JP2008023559A - Press machine using superconductive coil - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a press machine using superconductive coils, which press machine can speed up a pressing process by employing the superconductive coils as driving sources of the press machine, and also can finely adjust a pressing force to be applied to a workpiece. <P>SOLUTION: The press machine comprises a pair of a first die and a second die arranged so as to be opposed to each other. The superconductive coils connected to power sources respectively are mounted on the first die and the second die respectively such that their end faces in the axial direction are opposed to each other. The workpiece arranged between the opposed die surfaces is pressed by approaching the first die and the second die to each other by generating magnetic fluxes in the same direction by supplying current to the opposed superconductive coils, and also the first die and the second die are separated from each other by generating the magnetic flux in the opposed direction by changing the supply of the current to the opposed superconductive coils. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a superconducting press apparatus, and more specifically, presses a workpiece by bringing the opposed molds close to and away from each other using electromagnetic force generated by a superconducting coil.

2. Description of the Related Art Conventionally, many press devices that are generally used utilize hydraulic pressure as a drive source, and such a hydraulic press device is provided in Japanese Patent Application Laid-Open No. 2004-306045 (Patent Document 1) and the like. Yes.
However, the hydraulic press apparatus has a problem that the processing speed is not so fast because the press is performed several tens of times per minute. In addition, when the drive source is hydraulic, there is a problem that it is difficult to finely adjust the pressure applied to the press object.

JP 2004-306045 A

  The present invention has been made in view of the above problems, and by using a superconducting coil as a drive source of a press apparatus, the press process can be speeded up and fine adjustment of the pressurizing force on the press object can be performed. It is an issue.

In order to solve the above-mentioned problem, the present invention firstly is a press device provided with a pair of first and second molds arranged to face each other.
Superconducting coils connected to a power source are attached to the first type and the second type, respectively, with their end faces facing in the axial direction,
A magnetic flux in the same direction is generated by energizing the opposing superconducting coils to operate the first die and the second die close to each other to press the workpiece placed between the opposing die surfaces, and to face the opposing superconducting coils There is provided a superconducting press apparatus characterized in that the first die and the second die are separated from each other by switching energization to generate a magnetic flux in the opposite direction.

According to the above configuration, by energizing the superconducting coils provided in the first mold and the second mold, a magnetic flux in the same direction is generated in the superconducting coils, and an attractive force is generated in both the superconducting coils. It is set as the structure which presses the workpiece | work arrange | positioned between the type | mold surfaces which oppose the 2nd type | mold and adjoin.
On the other hand, after the pressing, the energization to the first-type or second-type superconducting coil is switched, and a current in the direction opposite to that during pressing is applied. Thus, the first type and the second type superconducting coils are caused to generate magnetic fluxes in opposite directions to generate a repulsive force between the superconducting coils, thereby separating the first type and the second type.
In this way, with the first mold and the second mold separated from each other, the workpiece after pressing is removed from between the mold surfaces, and the workpiece that has not yet been pressed is placed between the mold surfaces, and the same operation as described above is performed. To press the workpiece continuously.

As described above, in the first aspect of the present invention, since the drive source of the press device is not hydraulic but the current is supplied to the superconducting coil, the first type and the second type are moved toward and away from each other. It can be easily controlled by switching energization to the superconducting coil. Therefore, the processing speed of the press device can be increased only by increasing the switching speed of energization to the superconducting coil. Since the attractive force between the superconducting coils changes only by changing not only the processing speed of the press but also the amount of current supplied to the superconducting coils, it is possible to easily adjust the pressure applied to the workpiece.
Also, since the driving source of the press device is a superconducting coil capable of passing a large current, and the superconducting coil is provided in both the first type and the second type, a large attractive force is generated in both superconducting coils. The workpiece can be pressed with a large applied pressure. Further, by using a superconducting coil, the coil itself can be made smaller, and the press device can be made smaller.

The present invention is secondly a press device comprising a pair of a first mold and a second mold that are arranged opposite to each other and are separated from each other.
A superconducting coil connected to a power source is attached to one of the first type and the second type, and a permanent magnet is attached to the other.
And while making the central axis of the superconducting coil the same direction as the approaching and separating directions of the first type and the second type, the axial end face of the superconducting coil and the permanent magnet are arranged to face each other.
By energizing the superconducting coil, a magnetic flux in the same direction as the magnetic flux direction of the permanent magnet is generated, the first die and the second die are operated close to each other, and the work placed between the first die and the second die is pressed. In addition, a superconducting press apparatus is provided, wherein the first and second molds are separated from each other by switching the energization to the superconducting coil to generate a magnetic flux in a direction opposite to the magnetic flux direction of the permanent magnet. ing.

According to the above configuration, by energizing the superconducting coil provided in one mold, a magnetic flux in the same direction as the permanent magnet provided in the other mold is generated in the superconducting coil, and an attractive force is applied to the superconducting coil and the permanent magnet. Is generated, the first mold and the second mold are operated close to each other, and the workpiece placed between the opposed mold surfaces is pressed.
On the other hand, after the pressing, the energization to the superconducting coil is switched, and a current in the direction opposite to that during pressing is applied. Thus, a magnetic flux in the direction opposite to the permanent magnet is generated in the superconducting coil to generate a repulsive force between the superconducting coil and the permanent magnet, thereby separating the first type and the second type.

As described above, also in the second aspect of the present invention, the first type and the second type of driving source for pressing the work are performed not by hydraulic pressure but by supplying current to the superconducting coil. The two types of approaching / separating operations, press processing speed, and pressure applied to the workpiece can be easily controlled by switching energization to the superconducting coil.
Moreover, since only a permanent magnet is arrange | positioned in any one of a 1st type | mold and a 2nd type | mold, the structure of a press apparatus can be simplified more.

The first mold and the second mold are opposed to each other vertically and horizontally, and
One is fixed and the other is movable, or both are movable.

When the first mold and the second mold are vertically opposed, the work is placed on the mold surface of the mold placed on the lower side and pressed, and the first mold and the second mold are separated after pressing. The workpiece is removed from the mold surface of the lower mold.
On the other hand, when the first mold and the second mold are opposed to the left and right, after pressing the work, when the first mold and the second mold are separated from each other, the pressed work naturally falls downward, Removal from the work mold can be facilitated.
In addition, when one of the first mold and the second mold is a fixed mold, only the other mold is moved, so that the structure of the press device can be simplified. On the other hand, when both the first mold and the second mold are movable, the moving range of the movable mold can be reduced as compared with the case where one mold is a fixed mold, so that the processing speed can be further increased.

The superconducting coil is provided in a cooling container, and the cooling container is fixed to the first type and / or the second type.
The superconducting coil may be cooled to the required cryogenic temperature by supplying a coolant such as liquid nitrogen to the cooling container. However, when the cooling container is attached to the movable type, the cooling container also moves with the movable type. Therefore, it is preferable to cool the superconducting coil accommodated in the cooling container by bringing the cold head of the cooler into contact therewith.

The superconducting coil is connected to a power source via an energization amount control means so that the press speed can be adjusted.
As described above, in the present invention, the first type and the second type are brought close to and away from each other by utilizing the attractive force / repulsive force between the superconducting coils or between the superconducting coil and the permanent magnet. The press speed can be easily adjusted simply by changing the amount and the switching speed of energization.

The first mold is a fixed mold, the second mold is a movable mold supported on the upper part of the first mold so as to be movable up and down,
Fixing cooling containers containing the superconducting coils respectively on the opposite surfaces of the first type and the second type;
The inner diameter of the superconducting coil is 50 to 1000 mm, the outer diameter is 100 to 1500 mm, the coil height is 50 to 350 mm, the distance between the initial coils at the separation position or the distance between the superconducting coil and the permanent magnet is 50 to 1500 mm, and the operating current is 50. It is preferable that the electromagnetic force generated is set to 20000 to 1100000 kgf.

  As described above, in the pressing device of the present invention, the size of the superconducting coil, the distance between the initial coils or the distance between the superconducting coil and the permanent magnet at the separation position of the first mold and the second mold, the value of the current flowing through the superconducting coil. Is set within the above range, the generated electromagnetic force can be set to 20000 to 1100000 kgf. That is, even if the superconducting press device has the same shape, it is possible to make various superconducting press devices having a pressing force according to the application by changing the superconducting coil attached to the mold, thereby enhancing the versatility of the superconducting press device. be able to.

The opposing surfaces of the first mold and the second mold may be flat surfaces or uneven surfaces.
Moreover, it is good also as a structure which makes it possible to attach a separate type | mold to the opposing surface of a 1st type | mold and a 2nd type | mold, and attach the type | mold with a required shape according to the form of a press. If it is set as the structure which attaches a separate type | mold, it can respond to various press with one superconducting press apparatus, and can improve the versatility of a press apparatus.

  As described above, according to the present invention, the drive source of the press device is not hydraulic, but a magnetic force generated by energizing a superconducting coil, so that the first and second types of approaching / separating operations are superconducting. It can be easily controlled by switching energization to the coil. Therefore, the processing speed of the press device can be increased only by increasing the switching speed of energization to the superconducting coil. Not only the processing speed of the press but also the amount of energization to the superconducting coil can be changed to change the attractive force between the superconducting coils or between the superconducting coil and the permanent magnet, facilitating fine adjustment of the pressure applied to the workpiece. it can.

  Also, if superconducting coils capable of passing a large current are attached to both the first type and the second type, it is possible to generate a large attractive force in both superconducting coils and press the workpiece with a large pressure. be able to. Further, by using a superconducting coil, the coil itself can be made smaller, and the press device can be made smaller.

Embodiments of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIGS. 1 to 5 show a first embodiment of the present invention, in which the superconducting press apparatus 10 has a suction force and a repulsive force generated in superconducting coils attached to a first die 20 and a second die 30 that are arranged opposite to each other. The first mold 20 and the second mold 30 are brought close to and away from each other, and the work 50 disposed between the first mold 20 and the second mold 30 is pressed.

As shown in FIG. 1, the superconducting press apparatus 10 connects a stopper 11 and a pedestal 12 that are vertically opposed to each other by a guide bar 13, attaches a first mold 20 on the pedestal 12, and attaches a second mold to the guide bar 13. The first mold 20 and the second mold 30 are arranged so as to face each other in the vertical direction.
The stopper 11 and the pedestal 12 are both cylindrical, and the lower surface of the stopper 11 and the upper surface of the pedestal 12 are connected by a plurality of guide bars 13 extending in the vertical direction. The guide bars 13 are arranged at intervals in the circumferential direction of the stopper 11 and the pedestal 12, and four guide bars 13 are provided in this embodiment.

The first mold 20 is a fixed mold fixed on the pedestal 12, and the flat upper surface is a press surface. A cooling vessel 21 made of a heat insulating material is embedded inside the first mold, and a superconducting coil 22 is accommodated in the cooling vessel 21 so that the axial direction is vertical.
The superconducting coil 22 is a bismuth-based superconducting wire, and is a double pancake coil having an inner diameter of 80 mm, an outer diameter of 400 mm, a height of 144 mm, and a winding number of 17067 turns, and both ends of the superconducting wire forming the superconducting coil 22 are connected via lead wires 23. Are connected to the power supply 40 respectively.
Further, a cooler 24 for cooling the superconducting coil is attached to the outer surface of the bottom wall of the cooling container 21, and the cold head 25 of the cooler 24 is extended into the cooling container 21, and the tip thereof is brought into contact with the superconducting coil 22. ing.

On the other hand, the second mold 30 has an upper portion as a large diameter portion 30a, a step portion provided at the center in the vertical direction of the outer peripheral surface, and a lower portion as a small diameter portion 30b having a smaller diameter than the upper portion. The guide rod 13 is passed through the through hole 30c of the large-diameter portion 30a of the second die 30, and the second die 30 is slidably attached to the guide rod 13 along the outer peripheral surface of the small-diameter portion 30b. It is said. Further, the lower surface of the second mold 30 is a flat surface to be a press surface.
Like the first mold 20, a cooling container 31 made of a heat insulating material is embedded in the second mold 30, and the superconducting coil 32 is accommodated in the cooling container 31 so that the axial direction is vertical. The end surfaces in the axial direction of the superconducting coil 22 of the first mold 20 and the superconducting coil 32 of the second mold 30 are opposed to each other.
The superconducting coil 32 is the same as the superconducting coil 22 of the first mold 20, and both ends of the superconducting wire forming the superconducting coil 32 are connected to the power supply 40 via lead wires 33, respectively.
A cooler 34 is attached to the outer surface of the upper wall of the cooling container 31, and the cold head 35 of the cooler 34 is extended into the cooling container 31 so that the tip thereof is in contact with the superconducting coil 32.

  The power supply 40 connected to the superconducting coils 22 and 32 via lead wires 23 and 33 is provided with energization amount control means, and the superconducting coils 22 and 32 are energized at any timing by the energization amount control means. It is possible to control the value of the energization amount and the energization direction at that time.

Next, a method for using the superconducting press apparatus 10 will be described.
First, the movable second mold 30 is arranged at a position spaced apart from the first mold 20, and the workpiece 50 to be pressed is arranged on the upper surface of the first mold 20.
Next, the superconducting coil 22 of the first mold 20 and the superconducting coil 32 of the second mold 30 cooled to a cryogenic temperature by the coolers 24 and 34 are energized from the power source 40, and as indicated by arrows in FIG. A magnetic flux in the same direction is generated in the superconducting coils 22 and 32 to generate an attractive force. Due to this suction force, the movable second mold 30 is sucked and moved toward the first mold 20, and the work 50 disposed on the upper surface of the first mold 20 is moved to the first mold 20 as shown in FIG. Press with the upper surface of 20 and the lower surface of the second mold.
After pressing, a current in the reverse direction is supplied from one of the power sources 40 to one of the superconducting coil 22 of the first mold 20 and the superconducting coil 32 of the second mold 30, and as shown in FIG. Magnetic fluxes in opposite directions are generated in 22 and 32 to generate a repulsive force. Due to this repulsive force, the second mold 30 moves upward away from the first mold 20 as shown in FIG.

The electromagnetic force (Fx (kgf)) acting between the coils by energizing the superconducting coil is
Fx = ∂Es / ∂x
(Es is energy generated by energizing the superconducting coil, and x is the distance between the two coils).
The Es is
^{_{Es = L 1 I 1 2/}} 2 ± MI 1 I 2 + L 2 I 2 2/2
(L ₁ is the inductance of the first type superconducting coil, L ₂ is the inductance of the second type superconducting coil, I ₁ is the current flowing through the first type superconducting coil, and I ₂ is the second type superconducting coil. The energization current to the superconducting coil, M is the mutual inductance of both coils (a function of the distance x between the two coils)).
Therefore,
Fx = ± I ₁ I ₂ · ∂M / ∂x
It is represented by
For example, if the superconducting coil has an inner diameter, an outer diameter, a height, the number of turns, a distance between the coils, and a current value to be energized as shown in the table of FIG. 5, a predetermined electromagnetic force is generated.
As is clear from FIG. 5, the electromagnetic force generated increases as the distance between the coils decreases under the same conditions. Therefore, when pressing the workpiece, initially, a large current is applied, while the current value to be applied is reduced as the distance between the coils is reduced, and the energizing amount control means controls the generated electromagnetic force to be constant. It is preferable.

According to the said structure, since the drive source of the press apparatus 10 is not by hydraulic pressure but by supplying electric current to the superconducting coils 22 and 32, the first mold 20 and the second mold 30 are moved close to and away from each other. Control can be easily performed by switching energization to the superconducting coils 22 and 32. Therefore, the processing speed of the press device can be increased only by increasing the switching speed of energization to the superconducting coils 22 and 32. Furthermore, since the attractive force between the superconducting coils 22 and 32 is changed only by changing the energization amount to the superconducting coils 22 and 32, delicate adjustment of the pressure applied to the workpiece 50 can be facilitated.
In addition, since the superconducting coils capable of supplying a large current to both the first mold 20 and the second mold 30 are provided, it is possible to generate a large attractive force in both the superconducting coils, with a large applied pressure. The workpiece can be pressed. Further, by using a superconducting coil, the coil itself can be made smaller, and the press device can be made smaller.
In the present embodiment, the press surfaces of the first die and the second die are flat surfaces, but they may be uneven surfaces. Separate molds having uneven surfaces are attached to the first die and the second die. Also good.
In the present embodiment, the pair of the first type and the second type is used. However, a plurality of second types that are movable types may be provided and may be configured to approach and separate from the first type individually.

FIG. 6 shows a second embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, a permanent magnet 36 is embedded in the second mold 30 that is a movable body instead of the superconducting coil, and the permanent magnet 36 is disposed opposite to the superconducting coil 22 of the first mold 20.

When pressing a work placed on the first die 20, the superconducting coil 22 is energized to generate a magnetic flux in the same direction as the magnetic flux of the permanent magnet 36 by energizing the superconducting coil 22 of the first die 20. An attraction force is generated between 22 and the permanent magnet 36, and the second mold 30 is moved to the first mold 20 side.
After pressing, a current in the reverse direction is supplied from the power source 40 to the superconducting coil 22 of the first mold 20 to generate a magnetic flux in the reverse direction in the superconducting coil 22 and the permanent magnet 36, thereby generating a repulsive force. Due to this repulsive force, the second mold 30 moves upward away from the first mold 20.

Even in the above-described configuration, the pressing device is operated by supplying a current to the superconducting coil. Therefore, the first and second molds are moved toward and away from each other, the press processing speed, and the pressure applied to the workpiece are applied to the superconducting coil. It can be easily controlled by switching the energization.
In addition, since the permanent magnet 36 is only disposed in the second mold that is a movable mold, the structure of the pressing device can be further simplified.
In this embodiment, the permanent magnet is attached to the movable mold side, but the permanent magnet may be attached to the fixed mold and the superconducting coil may be attached to the movable mold.
In addition, since other configurations and operational effects are the same as those of the first embodiment, the same reference numerals are given and description thereof is omitted.

7 and 8 show a third embodiment of the present invention.
In the present embodiment, both the first mold 20 and the second mold 30 are movable, and the first mold 20 is configured in the same manner as the second mold 30 of the first embodiment so that it can move along the guide bar 13. Yes.

The superconducting coil 22 of the first mold 20 and the superconducting coil 32 of the second mold 30 are energized from the power source 40 to generate magnetic fluxes in the same direction in the superconducting coils 22 and 32 as indicated by arrows in FIG. , Generate a suction force. Due to this suction force, the first mold 20 and the second mold 30 both move in the direction of approaching, and the workpiece 50 disposed between the mold surfaces of the first mold 20 and the second mold 30 is moved to the upper surface of the first mold 20 and the first mold 20. Press with the bottom of two molds.
After the pressing, a current in the reverse direction is supplied from one of the power sources 40 to one of the superconducting coil 22 of the first mold 20 and the superconducting coil 32 of the second mold 30, and as shown in FIG. Magnetic fluxes in opposite directions are generated in 22 and 32 to generate a repulsive force. Due to this repulsive force, both the first mold 20 and the second mold 30 move away from each other.
In this embodiment, the superconducting coil is attached to both of the movable types. However, as in the second embodiment, the superconducting coil may be attached to one movable body, and the permanent magnet may be attached to the other movable body.

FIG. 9 shows a fourth embodiment of the present invention.
The present embodiment is different from the above-described embodiment in that the first mold 20 and the second mold 30 are opposed to each other in the left-right direction instead of the up-down direction.
The superconducting press device 60 of the present embodiment includes a holding member 61 including both side walls 61b and 61c facing the bottom wall 61a in the left-right direction, and a plurality of guide shafts 63 are bridged between the side walls 61b and 61c. The first mold 20 similar to the first embodiment is fixed to the inner surface of one side wall 61b, and the second mold 30 similar to the first embodiment is slidably attached to the guide shaft 63. The press surface of the first mold 20 and the press surface of the second mold 30 are opposed to each other.

Similar to the above embodiment, when a magnetic flux in the same direction is generated in the superconducting coil 22 of the first die 20 and the superconducting coil 32 of the second die 30, the second die 30 moves to the first die 20 side and presses. When the magnetic flux in the reverse direction is generated in the superconducting coils 22 and 32, the second mold 30 moves in the direction away from the first mold 20.
In this embodiment, the superconducting coil is attached to both the first mold and the second mold. However, as in the second embodiment, the superconducting coil is attached to one mold and the permanent magnet is attached to the other mold. May be.

FIG. 10 shows a fifth embodiment of the present invention.
In this embodiment, the rolling rolls 71 and 72 are attached to the press surface sides of the first die 20 and the second die 30 that are opposed to each other vertically.
By energizing the superconducting coil 22 of the first mold 20 and the superconducting coil 32 of the second mold 30, the second mold 30 is arranged at a required position with respect to the first mold 20, and the rolling rolls 71 and 72 are rotated. Then, a work (not shown) is pressed between the rolling rolls 71 and 72.
In addition, since another structure and an effect are the same as that of 1st Embodiment, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected and description is abbreviate | omitted.

It is a perspective view which shows the superconducting press apparatus of 1st Embodiment of this invention. It is sectional drawing of a superconducting press apparatus. (A) (B) is drawing which shows the press action | operation of a superconducting press apparatus. (A) (B) is drawing which shows the operation | movement which cancels the press of a superconducting press apparatus. It is drawing which shows the magnitude | size of the electromagnetic force produced with a superconducting press apparatus. It is sectional drawing which shows the superconducting press apparatus of 2nd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the superconducting press apparatus of 3rd Embodiment. (A) (B) is drawing which shows the action | operation of the superconducting press apparatus of 3rd Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the superconducting press apparatus of 4th Embodiment. It is sectional drawing which shows the superconducting press apparatus of 5th Embodiment.

Explanation of symbols

10, 60, 70 Superconducting press 20 First mold 21, 31 Cooling vessel 22, 32 Superconducting coil 30 Second mold 36 Permanent magnet

Claims (6)

A press device provided with a pair of first and second molds arranged to face each other,
Superconducting coils connected to a power source are attached to the first type and the second type, respectively, with their end faces facing in the axial direction,
A magnetic flux in the same direction is generated by energizing the opposing superconducting coils to operate the first die and the second die close to each other to press the workpiece placed between the opposing die surfaces, and to face the opposing superconducting coils A superconducting press apparatus characterized in that the first mold and the second mold are separated from each other by switching energization to generate a magnetic flux in the opposite direction. A press device provided with a pair of first mold and second mold that are disposed opposite to each other and are separated from each other,
A superconducting coil connected to a power source is attached to one of the first type and the second type, and a permanent magnet is attached to the other.
And while making the central axis of the superconducting coil the same direction as the approaching and separating directions of the first type and the second type, the axial end face of the superconducting coil and the permanent magnet are arranged to face each other.
By energizing the superconducting coil, a magnetic flux in the same direction as the magnetic flux direction of the permanent magnet is generated, the first die and the second die are operated close to each other, and the work placed between the first die and the second die is pressed. In addition, the superconducting press apparatus is configured to switch the energization to the superconducting coil to generate a magnetic flux in a direction opposite to the magnetic flux direction of the permanent magnet to separate the first mold from the second mold. The first mold and the second mold are opposed to each other vertically and horizontally, and
The superconducting press apparatus according to claim 1 or 2, wherein one is a fixed mold and the other is a movable mold, or both are movable molds.   The superconducting press apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the superconducting coil is provided in a cooling container, and the cooling container is fixed to the first mold and / or the second mold.   The superconducting press device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, wherein the superconducting coil is connected to a power source via an energization amount control means so that the press speed can be adjusted. The first mold is a fixed mold, the second mold is a movable mold supported on the upper part of the first mold so as to be movable up and down,
Fixing cooling containers containing the superconducting coils respectively on the opposite surfaces of the first type and the second type;
The inner diameter of the superconducting coil is 50 to 1000 mm, the outer diameter is 100 to 1500 mm, the coil height is 50 to 350 mm, the distance between the initial coils at the separation position or the distance between the superconducting coil and the permanent magnet is 50 to 1500 mm, and the operating current is 50. The superconducting press apparatus according to any one of claims 1 to 5, wherein the electromagnetic force generated is set to 20000 to 1100000 kgf.

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