JP2008025933A - Combustion furnace - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a combustion furnace capable of performing sure combustion by an inexpensive device by stably maintaining a combustion temperature high by the use of the heating effect of ceramic balls, while preventing the scattering of unburned matter, ash, dioxin and the like out of the furnace. <P>SOLUTION: This combustion furnace comprises a primary combustion chamber 1. The combustion chamber 1 includes a rooster 4 provided on the bottom side thereof; a blower 7 disposed below the rooster; a ceramic ball layer 10 formed on the rooster 4; an igniting burner 11 mounted to a side wall 6 above the rooster; a screw conveyor 12 for supplying a combustion matter 15 inputted from a hopper 14, and mounted to the side wall 6 above the burner; and a combustion gas exhaust port 19 on the side wall of the primary combustion chamber 19. The furnace further comprises a secondary combustion chamber 20 mounted with an igniting burner 21 which is provided so as to communicably lead to the discharge port, and a ternary combustion chamber 22 mounted with a blower 7 which is provided so as to communicably lead to the secondary combustion chamber. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a combustion furnace using the heating effect of ceramic balls.

In general, a combustion furnace is widely used for burning organic substances such as wood chips, livestock droppings, rice husks, and food residues (for example, Patent Document 1). The conventional combustion furnace has a problem that the temperature in the furnace and the amount of gas generated change due to changes in the amount and properties of the combusted material and stable operation cannot be performed. In addition, depending on the properties of the combusted material, dioxins, unburned materials, ash, and the like are scattered outside the furnace, and there is a problem that an exhaust gas treatment facility for removing these is required.
JP2002-195529

The present invention improves the above-mentioned problems, stably maintains the combustion temperature at a high temperature by utilizing the heating effect of the ceramic ball, can be reliably burned by an inexpensive device, dioxin, malodor, unburned matter, The present invention provides a combustion furnace that prevents ash and the like from being scattered outside the furnace.

The combustion furnace according to claim 1 of the present invention is provided with a rooster at the bottom side of the primary combustion chamber, a blower is attached to the lower portion of the rooster, a ceramic ball layer is provided on the rooster, and the primary combustion chamber of the upper primary combustion chamber is provided. An ignition burner is attached to the side wall, and a screw conveyor for supplying the combusted material introduced from the hopper is attached to the upper side wall, and a combustion gas exhaust port is provided on the side wall of the primary combustion chamber, and communicated with the exhaust port. A secondary combustion chamber is provided, and an ignition burner is attached to the secondary combustion chamber. The combustion product is incinerated by the combustion flame of the ignition burner of the primary combustion chamber and the ceramic ball layer heated thereby, and the combustion gas is further burned into the secondary combustion chamber. And is burned by a combustion flame of an ignition burner.

The combustion furnace according to claim 2 of the present invention is the combustion furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a tertiary combustion chamber on the exhaust side of the secondary combustion chamber, where a blower is attached, and combustion gas is burned at a higher temperature. It is characterized by making it.

The combustion furnace according to claim 3 of the present invention is characterized in that, in claim 1 or 2, the ceiling of the combustion chamber is formed in a dome shape.

The combustion furnace according to claim 4 of the present invention is the combustion furnace according to claim 1, 2 or 3, wherein the screw conveyor is attached to be inclined upward toward the front end side inserted into the combustion chamber. It is characterized by.

According to the combustion furnace of the first aspect of the present invention, the combustion product charged into the primary combustion chamber is heated and burned by the burner flame of the ceramic ball layer and the ignition burner that are heated to red heat, and further In the next combustion chamber, unburned matter is heated to a high temperature and reliably incinerated, so that dioxins, odors, unburned matter, and ash are not scattered outside the furnace, and stable operation can be performed.

Further, according to the combustion furnace of claim 2, a tertiary combustion chamber is further provided on the exhaust side of the secondary combustion chamber, and a blower is attached to the combustion chamber so that the combustion gas can be burned at a higher temperature. Generation and scattering outside the furnace can be reliably prevented.

According to the combustion furnace of the third aspect, since the ceiling of the primary combustion chamber is formed in a dome shape, the combustion flame can travel around the entire furnace and burn efficiently.

According to the combustion furnace of the fourth aspect, the screw conveyor is mounted so as to be inclined upward toward the tip side inserted into the combustion chamber, so that the combustibles introduced from the hopper are sequentially supplied. Therefore, the hot air in the primary combustion chamber can be prevented from leaking to the outside by being transported upward and tightly packed in the cylindrical case.

Hereinafter, an embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail with reference to FIG. 1 and FIG. In the figure, 1 is a primary combustion chamber, which is made of a refractory material such as ceramic, a ceiling 2 is formed in a dome shape, and a monitoring window 3 is formed at the apex portion. On the bottom side of the primary combustion chamber 1, a rooster 4 is attached horizontally, and an ash recovery part 5 is formed below this. A blower 7 is attached to the side wall 6 on the back side of the ash recovery unit 5.

A ceramic ball layer 10 in which ceramic balls 9 are stacked is formed on the upper portion of the rooster 4. The ceramic balls 9 are obtained by kneading and sintering ceramic powder with water, and the diameter is preferably about 25 to 40 mm. An ignition burner 11 is attached to the upper side wall 6 of the ceramic ball layer 10, and a screw conveyor 12 that rotates in the cylindrical case is further attached to the upper side wall 6.

The screw conveyor 12 is driven to rotate by a motor 13 controlled by an inverter. Further, a hopper 14 is attached to the input side of the screw conveyor 12, and an organic combustion product 15 such as wood chips, livestock dung, rice husk, food residue, etc. is input into this, and the screw conveyor 12 rotates to enter the primary combustion chamber 1. It is designed to supply sequentially. Moreover, as shown in FIG. 2, the opening part 17 is formed in the whole surface of the side wall 6 on the opposite side to the air blower 7, and the door 18 is attached here so that opening and closing is possible.

Further, an exhaust port 19 is provided in the side wall 6 facing the screw conveyor 12 of the primary combustion chamber 1, and a secondary combustion chamber 20 is attached in communication therewith. The secondary combustion chamber 20 is formed in a duct shape from a heat-resistant metal such as stainless steel. An ignition burner 21 is attached to the secondary combustion chamber 20 so that the primary combustion gas discharged from the primary combustion chamber 1 is heated again.

Further, on the discharge side of the secondary combustion chamber 20, a tertiary combustion chamber 22 formed in a duct shape with a heat-resistant metal such as stainless steel is provided. A blower pipe 23 branched from the blower 7 is connected to the tertiary combustion chamber 22 to further burn the secondary combustion gas while supplying oxygen. The tertiary combustion chamber 22 is provided with a temperature sensor 24 and an exhaust port 25 on the discharge side, which is connected to a drying furnace and a boiler (not shown). The temperature sensor 24 is connected to a control device (not shown) to control the rotational speed of the motor 13 of the screw conveyor 12, the air volume of the blower 7, the fuel supply amount of the ignition burners 11 and 21, and the on / off of the switch. ing.

As shown in FIG. 1, the combustion furnace configured as described above blows air from the blower 7, ignites the ignition burner 11, and heats the ceramic ball layer 10 with the burner flame. When the motor 13 is driven in this state, the screw conveyor 12 is rotated in the cylindrical case, and the organic combustibles 15 such as wood chips, livestock dung, rice husks, and food residues introduced into the hopper 14 are sequentially sent forward. It is supplied into the primary combustion chamber 1. This supply amount is controlled by controlling the rotation of the motor 13 with an inverter.

The combustion products 15 sequentially supplied into the primary combustion chamber 1 come into contact with the ceramic ball layer 10 that has been heated red to a high temperature, and are heated and burned by the burner flame. Therefore, even if there is an unburned product, it can be reliably burned by contacting the ceramic ball layer 10 which is heated to red heat and a stable operation can be performed. Moreover, since the ceiling 2 is formed in a dome shape, the combustion flame can be turned around and burned more efficiently.

Further, the screw conveyor 12 for supplying the combustion product 15 to the primary combustion chamber 1 has a structure that rotates in the cylindrical case, and the combustion product 15 is supplied in a state of being cut off from the outside. There is no leakage outside.

The combustion gas of the combustion product 15 combusted in the primary combustion chamber 1 flows into the secondary combustion chamber 20 from the exhaust port 19 formed in the side wall 6 as shown in FIG. 2, and further, the burner of the ignition burner 21 provided here. It is heated to a higher temperature by the flame and the unburned material is burned. This high-temperature combustion gas is further sent to the tertiary combustion chamber 22, where unburned matter remaining in the combustion gas can be more reliably burned by the air from the blower pipe 23 connected to the blower 7.

The combustion gas combusted in the tertiary combustion chamber 22 is discharged to the outside from the exhaust port 25. In order to effectively use this heat, it is used as a heat source for a drying furnace or a boiler. The temperature of the combustion gas in the tertiary combustion chamber 22 is detected by a temperature sensor 24 provided here, and the rotational speed of the motor 13 of the screw conveyor 12, the air volume of the blower 7, the ignition burner is detected by a control device (not shown). The entire combustion state is adjusted so that the temperature of the combustion gas becomes 800 ° C. or higher by controlling the fuel supply amounts 11 and 21 and the on / off of the switch.

Accordingly, the injected combustion product 15 is heated and combusted by the burner flame of the ceramic ball layer 10 and the ignition burner 11 which are heated red in the primary combustion chamber 1 and the dome-shaped ceiling 2 causes the combustion flame to enter the furnace. It is burned efficiently around the whole. Furthermore, since the unburned matter is sequentially heated to a high temperature in the secondary combustion chamber 20 and the tertiary combustion chamber 22 and can be burned at a high temperature of 800 ° C. or higher, it is surely incinerated and no dioxins are generated, and bad odors and unburned matter Stable operation can be performed without ash scattering outside the furnace.

FIG. 3 shows another embodiment of the present invention, in which a screw conveyor 12 is attached so as to be inclined upward toward the front end side inserted into the combustion chamber 1. In this structure, the combustibles 15 introduced from the hopper 14 are sequentially supplied and transported upward while trying to slide down due to their own weight, so that the combustibles 15 are transported in a tightly packed state in the cylindrical case. The hot air in the primary combustion chamber 1 can be prevented from leaking outside.

In the above description, the case where the primary combustion chamber 1, the secondary combustion chamber 20, and the tertiary combustion chamber 22 are provided in three stages has been described, but a structure in which the primary combustion chamber 1 and the secondary combustion chamber 20 are provided in two stages may be used. .

1 is a longitudinal sectional view of a combustion furnace according to an embodiment of the present invention. It is a horizontal sectional view which shows the combustion furnace of FIG. It is a longitudinal cross-sectional view of the combustion furnace by other embodiment of this invention.

Explanation of symbols

1 Primary combustion chamber
2 Ceiling
3 monitoring windows
4 Rooster
5 Ash recovery department
6 Side walls
7 Blower
9 Ceramic balls
10 Ceramic ball layer
11 Ignition burner
12 Screw conveyor
13 Motor
14 Hopper
15 Combustion
17 opening
18 door
19 Exhaust port
20 Secondary combustion chamber
21 Ignition burner
22 Tertiary combustion chamber
23 Blower pipe
24 Temperature sensor
25 Exhaust port

Claims (4)

  A roster is provided on the bottom side of the primary combustion chamber, a blower is attached to the lower portion of the rooster, a ceramic ball layer is provided on the rooster, an ignition burner is attached to the side wall of the upper primary combustion chamber, and the upper side wall is provided. A screw conveyor for supplying the combusted material introduced from the hopper is attached, and a combustion gas discharge port is provided on the side wall of the primary combustion chamber. A secondary combustion chamber is provided in communication with the discharge port, and an ignition burner is provided here. The combustion product is incinerated with the combustion flame of the ignition burner in the primary combustion chamber and the ceramic ball layer heated thereby, and further, this combustion gas is supplied to the secondary combustion chamber and burned with the combustion flame of the ignition burner. A combustion furnace characterized in that   A combustion furnace according to claim 1, further comprising a tertiary combustion chamber provided on the exhaust side of the secondary combustion chamber, wherein a blower is attached to burn the combustion gas at a higher temperature. The combustion furnace according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the ceiling of the combustion chamber is formed in a dome shape. The combustion furnace according to claim 1, wherein the screw conveyor is attached so as to be inclined upward toward a tip end side inserted into the combustion chamber.