジ１２或いは取付フランジ１５の強度、特に旋回走行時等に大きなモーメントが加わる基部の強度を向上させる事が有利になる。この面から、上記特許文献１に記載された製造方法は、未だ改良の余地がある。 In order to reduce the weight of the outer ring 6 or the hub main bodies 13 and 13a, the coupling flange 12 or the mounting flange 15 can be thinned (reduced axial dimension). It is advantageous to improve the strength of the flange 15, particularly the strength of the base to which a large moment is applied during turning. From this aspect, the manufacturing method described in Patent Document 1 still has room for improvement.

特開２００６−１１１０７０号公報JP 2006-111070 A

本発明は、上述の様な事情に鑑みて、軽量な転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材及び転がり軸受ユニットを、低コストで得られる、構造、製造方法及び製造装置を実現すべく発明したものである。 In view of the circumstances as described above, the present invention has been invented to realize a structure, a manufacturing method, and a manufacturing apparatus that can obtain a lightweight rolling bearing unit for a rolling bearing unit and a rolling bearing unit at a low cost. .

本発明の対象となる転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材は、炭素鋼等の金属製で、外周面に外向フランジを、この外周面の軸方向一端部でこの外向フランジの軸方向片面よりも突出した部分に位置決め用円筒面部を、何れかの周面に軌道面を、それぞれ備える。
特に、請求項１に記載した転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材では、上記位置決め用円筒面部及び上記外向フランジは、冷間プレスによる塑性加工によって形成されたものである。又、この位置決め用円筒面部は、軸方向一端側に存在する小径部と上記外向フランジ側に存在する大径部とを段部により連続させた、段付形状である。 The bearing ring member for a rolling bearing unit that is the subject of the present invention is made of metal such as carbon steel, and has an outward flange on the outer peripheral surface and protrudes from one axial direction of the outward flange at one axial end portion of the outer peripheral surface. A cylindrical surface portion for positioning is provided in the portion, and a raceway surface is provided on any peripheral surface.
In particular, in the bearing member for a rolling bearing unit according to claim 1, the cylindrical surface portion for positioning and the outward flange are formed by plastic working by cold pressing. The positioning cylindrical surface portion has a stepped shape in which a small-diameter portion existing on one end side in the axial direction and a large-diameter portion existing on the outward flange side are continued by a step portion.

又、請求項２に記載した転がり軸受ユニットは、内周面に複列の外輪軌道を有する外径側軌道輪部材と、外周面に複列の内輪軌道を有する内径側軌道輪部材と、これら両外輪軌道と両内輪軌道との間に、両列毎に複数個ずつ転動自在に設けられた転動体とを備える。そして、上記外径側軌道輪部材と上記内径側軌道輪部材とのうちの少なくとも一方の軌道輪部材を、上述の様な転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材としている。 Further, a rolling bearing unit according to claim 2 includes an outer diameter side race ring member having a double row outer ring raceway on an inner peripheral surface, an inner diameter side race ring member having a double row inner ring raceway on an outer peripheral surface, A plurality of rolling elements are provided between the outer ring raceways and the inner ring raceways so as to be capable of rolling plurally for each row. Then, at least one of the outer ring side bearing ring member and the inner diameter side bearing ring member is used as a rolling bearing unit bearing ring member as described above.

又、請求項３に記載した転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材の製造方法は、上述の様な転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材を造る際に、先ず、外周面を円筒面とした金属製の素材を金型内に収納（セット）する。この金型は、上記外向フランジを構成すべき部分に、径方向外方に向けて凹んだ、フランジ成形用空間を備えたものとする。この様な金型内に上記素材を収納したならば、次いで、上記素材を軸方向に押圧して、この素材を構成する金属材料の一部を上記フランジ成形用空間内に進入させる、側方押し出し加工を施す。そして、上記素材を塑性変形させて、外周面の一部に外向フランジを有する軌道輪部材とする。 According to a third aspect of the present invention, when manufacturing a bearing member for a rolling bearing unit as described above, first, a metal material having a cylindrical outer surface is used. Store (set) in the mold. This mold is provided with a flange forming space that is recessed outward in the radial direction at a portion that constitutes the outward flange. If the material is stored in such a mold, the material is then pressed in the axial direction so that a part of the metal material constituting the material enters the flange forming space. Extrude processing. And the said raw material is plastically deformed and it is set as the bearing ring member which has an outward flange in a part of outer peripheral surface.

特に、請求項３に記載した転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材の製造方法の場合には、上記金型として、請求項５に記載した製造装置を構成する金型の如く、大径円筒面部と、段部と、小径円筒面部とを備えたものを使用する。これら大径円筒面部と、段部と、小径円筒面部とは、軸方向に関して上記フランジ成形用空間に隣接する部分に、このフランジ成形用空間の側から軸方向に関して順番に設けられたものとする。又、このうちの大径円筒面部は、上記素材の外径よりも大きな内径を有する。又、上記小径円筒面部は、内径がこの大径側円筒面部よりも小さい。更に、上記段部は、これら両円筒面部同士を連続させる。好ましくは、この段部は、小径円筒面部から大径円筒面部に向かう程内径が漸次大きくなる方向に傾斜した、傾斜段部若しくは断面円弧状の段部とする。 In particular, in the case of the method of manufacturing a bearing member for a rolling bearing unit according to claim 3, as the mold, a large-diameter cylindrical surface portion like a mold constituting the manufacturing apparatus according to claim 5, The thing provided with the step part and the small diameter cylindrical surface part is used. The large-diameter cylindrical surface portion, the stepped portion, and the small-diameter cylindrical surface portion are provided in order in the axial direction from the flange forming space side in a portion adjacent to the flange forming space with respect to the axial direction. . Of these, the large-diameter cylindrical surface portion has an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the material. The small diameter cylindrical surface portion has an inner diameter smaller than that of the large diameter cylindrical surface portion. Furthermore, the said step part makes these both cylindrical surface parts continue. Preferably, the stepped portion is an inclined stepped portion or a stepped portion having an arcuate cross section that is inclined in a direction in which the inner diameter gradually increases from the small diameter cylindrical surface portion toward the large diameter cylindrical surface portion.

請求項３に記載した転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材の製造方法の場合には、上記素材のうちで上記位置決め用円筒面部となるべき部分の少なくとも一部を、先ず、上記小径円筒面部の内側にセットする。次いで、この状態から上記素材を、上記位置決め用円筒面部となるべき部分の側から上記フランジ成形用空間の側に向けて、軸方向に押圧する。そして、上記素材の一部を、軸方向に圧縮しながら上記小径円筒面部の内側から上記大径円筒面部の内側を経て、上記フランジ成形用空間に向けて移動させる。この過程で上記素材の一部は、上記大径円筒面部で外径を広げる事で、少なくとも表層部分が加工硬化する。次いで、この加工硬化した部分が、順次、上記フランジ成形用空間内に入り込む。この為、このフランジ成形用空間内に入り込んで外向フランジを構成する金属材料は、上記小径円筒面部から上記大径円筒面部に移る際と、上記フランジ成形用空間内に入り込む際との２回、塑性変形する事で加工硬化する。そして、上記外向フランジの基部となるべき部分には、この２回分の加工硬化をした部分が存在する状態となる。言い換えれば、少なくとも上記基部となるべき部分を、上記２回分加工硬化した部分で構成する。 In the case of the method for manufacturing a ring member for a rolling bearing unit according to claim 3, at least a part of the material to be the positioning cylindrical surface portion is first placed inside the small-diameter cylindrical surface portion. set. Next, in this state, the material is pressed in the axial direction from the side of the portion to be the positioning cylindrical surface portion toward the flange forming space. Then, a part of the material is moved from the inside of the small diameter cylindrical surface portion to the flange forming space through the inside of the large diameter cylindrical surface portion while being compressed in the axial direction. In this process, at least the surface layer part is work-hardened by expanding the outer diameter of the part of the material at the large-diameter cylindrical surface part. Next, the work-hardened portion sequentially enters the flange forming space. For this reason, the metal material that enters the flange forming space and constitutes the outward flange is moved twice from the small diameter cylindrical surface portion to the large diameter cylindrical surface portion and into the flange forming space, Work hardening by plastic deformation. And in the part which should become the base of the said outward flange, it will be in the state in which the part which carried out the work hardening of these 2 times exists. In other words, at least the portion to be the base is constituted by the portion that has been work-hardened twice.

上述の様な請求項３に記載した転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材の製造方法を実施する場合に好ましくは、請求項４に記載した様に、前記金型の内面のうちで、上記小径側円筒面部の内径を、上記素材のうちで位置決め用円筒面部となるべき部分の外径よりも小さく、同じく大径側円筒面部の内径を、この位置決め用円筒面部となるべき部分の外径よりも大きく、それぞれ形成する。そして、この位置決め用円筒面部となるべき部分の少なくとも一部を上記小径側円筒面部に圧入する事で、上記素材を上記金型内に収納する。 Preferably, when carrying out the manufacturing method of the bearing member for a rolling bearing unit according to claim 3 as described above, the small-diameter side cylinder among the inner surfaces of the mold as described in claim 4 The inner diameter of the surface portion is smaller than the outer diameter of the portion that should be the positioning cylindrical surface portion of the material, and the inner diameter of the larger-diameter side cylindrical surface portion is also larger than the outer diameter of the portion that should be the positioning cylindrical surface portion. , Form each. And the said raw material is accommodated in the said metal mold | die by press-fitting at least one part of this part which should become the positioning cylindrical surface part in the said small diameter side cylindrical surface part.

上述の様に構成する本発明の転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材、転がり軸受ユニット、転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材の製造方法及び製造装置によれば、軽量な転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材及び転がり軸受ユニットを、低コストで得られる。
即ち、転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材の外周面に外向フランジを、冷間での塑性加工である、側方押し出し加工により造る為、加工能率を良好にし、材料の歩留を確保して、コスト低減を図れる。又、上記外向フランジの硬度は、冷間での塑性加工に伴う加工硬化により、素材の硬度よりも向上するので、この外向フランジの強度を確保し易い。
しかも、本発明の場合には、この外向フランジの少なくとも基部の表層部分に、上記素材の外径を変化させる事により形成した加工硬化層を存在させる為、上記外向フランジの基部の強度を、より一層向上させる事ができる。
これらにより、上記外向フランジの強度を十分に高くして、この外向フランジの薄肉化による、転がり軸受ユニット用軌道輪部材の軽量化、延ては転がり軸受ユニットの軽量化を図り易くなる。 According to the rolling ring unit bearing ring member, rolling bearing unit, rolling ring unit bearing ring member manufacturing method and manufacturing apparatus of the present invention configured as described above, a lightweight rolling bearing unit bearing ring member and rolling bearing are provided. Units can be obtained at low cost.
In other words, since the outward flange is formed on the outer peripheral surface of the bearing ring member for the rolling bearing unit by side extrusion processing, which is plastic processing in the cold, the processing efficiency is improved, the yield of the material is secured, and the cost is increased. Reduction can be achieved. Further, the hardness of the outward flange is improved from the hardness of the material by work hardening accompanying cold plastic working, so that it is easy to ensure the strength of the outward flange.
Moreover, in the case of the present invention, since the work hardened layer formed by changing the outer diameter of the material is present at least on the surface layer portion of the base of the outward flange, the strength of the base of the outward flange is further increased. It can be further improved.
As a result, the strength of the outward flange is sufficiently increased, and by reducing the thickness of the outward flange, it is easy to reduce the weight of the bearing member for the rolling bearing unit, and hence to reduce the weight of the rolling bearing unit.

［実施の形態の第１例］
図１〜４は、請求項１、３、５に対応する、本発明の実施の形態の第１例を示している。本例は、前述の図７に示した様な従動輪用の車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットを構成するハブ本体（軌道輪部材）１３ａを、本発明の製造方法により製造する事を意図したものである。尚、図３は側方押し出し加工の実施状況を示しているが、この図３中、右半部は加工開始直前の状態を、左半部は加工終了直後の状態を、それぞれ示している。 [First example of embodiment]
1-4 show a first example of an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1, 3 and 5. This example is intended to manufacture the hub body (ring ring member) 13a constituting the wheel bearing rolling bearing unit for the driven wheel as shown in FIG. 7 by the manufacturing method of the present invention. is there. FIG. 3 shows the state of execution of the side extrusion processing. In FIG. 3, the right half portion shows a state immediately before the start of processing, and the left half portion shows a state immediately after the end of processing.

本例の製造方法により上記ハブ本体１３ａを造るには、先ず、図１の（Ａ）に示した円柱状の素材５０に、第一段の前方押し出し加工を施して、同図の（Ｂ）に示す様な、段付の第一中間素材３１を得る。尚、冷間での塑性加工の一種である、上記前方押し出し加工は、この第一中間素材３１の外周面形状に合致する内周面形状を有する受型内に上記素材５０を、押型で押し込む事により行なう。この様な前方押し出し加工は、金属加工の分野で周知の一般的な方法でも行なえる。尚、上記第一中間素材３１の小径部３２の外径と大径部３３の外径との比率が大きかったり、これら両部３２、３３同士の間の傾斜部３４の傾斜角度が急である等の場合には、この素材５０と共に軸方向に移動するフローティングダイを使用する。即ち、このフローティングダイにより上記素材５０の外周面を（外径が拡がらない様に）抑えつつ、上記押型によりこの素材５０を、上記受型に押し込む。尚、上記フローティングダイを使用した前方押し出し加工に就いては、特願２００５−３５４４６９に詳しく開示されており、又、本発明の要旨とも関係しない為、図示並びに詳しい説明は省略する。 In order to manufacture the hub main body 13a by the manufacturing method of this example, first, the columnar material 50 shown in FIG. 1 (A) is subjected to the first-stage forward extrusion processing, and FIG. A stepped first intermediate material 31 is obtained as shown in FIG. The forward extrusion process, which is a kind of cold plastic working, pushes the material 50 into the receiving mold having an inner peripheral surface shape that matches the outer peripheral surface shape of the first intermediate material 31 with a pressing die. By doing things. Such forward extrusion processing can be performed by a general method well known in the field of metal processing. In addition, the ratio of the outer diameter of the small diameter part 32 and the outer diameter of the large diameter part 33 of the said 1st intermediate material 31 is large, or the inclination angle of the inclination part 34 between these both parts 32 and 33 is steep. In such a case, a floating die that moves in the axial direction together with the material 50 is used. That is, the material 50 is pushed into the receiving die by the pressing die while the outer peripheral surface of the material 50 is suppressed by the floating die (so that the outer diameter does not expand). The forward extrusion process using the floating die is disclosed in detail in Japanese Patent Application No. 2005-354469, and is not related to the gist of the present invention.

上記第一中間素材３１には、第二段の前方押し出し加工を施して、図１の（Ｃ）に示す様な第二中間素材３５とする。この第二段の前方押し出し加工に就いても、基本的には、上述した第一段の前方押し出し加工と同様にして行なう。上記第二中間素材３５の外周面形状に合わせて受型の内周面形状を異ならせる事は勿論である。又、必要に応じてフローティングダイを使用する。
次いで、上記第二中間素材３５に、軸方向外側のアンギュラ型の内輪軌道１６ａ（図７参照）を設ける為の段差部等を形成する段付加工及び据え込み加工を施して、同図の（Ｄ）に示す様な第三中間素材３６とする。この第三中間素材３６が、前述の図９の右半部に記載した素材２５ａに相当する。上記第二中間素材３５からこの第三中間素材３６を得る為の、上記段付加工及び据え込み加工は、この第二中間素材３５の外周面をダイにより抑えつつ、この第二中間素材３５を、受型と押型との間で軸方向に押圧する事により行なう。この様な段付加工及び据え込み加工に就いても、金属加工の技術者にとって容易に行なえるし、本発明の要旨とも直接は関係しない為、図示並びに詳しい説明は省略する。 The first intermediate material 31 is subjected to a second-stage forward extrusion process to form a second intermediate material 35 as shown in FIG. The second-stage forward extrusion process is basically performed in the same manner as the first-stage forward extrusion process described above. It goes without saying that the shape of the inner peripheral surface of the receiving mold is varied in accordance with the outer peripheral surface shape of the second intermediate material 35. A floating die is used as necessary.
Next, the second intermediate material 35 is subjected to stepping and upsetting to form a stepped portion or the like for providing an axially-shaped angular inner ring raceway 16a (see FIG. 7). A third intermediate material 36 as shown in FIG. The third intermediate material 36 corresponds to the material 25a described in the right half part of FIG. In the stepping and upsetting processes for obtaining the third intermediate material 36 from the second intermediate material 35, the outer surface of the second intermediate material 35 is suppressed by a die while the second intermediate material 35 is It is performed by pressing in the axial direction between the receiving die and the pressing die. Such stepping and upsetting can be easily performed by a metalworking engineer and is not directly related to the gist of the present invention, so illustration and detailed description are omitted.

上記第三中間素材３６を得たならば、この第三中間素材３６を、特許請求の範囲並びに前述の［課題を解決するための手段］部分に記載した「素材」として利用する。そして、上記第三中間素材３６（素材）に側方押し出し加工及び前記内輪軌道１６ａを形成する加工を施し、同図の（Ｅ）に示す様なハブ本体１３ａとする。上記側方押し出し加工は、基本的には、前述の特許文献１に記載された方法により行なう。即ち、図３の「右半部」→「左半部」に示す様に、上記第三中間素材３６を上型２６ｂ及び下型２７ａの内側に保持した状態で、押型３７により軸方向に押圧し、金属材料を径方向外方に逃がして（フローさせて）、取付フランジ１５を形成する。但し、上型２６ｂの内周面形状の一部を工夫する（特許文献１に記載された発明の場合と異ならせる）事により、上記ハブ本体１３ａのうちで取付フランジ１５の基端部の表層部分が、加工硬化により十分に硬くなる様にしている。以下、先ず、加工装置の構造に就いて説明する。 If the said 3rd intermediate material 36 is obtained, this 3rd intermediate material 36 will be utilized as a "material" described in the claims and the above-mentioned [Means for Solving the Problems]. Then, the third intermediate material 36 (material) is subjected to a side extrusion process and a process for forming the inner ring raceway 16a to obtain a hub body 13a as shown in FIG. The side extrusion process is basically performed by the method described in Patent Document 1 described above. That is, as shown in “right half” → “left half” in FIG. 3, the third intermediate material 36 is pressed in the axial direction by the pressing die 37 while being held inside the upper die 26b and the lower die 27a. Then, the metal material is released (flowed) radially outward to form the mounting flange 15. However, the surface layer of the base end portion of the mounting flange 15 in the hub main body 13a can be obtained by devising a part of the inner peripheral surface shape of the upper die 26b (different from the case of the invention described in Patent Document 1). The part is made hard enough by work hardening. Hereinafter, the structure of the processing apparatus will be described first.

上記上型２６ｂは、プレス加工機のラムに固定される上板３８の下方に、ゴム、金属ばね、油圧シリンダ、エアシリンダ等の弾性構造体３９を介して支持されており、上記押型３７はこの上板３８の下面に固定されている。又、上記下型２７ａは、上記プレス加工機の基台の上面に固定される下板４０の上方に固定されている。そして、上記上型２６ｂの下面と上記下型２７ａの上面とを突き合わせた状態で、これら両面同士の間に、上記取付フランジ１５の外面形状に見合う内面形状を有する、フランジ成形用空間４１が形成される様にしている。即ち、上記下型２７ａの上面に、上記取付フランジ１５の軸方向内半部に対応する形状を有する下側凹部４２を、上記上型２６ｂの下面に、この取付フランジ１５の軸方向外半部に対応する形状を有する上側凹部４３を、それぞれ形成している。そして、上記下型２７ａの上面外径寄り部分と上記上型２６ｂの下面外径寄り部分とを、上記両凹部４２、４３の位相を一致させて突き合わせた状態で、上記フランジ成形用空間４１を画成する様にしている。 The upper die 26b is supported below an upper plate 38 fixed to a ram of a press machine through an elastic structure 39 such as rubber, metal spring, hydraulic cylinder, air cylinder, etc. The upper plate 38 is fixed to the lower surface. The lower mold 27a is fixed above a lower plate 40 fixed to the upper surface of the base of the press machine. Then, in a state where the lower surface of the upper mold 26b and the upper surface of the lower mold 27a are abutted with each other, a flange forming space 41 having an inner surface shape corresponding to the outer surface shape of the mounting flange 15 is formed between both surfaces. I am doing it. That is, the lower concave portion 42 having a shape corresponding to the inner half in the axial direction of the mounting flange 15 is formed on the upper surface of the lower mold 27a, and the outer half in the axial direction of the mounting flange 15 is formed on the lower surface of the upper mold 26b. Upper recesses 43 having a shape corresponding to are formed respectively. Then, the flange forming space 41 is formed in a state in which the portion near the upper surface outer diameter of the lower die 27a and the portion near the lower surface outer diameter of the upper die 26b are abutted with each other with the phases of the concave portions 42 and 43 matched. I try to define it.

特に、本例に使用する製造装置の場合には、上記上型２６ｂの内周面で、上記上側凹部４３の上方位置部分に、大径円筒面部４４と、段部４５と、小径円筒面部４６とを形成している。即ち、上記上側凹部４３の直上位置に上記大径円筒面部４４を、この大径円筒面部４４の直上位置に上記段部４５を、この段部４５の直上位置に上記小径円筒面部４６を、それぞれ設けている。又、上記大径円筒面部４４の内径Ｒ₄₄は、素材となる前記第三中間素材３６のうちで、最も外径が大きくなった上半部の外径Ｄ₃₆よりも大きい（Ｒ₄₄＞Ｄ₃₆）。又、上記小径円筒面部４６の内径Ｒ₄₆は、この上半部の外径Ｄ₃₆と同じか、僅かに大きい（Ｒ₄₆≧Ｄ₃₆）。更に、上記段部４５は、上記両円筒面部４４、４６同士を滑らかに連続させる為、このうちの小径円筒面部４６から大径円筒面部４４に向かう程内径が漸次大きくなる方向に傾斜した、傾斜段部若しくは断面形状が複合円弧状としている。この様に、上記段部４５の形状を滑らかにする理由は、この段部４５に対応して、後述する位置決め筒部４８の外周面に形成される段部の形状を滑らかにする為である。 In particular, in the case of the manufacturing apparatus used in this example, a large-diameter cylindrical surface portion 44, a step portion 45, and a small-diameter cylindrical surface portion 46 are disposed on the inner peripheral surface of the upper mold 26b and above the upper concave portion 43. And form. That is, the large-diameter cylindrical surface portion 44 is directly above the upper concave portion 43, the step 45 is directly above the large-diameter cylindrical surface 44, and the small-diameter cylindrical surface portion 46 is directly above the step 45. Provided. Further, the inner diameter R ₄₄ of the large-diameter cylindrical surface portion 44 is larger than the outer diameter D ₃₆ of the upper half portion having the largest outer diameter among the third intermediate materials 36 as materials (R ₄₄ > D). ₃₆ ). Further, the inner diameter R ₄₆ of the small-diameter cylindrical surface portion 46 is the same as or slightly larger than the outer diameter D ₃₆ of the upper half portion (R ₄₆ ≧ D ₃₆ ). Further, the step portion 45 is inclined so that both the cylindrical surface portions 44, 46 are smoothly continuous with each other, so that the inner diameter gradually increases from the small diameter cylindrical surface portion 46 toward the large diameter cylindrical surface portion 44. The stepped portion or the cross-sectional shape is a composite arc shape. Thus, the reason for smoothing the shape of the stepped portion 45 is to make the shape of the stepped portion formed on the outer peripheral surface of the positioning cylinder portion 48 described later corresponding to the stepped portion 45 smooth. .

上記第三中間素材３６を塑性変形させて上記取付フランジ１５を形成し、図１の（Ｅ）に示したハブ本体１３ａ（又は、このハブ本体１３ａに近い形状を有する第四中間素材）とする作業は、次の様にして行なう。先ず、上記ラムと共に上記上型２６ｂ及び上記押型３７を上昇させた状態で、上記第三中間素材３６の先半部（下半部）を上記下型２７ａの中心孔に挿入する事により、この下型２７ａにセットする。次いで、上記ラムと共に上記上型２６ｂ及び上記押型３７を下降させて、図３の右半部に示す様に、上記第三中間素材３６を、上型２６ｂ及び下型２７ａの内側に保持する。この状態から、上記ラムと共に上記押型３７を更に下降させて、上記第三中間素材３６の基端面に凹部４７を加工しつつ、この第三中間素材３６を構成する金属材料を上記フランジ成形用空間４１内に流動させて、上記取付フランジ１５を形成する。又、上記凹部４７の周囲部分は、使用時にディスクブレーキ用のディスク及び車輪用のホイールの中心孔を外嵌する為の位置決め用筒部４８とする。 The third intermediate material 36 is plastically deformed to form the mounting flange 15, and the hub main body 13a (or the fourth intermediate material having a shape close to the hub main body 13a) shown in FIG. Work is done as follows. First, in a state where the upper die 26b and the pressing die 37 are raised together with the ram, the front half (lower half) of the third intermediate material 36 is inserted into the center hole of the lower die 27a. Set to lower mold 27a. Next, the upper die 26b and the pressing die 37 are lowered together with the ram, and the third intermediate material 36 is held inside the upper die 26b and the lower die 27a as shown in the right half of FIG. From this state, the pressing die 37 is further lowered together with the ram to process the recess 47 on the base end surface of the third intermediate material 36, and the metal material constituting the third intermediate material 36 is transferred to the flange forming space. The mounting flange 15 is formed by flowing into 41. The peripheral portion of the concave portion 47 is a positioning cylinder portion 48 for externally fitting a disc brake disc and a wheel center hole in use.

この様に、上記第三中間素材３６を塑性変形させつつ上記ハブ本体１３ａ（又は上記第四中間素材）に加工する過程で、この第三中間素材３６を構成する金属材料の一部は、前記小径円筒面部４６から前記大径円筒面部４４に向けて移動する。そして、この移動の過程で、前記段部４５を通過する事により外径が拡がり、少なくとも表面層部分が加工硬化する。次いで、この加工硬化した部分が、順次、上記フランジ成形用空間４１内に入り込む。上記金属材料の一部は、この様にフランジ成形用空間４１内に入り込む際にも加工硬化する。この為、このフランジ成形用空間４１内に入り込んで上記取付フランジ１５を構成する金属材料は、上記小径円筒面部４６から上記大径円筒面部４４に移る際と、上記フランジ成形用空間４１内に入り込む際との２回、塑性変形する事で加工硬化する。そして、上記取付フランジ１５の基部となるべき部分、即ち、この取付フランジ１５の軸方向外側面のうちの径方向内半部と、上記位置決め筒部４８の外周面と、これら両面同士を連続させる折れ曲がり部とには、この２回分の加工硬化をした部分｛図１（Ｅ）、及び図２の斜格子部分｝が存在する状態となる。言い換えれば、少なくとも上記基部となるべき部分の表層部分が、上記２回分加工硬化した部分で構成される。 In this way, in the process of processing the third intermediate material 36 into the hub body 13a (or the fourth intermediate material) while plastically deforming, a part of the metal material constituting the third intermediate material 36 is It moves from the small diameter cylindrical surface portion 46 toward the large diameter cylindrical surface portion 44. And in the process of this movement, an outer diameter spreads by passing the said step part 45, and at least a surface layer part is work-hardened. Next, the work-hardened portion sequentially enters the flange forming space 41. A part of the metal material is work-hardened when entering the flange forming space 41 in this way. Therefore, the metal material that enters the flange forming space 41 and constitutes the mounting flange 15 enters the flange forming space 41 when moving from the small diameter cylindrical surface portion 46 to the large diameter cylindrical surface portion 44. It is work hardened by plastic deformation twice. And the part which should become the base of the mounting flange 15, that is, the radially inner half of the axially outer surface of the mounting flange 15, the outer peripheral surface of the positioning cylinder 48, and the both surfaces are made continuous. The bent portion is in a state where there are portions that have undergone work hardening for two times (FIG. 1E and the oblique lattice portion in FIG. 2). In other words, at least the surface layer portion to be the base portion is constituted by the portion that has been work-hardened twice.

従って、上記位置決め用筒部４８及び上記取付フランジ１５の厚さ寸法を小さく抑えても必要とする強度を確保できて、前述の様な効果を得られる。即ち、側方押し出し加工により上記取付フランジ１５を容易に加工できると言った作用・効果を担保しつつ、高強度な（必要とする強度を確保しつつ軽量な）ハブ本体１３ａを造れる。尚、上述の様にして側方押し出し加工を行なう場合、この加工の途中で、上記第三中間素材３６の一部に、金属材料の一部が前記段部４５を通過する事に基づく加工硬化層を生じさせる分、加工荷重は（加工硬化した部分を上記フランジ成形用空間４１内に押し込む分）上昇する。但し、この加工硬化層が存在するのは一部であり、しかも、この加工硬化層の厚さは限られている為、加工荷重の上昇は、僅かに抑える事ができる。即ち、図１の（Ｄ）に示した上記第三中間素材３６を塑性変形させて、同じく（Ｅ）に示した前記ハブ本体１３ａとする際に、上記加工硬化層を曲げ加工しつつ径方向外方に流動させる必要があるが、この曲げ加工及び流動に必要となる、加工荷重の上昇分は僅かで済む。この為、前記上型２６ｂ、下型２７ａ、押型３７等の各金型に与える負荷の上昇も僅かに抑える事ができ、金型寿命の低下を小さくできる。 Therefore, the required strength can be secured even if the thickness dimensions of the positioning cylinder portion 48 and the mounting flange 15 are kept small, and the above-described effects can be obtained. That is, the hub main body 13a having high strength (lightweight while ensuring the required strength) can be produced while ensuring the action and effect that the mounting flange 15 can be easily processed by side extrusion. In the case where the side extrusion is performed as described above, the work hardening based on the fact that a part of the metal material passes through the step 45 in a part of the third intermediate material 36 during the process. As the layer is generated, the processing load increases (the amount by which the work-hardened portion is pushed into the flange forming space 41). However, the work-hardened layer is partially present, and since the thickness of the work-hardened layer is limited, an increase in work load can be suppressed slightly. That is, when the third intermediate material 36 shown in FIG. 1D is plastically deformed to form the hub main body 13a shown in FIG. 1E, the work hardened layer is bent while being radially processed. Although it is necessary to flow outward, the increase in the processing load required for this bending and flow is small. For this reason, it is possible to slightly suppress an increase in load applied to each mold such as the upper mold 26b, the lower mold 27a, and the pressing mold 37, and to reduce a decrease in mold life.

上述の様にして得られるハブ本体１３ａ（又は、このハブ本体１３ａに近い形状を有する第四中間素材）は、図３に示した側方押し出し加工装置から取り出して次の工程に送り、（必要に応じ、研磨、熱処理等の仕上加工を施してから）他の部材と組み合わせて、前述の図７に示した様な車輪支持用ハブユニット５ａとする（請求項２に記載した転がり軸受ユニットとする）。尚、上記ハブ本体１３ａを上記側方押し出し加工装置から取り出す作業は、上記ラムと共に上記上型２６ｂ及び上記押型３７を上昇させてから、上記下型２７ａの中心部に設けたノックアウトピン４９を上昇させて、上記ハブ本体１３ａをこの下型２７ａの中心孔から押し出す事により行なう。 The hub main body 13a obtained as described above (or the fourth intermediate material having a shape close to the hub main body 13a) is taken out from the side extrusion processing apparatus shown in FIG. Accordingly, after the finishing process such as polishing and heat treatment is performed, the wheel support hub unit 5a as shown in FIG. 7 described above is combined with other members (the rolling bearing unit according to claim 2). To do). The operation of taking out the hub body 13a from the side extrusion processing apparatus involves raising the upper die 26b and the pushing die 37 together with the ram, and then raising the knockout pin 49 provided at the center of the lower die 27a. The hub body 13a is pushed out from the center hole of the lower mold 27a.

［実施の形態の第２例］
図５は、請求項１、３、４に対応する、本発明の実施の形態の第２例を示している。この図５は、前述した図１と同様に、円柱状の素材５０を塑性変形させてハブ本体１３ａ（又は、このハブ本体１３ａに近い形状を有する第四中間素材）とする製造方法を、加工工程順に示している。図面に表れる形状、構造は、基本的には上記図１と同じである。但し、本例の場合には、図５の（Ｄ）に示した第三中間素材３６ａのうちで、最も外径が大きくなった、位置決め用筒部４８に加工すべき上半部の外径Ｄ_36a を、上述した実施の形態の第１例の場合の外径Ｄ₃₆よりも大きく（Ｄ_36a ＞Ｄ₃₆）している。具体的には、上記上半部の外径Ｄ_36a を、製造装置を構成する上型２６ｂの内面のうちで小径側円筒面部４６の内径Ｒ₄₆よりも大きく、同じく大径側円筒面部４４の内径Ｒ₄₄（図３〜４参照）よりも小さく（Ｒ₄₄＞Ｄ_36a ＞Ｒ₄₆）している。 [Second Example of Embodiment]
FIG. 5 shows a second example of an embodiment of the present invention corresponding to claims 1, 3 and 4. This FIG. 5 shows a manufacturing method similar to FIG. 1 described above, in which a cylindrical material 50 is plastically deformed to form a hub body 13a (or a fourth intermediate material having a shape close to the hub body 13a). It shows in order of process. The shape and structure appearing in the drawing are basically the same as in FIG. However, in the case of this example, among the third intermediate materials 36a shown in FIG. 5D, the outer diameter of the upper half portion to be processed into the positioning cylinder portion 48 having the largest outer diameter. D _36a is larger than the outer diameter D ₃₆ in the first example of the embodiment described above (D _36a > D ₃₆ ). Specifically, the outer diameter D _36a of the upper half portion is larger than the inner diameter R ₄₆ of the small-diameter side cylindrical surface portion 46 in the inner surface of the upper mold 26b constituting the manufacturing apparatus, and the large-diameter side cylindrical surface portion 44 of the same. It is smaller than the inner diameter R ₄₄ (see FIGS. 3 to 4) (R ₄₄ > D _36a > R ₄₆ ).

上述の様な第三中間素材３６ａを上記ハブ本体１３ａ（又は第四中間素材）に加工する為の側方押し出し加工を行なう際には、上記第三中間素材３６ａの上端部を、上記上型２６ｂの上記小径側円筒面部４６（図３〜４参照）に圧入する。この圧入作業は、この第三中間素材３６ａの下半部を下型２７ａ（図３参照）に挿入後、上記上型２６ｂを下降させる事で行なう。従って本例の場合には、図３の右半部に示した状態で、既に上記第三中間素材３６ａの上端部が上記上型２６ｂの上記小径側円筒面部４６で扱かれ、この上端部の表層部分に加工硬化層が形成される。 When performing the side extrusion for processing the third intermediate material 36a as described above into the hub body 13a (or the fourth intermediate material), the upper end portion of the third intermediate material 36a is set to the upper mold. It is press-fitted into the small diameter side cylindrical surface portion 46 (see FIGS. 3 to 4) of 26b. This press-fitting operation is performed by lowering the upper die 26b after inserting the lower half portion of the third intermediate material 36a into the lower die 27a (see FIG. 3). Therefore, in the case of this example, the upper end portion of the third intermediate material 36a is already handled by the small diameter side cylindrical surface portion 46 of the upper die 26b in the state shown in the right half portion of FIG. A work hardened layer is formed on the surface layer portion.

本例の場合には、この状態から、更に前述した実施の形態の第１例の場合と同様の加工を行なう為、上記ハブ本体１３ａの外周面に設けた取付フランジ１５の基部となるべき部分には、合計３回分加工硬化した部分｛図５（Ｅ）の斜格子部分｝が存在する状態となる。この為、この部分の硬度をより一層向上させて、より一層の薄肉化、軽量化が可能になる。その他の部分の構成及び作用は、前述した実施の形態の第１例の場合と同様であるから、重複する図示並びに説明は省略する。 In the case of the present example, in order to perform the same processing as in the case of the first example of the embodiment described above from this state, a portion to be the base of the mounting flange 15 provided on the outer peripheral surface of the hub body 13a. In this state, there are portions {the oblique lattice portion in FIG. 5E} that have been work-hardened three times in total. For this reason, it is possible to further improve the hardness of this portion and to further reduce the thickness and weight. Since the configuration and operation of the other parts are the same as in the case of the first example of the embodiment described above, overlapping illustrations and descriptions are omitted.

［本発明を実施する場合の留意事項］
本発明を実施する場合に使用する円柱状若しくは円筒状の素材の容積は、完成後の軌道輪部材の容積以上としなければならない。但し、この素材の容積をこの軌道輪部材の容積よりも大きくする場合でも、大きくする程度は、できるだけ小さく（好ましくはゼロ、即ち、軌道輪部材の容積と同じに）する事が、材料の歩留を向上させると共に、後加工を容易に（取り代を少なく抑えて加工時間を短く）する面からは好ましい。 [Points to note when implementing the present invention]
The volume of the columnar or cylindrical material used in carrying out the present invention must be equal to or greater than the volume of the raceway member after completion. However, even when the volume of the material is made larger than the volume of the bearing ring member, the degree of increase is preferably as small as possible (preferably zero, that is, the same as the volume of the bearing ring member). It is preferable from the viewpoint of improving the yield and facilitating post-processing (reducing the machining allowance and shortening the processing time).

又、上記素材の表面の性状は、そのまま完成後の軌道輪部材の表面の性状として表れるので、この素材の表面には、酸化被膜や錆、傷等の欠陥があってはならない。一方、冷間での塑性加工（冷間鍛造）を容易にする為に、塑性加工前の素材は焼鈍する必要があり、この焼鈍により、表面に酸化被膜が形成される事が避けられない。これらの事を考慮すれば、上記円柱状の素材を得る為の長尺材（バー材）を焼鈍してから、この長尺材の外周面に生じた酸化被膜を、磨き加工、バレル加工、ショット・ピーニング等により除去し、次いで、この長尺材を所定寸法に切断する事が、表面に酸化被膜を持たない良質の素材を得る面からは好ましい。 Further, since the surface properties of the material appear as they are as the surface properties of the completed race ring member, the surface of the material should be free from defects such as oxide film, rust, and scratches. On the other hand, in order to facilitate cold plastic working (cold forging), it is necessary to anneal the material before plastic working, and it is inevitable that an oxide film is formed on the surface by this annealing. Considering these things, after annealing the long material (bar material) to obtain the columnar material, the oxide film produced on the outer peripheral surface of this long material is polished, barreled, It is preferable from the standpoint of obtaining a high-quality material that does not have an oxide film on the surface, by removing it by shot peening or the like and then cutting the long material into a predetermined size.

但し、長尺材の外周面の酸化被膜を除去する事が、加工コスト等の面から難しければ、外周面を酸化被膜で覆われた長尺材を切断して得た定尺材の外周面に磨き加工を施して、上記素材を得る事もできる。この場合には、一般的な、スルーフィードのセンタレス研削盤による磨き加工で、上記酸化被膜の除去が可能になる。尚、上記素材が円筒状である場合には、長尺材の内径側に形成された酸化被膜の除去は難しいので、長尺材を切断して得た定尺材の状態で、内周面の酸化被膜を除去する必要がある。この場合、焼鈍処理と切断との前後は問わない。何れの場合でも、上記長尺材を切断する方法は、精度確保の面からは、旋盤による突っ切りが好ましい。但し、切断後に上記酸化膜の除去作業を行なう際に、例えば、バレル加工のメディア、或いはショット・ピーニング処理の為のショットを切断面に衝突させる事で、切断面の性状も整えられるのであれば、低コストで行なえる、鋸引きにより切断しても良い。 However, if it is difficult to remove the oxide film on the outer peripheral surface of the long material from the viewpoint of processing cost etc., the outer peripheral surface of the fixed material obtained by cutting the long material covered with the oxide film on the outer peripheral surface The above materials can also be obtained by polishing. In this case, the oxide film can be removed by polishing with a general through-feed centerless grinder. When the material is cylindrical, it is difficult to remove the oxide film formed on the inner diameter side of the long material, so the inner peripheral surface is in the state of a standard material obtained by cutting the long material. It is necessary to remove the oxide film. In this case, the annealing process and the cutting process are not limited. In any case, the method of cutting the long material is preferably cut off by a lathe from the viewpoint of ensuring accuracy. However, when the oxide film is removed after cutting, for example, if the barrel processing media or the shot for shot peening treatment collides with the cutting surface, the properties of the cutting surface can be adjusted. It can be cut at a low cost by sawing.

本発明は、外周面の一部に径方向外方に突出した突出部を形成した軌道輪部材であれば、図示の様な従動輪用のハブ本体に限らず、例えば、図６に示した様な駆動輪用のハブ本体でも、或は図６〜８に示した様な外輪でも実施できる。 The present invention is not limited to the hub body for a driven wheel as shown in the figure as long as it is a race ring member in which a projecting portion projecting radially outward is formed on a part of the outer peripheral surface. Such a hub body for a driving wheel or an outer ring as shown in FIGS.

本発明の実施の形態の第１例を、加工工程順に示す断面図及び端面図。Sectional drawing and end elevation which show the 1st example of embodiment of this invention in order of a process process. 図１のＸ部拡大図。The X section enlarged view of FIG. 第１例での側方押し出し加工の実施状況を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the implementation condition of the side extrusion process in a 1st example. 図３のＹ部拡大図。The Y section enlarged view of FIG. 本発明の実施の形態の第２例を、加工工程順に示す断面図及び端面図。Sectional drawing and end elevation which show the 2nd example of embodiment of this invention in order of a process process. 駆動輪用の車輪支持用ハブユニットの１例を、ナックルに組み付けた状態で示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows an example of the hub unit for wheel support for drive wheels in the state assembled | attached to the knuckle. 従動輪用の車輪支持用ハブユニットの１例を示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows an example of the hub unit for wheel support for driven wheels. 従来から知られている、車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットを構成する外輪を側方押し出し加工により造る状態を、加工開始直前の状態と加工終了直後の状態とで示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the state which produces the outer ring | wheel which comprises the wheel bearing rolling bearing unit conventionally known by the side extrusion process in the state just before a process start, and the state just after completion | finish of a process. 従来から知られている、従動輪用車輪支持用転がり軸受ユニットを構成するハブ本体を側方押し出し加工により造る状態を、加工開始直前の状態と加工終了直後の状態とで示す断面図。Sectional drawing which shows the state which manufactures the hub main body which comprises the wheel bearing rolling bearing unit for driven wheels conventionally known by the side extrusion process in the state just before a process start, and the state just after completion | finish of a process.

Explanation of symbols

１ホイール
２ロータ
３ナックル
４支持孔
５、５ａ車輪支持用ハブユニット
６外輪
７ボルト
８、８ａハブ
９スタッド
１０ナット
１１ａ、１１ｂ外輪軌道
１２結合フランジ
１３、１３ａハブ本体
１４内輪
１５取付フランジ
１６ａ、１６ｂ内輪軌道
１７小径段部
１８かしめ部
１９転動体
２０ａ、２０ｂシールリング
２１スプライン孔
２２等速ジョイント用外輪
２３スプライン軸
２４ナット
２５、２５ａ素材
２６、２６ａ、２６ｂ上型
２７、２７ａ下型
２８、２８ａ金型
２９、２９ａ空間
３０、３０ａパンチ
３１第一中間素材
３２小径部
３３大径部
３４傾斜部
３５第二中間素材
３６、３６ａ第三中間素材
３７押型
３８上板
３９弾性構造体
４０下板
４１フランジ成形用空間
４２下側凹部
４３上側凹部
４４大径円筒面部
４５段部
４６小径円筒面部
４７凹部
４８位置決め円筒部
４９ノックアウトピン
５０素材 DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 1 Wheel 2 Rotor 3 Knuckle 4 Support hole 5, 5a Wheel support hub unit 6 Outer ring 7 Bolt 8, 8a Hub 9 Stud 10 Nut 11a, 11b Outer ring track 12 Coupling flange 13, 13a Hub body 14 Inner ring 15 Mounting flange 16a, 16b Inner ring raceway 17 Small diameter step portion 18 Caulking portion 19 Rolling element 20a, 20b Seal ring 21 Spline hole 22 Outer ring for constant velocity joint 23 Spline shaft 24 Nut 25, 25a Material 26, 26a, 26b Upper die 27, 27a Lower die 28, 28a Die 29, 29a Space 30, 30a Punch 31 First intermediate material 32 Small diameter portion 33 Large diameter portion 34 Inclined portion 35 Second intermediate material 36, 36a Third intermediate material 37 Stamping die 38 Upper plate 39 Elastic structure 40 Lower plate 41 Flange forming space 42 Lower recess 43 Upper recessed portion 44 Large diameter cylindrical surface portion 45 Step portion 46 Small diameter cylindrical surface portion 47 Recessed portion 48 Positioning cylindrical portion 49 Knockout pin 50 Material

Claims

A metal having an outward flange on the outer peripheral surface, a positioning cylindrical surface portion at a portion protruding from one axial surface of the outward flange at one axial end portion of the outer peripheral surface, and a raceway surface on any of the peripheral surfaces. A rolling ring bearing unit bearing ring member, wherein the positioning cylindrical surface portion and the outward flange are formed by plastic working by cold pressing, and the positioning cylindrical surface portion is formed on one end side in the axial direction. A bearing member for a rolling bearing unit having a stepped shape in which a small-diameter portion existing and a large-diameter portion existing on the outward flange side are continuously provided by a step portion.

An outer diameter side race ring member having a double row outer ring raceway on the inner peripheral surface, an inner diameter side race ring member having a double row inner ring raceway on the outer peripheral surface, and both of these outer ring raceways and both inner ring raceways, 2. A rolling element provided in a plurality of rows so as to be freely rollable for each row, wherein at least one of the outer diameter side race ring member and the inner diameter side race ring member is defined in claim 1. Rolling bearing unit which is a bearing member for a rolled bearing unit.

Rolling bearings that have an outward flange on the outer peripheral surface, a cylindrical surface portion for positioning at a portion protruding from one axial surface of the outward flange at one axial end portion of the outer peripheral surface, and a raceway surface on any peripheral surface A mold having a flange forming space in which a metal material having a cylindrical outer peripheral surface is recessed radially outward at a portion where the outward flange is to be formed when a bearing ring member for a unit is manufactured. After being housed inside, the material is plastically deformed by performing a lateral extrusion process in which a part of the metal material constituting the material is pushed into the flange forming space by pressing the material in the axial direction. A bearing ring member for a rolling bearing unit having a bearing ring member having an outward flange on a part of an outer peripheral surface, wherein the mold is formed in a portion adjacent to the flange forming space in the axial direction. , In order from the flange forming space side in the axial direction, a large-diameter cylindrical surface portion having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the material, a step portion, and a small-diameter cylindrical surface portion whose inner diameter is smaller than the large-diameter side cylindrical surface portion The material should be used as the positioning cylindrical surface portion from a state in which at least a part of the material to be the positioning cylindrical surface portion is set inside the small diameter cylindrical surface portion. By pressing in the axial direction from the part side toward the flange forming space side, moving a part of the material from the inside of the small-diameter cylindrical surface part to the inside of the large-diameter cylindrical surface part to widen the outer diameter After the work hardening, the work hardened part is moved to the part to be the base part of the outward flange, and at least the part to be the base part is constituted by the work hardened part. Manufacturing method of Tsu door for the bearing ring member.

The inner diameter of the small-diameter side cylindrical surface portion of the inner surface of the mold is smaller than the outer diameter of the portion of the material that should be the positioning cylindrical surface portion, and the inner diameter of the large-diameter side cylindrical surface portion is also the same as this positioning cylindrical surface portion. It is larger than the outer diameter of the portion to be formed, and each is formed, and at least a part of the portion to be the cylindrical surface portion for positioning is press-fitted into the small-diameter side cylindrical surface portion, whereby the material is stored in the mold. A method for manufacturing a bearing ring member for a bearing unit according to claim 3.

Rolling bearings with an outward flange on the outer peripheral surface, a cylindrical surface portion for positioning at a portion protruding from one axial surface of the outward flange at one axial end portion of the outer peripheral surface, and a raceway surface on one of the peripheral surfaces A manufacturing apparatus having a mold for making a bearing ring member for a unit, wherein the mold is recessed in a radially outward direction at a portion of the inner surface where the outward flange is to be formed. A large diameter having an inner diameter larger than the outer diameter of the material in order in the axial direction from the flange forming space side to the flange forming space provided and a portion adjacent to the flange forming space in the axial direction. An apparatus for manufacturing a bearing member for a rolling bearing unit, comprising a cylindrical surface portion, a stepped portion, and a small-diameter cylindrical surface portion whose inner diameter is smaller than the large-diameter side cylindrical surface portion.