JP2008030963A - Civil engineering/building material having high void content and drain material for dam body - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a civil engineering/building material having a high void content which is applicable to a civil engineering/building structure that needs a high void content so as to exhibit excellent water permeability and needs durability such as high compressive strength or the like by utilizing reformed sulphur and a specific coal ash particulate material having a generally spherical shape, and to provide a drain material for a dam body having a high void content that enables to rapidly drain penetrated water from sea, rivers, etc. to the dam body and also excellent in durability such as acid resistance, high compression strength or the like. <P>SOLUTION: The inventive civil engineering/building material having a high void content or the drain material for a dam body is a material which has a void content of 25-50% and is obtained by coating, bonding and solidifying each of a coal ash particulate material having a diameter of 2-50 mm which contains 100 mass% of a coal ash and 10-100 mass% of an electric furnace reduction slag with a fluid material having a particle diameter of at most 1 mm and containing reformed sulphur which contains 100 mass% of fine powder and 30-400 mass% of reformed sulphur. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a civil engineering / building material having a high porosity and a drainage material for a levee body that can be used for a bank of a river using modified sulfur and a specific granular aggregate.

Conventionally, many civil engineering and architectural structures using porous concrete that can be used for ground improvement materials for breakwater foundations, fishing reefs, algae reefs, various blocks, etc. have been proposed.
On the other hand, in recent years, many sulfur-containing materials excellent in acid resistance, mechanical strength, water barrier properties, etc. have been proposed and used as civil engineering and building materials to replace concrete.
Since such a sulfur-containing material usually has a melting temperature of sulfur or modified sulfur of 120 ° C. or higher, the molten sulfur-containing material maintained at about 120 to 160 ° C. is poured into a predetermined mold. Manufactured by solidifying. Further, as a porous body using a sulfur-containing material, Patent Document 2 includes porous sulfur containing a sulfur material and an aggregate, having continuous voids showing water permeability, and a porosity of 5 to 40% by volume. Materials have been proposed.
By the way, in Patent Document 3, water is added to a mixture obtained by adding a specific ratio of electric furnace reducing slag or bentonite to coal ash useful as a ground material such as a lower layer roadbed material or embankment material, and the mixture is kneaded and processed into a granular material. Coal ash particulate material is described.
However, a civil engineering / building material excellent in porosity using such granular coal ash and modified sulfur has not been known.
Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 5-85851 JP 2004-189538 A JP 2001-48633 A

An object of the present invention is to use modified sulfur and a specific spherical ash granular material that has a high porosity capable of exhibiting excellent water permeability and durability such as high compressive strength. The object is to provide high porosity civil engineering and building materials that can be used for building structures.
Another problem of the present invention is that it uses a modified sulfur and a specific spherical ash granular material, and has a high porosity capable of quickly draining the permeated water to a bank such as a river, Another object of the present invention is to provide a drainage body drainage material having excellent durability such as high compressive strength.

  According to the present invention, each of the coal ash granular materials having a diameter of 2 to 50 mm including 100 parts by mass of coal ash and 10 to 100 parts by mass of the electric furnace reducing slag is converted into 100 parts by mass of fine powder having a particle size of 1 mm or less and the modification. A high-porosity civil engineering / building material having a porosity of 25 to 50%, or a drainage material for a dam body, which is covered and adhered and solidified by a modified sulfur-containing fluid material containing 30 to 400 parts by mass of sulfur, is provided.

  The high porosity civil engineering / building material or the drainage material for levee bodies of the present invention is a high porosity obtained by coating and bonding and solidifying each of the specific spherical ash granular materials with a specific modified sulfur-containing fluid material. Therefore, it can be used for civil engineering and building structures that require high porosity that can exhibit excellent water permeability and durability such as high compressive strength. It can be used as a drainage material for a bank body that can quickly drain the permeated water.

Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in more detail.
The high porosity civil engineering / building material or the drainage drainage material of the present invention (hereinafter collectively referred to as the material of the present invention) covers each specific coal ash granular material with a specific modified sulfur-containing fluid material. And a solidified structure having a porosity of 25 to 50%, preferably 30 to 45%.
The specific coal ash granular material used for the material of the present invention is a molded product obtained by molding a material containing coal ash and electroreduction slag into a substantially spherical shape having a diameter of 2 to 50 mm, preferably 5 to 30 mm. In particular, in the case of the drain material of the present invention, the diameter of the coal ash granular material is preferably 5 to 30 mm because the function as the drain material is easily exhibited.
In the material of the present invention, it is preferable that the particle diameter of each coal ash granular material is approximately the same in order to increase the porosity.

As the electric furnace reducing slag contained in the coal ash granular material, powder products generated during electric furnace operation can be used as they are. However, in order to obtain a sufficient strength development effect by mixing with coal ash, and in order to facilitate the granulation when granulating with coal ash, the particle size of the electric furnace reducing slag is changed to the particle size of coal ash. It is preferable to adjust to the same degree as the diameter. Therefore, it is preferable that the bulk electric furnace reducing slag is pulverized, and preferably pulverized so as to have a particle size comparable to that of coal ash.
Electric furnace reduced slag can be used in a dehydrated state during the production of coal ash granular material, and can also be used with waste sludge dehydrated during preparation of electric furnace reduced slag in order to exhibit the binder function of each component. .
In addition to the coal ash and the electric furnace reducing slag, the coal ash granular material may contain bentonite or the like in order to improve the adhesion of each component during the production of the coal ash granular material.

In the coal ash granular material, the content ratio of the electric furnace reducing slag is 10 to 100 parts by mass, preferably 25 to 75 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the coal ash. When the content ratio of the electric furnace reducing slag is less than 10 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of coal ash, the strength of the obtained coal ash granular material is lowered. On the other hand, when the content rate of electric furnace reduction slag exceeds 100 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of coal ash, granulation at the time of preparing a coal ash granular material is difficult.
In the coal ash granular material, the content ratio when using the bentonite is usually 1 to 5 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of coal ash. When the content ratio of bentonite is less than 1 part by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of coal ash, the adhesive action of bentonite may not be sufficiently obtained. On the other hand, when the content rate of bentonite exceeds 5 mass parts with respect to 100 mass parts of coal ash, there exists a possibility that the intensity | strength of the obtained coal ash granular material may fall.

  Manufacture of a coal ash granular material can be obtained with reference to the said patent document 3. FIG. Basically, a mixture obtained by mixing coal ash, electric furnace reducing slag, and bentonite if necessary with a mixing and kneading machine is sprinkled for humidification using a pan granulator such as a pan pelletizer. While being granulated to a desired size, it can be obtained by a method of drying.

The modified sulfur-containing fluid material used for the material of the present invention contains fine powder having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less and modified sulfur in a specific ratio.
The modified sulfur is obtained by polymerizing normal sulfur, for example, sulfur produced by natural or petroleum or natural gas desulfurization with a sulfur modifier, and a reaction product of sulfur and the sulfur modifier. It is.

Examples of the sulfur modifier include olefinic hydrocarbons or diolefinic hydrocarbons having 4 to 20 carbon atoms, specifically, cyclic olefinic hydrocarbons such as limonene and pinene, styrene, vinyltoluene, and methylstyrene. Examples thereof include aromatic hydrocarbons, dicyclopentadiene and oligomers thereof, cyclopentadiene, tetrahydroindene, vinylcyclohexene, vinyl norbornene, ethylidene norbornene, and diene hydrocarbons such as cyclooctadiene.
The modified sulfur can be obtained by melt-mixing sulfur and a sulfur modifier. Under the present circumstances, the usage-amount of a sulfur modifier is 0.1-30 mass% normally with respect to the total amount of sulfur and a sulfur modifier, Especially the ratio of 1.0-20 mass% is preferable.

The melt mixing can be performed using, for example, an internal mixer, a roll mill, a drum mixer, a pony mixer, a ribbon mixer, a homomixer, a static mixer, or the like.
In preparing the modified sulfur, the melt mixing method is, for example, a range of 120 to 160 ° C., preferably 130 to 155 ° C., more preferably 140 so that sulfur and sulfur are reformed efficiently. It can be carried out by a method of melting and mixing in the range of ˜155 ° C. and retaining until the viscosity at 140 ° C. becomes 0.05 to 3.0 Pa · s.

  In the modified sulfur-containing fluid material, the content ratio of the modified sulfur is usually 30 to 400 parts by mass, preferably 50 to 300 parts by mass with respect to 100 parts by mass of the fine powder described later. If it is less than 30 parts by mass, uniform mixing with the fine powder is not sufficient, and if it exceeds 400 parts by mass, the modified sulfur and fine powder are separated and it is difficult to obtain a uniform modified sulfur-containing fluid material.

The fine powder used for the modified sulfur-containing fluidized material is a fine powder having a particle size of 1 mm or less, preferably 100 μm or less. When the particle size of the fine powder exceeds 1 mm, it is difficult to maintain the fluidized state of the modified sulfur-containing fluid material. A known technique can be used to adjust the particle size of such fine powder, and for example, it can be adjusted with a sieve or the like. The particle size can be defined using a JIS standard sieve.
The fine powder is not particularly limited as long as it has the above specific particle size. For example, coal ash, cinnabar sand, silica fume, quartz can be easily obtained in a large amount with easy adjustment of the particle size distribution and uniformity. One or more types selected from the group consisting of powder, sand, glass powder, the coal ash particulate material, and electrostatic dust collection ash are preferred.

  The modified sulfur-containing fluid material can be obtained by mixing a modified sulfur in a fluid state, that is, a modified sulfur melt and fine powder, and maintaining the molten state of the modified sulfur. At this time, the reformed sulfur melt and fine powder are mixed in advance and solidified to an appropriate size and shape can be made into a molten state at the time of use to obtain a modified sulfur-containing fluid material. Here, when the modified sulfur-containing fluid material does not contain the fine powder, the mechanical strength of the finally obtained material of the present invention may be significantly reduced.

  To produce the material of the present invention, first, one opening is an opening through which both the coal ash granular material and the modified sulfur-containing fluid material can pass, and the other opening is the modified sulfur-containing fluid. A mold having openings at both ends, which is an opening through which the material passes and the coal ash granular material does not pass through, is prepared. The mold usually includes a heating device that can maintain the flow state of the modified sulfur-containing fluid material. Next, the mold is filled with a desired amount of the coal ash granular material from an opening through which both materials can pass, and then the modified sulfur-containing fluid material is introduced into the mold from the same opening. The coated coal ash granule is sufficiently brought into contact with and covered, and the excess is discharged from the other opening. Subsequently, the modified sulfur-containing fluid material in the mold can be cooled, solidified, and demolded. Moreover, after mixing both the coal ash granular material and the modified sulfur-containing fluid material into the mold in advance, it is introduced into the mold from an opening through which both materials can pass, and from the other opening. A method of cooling and solidifying after surplus of the modified sulfur-containing fluidized material is allowed to flow out can also be employed.

The form of the mold is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include a cylinder, a prism, a flat plate, a block, and the like. It can be selected appropriately.
Examples of the heat source of the mold heating apparatus include, but are not limited to, a heat source having a heat ray heater, a planar heating element, and a heat medium circulation mechanism inside a covering that can cover the periphery of the mold.
The cooling and solidification can be performed by natural cooling or forced cooling of the entire mold. At this time, it is preferable to gradually lower the temperature stepwise by using a heating device provided in the mold so that the modified sulfur in the mold does not cause a troubled shrinkage on the surface or the like due to rapid cooling. . Such a thermal history can be appropriately determined according to the capacity, form, etc. of the formwork. By performing such an operation, the outer surface of the target material of the present invention can be finished smoothly when it is finally demolded and manufactured.

  By adopting the above-described manufacturing method, the material of the present invention maintains the voids formed by each of the coal ash particulate materials to the maximum, and covers and bonds the coal ash particulate material with the modified sulfur-containing fluid material. Therefore, it has high porosity, durability such as acid resistance due to modified sulfur, and excellent compressive strength by using a specific modified sulfur-containing fluid material.

The drainage body drain material of the present invention can be used as a drain material used in a drainage construction method for a levee such as a river. Since the drainage body drainage material of the present invention has the above-described high porosity and compressive strength, it improves the water permeability of the bottom of the riverbank of the bank, suppresses the rise of the infiltrating surface in the bank, A decrease in shear resistance can be sufficiently suppressed.
The drainage body drain material of the present invention can be used not only for the construction of a new bank body but also for the repair of the bank body.

EXAMPLES Hereinafter, although an Example and a comparative example demonstrate this invention further in detail, this invention is not limited to these.
Example 1
(Preparation of coal ash granular material)
50 parts by mass of powdered electric furnace reducing slag is added to 100 parts by mass of coal ash of 200 mesh or less, and 1.5 parts by mass of bentonite is further mixed to form a spherical shaped product having a diameter of about 30 mm in January. It was made to dry and the coal ash granular material was prepared.
(Preparation of modified sulfur-containing fluid material)
4.8 kg of solid sulfur was put into a closed stirring and mixing tank, heated at 120 ° C. and dissolved, and maintained at 130 ° C. Subsequently, 0.2 kg of room temperature tetrahydroindene was slowly added and gently stirred for about 10 minutes to confirm that the temperature was stable, and then the temperature was raised to 140 ° C. The reaction started, the viscosity gradually increased, and when the viscosity reached 0.1 Pa · s in about 1 hour, the sulfur reforming was finished.
Next, 2.5 kg of coal ash having a particle size of 50 μm or less preheated to 140 ° C. was added to and stirred in the obtained modified sulfur to prepare a modified sulfur-containing fluid material.

(Preparation of the material of the present invention)
In a state where the modified sulfur-containing fluid material was maintained at 130 ° C., 10 kg of the coal ash particulate material was charged and mixed for 1 minute so as to cover each coal ash particulate material with the fluid material. This operation was performed in a thermostatic chamber heated to 130 ° C. so that the modified sulfur-containing fluid material did not cool. Subsequently, two columnar molds having a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm, each having a bottom surface formed of a 5 mm mesh wire net capable of discharging only surplus modified sulfur-containing fluid material, are heated to 100 ° C. in advance. Then, while applying vibration, the coal ash granular material coated with the modified sulfur-containing fluid material was poured. At this time, surplus modified sulfur-containing fluid material flowed out of the bottom mesh.
The coal ash granular material remaining in the upper part without being packed in the mold was destroyed leaving only the upper opening of the mold to be flush. Thereafter, the sample was allowed to cool to room temperature, and the modified sulfur was cooled and solidified to prepare two specimens according to the material of the present invention having a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm.
For the obtained two specimen materials (specimens 1 and 2), the porosity was measured by the water method, and both ends of the solidified body were capped with modified sulfur, and the uniaxial compressive strength was determined according to JIS A1108. It was measured. These results are shown in Table 1 together with the apparent specific gravity of the specimen.

Comparative Example 1
Porous cement concrete was prepared using cement mortar instead of the modified sulfur-containing fluid material in Example 1. That is, 10 kg of the same coal ash granular material as in Example 1 was put into 5 kg of cement mortar, and mixed for 1 minute so as to cover each coal ash granular material with the fluid material. Subsequently, the bottom surface is coated with the cement mortar while applying vibration to two cylindrical molds having a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm, which are formed of a 5 mm mesh wire net capable of discharging only excess cement mortar. The cast coal ash granular material was poured. At this time, excess cement mortar flowed out from the mesh on the bottom surface.
The coal ash granular material remaining in the upper part without being packed in the mold was destroyed leaving only the upper opening of the mold to be flush. Thereafter, the sample was left for 7 days in a sufficiently moist environment to prepare two specimens of porous cement concrete having a diameter of 10 cm and a height of 20 cm.
For the two obtained specimens (specimens 3 and 4), the porosity was measured by the water amount method, and both end faces were capped with modified sulfur, and then the uniaxial compressive strength was measured according to JIS A1108. These results are shown in Table 1 together with the apparent specific gravity of the specimen.

Claims (3)

  Each of the coal ash granular materials having a diameter of 2 to 50 mm including 100 parts by mass of coal ash and 10 to 100 parts by mass of the electric furnace reducing slag is composed of 100 parts by mass of fine powder having a particle size of 1 mm or less and 30 to 400 parts by mass of modified sulfur. A high porosity civil engineering / building material having a porosity of 25 to 50%, which is covered and adhered and solidified with a modified sulfur-containing fluid material including a part.   The civil engineering / building material according to claim 1, wherein the coal ash granular material contains 1 to 5 parts by mass of bentonite.   Each of the coal ash granular materials having a diameter of 2 to 50 mm including 100 parts by mass of coal ash and 10 to 100 parts by mass of the electric furnace reducing slag, 100 parts by mass of fine powder having a particle diameter of 1 mm or less and 30 to 400 parts by mass of modified sulfur. Drainage drainage material having a porosity of 25 to 50%, which is covered and adhered and solidified by a modified sulfur-containing fluid material including a portion.