JP2007518958A - Heat exchangers, especially oil / coolant coolers - Google Patents

Abstract

To improve a heat exchanger.
A plate-type heat exchanger, particularly a laminated plate-type oil cooler (1), wherein two adjacent heat exchange plates (2) define a gap, and the gap is defined as a heat exchange medium or a second A medium to be cooled or a medium to be heated flows, and a base plate (3) is provided at one end, and this base plate abuts at least substantially planarly on the outermost heat exchange plate (2) adjacent to the heat exchanger. Heat exchanger, characterized in that, in contact, the base plate (3) has a recess (5) with a contour extending corresponding to the heat exchange plate (2).
[Selection] Figure 1a

Description

  The present invention relates to a plate heat exchanger, particularly a laminated plate oil cooler, in which two adjacent heat exchange plates define a gap, and this gap is defined as a heat exchange medium or a second cooled medium or heated object. The medium circulates, and a base plate is provided at one end, and the base plate is at least substantially in abutment with an adjacent outermost heat exchange plate of the heat exchanger.

  The plate-type heat exchanger known from Patent Document 1 has stacked tank-shaped heat exchange plates, the peripheral edges of the plates are in close contact with each other, and are closely brazed together, and the heat exchange plates all have the same shape. In this case, the lowermost heat exchange plate is closed by a termination plate, the termination plate abuts flat on the bottom of the heat exchange plate, and a connection opening is provided in the termination plate. The termination plate is constructed completely flat. A known laminated oil cooler with correspondingly constructed termination plates is shown in FIGS.

There remains a need for such heat exchangers, particularly with regard to their stability.
European Patent Application No. 0623798

  The object of the present invention is to provide an improved heat exchanger.

  This problem is solved by a heat exchanger characterized in that the base plate has a recess with a contour extending corresponding to the heat exchange plate. Advantageous configurations are the subject of the dependent claims.

BEST MODE FOR CARRYING OUT THE INVENTION

  According to the invention, a plate heat exchanger, in particular a laminated plate oil cooler, is provided, the base plate having a recessed surface corresponding to the adjacent heat exchange plate. In particular, the side surface of the outermost heat exchange plate is in contact with the side surface of the contour extending in a recess of the base plate, at least in its lower region. Shaped contact provides a large contact surface between the outermost heat exchange plate and the base plate, and thus the connection surface, which results in a good connection when properly connected by wax or the like, and thus optimal force transmission. The base plate significantly increases the stability of the heat exchanger.

  Preferably, the edge of the outermost heat exchange plate protrudes up from the base plate at least in its edge region which is coupled to the adjacent heat exchange plate.

  The recess of the base plate is larger than the material thickness of the outermost heat exchange plate of the heat exchanger, preferably at least the inner method between the outermost heat exchange plate abutting the base plate and the next outermost heat exchange plate It is the same depth as the material thickness of the heat exchanger heat exchange plate plus half the height. The depth of the recess is optimally at least the material thickness of the heat exchanger heat exchange plate plus the internal height between the outermost heat exchange plate that contacts the base plate and then the outermost heat exchange plate Is the same depth.

  The contour of the base plate is mainly produced by embossing or cutting. Other manufacturing methods are possible, for example the base plate is cast.

  However, the heat exchanger according to the invention can also be used on the one hand as an oil cooler, as an evaporator or a condenser, or for example as a charge / coolant cooler. The refrigeration cycle of such a mechanism can be used not only for air conditioning in a (vehicle) room, but also for cooling a heat source such as an electric load, an energy reservoir, a voltage source, or cooling of a supercharger supply air. For example, when the air conditioner refrigerant is condensed in a compact heat exchanger to which the coolant is added, and the coolant releases heat to the air as the other medium in the heat exchanger, the heat exchanger condenses. It is a vessel. The evaporation or condensation of another medium in the heat exchanger constructed according to the present invention may also occur, for example, when applied to a fuel cell system.

  In the method according to the invention for producing a heat exchanger, in particular a heat exchanger according to the invention, the base plate is produced by its embossing, followed by a correspondingly aligned lamination of the heat exchange plate and the base plate, Thereafter, bonding with hard wax is performed. In particular, the joining of the plates by brazing is effected so that the plates are hermetically joined to each other at their edges, and at the same time, the joining of adjacent plates at the point of contact of the cross section. This produces a stable torsional rigid element in a particularly advantageous configuration.

  Hereinafter, the present invention will be described in detail based on four embodiments having modified embodiments with reference to the drawings.

  A plate-laminated oil cooler 1 used as a heat exchanger is disclosed in, for example, Patent Document 1 and the disclosure thereof is clearly included here, but this oil cooler has a large number of stacked punches. A deep drawing heat exchange plate 2 is provided, and coolant and oil flow between the plates in an alternating order. The direction of flow at the coolant connection is clearly indicated by arrows in FIG. Oil is supplied and discharged from below.

  A base plate 3 is attached to the lower surface of the lowermost heat exchange plate 2 in order to attach the oil connection portion and assemble the plate laminated oil cooler 1. This base plate 3 has a recess 5 as shown in FIG. 1a, here with a recess according to the first embodiment on its upper surface 6, the recess being the lowest heat exchange in at least its lower flat and side regions. Contours that coincide with the lower surface of the plate 2 are provided. The recess 5 is formed in the rectangular base plate 3 by milling, and the shape of the lower surface of the base plate 3 is not changed.

  The depth of the recess 5 approximately corresponds to the material thickness of the lowest heat exchange plate 2 plus the internal height between both lower heat exchange plates 2.

  According to a modification of the first embodiment, the recess 5 is somewhat deeper than the recess 5 of the first embodiment, here the heat exchange plate 2 plus the internal height between both lowermost heat exchange plates 2. The material thickness is about twice as large.

  The second embodiment shown in FIG. 4a substantially corresponds to the first embodiment, according to which the base plate 3 is moved to avoid excessive material removal within the cutting frame. On the lower surface, there is an overhang region 8 in one region on the extension of the heat exchange plate 2. The overhang area 8 then has a flat bottom. The overhang region 8 can increase the depth of the recess 5 in the least deformation and material removal of the base plate 3.

  According to the modification shown in FIG. 4b, the depth of the recess 5 is substantially equal to the depth of the recess 5 according to the modification of the first embodiment.

  A laminated plate type oil cooler 1 shown in a sectional view in FIG. 5 as a third embodiment is formed by a heat exchange plate 2 and a base plate 3 coupled to each other. A cavity closed outside is formed between the heat exchange plates 2. The cavities are supplied with the first medium or the second medium alternately via at least one supply line and a discharge line, respectively, and also distribute the corresponding medium. The plate is deformed so that contact points appear between the cross sections of the heat exchange plate 2. In the region of these contact points, the heat exchange plates 2 are joined together in a material joining manner and are generally brazed. The heat exchange plate 2 is configured such that the flow of the first medium or the second medium formed between the heat exchange plates 2 does not extend linearly from the corresponding supply line to the corresponding discharge line. Yes. An example of such a heat exchange plate 2 is shown in FIG.

  The heat exchange plate 2 can have a repeating corrugated cross section, in which case the corrugated cross section extends in at least one direction across the flow-through direction, which is a linear connection from the media inlet to the outlet. A wavy cross section extends in a zigzag shape around this direction. Such a corrugated cross-section simply forms a flow guide region suitable for guiding the flow of the medium flowing through the corresponding cavity. As a result, the flow is advantageously diverted several times in the transition, or flows through the region where the mutual distances of the heat exchange plates 2 are shaped differently. Therefore, the flow velocity varies in these areas. At the same time, advantageously, the medium is distributed over the entire surface of the heat exchange plate 2 as a whole, thus achieving the best possible use of the entire heat exchange surface. Turbulence also appears depending on the flow behavior (viscosity) of the circulating medium. The reorientation of the fluid that occurs repeatedly in the passage and the swirling flow caused by the circumstances in the area of the corrugated passage that opens open up the boundary layer that is generated repeatedly. This improves heat transfer.

  Alternatively, the corrugated cross-section can have legs that extend linearly between the flow regions, and the transition of the corrugated cross-section depends on the leg length of the leg and the leg angle provided between the legs and the cross-sectional depth of the corrugated cross-section. It is characterized by Sato. The cross-section of the corrugated cross-section is determined by the transition in the leg region and the transition in the curved region, and preferred configurations can be expected to change the cross-sectional shape in these regions.

  The zigzag corrugated cross section of the heat exchange plate 2 is characterized in particular by the leg angle and the cross section depth between the leg length and the adjacent leg. In preferred configurations of the invention, the leg length is in the range of 8-15 millimeters, primarily in the range of 9-12 millimeters. Typical values for the cross-sectional depth—which consists of the distance between the wavefront and the plate neutral plane—for example, are in the range of 0.3 to 1.5 mm. For many applications, a cross-sectional depth of 0.5-1 mm may be advantageous, and a value of about 0.75 mm may be preferred. The leg angle between the two legs of the corrugated cross section is mainly 45 ° to 135 °. In particular, values around 90 ° are a good compromise in terms of fluid distribution, flow rate and heat exchanger throughput. The leg length and leg angle on the one hand limit the flow guiding function of the corrugated cross section, but on the other hand also limit the contact points between adjacent heat exchange plates 2. Contact points are necessary for the stability of the heat exchanger. If the material thickness of the heat exchange plate 2 is selected to be small for reasons of weight reduction and heat exchange in many applications, the inherent rigidity of the heat exchange plate 2 against pressure applied by the medium must be mutually supported. It cannot be guaranteed. In a preferred configuration, the heat exchange plate 2 is joined by hard soldering in the region of the contact point, and for this reason, the heat exchange plate 2 is at least one side coated with a soldering flux such as solder. The choice of leg length and leg angle is mainly dependent on the medium being circulated and its viscosity. The leg length and leg angle have a great influence on the flow velocity generated and the heat exchange associated with it, so that it is adapted to the intended use in each case. Said value is particularly relevant to the use of a heat exchanger as an oil cooler in vehicles where heat exchange takes place between engine oil and cooling water. They also naturally depend on the dimensional design of the heat exchange plate 2 and the dimensional design of the air gap resulting from the distance of the heat exchange plate 2.

  The formation of the corrugated cross section is substantially determined over the entire heat exchanging plate 2 by the cross sectional shape perpendicular to the outer edge of the cross section in this region and the cross section series determined by the pitch in the transition across the extending direction of the corrugated cross section. Is done. In the preferred configurations, a constant pitch, i.e. a fixed distance between two arbitrary corrugated sections adjacent to each other, is planned. The shaping of the corrugated cross section is advantageous especially when it has a flat area on the outer surface of the wave tail. This flat region has a width of 0.1 to 0.4 mm. The flat area enables good planar contact between adjacent heat exchange plates 2 and, at the same time, enables support for each adjacent heat exchange plate 2 to support each other, such as by attaching hard wax, etc. To do.

  The heat exchange plates 2 can be shaped identically or in agreement with each other, or shaped in a similar or different manner. The mutually identical heat exchange plates 2 have the same properties with respect to the specific properties of the corrugated section and the shaping of the corrugated section. The corresponding heat exchange plates 2 are identical in structure to one another, but it is possible for the heat exchange plates 2 to have, for example, different leg angles. Corresponding heat exchange plates 2 mainly have differently shaped corrugated cross sections and / or unique variables of different values, but with respect to the edge configuration and with respect to the front and back configuration of the heat exchange plate 2. It corresponds. For example, when two corresponding heat exchange plates 2 that differ only in the difference in leg angle due to only the difference in leg angle are used alternately, the positions and relative positions of the mutual contact portions of the heat exchange plate 2 in the deformed region are required. The advantage is that it can be easily optimized for rigidity and required distribution.

  The material of the heat exchange plate 2 and the base plate 3 is here aluminum. This material has the advantage of having a low density and at the same time making it possible to easily produce corrugated cross sections, for example by embossing. A brazing flux, such as hard wax, can be coated on at least one side to produce a bond between two adjacent plates in the contact area and edge area. Depending on the selection of the brazing flux and the layer thickness of the brazing flux application, a double-sided coating with the brazing flux may be provided. Coating with brazing flux was done using a joining tool (hard wax furnace) without using other auxiliary means or materials, especially in the area of the edges in the block and the supply and discharge lines. It helps to ensure a fluid tight connection between the two plates during the joining process.

  The connection between the heat exchange plates 2 and the connection between the lowermost heat exchange plate 2 and the base plate 3 are produced in particular by brazing. In order to achieve a stable structure as well as a good sealing action of the heat exchanger in the edge region of the heat exchange plate 2, the heat exchange plate 2 has a bent edge and the height of the edge is at least two adjacent It is possible to select the heat exchange plate 2 to be overlapped and partially overlap in this edge region. The number of heat exchange plates 2 that partially overlap in the edge region can be up to five. The greater the number of partially overlapping heat exchange plates 2, the more rigid the wall formed thereby and closing the heat exchanger on the outside. This at the same time facilitates the production of a heat-tight plate 2 that is continuously stable and resistant in a heat-tight manner. In further preferred configurations, the corrugated cross section extends into the edge, in particular over its entire width. It should be noted that during the formation of the corrugated cross section, the heat exchange plate 2 still remains stackable, which means that the transition of the corrugated cross section in the edge region is mutually connected up to the assembly position of the two adjacent heat exchange plates 2. Made by adjusting.

  The modification shown in FIGS. 6 and 7 is the same as that of the third embodiment, and the base plate 3 has an overhanging region 8 on the lower surface thereof substantially on the extension of the heat exchange plate 2. According to this embodiment too, the overhang region 8 has a flat bottom.

It is sectional drawing which shows the laminated sheet type oil cooler by 1st Example along the AA line of FIG. It is sectional drawing which shows the laminated plate type oil cooler by the modification of 1st Example along the AA line of FIG. 1b is a perspective view of the laminated oil cooler of FIG. It is a top view of the laminated plate type oil cooler of FIG. It is sectional drawing of the laminated sheet type oil cooler by 2nd Example. It is sectional drawing of the laminated sheet type oil cooler by the change aspect of 2nd Example. It is sectional drawing of the laminated sheet type oil cooler by 3rd Example. It is sectional drawing of the laminated sheet type oil cooler by 4th Example. FIG. 7 is a detail view of FIG. 6. The heat exchange plate by 3rd, 4th Example is shown. It is sectional drawing of the laminated sheet type oil cooler by the present condition of a technique. FIG. 10 is a detail view of detail B of FIG. 9.

Explanation of symbols

1 plate laminated oil cooler 2 heat exchange plate 3 base plate 5 dent 6 upper surface 8 overhang area

Claims (9)

  A plate heat exchanger, in particular a laminar plate oil cooler (1), in which two adjacent heat exchange plates (2) define a gap, this gap being defined as a heat exchange medium or a second medium to be cooled or A medium to be heated circulates, and a base plate (3) is provided at one end, and this base plate abuts at least substantially planarly on the outermost heat exchange plate (2) adjacent to the heat exchanger. A heat exchanger, characterized in that the base plate (3) has a recess (5) with a contour extending corresponding to the heat exchange plate (2).   2. The heat exchanger according to claim 1, wherein a side surface of the outermost heat exchange plate abuts a side surface of the contour extending in a recess of the base plate at least in its lower region.   3. A heat exchanger according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that the edge of the outermost heat exchange plate (2) projects upward from the base plate (3).   Heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the recess (5) of the base plate (3) is larger than the material thickness of the heat exchanger heat exchange plate (2).   The recess (5) of the base plate (3) has at least an inner height between the outermost heat exchange plate (2) contacting the base plate (3) and the next outermost heat exchange plate (2). Heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has the same depth as the material thickness of the heat exchanger heat exchange plate (2) plus half.   The recess (5) of the base plate (3) has at least an internal height between the outermost heat exchange plate (2) that contacts the base plate (3) and the next outermost heat exchange plate (2). The heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that it has the same depth as the material thickness of the added heat exchanger heat exchange plate (2).   A heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the contour of the base plate is produced by embossing, casting or cutting.   Heat exchanger according to any one of the preceding claims, characterized in that the base plate (3) has at least one supply hole for one of the media. Use of a heat exchanger according to any one of claims 1 to 8 as a supply / coolant cooler, an exhaust cooler, an evaporator or an oil cooler (1).

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