JP2008003958A - Work managing system and work managing method - Google Patents

Abstract

<P>PROBLEM TO BE SOLVED: To manage time for each work relating to the work divided into a plurality of work steps. <P>SOLUTION: The work managing system S relating to this invention comprises an information processor provided with a processing part 51 and a storage part 52, a first location where the worker of a preceding work step places an IC tag, a first reader attached to the first location, a second location where a worker in a work space places the IC tag during the work, and a second reader attached to a second location. Then, the processing part 51 manages the time relating to the work by storing information received from the first reader and the second reader in the storage part 52. <P>COPYRIGHT: (C)2008,JPO&INPIT

Description

  The present invention relates to a work management system and a work management method for managing time related to work divided into a plurality of work processes.

  Conventionally, for the production of products, for example, many so-called mass production methods for mass production at one time have been adopted. And this mass production method is effective in reducing the cost per unit product, but on the other hand, if the number of sales is less than planned, it will have a lot of inventory and multiple work processes There is a problem that it is impossible to find and eliminate various wastes (such as variations in work time for each work process) occurring in the process.

  Therefore, in recent years, a so-called JIT (Just In Time) production method is being adopted in which a necessary product is provided to a necessary place in a necessary amount when necessary. According to this JIT production method, there is no problem of having a large stock. However, since the JIT production method is originally less efficient than the mass production method, it is necessary to eliminate various work wastes and improve the work efficiency in order to improve the production efficiency.

For example, in Patent Document 1, an ID tag for identifying a worker that is carried by a worker and an ID tag for identifying a work object that identifies an object to be worked are read by an ID tag reader, and the read information and a work area are defined. A technique for managing work time by transmitting information to be identified and operation information of work equipment in the work area to a performance management CPU is disclosed.
JP 2005-182656 A

  However, in the technique disclosed in Patent Document 1, when there are a plurality of worker identification ID tags in one work area, it is possible to accurately grasp information such as which work took how long. The problem of not being able to occur.

  Accordingly, the present invention has been made to solve the above-described problems, and an object of the present invention is to manage the time for each work regarding the work divided into a plurality of work processes.

In order to achieve the above object, a work management system according to the present invention includes an information processing apparatus having a processing unit and a storage unit, a first place where an operator in a previous work process places an IC tag, A first reader attached to the second placement location, a second placement location where an operator in the work space places the IC tag during work, and a second reader attached to the second placement location. Yes.
The processing unit manages the time related to the work by storing the information received from the first reader and the second reader in the storage unit.
The same applies to the work management method.

  According to the present invention, the time for each work can be managed with respect to the work divided into a plurality of work processes.

Hereinafter, a work management system according to an embodiment of the present invention will be described with reference to the drawings.
FIG. 1 is an overall configuration diagram of a work management system according to the present embodiment. The work management system S includes a work space 1, a work space 2, a work space 3, a LAN (Local Area Network) 4 and a server (information processing device) 5, and performs various processes including instructions 6 to be used. It can be carried out.

Here, the work related to the work W, which is a work object (also referred to as a product), is divided into three work processes (processes W01 to W03, also simply referred to as “processes”), and work space 1 to work, respectively. A case of performing in space 3 will be described. Note that the number of work steps is not limited to three, but may be any number as long as it is two or more.
The work related to the workpiece W is, for example, a work for assembling a semiconductor component to the circuit board, but may be other work. Also, it is assumed that the workpiece W and the instruction 6 that are paired are carried together.

  Here, the instruction 6 is a document in which a work process is described, and a work specifying IC (Integrated Circuit) tag (information “IC tag” in the claims) storing information for specifying a work. Equivalent) 61 is embedded.

The work space 1 includes a work table 11, a display 12, a parts box 13, a first stock area 14, a second stock area 15, a delivery management box (first placement location) B11, and a reader / writer (first reader). B11a, work management box (second place) B12, and reader / writer (second reader) B12a are provided.
The worker 16 is a person who performs work in the work space 1.

The work table 11 is a place where the worker 16 performs work related to the workpiece W, and the display 12, the component box 13, and the switch 17 are placed thereon.
The display 12 displays information related to the work of the work W, and the screen is switched when the switch 17 is pressed, and is connected to the server 5 via the LAN 4.
The parts box 13 is a box containing parts necessary for the work of the workpiece W.

The first stock area 14 is a place where the work W before work is placed.
The delivery management box B11 is a box that is installed on the left side of the first stock area 14, and a person who brings the work W and the instruction 6 to the work space 1 inputs the instruction 6.
The reader / writer B11a is attached to the delivery management box B11, reads the information written in the work identification IC tag 61 of the instruction 6 inserted in the delivery management box B11, and transmits the information to the server 5 via the LAN 4. To do.

The work identification IC tag 61 can be realized by, for example, a non-contact wireless ID tag such as RFID (Radio frequency identification). The work specifying IC tag 61 stores, for example, information for specifying the work content of the work W, and specifically includes an instruction number, a model number / product name of a product / semi-product to be processed, the number of production personnel, and the like. . In addition, as detailed information of information for specifying the work content of the work W, instruction information when the worker 16 attaches a part to the work W is described. Specifically, the type, number of parts, parts, This is the mounting order.
The work identifying IC tag 61 embedded in the instruction 6 is preferably a battery-free type that can obtain power from received radio waves, for example, because it is easy to achieve downsizing and cost reduction. It may be of a type.

  Next, operations of the work specifying IC tag 61 and the reader / writer B11a when the instruction 6 is put in the delivery management box B11 will be described. First, radio waves including control signals are constantly transmitted from the antenna (not shown) of the reader / writer B11a. Therefore, when the instruction 6 is placed in the delivery management box B11, an antenna (not shown) in the work specifying IC tag 61 receives a radio wave from the reader and generates an electromotive force due to the resonance action of the antenna.

Then, the work specifying IC tag 61 activates an internal circuit with the generated power, performs necessary processing, and transmits the processing result from the antenna to the reader / writer B11a by radio waves. The reader / writer B11a can acquire information on the work specifying IC tag 61 by receiving the radio wave.
Note that the timing of reading the information of the work specifying IC tag 61 by the reader / writer B11a may not be always, but may be every predetermined time (for example, 10 seconds).

Further, the reader / writer B11a can read all the work specifying IC tags 61 even if there are a plurality of instructions 6 put in the delivery management box B11. Only 61 may be read.
When it is possible to read all the work identification IC tags 61 of the plurality of instructions 6 put in the delivery management box B11, the delivery management box B11 has a structure in which the plurality of instructions 6 can easily perform first-in first-out (for example, It is preferable that the instruction 6 is placed upright, but other structures may be used.

The second stock area 15 is a place where the work W after work is placed.
The work management box B12 is a box that is installed near the position where the worker 16 works near the work table 11 and into which the instruction 6 is input when the worker 16 starts work on the workpiece W.

The reader / writer B12a is attached to the work management box B12, reads the information written in the work identification IC tag 61 of the instruction 6 inserted in the work management box B12, and transmits the information to the server 5 via the LAN 4. To do.
Specifically, when the instruction 6 is input to the work management box B12, the reader / writer B12a first (newly) confirms communication with the work specifying IC tag 61, reads the information, and sends it to the server 5. The communication start information with the work specifying IC tag 61, information specifying the work content of the work W, and the like are transmitted.
The communication start information includes the ID of the work management box B12, the work start time (the time when the information of the work specifying IC tag 61 is first (newly read)), and the like. The information for specifying the work content of the workpiece W includes, for example, an instruction number, a model number or a product name of a product / semi-finished product to be processed, and the number of producers.

When the reader / writer B12a confirms the disconnection of the communication with the work specifying IC tag 61 when the instruction 6 is taken out from the work management box B12, the reader / writer B12a notifies the server 5 of the communication end information with the work specifying IC tag 61. Or information specifying the work content of the work W is transmitted.
The communication end information includes the ID of the work management box B12, the work end time (the time when communication with the work specifying IC tag 61 is confirmed), and the like. The information for specifying the work content of the workpiece W includes, for example, an instruction number, a model number or a product name of a product / semi-finished product to be processed, and the number of producers.

  Note that the timing of reading the information of the work specifying IC tag 61 by the reader / writer B12a may be always the same as in the case of the reader / writer B11a, or may be every predetermined time.

  Since the work space 2 and the work space 3 have the same configuration and operation as the work space 1, duplicate description will be omitted (the same applies to the following description).

The LAN 4 is a communication network in the work management system S, and can be realized by, for example, Ethernet (registered trademark).
The server (information processing apparatus) 5 is an apparatus that processes information, and is realized by a computer, for example, and includes a processing unit 51 and a storage unit 52.

The processing unit 51 stores information received from the six reader / writers B11a to B32a in the storage unit 52 or performs an operation based on the information stored in the storage unit 52. For example, a CPU (Central Processing) Unit).
The storage unit 52 stores information received from the execution program of the processing unit 51 and the six reader / writers B11a to B32a, and can be realized by, for example, a memory or a hard disk.

  The processing unit 51 can display information such as the work content of the workpiece W on the display 12, for example, but the information may be stored in the storage unit 52 in advance. Alternatively, the information of the work specifying IC tag 61 received from the reader / writer B12a may be used.

  Further, when the processing unit 51 receives information from the reader / writers B11a to B32a, that is, communication start information, information specifying the work content of the work W, communication end information, and the like, the processing unit 51 records the information in the storage unit 52.

  Next, the configuration of the work space will be described with reference to FIG. 2 (see FIG. 1 as appropriate). FIG. 2 is a configuration diagram of the work space. Since the configuration of the work space is the same for all of the work spaces 1 to 3, here, the case of the work space 1 will be described as an example. In addition, the same code | symbol is attached | subjected to the structure same as FIG. 1, and duplication description is abbreviate | omitted suitably.

  As shown in FIG. 2, here, the workbench 11 is formed in a semicircular shape, and a plurality of parts boxes 13 are arranged on the outer side thereof, and a display device is located at the back of the front of the work position of the worker 16. 12 is installed. The delivery management box B11 and the reader / writer B11a are installed on the left side of the work table 11, and the work management box B12 and the reader / writer B12a are installed in the vicinity of the work position by the worker 16 on the work table 11.

  Here, the work management box B12 is inclined so that the upper part is inclined toward the worker 16 so that the worker 16 can easily input the instruction 6 at the start of the work or take out the instruction 6 at the end of the work. is set up. This makes it easier for the worker 16 to put in and take out the instruction 6 with respect to the work management box B12 and to check the presence or absence of the instruction 6 in the work management box B12.

A first stock area 14 is provided on the left side of the work position by the worker 16, and a work case 7 that can store a plurality of works W is placed thereon. Further, a second stock area 15 is provided on the right side of the work position by the worker 16.
Here, it is assumed that a plurality of workpieces W accommodated in the work case 7 correspond to one instruction 6. The work case 7 is not an essential configuration and may be omitted.

  When performing work related to the workpiece W, the worker 16 first takes out the instruction 6 put in the delivery management box B11 and puts the instruction 6 in the work management box B12. Then, the work W is taken out from the work case 7 placed in the first stock area 14 and moved to the work table 11, and the screen of the display 12 is viewed (the screen is switched by pressing the switch 17 as necessary). ) The work relating to the work W is performed by taking out the parts from the parts box 13 and attaching them to the work W.

  When the work related to all the works W contained in the work case 7 is completed, the worker 16 puts all the works W into the work case 7 and takes out the instructions 6 contained in the work management box B12. The work case 7 is placed on the second stock area 15. Then, immediately or at an appropriate timing, the instruction 6 and the work case 7 are carried to the work space 2 where the next work process is performed, the work case 7 is placed in the first stock area 24, and the delivery of the instruction 6 is managed. Put in box B21.

  In the work space 1, each component has such a configuration, so that the worker 16 can smoothly handle the instruction 6 and the work W (work case 7).

Next, an example of a screen displayed on the display device during work will be described with reference to FIG. 3 (see FIG. 2 as appropriate). FIG. 3 is an explanatory view showing a display screen example of the display.
The indicator 12 includes an instruction number 121, instruction contents 122 (including the model number, product name, and number (number) of products / semi-products to be manufactured (processed)), assembly instruction information 123 (procedure and work contents), process ID 124, worker ID 125, number of completed workers (completed number) 126, work start date / time / work end date / time 127 and detailed work time 128 are displayed.

In the instruction number 121, information (for example, A01) for specifying the work content of the work W corresponding to the work specifying IC tag 61 is displayed. Further, in the instruction content 122 and the assembly instruction information 123, detailed information regarding the instruction number 121 is displayed.
In the process ID 124, information (for example, W01) specifying the process is displayed. In the worker ID 125, information (for example, MM01) for identifying the worker 16 is displayed. The information for specifying the worker 16 may be registered in advance in the storage unit 52 (see FIG. 1) of the server 5 or an IC tag (not shown) for specifying the worker 16 may be used. The server 16 (see FIG. 1) may recognize the worker 16 by placing it in the work management box B12 and display it on the worker ID 125.

In the work start date / time / work end date / time 127, the time when the instruction 6 is input into the work management box B12 and the time when the instruction 6 is taken out from the work management box B12 are displayed. The number of completed persons 126 indicates the number of completed persons out of the number of produced persons (here, 8 sheets). The detailed work time 128 displays the end time of each procedure. For example, when the switch 17 is pressed at the end of each procedure, the time is displayed.
In this way, the worker 16 can reliably proceed with the work according to the work content instruction on the display screen of the display 12.

  Next, with reference to FIG. 4, description will be given of work results for each work process (such as loading time and taking-out time to each reader / writer for each instruction) stored in the storage unit of the server (see FIG. 1 as appropriate). . In FIG. 4, (a) is a diagram showing an example of work results relating to the process W01, and (b) is a diagram showing examples of work results relating to the step W02.

  As shown in FIG. 4 (a), for the process W01 (see the second column from the right), for each instruction No (see the leftmost column), the input time to the delivery management box B11 in the instruction 6, Information regarding the time taken out from the delivery management box B11, time taken into the work management box B12, time taken out from the work management box B12, time taken into the delivery management box B21, and information on the worker (see the rightmost column) Is stored. The same applies to FIG.

  Subsequently, processing of information about the worker by the server will be described with reference to FIG. 5 (see FIGS. 1 to 4 as appropriate). FIG. 5 is a flowchart showing the flow of information processing related to workers by the server. Here, the case of the process W01 is taken as an example of the work related to the instruction A01 (instruction No. 121 in FIG. 3 with the instruction number 121 of A01; the same applies hereinafter), and the storage unit 52 of the server 5 already has FIG. It is assumed that the work results described in a) are stored.

First, the processing unit 51 of the server 5 starts from the B11 input time (the time when the person who brought the instruction 6 and the work W into the work space 1 inputs the instruction 6 into the delivery management box B11) to the B12 input time (the operator 16 Up to the time when the instruction 6 is input to the work management box B12) is calculated (determined) as the stagnation time of the work W in the process W01 (step S1).
Here, the worker 16 is in a state where work related to the workpiece W can be started from the B11 input time, and is not working until the B12 input time when the work is actually started. Since W has stagnated (stayed) in the work space 1, it is set as the stagnation time of the work W in the process W01.

Subsequently, the processing unit 51 calculates (determines) the processing time of the workpiece W in the process W01 from B12 insertion time to B12 extraction time (time when the operator 16 takes out the instruction 6 from the work management box B12) ( Step S2).
Here, since the worker 16 should have performed the work on the workpiece W from the B12 insertion time to the B12 removal time, the time between them is set as the machining time of the workpiece W in the process W01.

Next, the processing unit 51 calculates (determines) the movement time of the workpiece W in the process W01 from B12 take-out time to B21 insertion time (time when the worker 16 inputs the instruction 6 into the work management box B21) ( Step S3).
Here, the worker 16 is in a state where the workpiece W and the instruction 6 can be transported to the work space 2 and the instruction 6 can be put into the delivery management box B21 from the time B12 is taken out. The time required for the movement of the work W to the work space 2 can be regarded as the time required for the movement of the work W to the work space 2 until the B21 insertion time of the delivery management box B21, and the time between them is defined as the movement time of the work W in the process W01. .

  It is also conceivable that the worker 16 places a plurality of pairs of the instruction 6 and the work W in the second stock area 15 and carries them to the work space 2 at the same time. In this case, a part of the workpiece W is left in the second stock area 15 for a while, but even in that case, for the sake of convenience, the time from the B12 removal time to the B21 insertion time is treated as the “movement time”.

When the processing unit 51 performs such processing, regarding the work space 1 in which the work W performs the process W01 and the time in the vicinity thereof, not only the length of the time but also the stagnation time, the processing time, and the movement time are referred to. The breakdown can also be grasped.
Further, the processing unit 51 can perform the same processing regarding the instruction A02 and also regarding the work space 2 and the work space 3.

Here, FIG. 6 shows the result of performing the processing of steps S1 to S3 in the flowchart of FIG. 5 based on the work results of (a) and (b) of FIG. FIG. 6 is a time chart showing the position of the instruction and the determination result.
The upper half shows the existing position (delivery management box B11 and the like) and the determination result of each time (stagnation time and the like in the process W01) regarding the instruction A01.

From this, it can be seen that the server 5 can surely grasp in what work process (W01, etc.) and what state (stagnation, processing or movement) of the work W related to the work according to the instruction A01. .
The same applies to the lower half instruction A02.

Returning to FIG. 5, after step S <b> 3, the processing unit 51 adds the stagnation time, the processing time, and the movement time with respect to the process W <b> 01 of the instruction A <b> 01 to calculate the lead time (the added value, also expressed as L / T). (Step S4).
Further, the processing unit 51 extracts a processing time as a substantial lead time (step S5).
Subsequently, the processing unit 51 calculates (actual lead time / lead time) × 100 (%), and calculates a substantial lead time ratio (actual processing time ratio) (step S6).

  Here, FIG. 7 shows the result of performing the processes of steps S4 to S6 in the flowchart of FIG. 5 based on the respective work results shown in FIGS. 4 (a) and 4 (b). In FIG. 7, (a) is a diagram showing the time distribution related to the work of the instruction A01, and (b) is a diagram showing the time distribution related to the work of the instruction A02.

As shown in FIG. 7A, regarding the instruction A01, the stagnation time, processing time, travel time, L / T, real L / T, and real L / T of the process W01, the process W02, and their total (TOTAL) The ratio is displayed.
The same applies to FIG. 7B.

  In this way, according to the work management system S of the present embodiment, it is possible to grasp not only the stagnation time, processing time, and movement time, but also the length and ratio of the actual lead time. Therefore, it is possible to finely manage the time regarding the work divided into a plurality of processes, and thereby it becomes easy to grasp the efficiency of the work and specify the useless work.

  Next, a case where two delivery management boxes are installed in one work space will be described as a modification of the work management system with reference to FIG. 8 (see FIGS. 1 and 2 as appropriate). FIG. 8 is a partial view of the first stock area and two delivery management boxes at that time. Here, the case of the work space 1 will be described as an example, but the same applies to the work space 2 and the work space 3.

As shown in FIG. 8, on the left side of the first stock area 14, in addition to a pair of delivery management box B11 and reader / writer B11a, a pair of delivery management box B111 and reader / writer B111a having the same configuration and performance. Is provided.
If one instruction 6 is put in each of the delivery management box B11 and the delivery management box B111, the operator 16 takes out the instructions 6 alternately from the delivery management box B11 and the delivery management box B111. Thus, the work can be performed in the order in which the instruction 6 reaches the work space 1.

In this case, the reader / writer B11a and the reader / writer B111a read the information of all the work specifying IC tags 61 when a plurality of instructions 6 are entered in the delivery management box B11 and the delivery management box B111. Can be kept. Then, the server 5 can immediately determine that there are a plurality of workpieces W (work in process) in the first stock area 14, and can easily determine abnormal work in progress (work W) such as long-term stagnation. Can be done. Alternatively, only the information of one work specifying IC tag 61 among the plurality of work specifying IC tags 61 may be read.
Furthermore, the number of delivery management boxes and reader / writers may not be two, but may be three or more.

This is the end of the description of the embodiments, but the aspects of the present invention are not limited to these.
For example, the delivery management box, the work management box, and the reader / writer attached to them may be provided in a part of the work space instead of all the work spaces.

Further, the stagnation time may be the time belonging to the previous work process, not the time belonging to the next work process.
In addition, specific configurations such as hardware and flowcharts can be appropriately changed without departing from the spirit of the present invention.

1 is an overall configuration diagram of a work management system according to an embodiment. It is a block diagram of a work space. It is explanatory drawing which shows the example of a display screen of a display. (A) is the figure which showed the example of the work performance regarding process W01, (b) is the figure which showed the example of the work performance regarding process W02. It is the flowchart which showed the flow of the process of the information regarding the worker by a server. It is the time chart which showed the position of the instruction | indication, and its determination result. (A) is the figure which showed the time allocation regarding the operation | work of order A01, (b) is the figure which showed the time allocation regarding the operation | work of instruction A02. It is a partial view of the 1st stock area and two delivery management boxes concerning the modification of a work management system.

Explanation of symbols

1, 2, 3 Work space 5 Server 51 Processing unit 52 Storage unit 6 Instruction 61 Work identification IC tag B11, B21, B31 Delivery management box B12, B22, B32 Work management box B11a-B32a Reader / writer

Claims (9)

The predetermined work for the work object is divided into a plurality of work processes, each of the plurality of work processes is performed in a separate work space, and the time related to the work of the worker in those work spaces is defined as the content of the predetermined work. A work management system that manages using an IC tag in which information for identifying
An information processing device that collects time information related to the work and includes a processing unit and a storage unit;
A first place where the IC tag is placed by an operator of the previous work process, installed in the work space;
The IC tag attached to the first place and detecting the IC tag placed in the first place and reading the information, when the IC tag is newly detected or the IC tag is not detected A first reader that transmits information of the IC tag to the information processing apparatus at a timing such as
A second place for placing the IC tag during work by the worker in the work space;
The IC tag attached to the second storage location, the IC tag placed in the second storage location is detected and the information is read, and the IC tag is no longer detected when the IC tag is newly detected. A second reader that transmits information of the IC tag to the information processing device at a timing such as when,
The processing unit manages time related to the work by storing information received from the first reader and the second reader in the storage unit. The work management system according to claim 1, wherein the first place is installed in the work space or in the vicinity thereof. The processing unit determines the time from the time when the IC tag is newly detected by the second reader to the time when the second reader is no longer detected as the time related to the work in the work space. The work management system according to claim 1, wherein the work time is determined and managed as a work time during which work that is work is performed. The processing unit sets a time related to the work from a time when the IC tag is newly detected by the first reader to a time when the first reader is no longer detected or a time when the IC tag is newly detected by the second reader. 4. The work management system according to claim 3, wherein the time until the detected time is determined and managed as a stagnation time during which work has been stagnant in the work space or the previous work space. The processing unit, as the time related to the work, the time when the IC tag is newly detected by the first reader in the work space in the next work process from the time when the IC tag is no longer detected by the second reader. 5. The work management system according to claim 4, wherein the time until the time is determined as a movement time of the work object from the work space to the next work space. The processing unit calculates the substantial machining time ratio by adding the machining time, the stagnation time, and the moving time to calculate a lead time, and dividing the machining time by the lead time. The work management system according to claim 5. The first place is installed at a position closer to the work space in the work process before the work position of the worker in the work space,
The work management system according to claim 1, wherein the second placement location is installed in the vicinity of a work position of the worker in the work space. The predetermined work for the work object is divided into a plurality of work processes, each of the plurality of work processes is performed in a separate work space, and the time related to the work of the worker in those work spaces is defined as the content of the predetermined work. A work management method by a work management system that manages using an IC tag in which information for specifying the information is written,
The work management system includes:
An information processing device that collects time information related to the work and includes a processing unit and a storage unit;
A first place where the IC tag is placed by an operator of the previous work process, installed in the work space;
The IC tag attached to the first place and detecting the IC tag placed in the first place and reading the information, when the IC tag is newly detected or the IC tag is not detected A first reader that transmits information of the IC tag to the information processing apparatus at a timing such as
A second place for placing the IC tag during work by the worker in the work space;
The IC tag attached to the second storage location, the IC tag placed in the second storage location is detected and the information is read, and the IC tag is no longer detected when the IC tag is newly detected. A second reader that transmits information of the IC tag to the information processing device at a timing such as when,
The processing unit manages time related to the work by storing information received from the first reader and the second reader in the storage unit. The work management method according to claim 8, wherein the first place is installed in the work space or in the vicinity thereof.

Images