JP2008013875A - Spun yarn - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a spun yarn from which a woven or knitted fabric excellent in color development and dyed color fastness can be produced. <P>SOLUTION: This spun yarn comprising concentric sheath-core conjugated fibers which contain polyethylene terephthalate in core portions and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) in sheath portions and have a single filament fineness of ≤2.0 dtex. The spun yarns can impart an excellent color-developing property to woven or knitted fabrics, because the conjugated fibers containing PBT capable of efficiently adsorbing disperse dyes in the sheath portions are used. PBT little releases a once adsorbed dye, because PBT is highly crystalline, and improves the dyed color fastness of the woven or knitted fabrics. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

The present invention relates to a spun yarn comprising a concentric core-sheath type composite fiber.

  Conventionally, polyethylene terephthalate (PET) fibers have been used as clothing and material fibers. Since PET fibers are inexpensive and excellent in performance, they are used not only as long fibers but also as short fibers. Particularly, spun yarns blended with cotton are widely used as clothing fibers.

  However, since the PET fiber generally has a high Young's modulus, not only the texture of the woven or knitted fabric is poor but also pilling may occur. Further, a woven or knitted fabric made of PET fiber has a problem that it is difficult to use it for automobile interior materials or interior members because of relatively poor coloring and dyeing fastness.

In order to solve such a problem, Patent Document 1 proposes a dark-colored polyester fabric that contains 80% by weight or more of dyed polyester fiber and whose surface is coated with an aqueous resin.
JP 2003-003372 A

  However, the fabrics described in the above-mentioned patent documents have a problem that in addition to being able to exhibit a deep color deeper than black and excellent dyeing fastness, the use is limited to the clothing field.

  The present invention solves the above-mentioned drawbacks of the prior art, and an object of the present invention is to provide a spun yarn capable of producing a woven or knitted fabric excellent in color development and dyeing fastness.

  The inventors of the present invention have arrived at the present invention as a result of intensive studies to solve the above problems.

  That is, the present invention provides a concentric core-sheath type composite fiber in which polyethylene terephthalate (PET) is arranged in the core and polybutylene terephthalate (PBT) is arranged in the sheath, and the single yarn fineness is 2.0 dtex or less. The main point is a spun yarn characterized by comprising

  Since the spun yarn of the present invention uses a composite fiber in which PBT capable of efficiently adsorbing disperse dyes is arranged in the sheath, it can impart excellent color development to the woven or knitted fabric. Since PBT has high crystallinity, the dye once adsorbed is hardly released, and the dyeing fastness of the woven or knitted fabric is improved. PBT has a low Young's modulus and can give a soft feeling to the woven or knitted fabric. However, since the composite fiber is further provided with PET having a high Young's modulus at the core, the woven or knitted fabric also has dimensional stability. It will be excellent. If the density and structure are appropriately set using the spun yarn of the present invention, the anti-pilling property and wear resistance of the woven or knitted fabric can be improved.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail.

  The spun yarn of the present invention comprises a concentric core-sheath type composite fiber in which PET is disposed in the core portion and PBT is disposed in the sheath portion.

  The PET in the present invention may be either a homopolymer or a copolymer. Examples of the copolymer component in the case of the copolymer include isophthalic acid, 5-sulfoisophthalic acid, and diethylene glycol. Moreover, the additive may be contained in PET. Additives include heat stabilizers, crystallization nucleating agents, matting agents, pigments, light proofing agents, weathering agents, lubricants, antioxidants, antibacterial agents, fragrances, flame retardants, surface modifiers, electrolyte agents, etc. It is done.

  On the other hand, PBT may be either a homopolymer or a copolymer as in the case of the polyethylene terephthalate, and the same components as described above can be used as the copolymerization component and additive.

  The composite fiber in the present invention has a concentric core-sheath structure in which the polyethylene terephthalate is disposed in the core and polybutylene terephthalate is disposed in the sheath. If this concentric core-sheath type is adopted as the structure of the composite fiber, it will not only be able to reduce troubles such as yarn breakage and pull-in in the spinning process, but in the card process which is a part of the spinning process, there will be a coil spring-like crimp. Since it becomes difficult to express, the occurrence of nep can be suppressed.

  The cross-sectional shape of the composite fiber is not particularly limited, and may be a hollow shape such as a macaroni shape in addition to a circular shape, an elliptical shape, a triangular shape, a quadrangular shape, or the like, but a circular shape is usually preferable.

  Moreover, the single yarn fineness of the composite fiber needs to be 2.0 dtex or less, preferably 0.5 to 1.9 dtex, and particularly preferably 1.1 to 1.7 dtex. When the single yarn fineness exceeds 2.0 dtex, the texture of the woven or knitted fabric becomes hard.

  Further, the thickness (count) of the spun yarn of the present invention is not particularly limited, and in particular, in order to obtain a spun yarn of a class thinner than the 80th count, a composite fiber of 1.1 to 1.7 dtex is used. preferable.

  The spun yarn of the present invention is most preferably an embodiment composed only of the above-described composite fiber, but fibers other than the above-described composite fiber may be contained within a range not impairing the effects of the present invention. The fiber other than the composite fiber is not particularly limited, and examples thereof include cotton, wool, bamboo, viscose rayon, solvent-spun cellulose fiber, polyethylene terephthalate, polylactic acid, and nylon. Among them, if cotton, wool, or solvent-spun cellulose fiber is used, a soft texture and anti-pilling property can be imparted to the woven or knitted fabric. Particularly, if solvent-spun cellulose fiber is used, moisture retention is also imparted to the woven or knitted fabric. be able to. In addition, the preferable single yarn fineness of the solvent-spun cellulose fiber is 1.1 to 3.3 dtex.

  Next, a method for producing the spun yarn of the present invention will be described.

  First, using a concentric core-sheath composite spinning apparatus, melt spinning is performed while arranging PET in the core and PBT in the sheath. And after converging as a tow of several hundred thousand to two million dtex without stretching, it is heat-stretched, subjected to mechanical crimping with a crimper, and cut into a predetermined fiber length to obtain short fibers. Next, the spun yarn of the present invention is obtained by spinning the obtained short fibers.

  Since the spun yarn of the present invention uses a composite fiber in which PBT capable of efficiently adsorbing disperse dyes is arranged in the sheath, the woven or knitted fabric exhibits excellent color development. Since PBT has high crystallinity, the dye once adsorbed is hardly released, and the dyeing fastness of the woven or knitted fabric is also improved. In addition, PBT has a low Young's modulus so that the texture of the woven or knitted fabric can be made soft. However, since the composite fiber is further provided with PET having a high Young's modulus in the core, the woven or knitted fabric has improved dimensional stability. Will also be excellent. If the density and structure are appropriately set using the spun yarn of the present invention, the anti-pilling property and wear resistance of the woven or knitted fabric can be improved.

  The spun yarn of the present invention exhibits the above effects. Woven and knitted fabrics made from this spun yarn are capable of deep dyeing, are less shrinkable even after washing, have excellent pleatability, and have stretchability and backability, making them suitable for use in uniforms that emphasize functionality. Can be used.

  First, a PET chip having a relative viscosity of 1.38 and a melting point of 255 ° C. and a PBT chip having a relative viscosity of 1.64 and a melting point of 218 ° C. were dried under reduced pressure. Here, the relative viscosity of the chip was measured at a sample concentration of 0.5 g / dL and a temperature of 20 ° C. using an equal mass mixture of phenol and ethane tetrachloride as a solvent. Moreover, melting | fusing point of the chip | tip was measured at the temperature increase rate of 20 degree-C / min using the Perkin-Elmer Inc. scanning scanning calorimeter "DSC-2 type".

  Thereafter, using a normal concentric core-sheath composite spinning apparatus, PET is arranged in the core part and PBT is arranged in the sheath part so that the mass ratio becomes 1: 1, and the spinning temperature is 280 ° C., the number of spinning holes is 265, The melt spinning was performed at a total discharge amount of 230 g / min, and after cooling, the undrawn yarn was obtained at a speed of 1000 m / min.

  Then, the undrawn yarn was bundled and made into a 110,000 dtex tow, and then heat-drawn at a draw ratio of 3.4 and a draw temperature of 60 ° C., and further heat-treated with a 120 ° C. heat drum. Next, after crimping using a push-in clamper, the fiber was cut into a length of 51 mm to obtain a short fiber having a single yarn fineness of 1.7 dtex, a tensile strength of 4.7 g / dtex, and an elongation of 38%. The tensile strength was measured according to JIS L1015.8.7.1.

  The obtained short fibers were carded and then spun to obtain 60th spun yarn of the present invention.

  Next, using the obtained spun yarn, weaving a green machine with a warp density of 103 / 2.54 cm, a weft density of 87 / 2.54 cm, and a width of 90 cm, and using a high-pressure beam dyeing machine, A fabric was obtained by dyeing with a dye solution containing an agent at 130 ° C. for 1 hour.

The obtained woven fabric was excellent in color developability and dyeing fastness and had a soft texture.

Claims (1)

A spun yarn comprising a concentric core-sheath type composite fiber in which polyethylene terephthalate is arranged in a core part and polybutylene terephthalate is arranged in a sheath part, and the single yarn fineness is 2.0 dtex or less.