JP2008007541A - Coke extrusion method and coke manufacturing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To provide a coke extrusion method that exactly lessens an extrusion load thereby to reduce damages of a coke oven wall when a coke lump is extruded from a carbonization chamber of a coke oven, and a coke manufacturing method. <P>SOLUTION: The coke extrusion method comprises monitoring extrusion force during extrusion when the coke lump 11 in the carbonization chamber 10 in the coke oven is extruded from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion apparatus 20 and extruding the coke lump while applying oscillation thereto from the back surface by an oscillator 23 when the extrusion force is at least 40% of the maximum extrusion force. It is preferable that the coke lump is extruded with oscillation applied when the extrusion force is at least 20% of the maximum extrusion force, that the extrusion force is monitored by measuring the load current value of the driving force of the extrusion apparatus, and that application of oscillation is terminated when the extrusion force falls below the predetermined value after application of oscillation. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention has a heat storage chamber at the lower part of the furnace body, and in the chamber furnace type coke oven in which combustion chambers and carbonization chambers are alternately arranged at the upper part, coke produced by dry distillation in the carbonization chamber is obtained. The present invention relates to a coke extrusion method and a coke production method for extruding from a coke.

  In the coke oven, when coke (coke lump) produced by carbonizing coal in the carbonization chamber is extruded from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion device, the coke is clogged in the carbonization chamber, resulting in an increase in the extrusion load. As a result, a large force acts on the furnace wall of the coke oven carbonization chamber, and the furnace wall may be damaged. If the clogging is severe, the furnace wall will be destroyed, or it will be impossible to extrude coke with an extrusion device, and the coke must be scraped out manually after the furnace temperature has been lowered. When clogging occurs in this way, the repair cost of the furnace wall increases, and the production volume is inevitably reduced by stopping the furnace.

  In order to solve such problems, the following techniques have been proposed as techniques for reducing the extrusion load and preventing damage to the furnace wall.

  For example, when repairing the bottom brick in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven, the dry powder coke is placed in the carbonization chamber, and the dry powder coke fills the recesses on the surface of the bottom brick and flattens it. There is a method of reducing the friction between the lump and the furnace bottom (for example, see Patent Document 1).

Further, prior to charging the raw coal to the carbonization chamber, the particulate refractory material (5mm or less) (such as graphite or Si ₃ N ₄₎ leave spread the beveled furnace bottom, lump coke and the oven during coke extrusion There is also a technique of reducing the friction between the bottoms and consequently preventing the furnace wall damage (see, for example, Patent Document 2).
JP 59-187082 A JP-A-8-120278

  However, the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 have a problem that they cannot be sufficiently reduced in pushing load.

  That is, both of the techniques described in Patent Documents 1 and 2 are intended to reduce the frictional force between the coke lump and the carbonization chamber furnace bottom. The main cause of the increase is not the frictional force between the coke mass and the bottom of the coking chamber, but when the coke mass is extruded using an extrusion device, the coke mass pushed by the ram head of the extrusion device deforms and collapses This is because the frictional force between the coke lump and the carbonization chamber side wall is increased by spreading in the horizontal direction perpendicular to the extrusion direction.

  The present invention has been made in view of the above circumstances, and when extruding a coke lump from a coking chamber of a coke oven, the coke oven can accurately reduce the extrusion load and reduce the damage to the coke oven wall. The object is to provide an extrusion method and a coke production method.

The features of the present invention for solving such problems are as follows.
(1) When extruding the coke lump in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion device, the extrusion force during extrusion is monitored, and the extrusion force is at least 40% or more of the maximum extrusion force. A method for extruding coke, wherein the coke mass is extruded while applying vibration.
(2) The coke extrusion method according to (1), wherein when the extrusion force is 20% or more of the maximum extrusion force, the coke mass is extruded while being vibrated.
(3) The coke pushing method according to (1) or (2), wherein the pushing force is monitored by measuring a load current value of a driving device of the pushing device.
(4) According to any one of (1) to (3), the application of vibration is stopped when the extrusion force after application of vibration is less than the extrusion force at the start of application of vibration. Coke extrusion method.
(5) The extrusion device has a ram head for pressing the coke lump against the coke lump to extrude the coke lump from the carbonization chamber, and the coke lump is vibrated by vibrating the ram head. The coke extrusion method according to any one of (4).
(6) The coke extrusion method according to any one of (1) to (5), wherein a vibration including at least an extrusion direction component is applied as a vibration direction.
(7) The coke extrusion method according to any one of (1) to (6), wherein vibration including one or more types of frequency components of 2 Hz to 100 Hz is applied.
(8) The coke extrusion method according to any one of (1) to (7), wherein vibration having a waveform including one or more types of sine waves is applied.
(9) The coke extrusion method according to any one of (1) to (8), wherein vibration having a vibration level of an acceleration level of 0.5G to 10G is applied.
(10) A coke production method comprising extruding a coke mass from a carbonization chamber using the coke extrusion method according to any one of (1) to (9).

  ADVANTAGE OF THE INVENTION According to this invention, the extrusion load at the time of extruding a coke lump from the carbonization chamber of a coke oven can be reduced. Thereby, damage to the furnace wall of the coke oven can be reduced, and the life of the furnace wall can be extended. Further, since the occurrence of clogging can be prevented, operation delay is avoided and productivity is improved. In addition, the extrusion load (for example, the maximum load current value of the extrusion ram drive unit) can be maintained within the control level regardless of the volatile content of the blended coal, the expansion pressure of the blended coal, and the blending amount of the high expansion pressure coal. Charcoal management becomes very easy. Accordingly, the amount of low-cost coal with high volatile content, low volatile content, or high expansion pressure can be increased, so that the cost of coke production can be reduced.

  In the present invention, the extrusion load is reduced by extruding from the carbonization chamber while applying vibration to the coke mass, which is a mass of coke produced by dry distillation of coal charged into the carbonization chamber of the coke oven. By applying vibration to the coke mass, the friction between the coke mass and the carbonization chamber furnace wall is changed from static friction to dynamic friction, thereby reducing the friction coefficient, thereby reducing the extrusion load. It is effective to apply such vibration to the coke mass when it is likely that clogging is likely to occur and the extrusion force is expected to increase.

  In addition, the coke lump said by this invention refers to the whole coke in a carbonization chamber, and does not mean only the block-shaped coke part which coke fixed. Coke cracks in the process of being cooled in the furnace, but in the extrusion process, the cokes come into close contact with each other and can transmit vibrations throughout the coke as a single unit, so the entire coke is fixed. Thus, it is not necessary to have an integrated block shape.

  First, an embodiment for imparting vibration to a coke mass will be described with reference to the drawings.

  FIG. 1 is an explanatory view showing a longitudinal section of the coke lump and the extrusion device in the coke oven carbonization chamber in the extrusion direction, and FIG. 2 is a perspective view showing an example of the coke extrusion device.

  In FIG. 1, reference numeral 10 denotes a coking chamber of a coke oven, in which a coke lump 11 is generated. 1 and 2, reference numeral 20 denotes a coke extrusion device, which includes an extrusion ram 21, an extrusion ram driving device (not shown), and a ram head 22 provided at the tip of the extrusion ram 21. The pressing surface of the ram head 22 pressed against the coke lump 11 is divided into three pressing surfaces, that is, an upper pressing surface 22a, an intermediate pressing surface 22b, and a lower pressing surface 22c in the vertical direction, A vibration exciter 23 is attached to the extrusion ram 21 to vibrate the intermediate pressing surface 22b having the largest pressing area through the vibration rod 24 in the pushing direction.

  The procedure in the case of extruding the coke lump 11 from the carbonization chamber 10 using the coke extrusion apparatus 20 configured as described above is shown in the following (a) to (c).

  (A) First, as shown in FIG. 1, the pushing ram 21 is operated from a state of waiting outside the carbonizing chamber 10, so that the pressing surfaces 22 a, 22 b, and 22 c of the ram head 22 are coke in the carbonizing chamber 10. The ram head 22 is pushed against the lump 11 and advanced in the direction of the white arrow in FIG.

  (B) Next, when the extrusion of the coke lump 11 is started, the intermediate pressing surface 22b is vibrated in the extruding direction (indicated by arrows in both directions in FIG. The ram head 22 is advanced while applying vibration.

  (C) When the entire coke lump 11 is pushed out from the carbonization chamber 10, the vibration of the intermediate pressing surface 22b is stopped, and the pushing ram 21 is moved backward to the initial standby position.

  By extruding the coke lump 11 as described above, the friction applied to the coke lump 11 changes the friction between the coke lump 11 and the furnace wall of the carbonization chamber 10 from static friction to dynamic friction. The coefficient decreases, thereby reducing the extrusion load. As a result, damage to the furnace wall can be suppressed, operation delay due to clogging can be avoided, and productivity can be increased.

  In the above, vibration was applied to the coke mass from the beginning to the end of extrusion, but when the load current value of the extrusion ram driving device was measured and the extrusion load (extrusion load) exceeded a predetermined value, the coke mass was When the vibration is applied to the lump 11 and the pushing load becomes smaller than a predetermined value, the application of the vibration may be stopped. Normally, the pushing load is maximized because the forward movement distance of the ram head 22 from the extrusion start position is 1 m to 1.5 m. If the forward movement distance of the ram head 22 exceeds 1.5 m, the coke lump 11 may be stopped from applying vibration.

  As the vibration direction of the ram head, any of the vertical direction and the extrusion direction of the furnace can be used as long as vibration can be applied to the entire coke mass. However, it is difficult to reliably transmit vibration from the ram head to the entire coke block, for example, vibrations mainly in the vertical direction of the furnace. is required. However, in this case, there is a high possibility that only the peripheral portion of the coke mass pierced with the protrusion of the ram head vibrates, and the coke mass of only that portion collapses, and it becomes difficult to transmit vibration to the entire coke mass. Furthermore, when the vibration direction in the vertical direction is mainly used, since it includes the direction in which the coke mass is lifted, the load on the shaker is large and the drive capability of the shaker needs to be increased.

  From the above, it is preferable that the vibration direction of the ram head is a vibration direction including a vibration component in the pushing direction because the structure of the ram head can be simplified and the driving capability of the vibration exciter can be reduced. More preferably, a vibration direction mainly including a vibration component in the pushing direction is more preferable. Of course, the vibration may be applied obliquely upward or obliquely downward.

  Further, in the above description, the vibration exciter 23 is connected only to the intermediate pressing surface 22b, but the pressing surface is also connected to the upper pressing surface 22a and the lower pressing surface 22c to vibrate and vibrate. One or more may be appropriately selected and vibrated. In addition, the pressing surface of the ram head 22 is divided into three parts, and the pressing area of the intermediate pressing surface 22b is maximized. The ratio should be selected. Of course, the pressing surface of the ram head 22 need not be divided.

  Furthermore, the frequency band of vibration is preferably a single frequency of 2 Hz to 100 Hz in terms of control, but two or more types of frequency components in this band may be included. Regular vibration or irregular vibration may be used. When the frequency band of vibration exceeds 100 Hz, the vibration amplitude decreases, so the effect of vibration on the coke mass decreases. More preferably, it is 60 Hz or less. In addition, when the frequency band of vibration is less than 2 Hz, it is necessary to increase the input energy to the shaker in order to obtain sufficient acceleration, and the effect of vibration given to the coke mass tends to be insufficient. In particular, 30 Hz to 60 Hz is preferable.

  The vibration waveform is not necessarily a sine wave, and may be a triangular wave, a rectangular wave, a waveform such as a continuous impulse wave, or a waveform in which they are mixed. Moreover, it is preferable to vibrate the ram head with a waveform including one or more types of sine waves.

Also, the acceleration level of vibration may be an acceleration level of 0.5 G or more in order to give effective vibration to the coke mass. Further, an acceleration level of 1G or more is more preferable. Moreover, it is preferable to set it as 10 G or less considering the mechanical strength of an extrusion apparatus. The acceleration level “G” is a gravitational acceleration of 1G = 9.8 m / s ² .

  The acceleration level can be measured by an arbitrary method. For example, an acceleration pickup signal attached to the vibration portion of the ram head can be obtained by converting it with a charge amplifier and recording it with a personal computer.

  Further, the vibration exciter is preferably a device that can arbitrarily adjust the frequency and the acceleration level, and a motor, hydraulic pressure, water pressure, or the like can be adopted as the driving method. However, for example, a vibro hammer or an air hammer can be used as a vibration mechanism that can be mounted in a narrow space from a high temperature load.

  The vibration application as described above can be performed in all cases where coke extrusion is performed, but it is effective to perform when the probability of occurrence of clogging is high.

  In coke oven operation, when extruding a coke lump that has been dry-distilled in the coke oven, the load on the extruder increases during the extrusion, and the clogging may not occur until the end. Clogging is a problem that should be avoided because it causes excessive contact between the furnace wall and coke and brick damage due to temperature drop during clogging. Clogging can be predicted by monitoring the extrusion force of the extrusion device.

  Therefore, in the present invention, when the coke lump in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven is extruded from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion device, the extrusion force during extrusion is monitored, and the extrusion force is at least 40% or more of the maximum extrusion force. In this case, the coke mass is extruded while applying vibration.

  The maximum pushing force is the pushing force when clogging occurs. Usually, from the viewpoint of protecting the furnace body, the pushing force is managed so that the operation is performed in the range of about 50% of the maximum pushing force. Extrusion while applying vibration to the coke mass can prevent the extrusion force from increasing, but even if the extrusion force exceeds 40% of the maximum extrusion force and vibration is applied, it is less effective and clogged. May not be prevented. Therefore, when the extrusion force is at least 40% of the maximum extrusion force, the extrusion is performed while applying vibration to the coke mass.

  On the other hand, in past operational experience, when the extrusion force is 25% or more of the maximum extrusion force, clogging occurs with a probability of about 6%. Accordingly, when the maximum pushing force is 20% or more, it is preferable to perform the extrusion while applying vibration to the coke mass, since the occurrence of clogging can be sufficiently prevented and the coke mass can be extruded.

  The pushing force can be measured as a load current value of a driving device of the pushing device. Accordingly, the load current value (push current) of the push ram driving device of the push device is measured, and when the push current becomes a predetermined value or more, vibration is applied to the coke mass.

  Continue to monitor the extrusion force after applying the vibration and complete the extrusion while applying the vibration, but stop applying the vibration if the extrusion force is less than the extrusion force at the start of applying the vibration. You may do it.

  In the chamber type coke oven, the coke extrusion apparatus 20 shown in FIGS. 1 and 2 was used for extrusion while applying vibration to the coke mass. From past operation data, it was found that clogging occurred when the pushing force was 588 kN (pushing current 180 A). The vibration is not applied from the beginning of the extrusion, but the extrusion force is monitored by measuring the extrusion current value at the time of extrusion, and the extrusion force becomes 206 kN or more (push-out current 63A), increasing to 35% of the maximum extrusion force. Performed in the state. When applying vibration, while pushing vibration (frequency 50 Hz, acceleration level 1 G, vibration excitation force 196 kN, sine wave) from the end face of the coke block to the coke block 11, an extrusion ram drive device (hydraulic cylinder) Extrusion was performed at a constant speed, and the measurement of the extrusion force (extrusion load) was continued. The ram head 22 is divided into the extrusion surfaces 22a, 22b, and 22c, and the extrusion surface 22b (1/2 of the entire area of the extrusion surface) can be vibrated, and is vibrated from the back by the vibrator 23. . In addition, the vibration machine 23 used the vibration motor (The eccentric weight was rotated at high speed). At the end of extrusion, vibration was stopped (vibration OFF).

  At that time, the pushing force was obtained by converting the signal of the load cell attached to the ram head 22 with a strain amplifier and recording it with a measuring instrument (personal computer). The acceleration level is converted by the charge amplifier (B & K Charge Amplifier Model Type 2635) from the signal of the acceleration pickup (B & K Piezoelectric Charge Accelerometer Model Number 4383) attached to the vibration part (extrusion surface 22b) of the ram head 22. And recorded with a measuring instrument (computer).

  When coke production was continued in the manner as described above, when operation was performed without applying vibration, the extrusion force increased when the conventional three times of clogging occurred after 50 extrusions. Due to the application of vibration in the state, only one clogging occurred even when the extrusion was performed 60 times.

  During the next coke extrusion, the vibration was applied in a state where the extrusion force was 265 kN (extrusion current 81 A) and increased to 45% of the maximum extrusion force. Occurrence of clogging occurred twice per 50 extrusions, and although there was an improvement trend, the occurrence of clogging could not be sufficiently prevented.

  FIG. 3 shows the change over time of the pushing force measured when applying vibration in the carbonization chamber where the pushing current value has increased, as a solid line. For reference, the change over time of the extrusion force measured when clogging occurred in the same carbonization chamber before is shown together with a dotted line. According to FIG. 3, when no vibration is applied, the pushing force rises to 588 kN and clogging occurs. However, by applying vibration in the state of 206 kN, which is 35% of the maximum pushing force, the pushing force is increased. It can be seen that the clogging did not occur because the force decreased.

  By applying vibration to the coke lump by the method as described above, it was possible to prevent the occurrence of clogging in the coke oven and produce coke.

It is explanatory drawing which shows one Embodiment of this invention. It is a perspective view which shows an example of a coke extrusion apparatus. It is a graph which shows the time change of extrusion force.

Explanation of symbols

DESCRIPTION OF SYMBOLS 10 Carbonization chamber of coke oven 11 Coke lump 20 Coke extrusion apparatus 21 Extrusion ram 22 Ram head 22a Upper pressing surface 22b Intermediate pressing surface 22c Lower pressing surface 23 Exciter 24 Exciting rod

Claims (10)

  When the coke lump in the carbonization chamber of the coke oven is extruded from the carbonization chamber using an extrusion device, the extrusion force during extrusion is monitored, and when the extrusion force is at least 40% of the maximum extrusion force, coke A coke extrusion method characterized by extruding a mass while applying vibration.   2. The coke extrusion method according to claim 1, wherein when the extrusion force is 20% or more of the maximum extrusion force, extrusion is performed while applying vibration to the coke lump.   The coke pushing method according to claim 1 or 2, wherein the pushing force is monitored by measuring a load current value of a driving device of the pushing device.   The coke extrusion method according to any one of claims 1 to 3, wherein the application of vibration is stopped when the extrusion force after application of vibration is less than the extrusion force at the start of application of vibration.   5. The extrusion device according to claim 1, further comprising a ram head for pressing the coke lump against the coke lump to extrude the coke lump from the carbonization chamber, and applying vibration to the coke lump by vibrating the ram head. The coke extrusion method according to any one of the above.   6. The coke extrusion method according to claim 1, wherein a vibration including at least an extrusion direction component is applied as a vibration direction.   The coke extrusion method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, wherein vibration including one or more types of frequency components of 2 Hz to 100 Hz is applied.   8. The coke extrusion method according to claim 1, wherein a vibration having a waveform including one or more types of sine waves is applied.   The coke extrusion method according to any one of claims 1 to 8, wherein vibration having a vibration level of an acceleration level of 0.5G to 10G is applied.   A coke production method, wherein a coke mass is extruded from a carbonization chamber using the coke extrusion method according to claim 1.

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