JP2008000672A - Coating method of aqueous coating - Google Patents
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- JP2008000672A JP2008000672A JP2006172122A JP2006172122A JP2008000672A JP 2008000672 A JP2008000672 A JP 2008000672A JP 2006172122 A JP2006172122 A JP 2006172122A JP 2006172122 A JP2006172122 A JP 2006172122A JP 2008000672 A JP2008000672 A JP 2008000672A
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この発明は、水性塗料をスプレー塗装して基材の表面に無機塗膜を形成する水性塗料の塗装方法に関し、特に、基材の表面に極めて薄い塗膜を形成するのに好適な水性塗料の塗装方法に関する。 The present invention relates to a method for coating an aqueous paint by spraying an aqueous paint to form an inorganic coating on the surface of a substrate, and in particular, an aqueous coating suitable for forming an extremely thin coating on the surface of a substrate. It relates to the painting method.
自動車や電車等の車体をはじめ、建築物、家電製品、電子部品等の工業用製品から日用品等の各種家庭用製品に至るまで、耐食性、耐候性、防汚性、意匠性等の機能を付与する目的で塗装が行われている。塗装は、塗膜を形成する造膜剤を含んだ塗料を被塗装物に塗布することによってなされ、塗料を塗布する際にはスプレー塗装、ロールコート、ディップコート、刷毛塗り、スピンコート等の手段が一般的に用いられる。このうち、スプレー塗装は、塗装ガン等を用いて塗料を吹き付けて行うため、平らな面だけではなく曲面を有した塗装面に対しても均一に塗膜を形成することができる。ロールコートは、塗膜の表面の仕上がり状態がより平坦性に優れ、かつ、必要な塗膜の厚みの制御が比較的容易であるといった利点を有する。これらの塗料を塗布する際の手段については、被塗装物の形状や形成する塗膜に求められる機能、用途等に応じて使い分けられる。 Provides functions such as corrosion resistance, weather resistance, antifouling properties, and design, from automobiles, trains, and other industrial products such as buildings, home appliances, and electronic parts to household products such as daily necessities The painting is done for the purpose. Painting is done by applying a paint containing a film-forming agent that forms a coating film to the object to be coated. When applying the paint, means such as spray coating, roll coating, dip coating, brush coating, spin coating, etc. Is generally used. Among these, spray coating is performed by spraying a paint using a paint gun or the like, so that a coating film can be uniformly formed not only on a flat surface but also on a painted surface having a curved surface. The roll coat has the advantage that the finished state of the surface of the coating film is more flat and the control of the required coating film thickness is relatively easy. About the means at the time of apply | coating these coating materials, it uses properly according to the function, the use, etc. which are calculated | required by the shape of the to-be-coated object, the coating film to form.
一方、塗料については、近年の地球環境問題への意識の高まりや、作業環境下における安全性の観点から、溶媒として主に水を使用した水性塗料が注目されている。この水性塗料は、被塗装物に付着しなかった塗料を水性溶剤で回収して再利用することも可能であることから、省資源化の面からも有利である。しかしながら、一般的に、水性塗料は有機溶剤系塗料と比べて塗装性に劣る点で問題があるとされ、いわゆる液だれや塗膜表面の肌不良といった問題や、被塗装物が水性塗料をはじいてしまうといった現象も起こり易い。 On the other hand, with regard to paints, water-based paints mainly using water as a solvent have attracted attention from the viewpoint of increasing awareness of global environmental problems in recent years and safety in working environments. This water-based paint is advantageous from the viewpoint of resource saving because the paint that has not adhered to the object to be coated can be recovered with an aqueous solvent and reused. However, water-based paints generally have problems in that they are inferior in paintability compared to organic solvent-based paints. Problems such as soaking and poor skin on the surface of the paint film, and objects to be painted repel water-based paints. Phenomenon that is likely to occur.
これらのような水性塗料の塗装性については、塗料自体の問題と共に塗料を塗布する環境も大きく影響するものと考えられる。そこで、例えば特開２００１−１７２５７４号公報（特許文献１）では、水性塗料の表面張力を所定値以下にせしめると共に被塗装物である金属表面に存在する水の量を低減させて、所定の温度及び相対湿度からなる環境下で塗布する水性塗料の塗装方法が提案されている。また、特開２００２−２３３８１２号公報（特許文献２）では、水性塗料をスプレー塗装する際、スプレー塗装に使用される塗装ガンの温度を制御して、スプレー塗装時の周辺条件（温度及び湿度）に応じて塗料温度を最適化させて行う塗装方法が提案されている。 Regarding the paintability of these water-based paints, it is considered that the environment in which the paint is applied is greatly affected along with the problem of the paint itself. Therefore, for example, in Japanese Patent Laid-Open No. 2001-172574 (Patent Document 1), the surface tension of the water-based paint is reduced to a predetermined value or less, and the amount of water present on the metal surface that is the object to be coated is reduced to a predetermined temperature. In addition, a method of applying a water-based paint to be applied in an environment consisting of relative humidity has been proposed. In JP-A-2002-233812 (Patent Document 2), when spraying a water-based paint, the temperature of a coating gun used for spray coating is controlled, and the ambient conditions (temperature and humidity) during spray coating are controlled. A coating method has been proposed in which the paint temperature is optimized according to the conditions.
ところで、塗料を塗布して形成される塗膜については、塗膜に求められる性能を満足できる範囲で可及的に薄くすることが要求される場合がある。例えば光学的干渉作用による製品の外観変化や色むら等を防ぐために塗膜の薄膜化が要求され、なかには１００ｎｍ以下の極めて薄い塗膜の形成が求められることもある。また、防汚性を付与する目的で塗膜に酸化チタンに代表される光触媒活性を有する金属化合物（光触媒）を含める場合、光触媒による作用は少なくとも塗膜の表面において発現すればよいことから、製造コストの低減と併せて塗膜の薄膜化が求められる。塗膜を薄くするためには塗料の塗布量を減らすことが考えられるが、塗布量が少なくなると液膜中に気泡が巻き込まれてしまったり、被塗装物である基材の表面に均一な塗膜が形成されなくなるおそれがあって、塗布量を減らすことには限界がある。一方では、塗料に含まれる造膜剤等の固形分の量を減らすことで得られる塗膜の厚みを薄くすることも考えられるが、粘度の低い塗料では液だれが生じ易くなってしまう。これらの問題は、特に溶媒の主成分が水である水性塗料をスプレー塗装する場合に顕著であり、これまで水性塗料を用いたスプレー塗装によって薄い塗膜を形成させることについては十分に検討されていない。
そこで、本発明者らは、曲面や複雑な形状を有した基材や既設の基材の表面であっても塗装が可能であるなどの利点を有するスプレー塗装によって水性塗料を塗布する方法において、水性塗料が抱える塗装性の問題を解決すると共に、極めて薄い塗膜を形成することができる塗装方法について鋭意検討を行った。その結果、驚くべくことには、所定の接触角を有する基材の表面に飽和溶解度に近い量のアルコールを含んだ水性塗料を塗布すると、水性塗料が極めて良好にぬれ拡がり、界面化学における「拡張ぬれ」では全てを説明できないような現象を発現するという知見を得た。そして、この現象を利用することによって、水性塗料における従来の塗装性の問題を解決しながら、塗膜の薄膜化が可能であることを見出し、本発明を完成するに至った。 Therefore, the present inventors, in a method of applying a water-based paint by spray coating having the advantage that it can be applied even on the surface of a substrate having a curved surface or a complicated shape or an existing substrate, In addition to solving the paintability problem of water-based paints, we have intensively studied a painting method that can form an extremely thin coating film. As a result, surprisingly, when a water-based paint containing an alcohol with an amount close to saturation solubility is applied to the surface of a substrate having a predetermined contact angle, the water-based paint wets and spreads very well, and “expansion in surface chemistry” We gained the knowledge that “wetting” manifests a phenomenon that cannot be fully explained. And by utilizing this phenomenon, the present inventors have found that it is possible to reduce the thickness of the coating film while solving the problems of the conventional paintability in the water-based paint, and have completed the present invention.
従って、本発明の目的は、塗装性に優れながら水性塗料をスプレー塗装することができ、なおかつ、極めて薄い塗膜を形成することができるスプレー塗装による水性塗料の塗装方法を提供することにある。 Accordingly, an object of the present invention is to provide a method for applying a water-based paint by spray coating, which can spray-coat a water-based paint while being excellent in paintability and can form an extremely thin coating film.
すなわち、本発明は、無機質造膜剤、アルコール、及び水を含んだ水性塗料をスプレー塗装して基材の表面に無機塗膜を形成する水性塗料の塗装方法であって、水に対する接触角を２０°以下にした基材の親水性表面に、アルコールが飽和溶解度の８０％以上の量で溶解した水性塗料をスプレー塗装する水性塗料の塗装方法である。 That is, the present invention is a coating method of an aqueous paint that forms an inorganic coating on the surface of a substrate by spray-coating an aqueous paint containing an inorganic film-forming agent, alcohol, and water, and has a contact angle with water. This is a coating method of an aqueous paint in which an aqueous paint in which alcohol is dissolved in an amount of 80% or more of the saturation solubility is spray-coated on the hydrophilic surface of the substrate at 20 ° or less.
本発明の塗装方法において、基材とは、塗膜を形成する塗装の対象となるものであればよく、その材質や形状、大きさ等については特に制限はない。一例を挙げるとすれば、自動車、電車、航空機等の車体、家電製品、電機・電子製品等の工業製品、各種家庭用製品、ビル、建物、道路標識等の建築・建造物をはじめ、鋼鉄材、アルミニウム材、半導体基板、ガラス基板、回路基板、フレキシブルプリント基板等の材料や部材をその対象とすることができる。 In the coating method of the present invention, the base material is not particularly limited as long as it is an object to be coated to form a coating film, and the material, shape, size and the like thereof are not particularly limited. For example, automobiles, trains, aircraft bodies, home appliances, industrial products such as electrical and electronic products, various household products, buildings, buildings, road signs, etc. Materials and members such as aluminum materials, semiconductor substrates, glass substrates, circuit boards, and flexible printed boards can be targeted.
また、スプレー塗装とは、一般に、液滴ないし液体を噴霧ないし噴水して行う塗装方法であるが、本発明においては、上記液滴が１滴からなる場合についてもスプレー塗装として含めるものとする。スプレー塗装に用いる装置（用具）については特に制限はなく、通常用いられるものを使用することができる。 In addition, spray coating is generally a coating method performed by spraying or fountain droplets or liquids, but in the present invention, the case where the droplets consist of one droplet is also included as spray coating. There is no restriction | limiting in particular about the apparatus (tool) used for spray coating, The thing normally used can be used.
本発明において、水性塗料については、アルコールが飽和溶解度の８０％以上、好ましくは９０％以上の量で溶解して含まれている必要がある。水性塗料が上記のようにアルコールを溶解した状態で含有すると、基材の親水性表面に塗布した際に水性塗料が極めて良好にぬれ拡がる現象を発現し、基材の表面に極めて薄い塗膜を形成することができる。アルコールの含有量が溶解度の８０％未満の量であると、基材の表面で水性塗料が塗れ拡がる現象が発現し難くなり、基材の表面に水性塗料を塗布した際に水性塗料がはじかれて液膜が形成されなかったり、液膜が形成されたとしても液だれやムラを生じて塗装性が不十分になるおそれがある。なお、アルコールの含有量の上限については、水性塗料に対する飽和濃度（飽和溶解度の100％）とするのがよい。 In the present invention, the water-based paint needs to contain alcohol dissolved in an amount of 80% or more, preferably 90% or more of the saturation solubility. When the water-based paint contains the alcohol in a dissolved state as described above, the water-based paint develops a phenomenon in which the water-based paint spreads very well when applied to the hydrophilic surface of the base material, and a very thin coating film is formed on the surface of the base material. Can be formed. When the alcohol content is less than 80% of the solubility, it is difficult for the aqueous paint to spread and spread on the surface of the base material, and the aqueous paint is repelled when the aqueous paint is applied to the surface of the base material. Even if a liquid film is not formed or a liquid film is formed, dripping or unevenness may occur, resulting in insufficient paintability. The upper limit of the alcohol content is preferably a saturated concentration (100% of saturation solubility) with respect to the water-based paint.
上記アルコールについては、水に可溶であって、かつ、水に対する有限な飽和溶解度を持つもの、すなわち所定の温度において水に対する飽和濃度を有するものであればよく、例えばｎ-ブチルアルコール、sec-ブチルアルコール、ｉ-ブチルアルコール、ｔ-ブチルアルコール、１-ペンタノール、２-ペンタノール、３-ペンタノール、３-メチル-１-ブタノール、２-メチル-２-ブタノール、及び２-メチル-１-ブタノール等の１価のアルコールを挙げることができる。 The alcohol may be any one that is soluble in water and has a finite saturated solubility in water, that is, a saturated concentration in water at a predetermined temperature, such as n-butyl alcohol, sec- Butyl alcohol, i-butyl alcohol, t-butyl alcohol, 1-pentanol, 2-pentanol, 3-pentanol, 3-methyl-1-butanol, 2-methyl-2-butanol, and 2-methyl-1 -Monohydric alcohols such as butanol can be mentioned.
水性塗料に含まれるアルコールの量を決めるに際しては、具体的には次のようにすればよい。例えば２０℃の環境下で水性塗料を塗布する場合、ｎ-ブチルアルコールの２０℃における水に対する飽和溶解度は６．４ｗｔ％であるため、この値を基準にして上記範囲となるように水性塗料に含まれるアルコールの量を決めればよい。また、無機質造膜剤をはじめ水性塗料に含まれる他の成分がアルコールの溶解度に影響を及ぼす場合には、実際に水性塗料に対するそのアルコールの溶解度を確認して、アルコールの量を決めるようにすればよい。なお、水性塗料に溶解するアルコールは２種以上であってもよいが、その場合には、少なくとも１種のアルコールがその飽和溶解度の８０％以上の量で溶解していればよい。 In determining the amount of alcohol contained in the water-based paint, specifically, it may be as follows. For example, when an aqueous paint is applied in an environment of 20 ° C., the saturated solubility of n-butyl alcohol in water at 20 ° C. is 6.4 wt%. What is necessary is just to determine the quantity of alcohol contained. In addition, if other components contained in the water-based paint, including inorganic film-forming agents, affect the solubility of the alcohol, the actual solubility of the alcohol in the water-based paint should be checked to determine the amount of alcohol. That's fine. Two or more kinds of alcohol may be dissolved in the water-based paint. In that case, it is sufficient that at least one kind of alcohol is dissolved in an amount of 80% or more of the saturated solubility.
ところで、水に対する有限な飽和溶解度を持たないアルコール、例えばメタノール、エタノール、ｎ−プロピルアルコール、イソプロピルアルコール等の１価のアルコールであっても本発明と同様の効果を奏することができる。このようなアルコールを使用する場合、水性塗料における水１００重量部に対して５重量部以上、好ましくは５〜２０重量部の割合で水性塗料に溶解しているのがよい。５重量部以上含まれていれば基材の親水性表面に水性塗料を塗布した際に極めて良好にぬれ拡がる現象が発現する。多量に添加した場合には、その効果が飽和すると共に、水性塗料の固形分が変質したり凝集したりするおそれがあるため、その上限は２０重量部とするのがよい。なお、水に対する有限な飽和溶解度を持たないアルコールは２種以上溶解されていてもよいが、その場合には、少なくとも１種のアルコールが水１００重量部に対して上記範囲で溶解していればよい。 By the way, the same effect as that of the present invention can be obtained even with an alcohol having no finite saturated solubility in water, for example, a monohydric alcohol such as methanol, ethanol, n-propyl alcohol, or isopropyl alcohol. When using such alcohol, it is good to have melt | dissolved in the aqueous coating material in the ratio of 5 weight part or more with respect to 100 weight part of water in an aqueous coating material, Preferably it is 5-20 weight part. If it is contained in an amount of 5 parts by weight or more, a phenomenon that wets and spreads very well when a water-based paint is applied to the hydrophilic surface of the substrate appears. When added in a large amount, the effect is saturated and the solid content of the water-based paint may be altered or aggregated, so the upper limit is preferably 20 parts by weight. In addition, two or more kinds of alcohols having no finite saturated solubility in water may be dissolved. In that case, at least one kind of alcohol is dissolved in the above range with respect to 100 parts by weight of water. Good.
本発明において、水性塗料に含まれる水については、塗料としての取扱い性等に応じて適宜調製すればよいが、アルコール添加後の水性塗料における固形分率を０．１〜５wt％、好ましくは０．１〜２wt％となるように水性塗料中の水分量を調整するのがよい。固形分率が５wt％を超えるとスプレー塗装によって薄い塗膜を形成させることが困難になり、反対に０．１wt％未満では正常な塗膜を形成できないおそれがある。なお、無機質造膜剤や下記で説明する添加剤が水に可溶のアルコールとの混合物としての原料で供給される場合には、これらの原料中に含まれるアルコールはそのまま水性塗料中に溶解した状態で含まれるアルコールとみなす。 In the present invention, the water contained in the water-based paint may be appropriately prepared according to the handleability as a paint, but the solid content in the water-based paint after addition of alcohol is 0.1 to 5 wt%, preferably 0. It is better to adjust the water content in the water-based paint so that it becomes 1-2 wt%. If the solid content exceeds 5 wt%, it becomes difficult to form a thin coating film by spray coating. Conversely, if it is less than 0.1 wt%, a normal coating film may not be formed. In addition, when the inorganic film-forming agent and the additives described below are supplied as raw materials as a mixture with water-soluble alcohol, the alcohol contained in these raw materials is dissolved in the aqueous paint as it is. Considered alcohol contained in the state.
また、本発明における無機質造膜剤については、水性塗料を基材の表面に塗布して無機塗膜を形成でき、塗料へのアルコールの添加によって凝集や変質等を生じないものであればよい。このような無機質造膜剤としては、例えばリン酸塩系造膜剤、アルカリ金属ケイ酸塩系造膜剤、コロイドゾル系造膜剤等を挙げることができる。 The inorganic film-forming agent in the present invention is not particularly limited as long as it can form an inorganic coating film by applying an aqueous coating to the surface of the substrate and does not cause aggregation or alteration due to the addition of alcohol to the coating. Examples of such inorganic film forming agents include phosphate film forming agents, alkali metal silicate film forming agents, colloidal sol film forming agents, and the like.
また、本発明において、水性塗料には、得られる塗膜の用途や付与せしめる機能等に応じて、酸化チタンや酸化亜鉛といった光触媒材料、紫外線散乱剤、紫外線吸収剤、チタンイエロー等の無機顔料を添加剤として添加することができる。この必要に応じて添加される添加剤と無機質造膜剤とは、それぞれ固形分に相当するため、水性塗料中に含まれる合計量（添加剤を含まない場合は無機質造膜剤のみの量）については、上述した固形分率（０．１〜５wt％、好ましくは０．１〜２wt％）となるようにするのがよい。この範囲内で、得られる塗膜の機能、用途、目的等に応じて、無機質造膜剤の含有量と添加剤の含有量とを適宜調整するのがよい。 Further, in the present invention, the water-based coating material includes an inorganic pigment such as a photocatalytic material such as titanium oxide or zinc oxide, an ultraviolet scattering agent, an ultraviolet absorber, or titanium yellow depending on the use of the obtained coating film or the function to be imparted. It can be added as an additive. Since the additive and inorganic film-forming agent added as necessary correspond to the solid content, the total amount contained in the water-based paint (if the additive is not included, only the inorganic film-forming agent) For the above, the solid content rate described above (0.1 to 5 wt%, preferably 0.1 to 2 wt%) is preferably set. Within this range, the content of the inorganic film-forming agent and the content of the additive may be appropriately adjusted according to the function, application, purpose, and the like of the obtained coating film.
また、本発明においては、水性塗料を塗布する基材の表面を水に対する接触角が２０°以下、好ましくは１５°以下の親水性表面にする。上記水性塗料をこのような接触角を有する基材の親水性表面に塗布することで、水性塗料が極めて良好にぬれ拡がる現象を発現する。一般に、液体を固体の上に滴下した場合、液体の表面張力が小さくなるほど固体表面上での液体の広がりは大きくなり、この現象は界面化学において液体の表面張力、固体の表面張力、液体固体間の界面張力、及びこれらの関係を用いて説明される。ところが、本発明においては、所定の接触角を有する基材の親水性表面に水性塗料を塗布した際に生じる濡れ広がり現象は、この「液体の表面張力、固体の表面張力、液体固体間の界面張力、及びこれらの関係」を用いて説明することができない。すなわち、上記基材の親水性表面にアルコールが飽和溶解度の８０％以上の量で溶解した水性塗料を塗布した場合の水性塗料のぬれ拡がりは、水より表面張力の小さいアルコール１００ｗｔ％を塗布した場合の拡がりよりも大きくなる。そこで、本発明においては、このような現象を利用し、塗料性を良好に保ったまま基材の親水性表面に極めて薄い塗膜を形成する。基材の表面の水の接触角が２０°より大きい場合には水性塗料の塗れ拡がりの程度が劣り、場合によっては水性塗料がはじかれて液膜が形成されなかったり、或いは液膜が形成されたとしても液だれやムラを生じて塗装性が不十分になるおそれがある。 In the present invention, the surface of the substrate to which the aqueous paint is applied is a hydrophilic surface having a water contact angle of 20 ° or less, preferably 15 ° or less. By applying the water-based paint to the hydrophilic surface of the substrate having such a contact angle, a phenomenon that the water-based paint wets and spreads very well is exhibited. In general, when a liquid is dropped on a solid, the smaller the surface tension of the liquid, the larger the spread of the liquid on the surface of the solid. This phenomenon is caused by interfacial chemistry. It is explained using the interfacial tension of these and their relationship. However, in the present invention, the wetting and spreading phenomenon that occurs when a water-based paint is applied to the hydrophilic surface of a substrate having a predetermined contact angle is defined as “the surface tension of liquid, the surface tension of solid, the interface between liquid solids”. It cannot be explained using “tension and their relationship”. That is, when the aqueous coating material in which the alcohol is dissolved in an amount of 80% or more of the saturation solubility is applied to the hydrophilic surface of the base material, the wetting spread of the aqueous coating material is when 100 wt% of alcohol having a surface tension smaller than that of water is applied Larger than the spread of Therefore, in the present invention, using such a phenomenon, an extremely thin coating film is formed on the hydrophilic surface of the base material while maintaining good paint properties. When the contact angle of water on the surface of the substrate is larger than 20 °, the degree of spreading of the water-based paint is inferior, and depending on the case, the water-based paint is repelled and a liquid film is not formed or a liquid film is formed. Even if it happens, it may cause dripping and unevenness, resulting in insufficient paintability.
基材に上記のような親水性表面を付与する手段については特に制限されず、一般的な親水性処理方法を採用することができるが、処理の簡便さやコスト性の観点から、好ましくはケイ素酸化物に由来の親水性表面を形成するのがよい。ケイ素酸化物に由来の親水性表面を形成する方法としては、例えば、ケイ酸ナトリウム、ケイ酸カリウム等のケイ酸塩を含有する脱脂剤で基材を表面処理して親水性表面を形成する方法や、アルコキシシラン縮合物又はその加水分解物と珪素酸化物とを含有する下地塗料を基材に塗布することで、親水性表面を備えた下地塗膜層を基材に形成する方法等を挙げることができる。なお、基材の表面が予め接触角２０°以下の親水性表面を備えている場合には、直接水性塗料を塗布してもよく、また、基材の最表面が親水性表面を有したものであれば、基材に対して通常行われる処理、例えばプレコート処理やエッチング処理等が別途施されたものであってもよい。 The means for imparting the hydrophilic surface as described above to the substrate is not particularly limited, and a general hydrophilic treatment method can be adopted. However, from the viewpoint of simplicity of treatment and cost, it is preferable to use silicon oxide. It is desirable to form a hydrophilic surface derived from the object. As a method of forming a hydrophilic surface derived from silicon oxide, for example, a method of forming a hydrophilic surface by surface-treating a substrate with a degreasing agent containing a silicate such as sodium silicate or potassium silicate. And a method of forming a base coating layer having a hydrophilic surface on a base material by applying a base paint containing an alkoxysilane condensate or a hydrolyzate thereof and silicon oxide to the base material. be able to. In addition, when the surface of a base material is previously provided with a hydrophilic surface having a contact angle of 20 ° or less, a water-based paint may be applied directly, or the outermost surface of the base material has a hydrophilic surface. If it is, the process normally performed with respect to a base material, for example, a precoat process, an etching process, etc. may be performed separately.
アルコキシシラン縮合物又はその加水分解物と珪素酸化物とを含有する下地塗料を基材に塗布して下地塗膜層を形成する場合には、少なくとも下地塗料の塗装を終了した時点から、得られた下地塗膜層に水性塗料の塗装を開始する時点までの間を相対湿度６０％以下、好ましくは相対湿度５０％以下の環境に維持するようにするのがよい。上記のように基材に下地塗料を塗布した後から水性塗料を塗布するまでの間が相対湿度６０％を超えた環境に晒されると、水性塗料を塗布して無機塗膜を形成しようとした際に液膜の形成が不十分となったり、あるいは液膜が形成されたとしても液だれやムラを生じて塗装性が不十分になるおそれがある。 When a base coating containing an alkoxysilane condensate or a hydrolyzate thereof and silicon oxide is applied to a substrate to form a base coating layer, it is obtained at least from the time when the coating of the base coating is completed. It is preferable to maintain an environment with a relative humidity of 60% or less, and preferably a relative humidity of 50% or less, until the time point when the application of the water-based paint to the undercoat layer is started. As described above, when it is exposed to an environment where the relative humidity exceeds 60% after applying the base paint to the substrate and applying the aqueous paint, the aqueous paint is applied to form an inorganic coating film. At this time, the formation of the liquid film may be insufficient, or even if the liquid film is formed, dripping or unevenness may occur, resulting in insufficient paintability.
基材の親水性表面に塗布した水性塗料については、無機質造膜剤の最適硬化条件に沿ってその乾燥温度、相対湿度、乾燥時間等を決定すればよい。また、本発明によって得られた無機塗膜に対しては、必要に応じて別途塗膜を塗り重ねるような処理を行ってもよい。 About the water-based paint apply | coated to the hydrophilic surface of a base material, what is necessary is just to determine the drying temperature, relative humidity, drying time, etc. according to the optimal hardening conditions of an inorganic film forming agent. Moreover, you may perform the process which coats a coating film separately with respect to the inorganic coating film obtained by this invention as needed.
水に対する接触角を２０°以下にした基材の親水性表面に、アルコールが飽和溶解度の８０％以上の量で溶解した水性塗料をスプレー塗装することによって、基材の表面で水性塗料が極めて良好にぬれ拡がる現象を発現するため、液だれやムラ等の問題を生じることなく塗装性を優れた状態にしながら、極めて薄い塗膜を形成することが可能となる。具体的には、本発明によれば、基材の表面に単位面積当たり塗膜重量０．５ｇ／ｍ2以下の無機塗膜を形成することが可能であり、例えば光触媒材料を含んだ水性塗料を極めて薄い塗膜に仕上げることができる。また、塗膜の薄膜化によって基材の色調や質感をそのまま活かすことも可能となる。 By spray-coating water-based paint in which alcohol is dissolved in an amount of 80% or more of saturation solubility on the hydrophilic surface of the base material with a water contact angle of 20 ° or less, the water-based paint is extremely good on the surface of the base material. Since the phenomenon of wetting and spreading occurs, it is possible to form an extremely thin coating film while maintaining excellent paintability without causing problems such as dripping and unevenness. Specifically, according to the present invention, an inorganic coating film having a coating weight of 0.5 g / m 2 or less per unit area can be formed on the surface of the substrate. For example, an aqueous coating material containing a photocatalytic material Can be finished into a very thin coating film. Moreover, it becomes possible to make use of the color tone and texture of the substrate as they are by making the coating film thinner.
以下、実施例及び比較例に基づいて、本発明をより具体的に説明する。 Hereinafter, based on an Example and a comparative example, this invention is demonstrated more concretely.
［水性塗料の調製］
アルカリ金属ケイ酸塩系造膜剤を含む市販の無機塗料（昭和ゴム社製商品名MS-92）３．３ｇに水、及びｎ-ブチルアルコールを加えて表１に示す水性塗料を調製した。この無機塗料は、無機質造膜剤（固形分）が２０ｗｔ％であって残部は水であり、この水と別途添加した水との合計量が表中に示された値である。また、ｎ-ブチルアルコールの水に対する飽和溶解度は２０℃において６．４ｗｔ％であるため、上記水性塗料におけるｎ-ブチルアルコールの飽和溶解度（飽和濃度）に相当する量は（１００−３．３×０．２）×０．０６４≒６．４ｇであり、この量（6.4g）に対して実際に加えられたｎ-ブチルアルコールの量の割合を「飽和溶解度に対するアルコール添加割合（%）」とした。
[Preparation of water-based paint]
Water and n-butyl alcohol were added to 3.3 g of a commercially available inorganic paint (trade name MS-92, Showa Rubber Co., Ltd.) containing an alkali metal silicate film-forming agent to prepare an aqueous paint shown in Table 1. In this inorganic paint, the inorganic film-forming agent (solid content) is 20 wt%, and the balance is water, and the total amount of this water and separately added water is the value shown in the table. Further, since the saturated solubility of n-butyl alcohol in water is 6.4 wt% at 20 ° C., the amount corresponding to the saturated solubility (saturated concentration) of n-butyl alcohol in the water-based paint is (100-3.3 × 0.2) × 0.064≈6.4 g, and the ratio of the amount of n-butyl alcohol actually added to this amount (6.4 g) is expressed as “alcohol addition ratio (%) with respect to saturation solubility”. did.
［実施例１、２及び比較例１〜３］
基材として１００ｍｍ×１５０ｍｍ×厚さ０．２ｍｍのアルミニウム板（JIS A1100P）を用意し、６０℃のケイ酸塩を含む脱脂剤（日本ペイント社製商品名サーフクリーナ155）２％溶液中に上記基材を１分間浸漬した後、水洗処理を施し、その後基材を常温にて乾燥させた。得られた基材の表面には水に対する接触角が５°の親水性表面が形成された。尚、接触角の測定には協和界面科学株式会社製 固液界面解析システム Drop Master 700を用い、２０℃、６０％ＲＨの条件で測定を行った（以降の実施例等でも同様）。
[Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3]
Prepare a 100 mm x 150 mm x 0.2 mm thick aluminum plate (JIS A1100P) as a base material and add it to a 2% solution of a degreasing agent (trade name Surf Cleaner 155 manufactured by Nippon Paint Co., Ltd.) containing 60 ° C silicate. After immersing the substrate for 1 minute, it was washed with water, and then the substrate was dried at room temperature. A hydrophilic surface having a contact angle with water of 5 ° was formed on the surface of the obtained substrate. The contact angle was measured using a solid-liquid interface analysis system Drop Master 700 manufactured by Kyowa Interface Science Co., Ltd. under the conditions of 20 ° C. and 60% RH (the same applies to the following examples and the like).
次いで、上記で得られた基材の表面に対し、表１に示した水性塗料を、アネスト岩田株式会社製 低圧スプレーガンLPH-100-LVGを用いて単位面積当たり３ｇ／ｍ2の塗布量となるようにスプレー塗装し、室温（１５〜２５℃）にて２４時間乾燥燥させ、表１に示す塗膜重量（0.02g/m2）の無機塗膜を形成させた。この際、スプレー塗装性（はじき等を発生することなく、液膜が形成できているかどうか）と成膜性（得られた塗膜の状態が良好かどうか）をそれぞれ目視にて確認し、○：いずれも良好な場合、×：少なくともいずれか一方が良好ではない場合、の２段階で総合評価した。結果を表２に示す。 Next, with respect to the surface of the base material obtained above, the water-based paint shown in Table 1 was applied at a coating amount of 3 g / m 2 per unit area using a low pressure spray gun LPH-100-LVG manufactured by Anest Iwata Corporation. The coating was spray-coated and dried at room temperature (15 to 25 ° C.) for 24 hours to form an inorganic coating film having a coating film weight (0.02 g / m 2 ) shown in Table 1. At this time, the spray coatability (whether a liquid film can be formed without generating repellency, etc.) and the film formability (whether the obtained coating film is in good condition) are visually confirmed. : When both are good, x: When at least one is not good, it evaluated comprehensively in two steps. The results are shown in Table 2.
［実施例３〜６、及び比較例４、５］
基材として、予め前処理としてポリエステルプレコートが施された１００ｍｍ×１５０ｍｍ×厚さ０．２ｍｍのアルミニウム合金板（JIS A5052P）を用意した。また、アルコキシシラン縮合物又はその加水分解物としてコルコート社製商品名コルコートN-103Xを１００重量部、ケイ素酸化物として日産化学工業社製商品名IPA-STを３重量部用意し、これらを混合して下地塗料を調製した。そして、上記基材の表面にこの下地塗料を塗布し、この基材を空調機器によって湿度制御された室内に入れ、水性塗料を塗布するまでの間を表１中に示した相対湿度となるようにした保持した。この時点で基材の表面における水の接触角がそれぞれ表１に示す値となるようにした。尚、実施例３及び４と実施例５及び６とにおいて基材の水に対する接触角に違いが生じた理由は、保管中の相対湿度の差によるものと推定される。
[Examples 3 to 6 and Comparative Examples 4 and 5]
As a base material, a 100 mm × 150 mm × 0.2 mm thick aluminum alloy plate (JIS A5052P) preliminarily subjected to a polyester precoat as a pretreatment was prepared. In addition, 100 parts by weight of Colcoat N-103X (trade name made by Colcoat) as the alkoxysilane condensate or hydrolyzate thereof, and 3 parts by weight of trade name IPA-ST (Nissan Chemical Industries) as silicon oxide were prepared and mixed. Thus, a base paint was prepared. Then, the base paint is applied to the surface of the base material, the base material is placed in a room whose humidity is controlled by an air conditioner, and the relative humidity shown in Table 1 is obtained until the water-based paint is applied. Held on. At this time, the contact angles of water on the surface of the substrate were set to the values shown in Table 1, respectively. In addition, it is estimated that the reason for the difference in the contact angle of the base material with water between Examples 3 and 4 and Examples 5 and 6 is due to the difference in relative humidity during storage.
次いで、上記で得られた基材の表面に対し、表１に示した水性塗料を、前出の低圧スプレーガンLPH-100-LVGを用いて単位面積当たり３ｇ／ｍ2の塗布量となるようにスプレー塗装し、室温（１５〜２５℃）にて２４時間乾燥燥させ、表１に示す塗膜重量（0.02g/m2）の無機塗膜を得た。この際の塗装性等の評価については、［実施例１、２及び比較例１〜３］の場合と同様にして行った。結果を表２に示す。 Next, the aqueous coating material shown in Table 1 is applied to the surface of the base material obtained as described above so that the coating amount becomes 3 g / m 2 per unit area using the low-pressure spray gun LPH-100-LVG described above. And dried at room temperature (15 to 25 ° C.) for 24 hours to obtain an inorganic coating film having a coating weight (0.02 g / m 2 ) shown in Table 1. Evaluation of paintability and the like at this time was performed in the same manner as in [Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3]. The results are shown in Table 2.
［比較例６〜１０］
［実施例１、２及び比較例１〜３］と同じ基材を用意し、ケイ酸塩を含んだ脱脂剤による表面処理を行わずに、表１に示した水性塗料を、前出の低圧スプレーガンLPH-100-LVGを用いて単位面積当たり３ｇ／ｍ2の塗布量となるようにスプレー塗装し、室温（１５〜２５℃）にて２４時間乾燥燥させ、表１に示す塗膜重量（0.02g/m2）の無機塗膜を得た。塗装性等の評価については［実施例１、２及び比較例１〜３］の場合と同様にして行った。結果を表２に示す。
[Comparative Examples 6 to 10]
The same base materials as those of [Examples 1 and 2 and Comparative Examples 1 to 3] were prepared, and the aqueous paint shown in Table 1 was applied to the above-described low pressure without performing surface treatment with a degreasing agent containing silicate. Spray coating using a spray gun LPH-100-LVG to a coating amount of 3 g / m 2 per unit area, drying at room temperature (15-25 ° C.) for 24 hours, and coating weight shown in Table 1 An inorganic coating film of (0.02 g / m 2 ) was obtained. About evaluation of paintability etc., it carried out similarly to the case of [Examples 1, 2 and Comparative Examples 1-3]. The results are shown in Table 2.
本発明における水性塗料の塗装方法は、自動車、電車、航空機等の車体、家電製品、電機・電子製品等の工業製品や、ビル、建物、道路標識等の建築・建造物をはじめ、鉄鋼材やアルミニウム材から、回路基板、半導体基板、フレキシブルプリント基板等の半導体材料等の電子材料に至るまで、耐食性、耐候性、防汚性、意匠性等の機能を付与する目的で塗装が求められる種々の基材に対して適用することができる。特に、光触媒や防汚塗料を使用して防汚性を付与する場合など、薄い塗膜にてその機能を発現させる場合において、好適である。 The coating method of the water-based paint in the present invention includes automobiles, trains, aircraft bodies, etc., industrial products such as home appliances, electrical and electronic products, buildings, buildings, road signs and other buildings and buildings, steel materials, Various coatings are required for the purpose of imparting functions such as corrosion resistance, weather resistance, antifouling properties, and designability, from aluminum materials to electronic materials such as semiconductor materials such as circuit boards, semiconductor substrates, and flexible printed boards. It can be applied to a substrate. In particular, it is suitable for the case where the function is expressed by a thin coating film, such as when antifouling is imparted using a photocatalyst or an antifouling paint.
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| KR20180043153A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-04-27 | 조인셋 주식회사 | Composite thermal conductive element |
| KR20180049822A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-05-11 | 매그나칩 반도체 유한회사 | Chip on film type semiconductor package |
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| JPH11315222A (en) * | 1998-05-07 | 1999-11-16 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Water-based coating material |
| JP2004283824A (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2004-10-14 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Painted aluminum material and production method therefor |
| JP2004315722A (en) * | 2003-04-18 | 2004-11-11 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Primer composition for photocatalyst coating film, photocatalyst coated product and preparation process of photocatalyst coated product |
| JP2006070141A (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-16 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Composition for forming photocatalyst membrane and substrate with the photocatalyst membrane |
| JP2006143760A (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2006-06-08 | Asahi Kasei Homes Kk | Sealing material composition suitable for topcoating specifications and application method for sealing material using the same |
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2006
- 2006-06-22 JP JP2006172122A patent/JP2008000672A/en active Pending
Patent Citations (5)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| JPH11315222A (en) * | 1998-05-07 | 1999-11-16 | Sumitomo Chem Co Ltd | Water-based coating material |
| JP2004283824A (en) * | 2003-03-06 | 2004-10-14 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Painted aluminum material and production method therefor |
| JP2004315722A (en) * | 2003-04-18 | 2004-11-11 | Nippon Light Metal Co Ltd | Primer composition for photocatalyst coating film, photocatalyst coated product and preparation process of photocatalyst coated product |
| JP2006070141A (en) * | 2004-09-01 | 2006-03-16 | Asahi Glass Co Ltd | Composition for forming photocatalyst membrane and substrate with the photocatalyst membrane |
| JP2006143760A (en) * | 2004-11-16 | 2006-06-08 | Asahi Kasei Homes Kk | Sealing material composition suitable for topcoating specifications and application method for sealing material using the same |
Cited By (2)
| Publication number | Priority date | Publication date | Assignee | Title |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| KR20180043153A (en) * | 2017-03-31 | 2018-04-27 | 조인셋 주식회사 | Composite thermal conductive element |
| KR20180049822A (en) * | 2018-04-27 | 2018-05-11 | 매그나칩 반도체 유한회사 | Chip on film type semiconductor package |
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